D-2 Incorporated JF-1A User manual

JF-1A CONDUCTIVITY SENSOR
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FEBRUARY 2009
D-2 INCORPORATED
Jet Fuel 1A Conductivity Sensor
JF-1A
OPERATION MAN AL
REVISION 2.1
FIRMWARE VERSION 2.2
P/N A441-009
This manual covers the operational aspects of the D-2 JF-1A Conductivity Sensor. D-2
continuously strives to meet the full expectations of our customers and e elcome
comments on the structure, content and the ability of this manual to ans er your
questions regarding our product. If you have any suggestions or comments please
contact us at [e-mail]. This document is provided ith the understanding that
future versions of this instrument may have additional commands, and the function of
the commands sho n in this document may vary from the present operation.
Revision History
Revision Des ription Date Approved
2.0 In orporated A440-010-FC, Appli ation Note’s 10-006, 10-007 as standard
elements, remove referen es to JFWIN, hange to Hyperterminal
15DEC10 A Fougere
3.0 Corre t Air/Zero Notations 28MAR11 A Fougere

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
OPERATION MAN AL 1
P/N A440-009 1
1.0 GENERAL 4
2.0 USAGE 5
3.0 FUNCTION 5
4.0 THEORY OF OPERATION 6
5.0 D-2 JF-1A SENSOR 7
6.0 MECHANICAL INSTALLATION 8
7.0 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
8.0 TEST PROCEDURE 15
.0 SENSOR REMOVAL 17
10.0 SPECIFICATIONS 17
11.0 SERIAL DATA INTERFACE 18
12.0 CALIBRATION 23
13.0 COMPENSATED OUTPUT 24
14.0 FILTERED OUTPUT 25
15.0 MAINTENANCE 27
16.0 OPTIONAL 2-WIRE TEMPERATURE INTERFACE 28

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Appendix A: Service & Warranty Policy 30

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1.0 GENERAL
The D-2 JF-1A Conductivity Sensor is a reliable instrument for the continuous
measurement of electrical conductivity of fuels. The JF-1A Conductivity Sensor
incorporates innovative electronics Digital Signal Processing (DSP) techniques to
accurately determine the electrical conductivity of fuel products. The instrument ill
measure fuel electrical conductivities bet een 0 and 2000 picosiemens/meter (pS/M),
although it is optimized and normally used in the 0 to 500 pS/M range. The sensor
offers RS-232 data output, or traditional industrial loop compliant 4-20 mA. The 4 -20
mA output can be user programmed to represent a prescribed range of conductivity.
User configurations and instrument calibration terms are stored in internal non-volatile
memory. The D-2 sensor is continuously internally electronically calibrated. Absolute
calibration relies only on the sensor cell constant that is very stable by design. The
conductivity sensor has a built-in temperature sensor. Output from the temperature
sensor is used to fully compensate the conductivity output from variations due to
changes in electrical conductivity as a function of temperature per the ASTM D 2624,
Appendix X2 Standard (Appendix A), (See Also Document “NRC-22648 The Relationship
Bet een Electrical Conductivity and Temperature of Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing
Static Dissipater Additives”. The sensor can be provided ith an optional 2 (4 – 20mA)
ire temperature interface, allo ing remote monitoring of fuel temperature.
Figure 1
Typical Installation Courtesy of Motiva

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2.0 USAGE
Fuel products such as jet aviation and diesel fuels that are transferred at high pumping
rates may develop a static electrical charge due to the very lo conductance of the
fluid. The D-2 JF-1A Conductivity Meter measures the ability of the fuel to dissipate
that charge. The conductivity of aviation fuels is purposely increased using additives
that reduce the ability of the fuel to store static charge. These additives are normally
injected prior to transfer to the load vessel. The D-2 JF-1A Conductivity Sensor has the
ability to monitor the electrical conductivity of fuel continuously, allo ing its use as a
sensing element in an automated additive injection system. The D-2 JF-1A ability to
measure ith high precision continuously at a high sampling rate (1 hertz) allo s for
precision control of additive injection. The industrial standard 4-20 mA sensor allo s for
its use ith industry standard PID Controller/Display units combined ith additive
injector pumps to provide real-time control over addition of conductivity-enhancing
additives during the transfer process. The Digital Signal Processing (DSP) full numerical
compensation of conductivity for fuel temperature allo s the system to be used in
facilities independent of a ide range of ambient temperatures. The D-2 JF-1A provides
consistent results independent of temperature ( hen temperature compensation is
enabled). Optionally a second 2 Wire (4 – 20 mA) temperature output interface is
available.
3.0 FUNCTION
The D-2 JF-1A Conductivity Meter reads conductivity in picosiemens/meter, fuel
temperature in ITS-90 degrees C, and fully compensated Conductivity in picosiemens/
meter per ASTM D 2624, Appendix X2. These measures are equivalent to CU or
Conductivity Units. The sensor can be used in a 2 ire 4-20 mA industrial control loop
or in conjunction ith a serial input device using RS-232 IEEE Standard ASCII Serial
Input Data. Optionally a 2 ire (4-20 mA) temperature interface can be added to allo
remote monitoring of fuel temperature.

