Coactive Aesthetics ROUTER-LL User manual

Coactive ROUTER-LL
LonTalk Ethernet
Backbone Router
User’s Manual
Version 2.0.4
RTLL-DC-00001

1
Table of Contents
Introduction ........................................................ 2
System Requirements ............................... 3
Packing List ............................................... 3
Related Documentation ............................. 3
Connectors, Switches, and Indicators ....... 4
Getting Started ................................................... 5
LonWorks Configuration .................................... 8
Introduction ............................................... 8
Network Services Tools ............................ 9
NODEUTIL.EXE and RTR_CFG.EXE............... 9
Network Address ...................................... 9
Channels and Communications Parameters 10
Message Buffers ........................................ 11
Routing Algorithm ..................................... 12
Installation ................................................ 12
Operation ........................................................... 14
Setup Screen ............................................ 14
IP Address Configuration Screen .............. 15
Connections Screen ................................. 15
Appendix A: Specifications ................................ 16
Appendix B: Communications Parameters ........ 17
Appendix C: Factory Settings ............................. 19
Appendix D: RTR_CFG.EXE ................................. 20
Appendix E: LonBuilder Installation .................. 21
Appendix F: LonMaker Installation .................. 24

2
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Coactive ROUTER-LL LonTalk Ethernet
Backbone Router. The ROUTER-LL provides LonTalk routing capabilities
between LonWorks twisted pair media and Ethernet. As shown in Figure
1, the ROUTER-LL allows an IP network to be used as a backbone to con-
nect LonWorks subnets together.
Figure 1 ROUTER-LLs Providing an IP Backbone
This document explains how to install and configure your ROUTER-LL.
The ROUTER-LL comes in three versions, corresponding to the three
twisted pair LonTalk transceivers available:
• RTLL-EN-00007 (TP/XF-78)
• RTLL-EN-00001 (TP/XF-1250)
• RTLL-EN-0000F (TP/FT-10)
The ROUTER-LL is a fully compatible LonWorks Router. In order to use
the ROUTER-LL, you must understand LonWorks routing concepts and
be able to install a router using a network services tool (e.g. LonBuilder or
LonMaker).
IP Network
Router-LLRouter-LL
Node Node Node Node Node Node
Router-LL
LonWorks LonWorksLonWorks

3
System Requirements
To use the ROUTER-LL you need:
• A VT100 or ANSI compatible terminal. For example, this can be a
stand-alone terminal, or an IBM compatible computer with a serial
port and the TERMINAL.EXE or HYPERTERMINAL.EXE application
(these come with the standard Windows 3.1 or Windows 95/NT
installation respectively).
• A 10BASE2 (thin coax) or 10BASE-T (twisted pair) Ethernet network,
or a converter from your physical network media type to 10BASE2 or
10BASE-T Ethernet.
• A TP/XF-78, TP/XF-1250, or TP/FT-10 LonWorks network.
• A LonWorks network services tool capable of installing a LonWorks
router (e.g. LonBuilder or LonMaker).
• An IBM compatible computer running MS-DOS (or a DOS shell) with
a LonWorks network interface that is available through the standard
Echelon DOS device driver.
Related Documentation
The following documents are recommended reading for a full under-
standing of the ROUTER-LL:
•LonWorks Router User’s Guide (078-0018-01C Revision 3) - Echelon
Corp.
•Neuron C Programmer’s Guide, Chapter 6: Memory Management (078-
0002-01 Revision 3) - Echelon Corp
•LonWorks Technology Device Data (DL159/D Revision 3) - Motorola
Packing List
The ROUTER-LL shipping carton contains:
• This manual.
• The ROUTER-LL.
• The ROUTER-LL Companion Disk.
• An AC power cord.

