D-Link DFE-570TX User manual

© 2000 D-Link Corporation. All rights reserved
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Setup Guide

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Table of Contents
Introduction to D-Link's Load Balancing Utility.................................................3
Key Features ............................................................................................................4
Important Information............................................................................................. 4
Requirements ............................................................................................4
Windows NT 4.0 Issues.............................................................................5
Hardware Driver Compatibility...................................................................6
Before You Install - a Checklist .................................................................7
Network Environment Considerations.......................................................7
Quick Setup Guide..................................................................................................8
Installing.....................................................................................................8
Verifying Protocol Information of the Array................................................9
Using the Load Balancing Utility........................................................................10
Launching the Interface...........................................................................10
Viewing NIC Card Status and Alerts .......................................................11
Advanced Configuration Options.............................................................12
Using the Graphing Utility....................................................................................14
Graph Settings Tab .................................................................................14
Protocol Stats Tab...................................................................................16
Device Stats Tab .....................................................................................16
Configuring SNMP.................................................................................................17
Configuring the SNMP Agent after an Earlier Installation.......................17
SNMP Traps............................................................................................17
Windows NT Event Log Messages.....................................................................18
Contacting D-Link..................................................................................................19

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Setup Guide
Introduction to the D-Link Load Balancing Utility
Your DFE-570 adapter includes a software utility that provides dynamic fail over and
allows customers to load balance network traffic across the multiple ports on the
adapter. This utility is an elegantly simple yet extremely effective solution for
increasing server availability and performance. The software’s protocol independence
allow easy integration into any NT server environment, making it ideal for mission-
critical database servers, electronic commerce, web servers and file servers.
This utility eliminates each network port as a single point of failure by providing
redundancy across all the ports on the adapter. The software ensures that users
maintain non-stop access to key resources on the network, even if one or more of
the network interface connections go down. If a connection to an adapter is lost, the
software will instantly take the port out of the array and balance the traffic across
the remaining ports with no loss of data and, just as importantly, without loss of
connection.
The software can eliminate network interface performance bottlenecks by distributing
traffic among then four Ethernet ports on the adapter. The software instantly routes
connections to different adapters as users access the server. This process effectively
increases network interface bandwidth by a factor equal to the number of ports on
the adapter. To the server, these ports appear as a single network interface. To the
remote workstation or web surfer, the server appears immediately available without
the delay caused by congestion during high-access periods.

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Key Features
•Increased performance with network traffic Load Balancing.
•Can more than triple your server’s throughput.
•Instant failover across multiple ports without loss of data.
•Remote management with Web-based Enterprise Manager.
•Supports IP, IPX and NetBEUI and AppleTalk.
•SNMP alerts on failed adapters.
•Provides detailed throughput graphing and reporting.
Important Information
The following sections cover important information you need to successfully install
the load balancing utility. Please read this section carefully. This information is
intended to help you get up and running quickly and minimize the “gotchas” that can
waste hours of installation time.
Requirements
The load balancing software is an NDIS Intermediate driver that performs all of its
functions in the Kernel mode of NT. Because the software operates in kernel mode,
it should work well with almost any server configuration and application. A few
specific requirements, however, should be met before the load-balancing driver can
successfully operate on your server.
• Platforms: NT Server, Workstation or Terminal Server Edition with Intel
Pentium single or multiprocessor, DEC Alpha single or multiprocessor.
(Dual processor or higher recommended for high traffic loads).
• Operating Systems:
Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 with:
Service Pack 5, Service Pack 4 and Roll-up Hot Fix, or Service Pack 3 and
NDIS Hot Fix.
Terminal Server Edition with Service Pack 4.
• Miscellaneous: 32 MB RAM; 2 MB hard disk space; 3.5" high-density disk
drive; SVGA video adapter; mouse or compatible pointing device
Note: For Windows 2000, please refer to the D-Link Load Balancing utility
for Windows 2000 documentation for information about installing load
balancing and failover support in Windows 2000. (available XXX 2000).