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Figure 2
Major System Components
1 Ball Valve
2 Sensor Mount Adaptor
3 Mounting Nut
4 Locking Collar
6 Electronics Housing
7 Electrical Connection Side
8 Label
9 Installation Reference Plane
4.0 THEORY OF OPERATION
The D-2 JF-1A Conductivity Sensor uses a probe consisting of t o concentric
stainless steel electrodes. When the probe is immersed in fuel, a very lo
frequency AC voltage is applied to the electrodes. Conduction through the fuel
results in an AC electrical current that is amplified, detected, and output as
either direct serial ASCII data, or as a standard 4-20 mA industrial current loop.
The use of a precision AC voltage overcomes the problem associated ith
electrode polarization impedance typical of DC type meters, and residual DC
charges that may exist in the fuel due to static generation from high-speed
pumping. Fluids such as aviation fuels can hold DC charge due to the very lo
conductance of the fluid. These fuels can have conductivities lo er than 5 pS/M
in the absence of conductivity-increasing additives.
1
2
3
4
1
2
4
7
3
6
8
9

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5.0 D-2 JF-1A SENSOR
Figure 3
D-2 JF-1A On-Line Fuel Sensor
With Retractable Mount
The D-2 JF-1A Conductivity Sensor ith Retractable Mount is sho n in Figure 3.
The unit is fully contained in a sealed approved housing. The sensor is designed
to be fully intrinsically safe for operation in fuel facilities. The back cover allo s
for direct conduit connection to the meter and offers both 4 - 20 mA output and
Serial Data Output Connections. The D-2 JF-1A Conductivity Sensor can be
operated as a “t o ire” device under ISA 4 - 20 mA loop specification
ANSI/ISA-12.12-1994 – Non-incendive Electrical Equipment for Use in
Hazardous Locations.

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6.0 MECHANICAL INSTALLATION
See Installation and Safe Use Manual for detailed mechanical installation
instructions.
6.1 LOCATION
The JF-1A Sensor should be mounted in do nstream proximity to the additive
injection site. The user MUST insure that additive ill be completely mixed at
the point at hich the fuel is sensed by the JF-1A sensor. An in-line mixer can
be used, or more conveniently the injection site can be follo ed by a pipe “T” or
bend to cause turbulent flo mixing of additive. Insufficient mixing ill result in
poor controller results and erratic average load conductivities.
NOTE: The Sensor should be mounted well away from possible
sources of electromagnetic noise, such as large pump motors, AC
power Lines, or electrical circuits containing large transient switching
currents.
Note: Prior to arc welding in proximity to the JF-1A sensor (closer
than 10 meters (30 feet) the sensor should be either removed from
the product line or at a minimum disconnected from all electrical
connections to the sensor. Welding circulation voltages can exceed
protection ratings of the sensitive output circuits located in the JF-1A
sensor.
6.2 PIPE CONNECTIONS
See Installation and Safe Use Manual for detailed mechanical pipe connections
instructions.
6.3 PIPE VALVE
The nipple should be supplied ith a 1” Open Throat Ball Valve.
NOTE: The Ball Valve M ST Have a Clear Opening of 1.0” through its
center to allow the D-2 sensor to pass unobstructed. Ball valves can be
purchased directly from D-2.