4
Connectors, Switches and Indicators
FEATURE USE
POWER LED (green) The POWER LED will be on when power is applied to the
ROUTER-LL.
STATUS LED (green) The STATUS LED flashes for each packet routed by the
ROUTER-LL.
SERVICE 1 LED (yel-
low) When the SERVICE REQUEST button is being pressed, this LED is on at maximum intensity. If the SERVICE REQUEST
button is not being pressed, then the LED indicates the follow-
ing:
on an unrecoverable error has been detected on side
one
blinking side one is unconfigured; routing tables or router
node address assignment have not been loaded
off side one configured
SERVICE 2 LED (yel-
low) When the SERVICE REQUEST button is being pressed, this LED is on at maximum intensity. If the SERVICE REQUEST
button is not being pressed, then the LED indicates the follow-
ing:
on an unrecoverable error has been detected on side
two
blinking side two is unconfigured; routing tables or router
node address assignment have not been loaded
off side two configured
RS232 Connector The RS232 DB-9 connector is an EIA-232 asynchronous serial
port. The port is configured for 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit,
no parity, and no flow control.
The RS232 connector is pin compatible with standard PC serial
ports.
SERVICE REQUEST
Button Pressing the SERVICE REQUEST button grounds the service pins on both sides of the router. This action generates service
request messages from each side of the router.
LONTALK Network
Connector The LONTALK connections on the ROUTER-LL are two RJ-45 sockets wired in parallel.
Pins one and two on the RJ-45 sockets are connected to the Ech-
elon twisted-pair transceiver.
ETHERNET Connec-
tors Two ETHERNET connectors are available on the ROUTER-LL, a 10BASE-T twisted-pair RJ-45 connector and a 10BASE2 thin
coax BNC connector.
Power Switch Power is applied to the ROUTER-LL when the power switch is
in the on (|) position.
Power Connector The ROUTER-LL uses a universal input AC power supply. Use
the supplied power cable to connect the ROUTER-LL to any AC
power outlet.

5
Getting Started
Follow these step by step instructions to install your ROUTER-LL on
your IP network.
Configure the terminal
Connect a VT100 or ANSI terminal to the RS232 connector on the
ROUTER-LL. Configure the communications port of the terminal for EIA-
232 asynchronous serial communications at 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop
bit, no parity, and no flow control.
Establish Communications
Connect the power cord between the ROUTER-LL and an AC outlet and
flip the power switch to the on (|) position. The green POWER LED
should turn on.
After a few moments and some brief messages, the SETUP screen will
appear (note that the version number may be different):
COACTIVE AESTHETICS ROUTER-LL VERSION 2.0.1
SETUP
Mode: CLIENT
Transceiver: 10BASE-T
IP Address: 0. 0. 0. 3
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255. 0
Gateway Address: 0. 0. 0. 1
Server Address: 0. 0. 0. 2
If nothing appears on the terminal screen, recheck the cabling between
the ROUTER-LL and the terminal. If characters appear on the terminal
screen but they don’t resemble the screen shown above, recheck the com-
munication and terminal emulation settings on your terminal. You may
need to press the space bar to refresh the screen if you make any changes
to your cabling or terminal settings.

6
Configure the ROUTER-LL IP Side
Use the <RETURN> key to edit a field in the SETUP screen and the <TAB>
key to move from field to field.
Set the Mode field to either CLIENT or SERVER. There should be exactly
one SERVER in each group of ROUTER-LLs that will talk to each other.
All other ROUTER-LLs should be configured as CLIENTs.
Set the Transceiver field to match the physical Ethernet transceiver
type you will be using (10BASE-T or 10BASE2).
Consult your System Administrator to determine what IP Address,
Subnet Mask, and Gateway Address to assign to the ROUTER-LL
and configure these settings.
If you have configured the ROUTER-LL as a CLIENT, you will need to set
the Server Address fields to the IP address of the SERVER ROUTER-
LL.
When you are done configuring the ROUTER-LL, press <S> to save the
configuration. After a moment, the IP ADDRESS CONFIGURATION
screen will appear (note the version number and configuration settings
may be different):
COACTIVE AESTHETICS ROUTER-LL VERSION 2.0.1
Mode: CLIENT
Transceiver: 10BASE-T
Connections: 0
IP ADDRESS CONFIGURATION
Local: 192.190.120. 3
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255. 0
Gateway: 192.190.120. 1
Server: 192.190.120. 2
WARNING
If you assign the ROUTER-LL an IP address that is already in
use, you may cause system-wide network problems. Always
consult your System Administrator before attaching anything
to your IP network.