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Windows NT 4.0 Issues
As with most applications, it is recommended that you install the latest Service Pack
from Microsoft prior to installing the load-balancing driver. The driver requires at
least Service Pack 3 to operate correctly. In addition, Microsoft has provided several
"Hot Fixes" that fix key problems that were discovered after each of the service
packs were released. If you are not running the latest Service Pack, it is strongly
recommended that you install the Hot Fixes listed below since they usually solve
bugs within NT that can lead to the "Blue Screen of Death."
Remember: Service Pack 3 or Service Pack 4 must be reapplied any time
you change or reconfigure Network Services or Protocols in the
Network Control Panel. It is highly recommended that you add
all protocols and devices that you will need before installing SP3
or SP4.
Service Pack 3 and NDIS Hot Fix
If Service Pack 3 is installed, it is important to install the NDIS Hot Fix from
Microsoft. This Hot Fix is only required for SP3 because the problem has been fixed
in SP4.
NDISFIXI for Intel Systems and NDISFIXA for Alpha solve a memory-leak problem in
Microsoft’s NDIS driver that leads to a “Blue Screen of Death.” This update, released
after Service Pack 3, MUST be applied before the load-balancing driver is loaded. You
can find this fix at Microsoft’s site at the following URL:
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/bussys/winnt/winnt-public/fixes/usa/nt40/hotfixes-
postSP3/ndis-fix
Remember: Any time Service Pack 3 is reapplied, the NDIS hot fix must
also be reapplied. It is highly recommended that you first add
all protocols and devices that you will need; then install SP3;
and finally apply the NDIS hot fix.
Service Pack 4 and Roll-Up Hot Fix
If Service Pack 4 is installed on a multi-processor computer, the Roll-Up Hot Fix from
Microsoft must be applied to the system. This Hot Fix is only required for SP4.
SP4HXI for Intel Systems and SP4HFXA for Alpha solve a synchronization problem in
Microsoft's TCPIP driver that leads to a "Blue Screen of Death." This update,
released after Service Pack 4, MUST be applied before the load-balancing driver is
loaded. You can find this fix at Microsoft's site at the following URL:
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/bussys/winnt/winnt-public/fixes/usa/nt40/hotfixes-postSP4/roll-up/

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Remember: Any time Service Pack 4 is reapplied, the Roll-Up Hot Fix must
also be reapplied. It is highly recommended that you first add
all protocols and devices that you will need; then install SP4;
and finally apply the Roll-Up Hot Fix.
Service Pack 5
Service Pack 5 (SP5) is the recommended configuration for use with the D-Link Load
balancing software running on Windows NT 4.0. If you are running the IPX protocol,
SP5 provides the most reliable environment for failover performance. Also, as of
release time there were no additional Hot Fixes that were required with SP5.
Terminal Server Edition and Service Pack 4
If Windows NT Terminal Server Edition (TSE) is installed, Service Pack 4 (SP4) for
TSE from Microsoft must be applied to the system before the load balancing driver is
installed. SP4 for TSE solves a memory-leak problem in Microsoft’s NDIS driver that
leads to a “Blue Screen of Death” among numerous other fixes.
Microsoft Cluster Server
If installing Microsoft Cluster Server with load balancing driver, the load-balancing
driver must be installed first. After installing the driver, an advanced configuration
option must be set to allow Microsoft Cluster Server to bind to the load balancer’s
virtual adapter that is. The
Clustering Support option can be found on the Advanced
Tab in the driver. For more detail on setting this option please refer to the Advanced
Settings topic on page 12.
SNMP Services
The D-Link driver can send alarms and alerts to any SNMP Management Console
based on various states and conditions of each network port. To utilize this feature,
SNMP services must be installed on the server.
Hardware Driver Compatibility
Windows NT drivers are based on the NDIS specification. Starting with NT 4.0 the
NDIS spec was updated to incorporate advanced features such as the use of
Intermediate drivers which sit between the NT Protocol Stack and the lower-level
hardware drivers. The 4.0 spec also outlines how the lower-level drivers
communicate with Intermediate drivers. The load-balancing driver operates
differently depending on the types of lower-level drivers used.
NDIS 4.0 Drivers
The load balancing software takes advantage of NDIS 4.0 compatible drivers to
provide instant failover (less than < 500 ms) because NDIS 4.0 drivers notify
Intermediate drivers instantly of any failures or changes in status through “Status
Indications." When an adapter fails, a Status Indication is sent to the load-balancing
driver and failover occurs instantly without losing a single packet in most cases.
Also, when an adapter with an NDIS 4.0 driver is brought back online, the driver will
instantaneously add the adapter into the array and redistribute the traffic.