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6.3 SENSOR ADAPTOR
The D-2-supplied sensor adaptor should be mounted directly into the outboard
side of the ball valve using Teflon tape or other suitable thread sealer.
6.5 High Flo Rate Installation
See Installation and Safe Use Manual for detailed mechanical installation in high
flo rate lines.
7.0 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
See Installation and Safe Use Manual for detailed electrical installation
instructions.
7.1 2-Wire 4-20mA LOOP CONSIDERATIONS
Warning 2-Wire Loop Maximum Resistance including wire can not
exceed 500 ohms, or internal intrinsic over voltage safety devices in
the JF-1A sensor may be activated.
The 4-20 mA Loop supply open circuit voltage must be consistent ith the
“Open Circuit Supply” needs of the JF-1A at both its minimum and maximum
indicating currents. The JF-1A has both input voltage limiting protection and
polarity protection. These protection devices affect user supply voltage
requirements. If proper loop supply voltage is not maintained, errors in
indicated conductivity current may occur. The 4-20 mA loop supply voltage
should comply ith specifications section of the manual.
The maximum loop po er supply voltage, under all conditions, must also
prevent the voltage across the sensor loop terminals from exceeding the
maximum voltage listed in the specifications section of the manual. If this
condition is not maintained, errors in the current output may occur.
D-2 recommends that a 24 VDC isolated supply be used to po er the

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instrumentation loop. The supply should have high isolation (>500 Mohm), and
be single point grounded. The current loop should be ired using shielded
t isted pair ire. The shield should also be single point grounded to a solid
earth ground.
Sensing resistors should be capacitive by-passed to ensure lo common mode
loop noise. Sense resistors should be by-passed using the follo ing table as a
guide. Note the capacitor should be rated to sustain the orking voltage for the
loop and should comply ith the requirements of the local electric code.
R-Loop By-Pass
OHMS uF
250 1
350 2.2
500 3.3
In the figure belo a typical loop iring ith by-pass capacitors is sho n for the
JF-1A sensor. The loop sho s t o sensing resistors in series ith the JF-1A
sensor. At the negative terminal of the Isolated Po er Supply the “loop” is AC
grounded using a capacitor. This capacitor helps to eliminate “common mode”
voltages that may be coupled to the loop. Note the sense resistors should be
connected to isolated input detectors such that entire loop remains floating
eliminating any ground conflicts of differences. Please consult the factory for
specific application support in the design of your measurement system.

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JF-1
SENSOR
4-20 mA
DC
POWER SUPPLY
R1
SENSE
R2
SENSE
C1
BY-PASS
C2
BY-PASS
C3
GROUND
SHUN
PROPERLY BY-
PASSED 4-20 mA
INS RUMEN A ION
LOOP
EAR H GROUND
NOTE: Sensor wiring should be performed as defined by the National
Electric Code (NEC), and ATEX sensor certificate.

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7.2 4 – 20 mA CONDUCTIVITY READINGS
The follo ing table details current output readings for the JF-1A sensor ith a
nominal 0-500 pS/M range representing 4 – 20 mA. (Please consult the factory
for alternate range settings of the current output):
COND CTIVITY (Ps/M) Current (mA) Voltage * (Volts)
0.0 4.0 1.00
62.5 6.0 1.50
125.0 8.0 2.00
187.5 10.0 2.50
250.0 12.0 3.00
312.5 14.0 3.50
375.0 16.0 4.00
437.5 18.0 4.50
500.0 20.0 5.00
• 250 Ohm Voltage Sensing Resistor Used

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7.3 RS-232 CONNECTIONS Considerations (4-Wire)
Figure 8A
4-WIRE ELECTRICAL CONNECTION DETAIL
124 3
3
2
1
3
2
1
The 4 Terminal Scre Connector has both Po er Input and RS-232/RS-485
Connections as listed in Table 1 belo :
TABLE 1
SCREW TERMINAL CONNECTION PIN DETAIL
TERMINAL Function
1 Data/Po er Ground
2 RS-232 Data In (RXD)
3 Po er Input +
4 RS-232 Data Out (TXD)