7
Attach your IP network cables
Connect your Ethernet network using the 10BASE2 or 10BASE-T ETHER-
NET connector on the ROUTER-LL. Be sure that you configured the
ROUTER-LL for the correct transceiver type in the previous step.
After a minute or two, the ROUTER-LL will connect to all the other
ROUTER-LLs that share the same SERVER. The Connections line indi-
cates how many connections exists to other ROUTER-LLs.
LonWorks Configuration
Before using your ROUTER-LL, you must add it to your LonWorks net-
work. The following chapter describes this process in detail.

8
LonWorks Configuration
Correctly configuring the routers in a LonWorks network is critical to net-
work operation. Taking the time to read and understand this section com-
pletely is required to successfully install your ROUTER-LL. The
ROUTER-LL will not function correctly if it has not been installed prop-
erly.
Introduction
The ROUTER-LL contains an Echelon RTR-10 Router Core Module which
provides the ROUTER-LL with full LonWorks Router functionality. Rout-
ers connect two communications channels and route LonTalk messages
between them. In a ROUTER-LL, one of these channels is always a IP
Channel. The other channel can be either TP/FT-10, TP/XF-78, or TP/XF-
1250.
Figure 2 illustrates a typical ROUTER-LL installation with a TP/FT-10
and a TP/XF-78 channel connected using a ROUTER-LL IP Channel.
Because of the routers, the applications on all four nodes in this example
can communicate as if they were installed on a common channel.
Figure 2 Typical ROUTER-LL Installation
The following sections provide configuration information specific to the
ROUTER-LL needed to successfully install and use ROUTER-LLs in your
network. In addition, the Appendices of this manual contain step by step
instructions for using the ROUTER-LL with some of the more popular
network services tools.
ROUTER-LL IP Channel
Coactive ROUTER-LL
TP/FT-10 Coactive ROUTER-LL
TP/XF-78
TP/FT-10 Channel TP/XF-78 Channel
Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4

9
Network Services Tools
In order to use a ROUTER-LL, the user must understand LonWorks rout-
ing concepts. This information is documented in Echelon’s LonWorks
Router User’s Guide. In addition, the user must have access to, and be able
to use, a LonWorks network services tool capable of installing LonWorks
routers. Router configuration support varies greatly among the different
network services tools. While most provide the same basic functionality,
the details of the user interface and installation procedures differ from
product to product. The information given in this section is intended to
be generic across all network services tools. The user should understand
that some effort will be required to integrate this information into the par-
ticular procedures they use to configure their network.
NODEUTIL.EXE and RTR_CFG.EXE
In addition to a network services tool, it is often necessary to use a low
level LonWorks diagnostic tool to inspect and change network parame-
ters on nodes and routers in a LonWorks network. Echelon’s
NODEUTIL.EXE tool Coactive recommends that the user not use Eche-
lon’s NODEUTIL.EXE tool to change any parameters on the ROUTER-LL.
Under certain circumstances, NODEUTIL.EXE will corrupt the communi-
cations parameters on the IP side of the RTR-10 Module. Coactive sup-
plies a tool similar to NODEUTIL.EXE named RTR_CFG.EXE which is
customized for the ROUTER-LL. RTR_CFG.EXE is supplied on the
ROUTER-LL Companion Disk and is described in detail in Appendix D:
RTR_CFG.EXE.
RTR_CFG.EXE is required when installing a ROUTER-LL. This procedure
is described in detail in the following sections.
Network Address
The ROUTER-LL’s RTR-10 Router Core Module contains two Neuron
Chips. Each of these chips must be assigned one or two domain table
entries. These entries allow the Neuron to receive network management
messages, and they are also used by some routing algorithms to make
routing decisions (see Routing Algorithm, below).
The domain table entries in the ROUTER-LL are typically set by the net-
work services tool during network configuration. ROUTER-LLs are deliv-
ered from the factory with the table entries set as described in Appendix
C: Factory Setting.

