Dell XPS /Dimension Gen 2 Operation and maintenance manual
Dell™Inspiron™Help
Click the links to the left for information on the features and operation of your computer. For information on other documentation included with your computer,
see "Finding Information."
For a complete list of abbreviations and acronyms, see the "Glossary."
IfyoupurchasedaDell™nSeriescomputer,anyreferencesinthisdocumenttoMicrosoft®Windows®operating systems are not applicable.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
©2004DellInc.Allrightsreserved.
Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of Dell Inc. is strictly forbidden.
Trademarks used in this text: Dell, the DELL logo, Dell TravelLite, and Inspiron are trademarks of Dell Inc.; Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation; the Bluetooth word mark and the Bluetooth logos are registered trademarks owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc., U.S.A., and any use of such marks by Dell Inc. is under
license; ENERGY STAR is a registered trademark of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. As an ENERGY STAR partner, Dell Inc. has determined that this product meets the
ENERGY STAR requirements for energy efficiency.
Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. Dell Inc. disclaims any
proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own.
August 2004P/NC5517Rev.A00
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
NOTICE: A NOTICE indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Finding Information
What Are You Looking For?
Find It Here
lHow to set up a printer
lAdditional information about setting up
my computer
lHow to troubleshoot and solve problems
lHow to remove and install parts
lTechnical specifications
lHow to contact Dell
Inspiron Owner's Manual
This document is available as a PDF at support.dell.com.
lWarranty information
lSafety instructions
lRegulatory information
lErgonomics information
lEnd-user license agreement
Dell™ProductInformationGuide
lHow to set up my computer
Setup Diagram
lService Tag and Express Service Code
lMicrosoft Windows License Label
Service Tag and Microsoft Windows License
These labels are located on the bottom of your computer.
lUse the Service Tag to identify your computer when you use support.dell.com or contact technical
support.
lEnter the Express Service Code to direct your call when contacting technical support. The Express
Service Code is not available in all countries.
lLatest drivers for my computer
lAnswers to technical service and
support questions
lOnline discussions with other users and
technical support
lDocumentation for my computer
Dell Support Website —support.dell.com
NOTE: Select your region to view the appropriate support site.
The Dell Support website provides several online tools, including:
lSolutions —Troubleshooting hints and tips, articles from technicians, and online courses
lCommunity —Online discussion with other Dell customers
lUpgrades —Upgrade information for components, such as memory, the hard drive, and the operating
system
lCustomer Care —Contact information, order status, warranty, and repair information
lDownloads —Drivers, patches, and software updates
lReference —Computer documentation, product specifications, and white papers
lHow to use Windows XP
lDocumentation for my computer
lDocumentation for devices (such as a
modem)
Windows Help and Support Center
1. Click the Start button and click Help and Support.
2. Type a word or phrase that describes your problem and click the arrow icon.
3. Click the topic that describes your problem.
4. Follow the instructions on the screen.
Playing CDs and Movies
Playing a CD or DVD
Adjusting the Volume
Adjusting the Picture
Playing a CD or DVD
1. Press the eject button on the front of the drive.
2. Pull the tray out.
3. Place the disc, label side up, in the center of the tray and snap the disc onto the spindle.
4. Push the tray back into the drive.
To format CDs for storing data, to create music CDs, or to copy CDs, see the CD software that came with your computer.
A CD player includes the following basic functions. In addition to accessing these functions through the CD player, you can control some of these functions by
pressing buttons on the front of the computer.
NOTICE: Do not press down on the CD or DVD tray when you open or close it. Keep the tray closed when you are not using the drive.
NOTICE: Do not move the computer when you are playing CDs or DVDs.
NOTE: If you use a module that shipped with another computer, you need to install the drivers and software necessary to play DVDs or write data.
NOTE: Ensure that you follow all copyright laws when you create CDs.
NOTE: For information on creating CDs, see the Owner's Manual for your Dell computer.
Play.
Move backward within the current track.
Pause.
Move forward within the current track.
Stop.
Go to the previous track.
Eject.
A DVD player includes the following basic functions. In addition to accessing these functions through the DVD player, you can control some of these functions
by pressing buttons on the front of the computer.
For more information on playing CDs or DVDs, click Help on the CD or DVD player (if available).
Adjusting the Volume
1. Click the Start button, point to All Programs®Accessories®Entertainment, and then click Volume Control.
2. In the Volume Control window, click and drag the bar in the Volume Control column and slide it up or down to increase or decrease the volume.
For more information on volume control options, click Help in the Volume Control window.
Adjusting the Picture
If an error message notifies you that the current resolution and color depth are using too much memory and preventing DVD playback, adjust the display
properties.
1. Click the Start button and click Control Panel.
2. Under Pick a category, click Appearance and Themes.
3. Under Pick a task..., click Change the screen resolution.
4. In the Display Properties window, click and drag the bar in Screen resolution to change the setting to 1280 by 800 pixels.
5. Click the drop-down menu under Color quality, and then click Medium (16 bit).
6. Click OK.
Go to the next track.
Stop.
Restart the current chapter.
Play.
Fast forward.
Pause.
Fast reverse.
Advance a single frame while in pause mode.
Go to the next title or chapter.
Go to the previous title or chapter.
Eject.
NOTE: When the speakers are muted, you do not hear the CD or DVD playing.
Cleaning Your Computer
Computer, Keyboard, and Display
Touch Pad
Floppy Drive
CDs and DVDs
Computer, Keyboard, and Display
lUse a vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment to gently remove dust from the slots and holes on your computer and from between the keys on the
keyboard.
lMoisten a soft, lint-free cloth with either water or an LCD cleaner, and wipe the display until it is clean.
lMoisten a soft, lint-free cloth with water and wipe the computer and keyboard. Do not allow water from the cloth to seep between the touch pad and
the surrounding palm rest.