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The RS-232 Interface is fully isolated from the sensor electronics through the
use of optical isolators located in the JF-1A/ATEX sensor.
7.4 RS-232 Wiring Considerations (4-Wire)
Data cable for the RS-232 should be lo capacitance data cable. Lengths in
excess of 20 meters may result data degradation of the RS-232 signals.
7.5 Po er Input (4-Wire)
Po er input to the 4-Wire po er connections should be clean filtered DC
voltage in the range of 7 – 35 VDC. Current consumption is approximately 10
mA.
8.0 TEST PROCEDURE
8.1 POWER INSTRUMENT
Connect Instrument to suitable po er supply (See Section 7.0 for detailed
electrical connections). Attach D-2 Test Cable P/N B440-079 to the 4-Wire
connector located on the user connection interface. See Figure 7.
8.2 TERMINAL SOFTWARE
Locate appropriated serial port terminal soft are, such as Hyperterminal.
Consult computer manual for configuration and settings. Set Port for 9600
Baud. Confirm connection turning JF-1A sensor on, ake up banner should
display on terminal screen. Pressing <CR> ill result in a single frame of data
being displayed on the screen (Note: Wait 5-10 seconds from po er turn of JF-
1A).
8.3 CHECK ZERO READING
With the sensor removed from the Load line rinse the sensor in “Clean”
Isopropyl Alcohol and blo dry using “dry” compressed air. Note that this step
should be repeated until all signs of fuel residual have been removed from the
sensor.

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Note: Isopropyl Alcohol is highly conductive and any residual traces
inside the sensor between the two electrodes will overage the
instrument. To flush the Isopropyl Alcohol a reagent grade toluene can
be used as an after rinse and allowed to air dry. Note that if the
Isopropyl Alcohol is well blown off with dry compressed air no
residuals will be left, eliminating the need to use the more exotic
Toluene.
Set the sensor to send continuous data using the “SC” command entered from
the Terminal. When the JF-1A is reporting values (less than 5 pS/M) the user
can be satisfied that the sensor is clean. Readings on the screen should report
less than 2 pS/M and should be stable. (Data is displayed as Conductivity,
Temperature, Compensated Conductivity <CR><LF>).
Note: The sensor is factory calibrated in certified “zero” conductance
fluid. The serial port may read a slightly negative value with the
sensor in air, this is normal due to the difference in dielectric constant
from air to fuel.
8.4 SCALE CHECK SENSOR
Place the sensor in a fuel ith additive that is near the full-scale range of
interest. We suggest a value “higher” than the range over hich the sensor is
going to be operated. For example, if the user intends to measure conductivity
in the 0 – 500 pS/M range a good value to calibrate the sensor ith is 750 –
1000 pS/M. This reduces uncertainty over the range of interest. The value of
the standard can be measured using a D-2 Incorporated JF-1A-HH hand-held
meter or other suitable and industry-accepted standardization device. Confirm
from the terminal the data reported is ithin instrument specification.

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.0 SENSOR REMOVAL
See Installation and Safe Use Manual for detailed mechanical removal
instructions.
10.0 SPECIFICATIONS
The electrical parameters are factory calibrated to 1% of reading. Ho ever, due
to fuel measurement characteristics, the repeatability and reproducibility limits
are as follo s:
Table 2
SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS
SENSORS:
Parameter Conductivity Temperature
Range 0 – 500 pS/M -5 – 50 C
Accuracy * +/- 2 pS/M (+/-
2%) of Reading
+/- 0.5 C
Resolution 0.1 pS/M 0.1 C
Sensor Type Coaxial
Electrode
Platinum RTD
Calibration Internal Zero &
Scale
NIST ITS-90
* This is at temperatures +/- 10° C of 20° C for the compensated output data
only.

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Table 3
SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
SYSTEM:
ELEMENT SPECIFICATION
Flo Range 0 – 7.0 M/s Max
Environmental -10 to 60 C Operation
-40 to 80 C Storage
Po er 2-Wire Input 24 VDC Minimum
38 VDC Maximum
Po er 4-Wire Input 7 VDC Minimum
38 VDC Maximum
Pressure 200 PSIA Maximum
Certification Housing FM, CSA, UL, CENELEC
Certification Sensor ATEX
Usage Class 2, Division 2
ATEX Certification EExd [ia] IIC T4/5/6
FM Certification
UL Certification
11.0 SERIAL DATA INTERFACE
The D-2 JF-1A has a comprehensive serial interface. The instrument contains
no internal electrical adjustments. All instrument calibration constants and
configurations are stored in internal non-volatile memory. The unit also has
programmable output span range for the 4-20 mA output, allo ing the user to
customize the unit to a specific application. The factory default range is for the
4 - 20 mA range to represent 0 - 500 pS/M conductivity range. The unit also has
programmable temperature compensation constants, for observing alternate
thermal compensation for the specific additive effect on the conductivity of the
treated fuel. Lastly, the user has the ability to set averaging of data that is
applied to both serial output data and to 4-20 mA data.
Note: Windows has terminal program built in “Hyperterminal” This
program is located in the Accessories sub directory in drive which
windows resides.