10
Channels and Communications Parameters
The network services tools being used for network configuration must
contain channel definitions for each physical subnet in a LonWorks net-
work. The communications parameters of these channels should match the
transceiver type that they will be attached to. These channels are assigned
to nodes and routers in the network services tool which uses this informa-
tion for two purposes:
• To determine the network topology and calculate timing for mes-
sages sent between nodes.
• To set the transceiver parameters of each node and router during
installation.
The RTR-10 Router Core Module in the ROUTER-LL has two transceiver
interfaces. The transceiver that connects to the LONTALK connector
(LonTalk side) of the ROUTER-LL is either a TP/FT-10, TP/XF-78, or TP/
XF-1250 transceiver depending on which model you have purchased. The
transceiver that connects to the ETHERNET (IP side) of the ROUTER-LL
is a Special Purpose transceiver.
The communications parameters for a standard transceiver (TP/FT-10,
TP/XF-78, or TP/XF-1250) should be used for the LonTalk side of the
ROUTER-LL. The data in Appendix B: Communications Parameters
should be used to define the channel that connects to the IP side of the
ROUTER-LL. For those network services tools that can use them, Router
Interface files (RIF files) are supplied on the ROUTER-LL Companion
Disk for each of the three ROUTER-LL transceiver configurations (TP/
FT-10<->Special Purpose, TP/XF-78<->Special Purpose, and TP/XF-
1250<->Special Purpose).
If the wrong communications parameters are loaded into the RTR-10
Module, the router may be unable to communicate through its transceiv-
ers. The communications parameters for the LonTalk side of the
ROUTER-LL are hard coded to the correct values. If these values are set
incorrectly by a network services tool, they will be reset the next time the
ROUTER-LL is power cycled. The communications parameters for the IP
side must be set correctly by the network services tool or the ROUTER-LL
will not function correctly.
NOTE: If the communications parameters of the IP side of the ROUTER-
LL are corrupted for some reason, the network services tool must be con-
nected to the LonTalk side to set the correct values (since communications
will not be possible through the IP side until the parameters are set cor-
rectly).

11
Message Buffers
The information in this section is meant to supplement the discussion on
message buffers in Chapter 2 of the LonWorks Router User’s Guide. An
additional source of information on message buffers can be found in
Chapter 6 of the Neuron C Programmer’s Guide.
The buffer types described in the LonWorks Router User’s Guide are actu-
ally a subset of the buffers available on each side of the RTR-10 Router
Core Module. The complete list of buffer types, which are the same as
those available on any Neuron Chip, is given below:
• Receive Transaction Buffers
• Transmit Transaction Buffers
• Input Application Buffers
• Output Application Buffers
• Input Network Buffers (referred to as “Input Buffers” in the LonWorks
Router User’s Guide)
• Output Network Buffers (referred to as “Normal Output Buffers” or
“Non-Priority Output Buffers” in the LonWorks Router User’s Guide)
• Priority Output Application Buffers
• Priority Output Network Buffers (referred to as “Priority Output
Buffers” in the LonWorks Router User’s Guide)
The buffer types not mentioned in the LonWorks Router User’s Guide are
used only for network management messages sent to the RTR-10 Module.
The count and size of these buffers should never be changed or the RTR-
10 Module will not function correctly.
The maximum number of bytes available for the buffers in each side of
the RTR-10 Module is 1475. Of these bytes, 221 are reserved for the
Receive Transaction, Transmit Transaction, Input Application, Output
Application, and Priority Output Application Buffers. This leaves 1254
bytes available for the Input Network, Output Network, and Priority
Output Network Buffers. If the total number of bytes for these buffers
exceeds 1254, the ROUTER-LL will not function correctly.
The counts and sizes of message buffers in the ROUTER-LL are typically
configured in the network services tool and set when the router is
installed. The values for the counts and sizes of the buffers are restricted
by the RTR-10 firmware. The legal values are:
• Count must be either 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 15, or 23.
• Size must be either 42, 50, 66, 82, 114, 146, 210 or 255.