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Recommended: Always check with your NIC manufacturer’s web site to
make sure you have the latest driver—preferably an NDIS
4.0 version. NDIS 4.0 drivers provide instant failover
capability with the load-balancing driver.
NDIS 3.x Drivers
Not all NIC manufacturers have released NDIS 4.0 versions of their drivers.
However, the load-balancing driver can still provide a high level of failover
performance with NIC drivers that do not send “Status Indications.” For non-NDIS
4.0 drivers, the software utilizes “Status Packets” that are generated by load
balancing software so each port can poll the other ports in the array to make sure
they are still alive. This process generates a small amount of traffic on the network
and introduces some latency in the failover process. However, even when using
Status Packets, the software can provide failover within 1 or 2 seconds with only
three to four packets lost on average.
Before You Install - a Checklist
Use this checklist to make sure your environment is set up correctly for the software
to be installed properly. It is highly recommended you follow each of the steps in
the order given.
•NT 4.0 is running properly.
•All NICs have been installed and checked for proper operation.
•All protocols, drivers, and network services are installed in NT and
operate correctly.
•At least Service Pack 3 has been installed. Service Pack 5 recommended.
•The necessary Hot Fixes have been installed.
•All cables, switches and hubs are set up and working properly.
Network Environment Considerations
While testing failover functionality, your network should approach a “real-world”
environment in terms of ambient background traffic. When the number of ports on
the Server is reduced to two and no traffic is on the network, it is more difficult for
load balancing software to detect when a failover situation has occurred (except with
NDIS 4.0 drivers). If your test network consists of one or two clients and a server is
connected on an isolated switch, try to avoid long periods of quiet time on your
network. If adapters with non-NDIS 4.0 drivers do not receive a broadcast packet in
over 2 minutes, determining which port is bad becomes difficult if only two ports are
in use.

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The driver installs as Protocol Service in NT’s
Network Control Panel
Quick Setup Guide
Installing the Load Balancing Driver
Step 1
Insert diskette into floppy drive
or CD in the CD-ROM drive.
Step 2
Open Control Panel.
Step 3
Double-click on Networking.
Step 4
Click on Protocols tab.
Step 5
Select Add.. to add a new
Protocol Service.
Step 6
Choose Have Disk… and the
path to the drive or directory containing the D-Link installation files.
Step 7
The option “Load Balancing and Failover
Software…” should appear. Select the
option and click OK.
Step 8
The Setup dialog should be displayed.
This dialog allows you to configure all of
the ports that you want to add to the
Array. Choose the first port in the
“Available Adapters” list at the top of the
dialog and select Add...
Step 9
You will be prompted to give the new array a name. This dialog will appear the first
time only when you add an adapter to an array. If you will add more than one array,
you may want to give each array segment a name such as “Engineering” or
“Accounting."
Adding the D-Link Protocol Transport

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Using the setup dialog to add adapters
to a new array.
Step 10
The next prompt asks if you want to use
each port’s protocol information as the
primary address for the array. If this is
the primary IP of the machine you want
advertised to clients, select Yes.
Otherwise, select No and continue
adding the other ports to the array. You
can change the IP address of the array
later. When finished, click OK.
Step 11
Close the Networking Control Panel
applet. When prompted, reboot your
machine for the new settings to take
effect.
NOTE: All available ports or adapters
must be assigned to an array. If
you do not want load balancing
or failover for a single port,
assign it to a separate array by
itself.
Verifying Protocol Information of the Array
Step 12
After rebooting, return to the Network Control Panel applet (repeat Steps 2 and 3)
and select the Protocols tab.
Step 13
a) Select TCP/IP and click the Properties button.
b) Review the IP address configuration for the “D-Link Virtual Adapter.”
The Virtual Adapter acts like a single adapter to NT but is actually the array of
adapters. The IP address that is configured here is the server’s IP address that will
be advertised to the network.
c) Verify that the information is correct and click OK when finished.
d) To test that everything is set up properly, have multiple clients ping the address
for the Virtual Adapter.