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11.1 RUN MODE
When po ered the unit commences operation in the “RUN MODE.” The unit
sends the follo ing sign on ASCII message at 9600 Baud, 8 Data Bits, No Parity
and 1 Stop bit:
(Note: Orator Text Used For All Instrument Outputs)
D-2 Incorporated
Fuel Cell JF1
1.6
COND, TEMP, COMP COND
(ps m) (C) (ps m-C)
The last t o lines are headers for the data output columns. To collect data the
user need only send an ASCII Carriage Return (Hex 0A) <CR> or ASCII Line
Feed (Hex OD) <LF>. The unit ill respond ith a single line of data:
13.0, 15.4, 23.8<CF><LF>
Where: 13.0 = Conductivity Measured
15.4 = Temperature of Fuel in Celsius
23.8 = Compensated Conductivity
11.2 CONTINUOUS DATA
To have the unit send data continuously ithout polling, the user can send the
“SC” Set Continuous Command. The unit ill commence sending data at the
data rate and current averaging rate. If the averaging is set to 1 sample then
the data rate is approximately 2.0 hertz. If the averaging is set to 2 samples
then the 2 samples are averaged together and the data rate is 1 hertz. Boxcar
averaging is used, i.e., Data Average = 1/N Ne Data + N-1/N Old Data. To
stop continuous data the unit ill only accept one command, hich is the capital
“S” Stop Command follo ed by a carriage return or line feed.
Note: The Stop Command is the only case sensitive command!
11.3 OPEN MODE
In OPEN MODE the unit stops collecting data and a aits user instructions such

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as calibration constants, or averaging settings, etc. The OPEN MODE can be
attained by sending the “***O” command. The unit after entering open mode
ill send “OPEN MODE” hen polled using a carriage return or line feed. From
open mode the user can vie all constants using the “RCAL” command. The
RCAL Command ill return the follo ing:
***O
Open Mode
RCAL
1314
ZERO=55.000000
FS=1900.000000
BT=67.759354
MT=-9.510620E-05
TREF=20.100000
MC=1.280000E-02
N=1.000000
W=30
NREF=1.000000
DAO=375
DAF=500.000000
In the Table Belo the definition of each of these constants is given:
Table 4
OPERATIONAL CONSTANTS
Constant Definition
1314 Unit Serial Number
ZER The value assigned to the zero
reference reading, used to set
Y=MX+B for the conductivity
channel
FS
The value assigned to the Full
Scale reference reading, used to
set Y=MX+B for the conductivity
channel
BT
The Temperature Channel ffset
Value
MT
The Temperature Channel Slope
Value
TREF
The Temperature Reference for
Conductivity Compensation
MC
The Temperature Coefficient of Jet

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Fuel with Additive Per ASTM
N
The Number of Samples of
Conductivity Box Car Averaged
See
Section 13.0
NREF
The number of Reference Channels
Averaged
DA The 4-
20 mA output offset counts
to trim current to 4.0 mA at Zero
Conductivity
DAF The 4-
20 mA full Scale in pS/M for
an load current of 20 mA Total
W Anti Spike Filter Maximum Scan-
Scan Change in pS/M
Any constant can be read individually by entering the reference name follo ed
by a <CR>. Any constant can be set by entering the reference follo ed by an
equal’s sign and then the ne value to be entered. All constants can be stored
in non-volatile memory using the ***E command. Note, cycling po er after
changing constants and before storing them in non-volatile memory using the
***E command ill result in the unit reverting to the original values stored.
To return to run mode, issue the ***R command or cycle po er.
Current Loop Output Testing
The JF-1A, hile in OPEN MODE, can temporarily output a current equal to a
given conductivity reading for system testing. To output a current equal to a
given conductivity, as example 250 pS/M, hile in OPEN MODE issue the
command COND=250. This command ill configure the output to dra current
equal to a reading of 250 pS/M, or on a 0 – 500 pS/M configured sensor 12
milliamps. Readings and output currents for various range configured units is
given in the table belo . (Note, the JF-1A is normally configured for a 0 – 500
pS/M range equating to a 4 – 20 mA current range.)