12
The message buffer configurations for both sides of the ROUTER-LL
should be the same.
ROUTER-LLs are delivered from the factory with their buffers configured
as described in Appendix C: Factory Setting.
Special Note for LonBuilder Users: LonBuilder simplifies the configura-
tion of message buffers into two user defined parameters: Packet
Buffers and Size. Size sets the size of the Input Network, Output
Network, and Priority Output Network Buffers. Packet Buffers sets
the Output Network Buffer count. The Input Network and Priority Out-
put Network Buffer counts are always set to 2.
Routing Algorithm
The ROUTER-LL can use one of four routing algorithms: configured router,
learning router, bridge, or repeater. See the LonWorks Router User’s Guide for
a complete discussion of the different algorithms. ROUTER-LLs are deliv-
ered from the factory configured as repeaters.
Installation
When a network services tool installs a router, it calculates the timing
parameters for messages sent through that router. These parameters are
calculated based on the communications parameters of the router’s trans-
ceivers. Unfortunately, the standard algorithm used by the network ser-
vices tool incorrectly calculates these timing parameters for the ROUTER-
LL (because of the propagation delay introduced by the IP network, the
required values for the communications parameters are out of range for
the algorithm). To correct for this problem, the ROUTER-LL requires a
two-step installation process:
• The first step installs communications parameters that allow the net-
work services tool to correctly calculate the message timing.
• The second step installs communications parameters required to opti-
mize ROUTER-LL performance. This step is performed by the
RTR_CFG.EXE tool.
The procedure for installing a network that contains ROUTER-LLs is as
follows:
• Connect the ROUTER-LL to your LonWorks network using the RJ-45
LONTALK connector.
• Install all nodes and routers as usual using a network services tool.
The preceding sections and the Appendices of this manual contain
detailed data and instructions that are specific to the ROUTER-LL.

13
Note that some of the communications parameters for the ROUTER-
LL are variable and depend on the speed of your IP network.
• Power cycle the ROUTER-LL.
• Run the RTR_CFG.EXE utility to install corrected communications
parameters on the ROUTER-LLs in the network. RTR_CFG.EXE is
supplied on the ROUTER-LL Companion Disk and is described in
detail in Appendix D: RTR_CFG.EXE.
Note that each time the communications parameters are set in a
ROUTER-LL with a network services tool, they must be reset with
RTR_CFG.EXE. This typically happens when installing or replacing a
ROUTER-LL, but depending on the network services tool being used, this
can happen any time a change is made to the network.

14
Operation
The following sections describe the basic features of the ROUTER-LL.
Setup Screen
The SETUP screen allows you to configure your ROUTER-LL. While in
the SETUP screen, no connections to other ROUTER-LLs are allowed. The
SETUP screen is enabled by pressing <S> and then <Y> from the IP
ADDRESS CONFIGURATION or CONNECTIONS screen.
While in the SETUP screen, use the <RETURN> key to edit a field and the
<TAB> key to move from field to field. While entering text in a field, the
<RETURN> key will accept the new text and the <ESC> key will return the
field to it’s previous value.
The following parameters can be configured:
•Mode: This parameter sets the ROUTER-LL to be either a CLIENT or a
SERVER. There should be exactly one SERVER in each group of
ROUTER-LLs that will talk to each other. All other ROUTER-LLs
should be configured as CLIENTs.
•Transceiver Type: This parameter indicates which Ethernet port
on the ROUTER-LL will be active. The choices for this field are
10BASE-T and 10BASE2.
•IP Address: This is the IP address of the ROUTER-LL on the IP net-
work. This addresses should be obtained from your System Adminis-
trator.
•Subnet Mask: This is the IP subnet mask of the ROUTER-LL on the
IP network. This mask should be obtained from your System Admin-
istrator.
•Gateway Address: This is the IP address of the default gateway for
the ROUTER-LL on the IP network. This address should be obtained
from your System Administrator.
•Server Address: This is the IP address of the ROUTER-LL
SERVER. This field is only available if the Mode field is set to CLIENT.
The save any changes made to the ROUTER-LL in the SETUP screen,
press <S>. To restore the previous configuration, press <ESC>. In either
case, the ROUTER-LL will return to the IP ADDRESS CONFIGURATION
or CONNECTIONS screen.