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With the Status Dialog, you can quickly
gauge the status of each port.
Using the Load Balancing Utility
Launching the Load Balancing Utility
At any time, you can instantly gauge the status of any port in an array and view
performance statistics on each array or individual ports. To view the status
information, open the Network Control Panel applet and view the properties of the D-
Link Transport by following the steps below.
Step 1
Open the Network Control Panel applet and
select the Protocols tab.
Step 2
Select D-Link Transport and click on the
Properties button. The D-Link load balancing
utility should be displayed with three tabs:
Setup, Status, and Advanced.
Step 3
Select the Status tab to display the current
condition of each port and throughput
statistics for arrays or individual ports.
Throughput statistics can be viewed on a
per-second or cumulative basis. To toggle
between these two modes, use the pull-
down window in the center of the dialog.
Also, throughput can be viewed for individual
ports or for the entire segment or array.
Choose the Segment array name for which
you wish to view statistics in the upper
window or choose the individual NICs within
the array.
Graph Details
In addition to the simple throughput statistics provided in the on the Status tab,
detailed reports and graphs are provided in the Graph utility. To launch the graphing
utility simply, click on the Graph Details button in the center of the Status tab. A
complete overview of the D-Link Graph utility is provided in the section
Using the D-Link Graphing Utility on page 14.

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Viewing NIC Card Status and Alerts
Within the Status dialog box, you can also view the status of each NIC instantly. The
load balancing software keeps track of five different states for each NIC in an array.
These states are represented using different color icons for the NICs in the tree view.
The five states with explanations are shown below.
Green Adapter – Adapter’s normal state. Adapter is working properly and
has not failed since system start.
Green Adapter with Red X -Adapter is currently down and has failed for
the first time.
Yellow Adapter - Adapter is currently working properly. However, yellow
state indicates there has been a failure previously. The software will
automatically reactivate adapters that indicate that they are working properly
again.
Yellow Adapter with Red X - Adapter is currently down and has been
down multiple times before.
Red Adapter - Adapter has failed more than three times in one hour
(default) and the software has pulled the adapter from the array. This state
prevents the load balancing software from constantly failing over on faulty
adapters that should be replaced.
NOTE: The load balancing software will permanently remove a port if it
determines that a port has failed more than three times in one hour
(achieving the red state above). If you will be testing failover
functionality, you may want to adjust this default. Otherwise, if you pull
the wire on a port more than three times, you will have to reactivate the
port from the Advanced Tab to add the port back into the array. Refer to
the Advanced Configuration Options below to change these defaults or
to learn how to reactivate a permanently inactivated adapter or port.
Whenever a port changes states, an SNMP alert is sent (assuming you have SNMP
services loaded in NT) and an event is logged to the NT event log.

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Advanced Configuration Options
The Advanced Tab in allows for advanced configuration options used by the failover
and load balancing functions. There are three groups of advanced settings located on
the Advanced Tab. The first section allows for reactivation of permanently removed
adapters without rebooting the server. The next section provides settings for
disabling load balancing and Microsoft Cluster Server support. Finally, the third
section contains settings for the operation of the failover function. Each group of
settings will be described in detail.
Inactive Adapters
Normally, if a port fails but later indicates it is online again, the load balancing
software will automatically add the port back into the array. However, if the port
fails three times within one hour (default), the software will permanently remove the
adapter from the array. These thresholds can be modified under the Failover Settings
section (see below).
To reactivate a permanently removed port, select the port and press the Reactivate
button. If there are no problems inserting the port, the port will then be added back
to its array without needing to reboot. Caution should be used when reactivating an
adapter. If the adapter has failed several times, the adapter may be experiencing
intermittent hardware problems and may need to be replaced. An adapter with
hardware problems may cause other network problems to occur on the network.
Advanced Settings
The Advanced Settings section provides
for the configuration of two optional
settings. First, selecting the checkbox
next to “Load Balancing Disabled” will
disable the load balancing function. This
setting will send data only through the
primary adapter, but still provides for
instantaneous failover. The Checkbox
next to “Clustering Support” will change
settings to the virtual driver so that
Microsoft Cluster Server can be used with
the load-balancing driver.
NOTE: Both of these settings require
a reboot to take effect.
The Advanced Tab is used to reactivate
adapters and modify advanced settings.