15
IP Address Configuration Screen
During normal operation, the IP ADDRESS CONFIGURATION screen
shows the status and current configuration of the ROUTER-LL.
The Connections line indicates how many connections exist to other
ROUTER-LLs. The configuration parameters are explained in the Setup
Screen section above.
To enter the SETUP screen from the IP ADDRESS CONFIGURATION
screen, press <S> followed by <Y>. To enter the CONNECTIONS screen,
press <C>.
Connections Screen
During normal operation, the CONNECTIONS screen shows the status and
current connections of the ROUTER-LL.
The Connections line indicates how many connections exists to other
ROUTER-LLs. The main body of the screen shows a list IP addresses for
each ROUTER-LL that is connected.
To enter the SETUP screen from the CONNECTIONS screen, press <S> fol-
lowed by <Y>. To enter the IP ADDRESS CONFIGURATION screen, press
<A>.

16
Appendix A: Specifications
AC Power Input: 100-250 VAC, 47-63 HZ, 15 W
Operating Temperature: 0 to 60 deg C
Router Hardware: RTR-10 Router Core Module
Router Firmware Version: 125

17
Appendix B: Communications Parame-
ters
The values listed below are those used by the network services tool to cal-
culate message timing. The actual parameters set by RTR_CFG.EXE will
be different.
Parameters specified as “Configurable” may be changed by a network
services tool.
Transceiver ID N/A
Media Coactive ROUTER-LL
Neuron Chip to Transceiver Interface Special Purpose
Interface Bit Rate 1.25Mbps
Input Clock 10MHz
Minimum Clock 10MHz
Number of Priority Slots Configurable; default = 0 slots
Average Packet Size Configurable; default = 15 bytes
Oscillator Accuracy 200ppm
Oscillator Wakeup 0ppm
Collision Detect (CD) N/A
CD Term after Preamble N/A
CD Through Packet End N/A
Bit Sync Threshold N/A
Hysteresis N/A
Filter N/A
Network Bit Rate Configurable; see below
Alternate Rate N/A
Wakeup Pin Direction Input
XCVR Controls Preamble Yes
General Purpose Data 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Allow Node Override No
Receive Start Delay Configurable; see below
Receive End Delay 0.0 bits (0 microsec)
Indeterminate Time 0.0 bits (0 microsec)
Min. Interpacket Time 0.0 bits (0 microsec)
Turnaround Time N/A
Missed Preamble N/A
Preamble Length 0.0 bits (0 microsec)
Use Raw Data No
The Network Bit Rate and Receive Start Delay parameters vary depend-
ing on the speed of your IP network. Use the following guidelines to set
these parameters.
• For high-speed LAN connections with few or no routers, use 5000
bps for Network Bit Rate and 15.0 bits (1100 microsec) for Receive
Start Delay.

18
• For low-speed LAN connections with many routers or low band-
width segments (e.g. dialup or ISDN), use 1000 bps for Network Bit
Rate and 3.0 bits (1100 microsec) for Receive Start Delay.
• For Internet connections, use 300 bps for Network Bit Rate and 0.9
bits (1100 microsec) for Receive Start Delay.

19
Appendix C: Factory Setting
LonTalk Side Domain Table:
Entries: 1
Entry 0:
Length: 0
ID: N/A
Subnet: 254
Node: 1
Authentication Key: ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff
IP Side Domain Table:
Entries: 1
Entry 0:
Length: 0
ID: N/A
Subnet: 254
Node: 2
Authentication Key: ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff
Buffer Sizes (LonTalk and IP sides):
Type Count Size Bytes
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Receive Transaction 3 13 39
Transmit Transaction 2 28 56
Input Application 2 42 84
Output Application 1 42 42
Input Network 2 66 132
Output Network 15 66 990
Priority Output Application 0 42 0
Priority Output Network 2 66 132
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1475
Router Algorithm: Repeater