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Failover Settings
The Failover Settings section provides options that control the failover function. Each
setting is discussed below.
The first column of options set the conditions to permanently remove adapters from
the array. The setting for Max Down Count is the number of times an adapter
must go down (and comes back online) in the defined time period before being
permanently removed. The default value for this field is 3. A value of zero (0)
disables this feature so that an adapter can fail repeatedly without being
permanently removed.
The setting for Time Period is the amount of time (in minutes) the Max Down
Count setting must be exceeded before an adapter is permanently removed. The
default value for this field is 60 minutes (1 hour).
The second column of settings control the method used to detect that an adapter
has failed. The Status Packets method sends a status packet from one adapter to
another in order to determine if the receiving adapter is available.
The Status Indication method uses NDIS 4.0 functionality to have an adapter
inform the load balancing software that an adapter has failed or is functioning
properly again. Not all adapters support this method but it does provide for faster
failover.
The Auto Detect method determines at system startup which method (Status
Packets or Status Indications) should be used to provide the best failover method for
the installed adapters.
After any setting has been changed, the Update button will become active. Once all
changes have been made, press the Update button for the settings to automatically
go into effect. No reboot is required and all settings are saved for use after
rebooting. To restore all settings back to their default values, press the Default
button. Press the Update button to have these settings go into effect. If any
changes have been made and the OK button is pressed, the new settings will then
automatically be applied.

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Using the D-Link Graphing Utility
D-Link also provides a graphing utility to view detailed traffic statistics in real-time
graphs and reports. The graphing utility offers two types of graph formats. First, the
line graph is similar to the
Performance Monitor in Windows NT and provides a
detailed histogram of throughput data in real-time. The second option provides for
real-time 3-D bar charts that provide throughput data for every component in a
server or all of the protocol traffic.
To launch the D-Link Graph Utility, follow the steps outlined below.
Step 1
Open the D-Link Load balancing software and select the Status Tab. See Launching
the Load Balancing Utility above.
Step 2
Select the Graph Details button in the middle of the Status Tab. The Graphing utility
should be displayed with three tabs:
Graph Setting, Protocol Stats, and Device Stats .
Step 3
Select the Graph Setting tab and select the device you wish to graph from the Select
Device pull-down box located at the top of the tab. The following section explains
each option on the Graph Settings tab.
Graph Settings Tab
The “Graph Settings” tab allows you to customize how the software graphs and
displays throughput data, as well as select which device to graph throughput data
on. On this tab you can:
The Graph Utility provides detailed statistics and graphs.

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•Change the scale to Packets/Sec, Mbits/Sec or
Kbits/sec.
•Further breakout data by Incoming/Outgoing data, per
adapter, or by protocol.
•Select between Bar Graph or Line Graph.
•Select the device to graph data for.
Scale
To change the scale of any chart or graph, simply selected the appropriate option
under Scale on the Graph Settings Tab. You can switch the scale from Packets per
second, Megabits per second or Kbits per second.
Graph Detail
Graph Detail allows you to select how throughput totals are broken out for the
currently selected device. You can choose to display breakout detail in three ways:
•By Device
Allows you to view throughput from all of the sub-components that
make up a device. For instance if the currently selected device is a
Group (Array), then breakout totals will be displayed for each
adapter that makes up that group.
•By Protocol
This option allows you to view totals for each protocol running on
the currently selected device in addition to the total throughput of
the device.
•By Incoming/Outgoing
This option allows you to view total incoming traffic to the device
selected, total outgoing traffic in addition to the device’s total overall
throughput.
NOTE: This option is grayed out for Bar Chart type graphs since both Incoming and
outgoing traffic detail is provided in the other two options for Bar graphs.
You can further customize the graph by selecting or unselecting each breakout
component on the legend below the graph.
Graph Type
There are two ways to view throughput data in real time – Line Graphs or Bar
Charts.
Line Graph
The line graph is similar to Performance Monitor in Windows NT. It gives you the
ability to view data over time for total server throughput, by group, or adapter. Line
graphs not only allow you to see total throughput for each device, but you can also
view a variety of detailed statistics for each device including:

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•Incoming and outgoing data
•Traffic for each protocol
•Traffic for each sub-component (i.e. adapters that make
up an array)
Bar Graph
The bar graph option allows you to view throughput data for all components or
protocols on the server at once as well as overall throughput for the server. The
bars in the graph show both Incoming and outgoing data for each component. With
the Bar graph option selected, you have the ability to see graph detail by Device or
by protocol.
NOTE: With Bar chart selected, the Incoming/Outgoing option under graph detail
will be grayed out since this data is already incorporated in the bar charts for
both “By Device” and “By Protocol” options.
Protocol Stats Tab
The Protocol Stats Tab displays detailed statistics in tabular form for all protocols on
the selected device. The device’s total throughput statistics are shown as well as
totals for IP, IPX, NetBEUI and AppleTalk protocols.
Device Stats Tab
The Device Stats tab shows detail statistics in tabular form broken out by sub-
component. Average, minimum and maximum values are displayed in the first row
of data for the selected device. Throughput data for each sub-component of the
device along with the device total are also displayed.
The DeviceStats tab provides detailed statistics for each port.

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Configuring SNMP
You can configure the D-Link SNMP agent to send traps to your SNMP Management
Console to notify you when an adapter fails or is brought back online. The SNMP
agent is automatically loaded if the following conditions are met on initial installation:
•TCP/IP is loaded.*
•SNMP Services are loaded.*
*See your NT Operating System manual for help with configuring TCP/IP and SNMP services.
If the above two conditions were not met when you first installed the software, you
can easily perform an update to install the SNMP Agent.
Configuring SNMP Agent after an Earlier Installation
Step 1
If the load balancing software was installed previously, make sure you now have
both TCP/IP and SNMP services properly installed.
Step 2
Open the Network Control Panel applet and select or highlight the D-Link Transport .
Step 3
Click the Update button in the lower left of the Setup tab.
NOTE: If you install any protocols or services such as TCP/IP or SNMP, you
must reapply any Service Packs and Hot Fixes.
Step 4
Update your SNMP management console (CA Unicenter, Tivoli TNG, etc.) with the D-
Link MIBs. D-Link’s two MIB files (DLINK.MIB and DLINKARRAY.MIP) are located in
the root directory of your CD or diskette. Please refer to your management consoles
documentation for specific instructions.
SNMP Traps
The load balancing software generates SNMP traps to alert administrators of any
changes in the state of an array.
•Adapter Down (Adapter Name and Array Name)
•Adapter Up (Adapter Name and Array Name)
•Down to one adapter (Array Name)
•All adapters in array are down (Array Name)

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Windows NT Event Log Messages
The load balancing software will report all adapter errors and state changes to the
NT Event Log. To view messages in the Event Log, use the Event Viewer supplied by
NT. Examples of all the events generated are shown below:
Downed Adapter:
The adapter <Adapter Name> in <Array Name> has lost network
connectivity and has been removed from the Array.
Array has only one remaining Adapter:
There is only one functioning adapter in <Array Name> left.
All Adapters in Array are down:
All adapters in <Array Name> are down; therefore, users on
this segment can no longer communicate to this computer.
Failed Adapter comes online again:
The adapter <Adapter Name> in <Array Name> has regained
network connectivity and has been inserted back into the
Array.
Adapter has failed multiple times and is permanently removed:
The adapter <Adapter Name> in <Array Name> has lost network
connectivity and has been removed from the Array. The adapter
has gone down <###> times in the past <###> minutes;
therefore, the adapter will not be put back into the array.
It is advisable that you investigate the cause of the lost
connections and possibly replace the adapter or cable.

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Contacting D-Link
For technical assistance, you can reach us via e-mail, fax or phone.