Touch Pad
1. Shut down and turn off your computer, disconnect any attached devices, and disconnect them from their electrical outlets.
2. Remove any installed batteries.
3. Moisten a soft, lint-free cloth with water, and wipe it gently across the surface of the touch pad. Do not allow water from the cloth to seep between the
touch pad and the surrounding palm rest.
Floppy Drive
Clean your floppy drive using a commercially available cleaning kit. These kits contain pretreated floppy disks to remove contaminants that accumulate during
normal operation.
CDs and DVDs
If you notice problems, such as skipping, with the playback quality of your CDs or DVDs, try cleaning the discs.
1. Hold the disc by its outer edge. You can also touch the inside edge of the center hole.
2. With a soft, lint-free cloth, gently wipe the bottom of the disc (the unlabeled side) in a straight line from the center to the outer edge of the disc.
For stubborn dirt, try using water or a diluted solution of water and mild soap. You can also purchase commercial products that clean discs and provide
some protection from dust, fingerprints, and scratches. Cleaning products for CDs are safe to use on DVDs.
CAUTION: Before you begin any of the procedures in this section, follow the safety instructions located in the Product Information Guide.
CAUTION: Before you clean your computer, disconnect the computer from the electrical outlet and remove any installed batteries. Clean your
computer with a soft cloth dampened with water. Do not use liquid or aerosol cleaners, which may contain flammable substances.
NOTICE: To avoid damaging the computer or display, do not spray cleaning solution directly onto the display. Only use products specifically designed for
cleaning LCDs, and follow the instructions that are included with the product.
NOTICE: Do not attempt to clean drive heads with a swab. You might accidentally misalign the heads, which prevents the drive from operating.
NOTICE: Always use compressed air to clean the lens in the CD/DVD drive, and follow the instructions that come with the compressed air. Never touch
the lens in the drive.
NOTICE: To prevent damaging the surface, do not wipe in a circular motion around the disc.
Personalizing Your Desktop
Microsoft®Windows®Classic View
Choosing a Wallpaper
Choosing a Screen Saver
Choosing a Desktop Theme
Creating and Arranging Shortcuts
Desktop Cleanup Wizard
Microsoft®Windows®Classic View
You can change the appearance of the Windows desktop, Start menu, and Control Panel so that they look more like previous versions of the Windows
operating system.
Desktop
1. Click the Start button and click Control Panel.
2. Under Pick a category, click Appearance and Themes.
3. Under Pick a task..., click Change the computer's theme.
4. In the Theme drop-down menu, click Windows Classic.
5. Click OK.
Start Menu
1. Right-click the Start button and click Properties.
2. Click the Start Menu tab.
3. Click Classic Start menu and click OK.
Control Panel
1. Click the Start button and click Control Panel.
2. In the left panel, click Switch to Classic View.
Choosing a Wallpaper
You can set background colors and patterns on the Windows desktop by choosing a wallpaper.
1. Click the Start button, click Control Panel, and then click Appearance and Themes.
2. Under Pick a task..., click Change the desktop background.
3. In the Display Properties window, click one of the following options:
lThe name of the wallpaper image
l(None) for no wallpaper image
lBrowse to select a wallpaper image from a directory
4. To select the placement of your wallpaper on your desktop, click one of the following options in the Position drop-down menu:
lTile to place multiple copies of an image across the screen
lCenter to place a single copy of an image in the center of the screen
lStretch to place a single copy of an image to fit the size of the screen
NOTE: TheproceduresinthisdocumentwerewrittenfortheWindowsdefaultview,sotheymaynotworkifyousetyourDell™computertothe
Windows classic view.
NOTE: You can choose either an HTML file or any image file, such as a bitmap or JPEG file, as a wallpaper.
5. Click OK to accept the settings and close the Display Properties window.
Choosing a Screen Saver
1. Click the Start button, click Control Panel, and then click Appearance and Themes.
2. Under Pick a task..., click Choose a screen saver.
3. Choose a screen saver from the Screen Saver drop-down menu or click (None) if you prefer not to activate a screen saver.
If you select a screen saver, you can click Settings to change the various features of the screen saver.
4. Click Preview to run the currently selected screen saver and press <Esc> to cancel the preview.
5. Click OK to accept the settings and close the Display Properties window.
Choosing a Desktop Theme
To change the appearance of your desktop and add sound effects by using desktop themes:
1. Click the Start button, click Control Panel, and then click Appearance and Themes.
2. Under Pick a task..., click Change the computer's theme.
3. In the Display Properties window, select a theme from the Theme drop-down menu.
4. Click OK.
Creating and Arranging Shortcuts
A shortcut is an icon on the desktop that provides quick access to programs, files, folders, and drives you might frequently use.
Creating Shortcuts
1. Open Windows Explorer or My Computer and find the file, program, or drive for which you want to create a shortcut.
2. Right-click and drag the highlighted item to the Windows desktop.
3. Click Create Shortcut(s) Here in the pop-up menu.
You can double-click the shortcut icon that appears on your desktop to open the item.
Arranging Shortcuts
To move a shortcut, click and drag the shortcut to the desired location.
To arrange all the shortcut icons at one time:
1. Right-click an empty spot on the Windows desktop to display a pop-up menu.
2. Point to Arrange Icons By and click the option for the icon arrangement you prefer.
Desktop Cleanup Wizard
Your computer is set up to use the Desktop Cleanup Wizard to move programs that are not frequently used to a designated folder 7 days after you first start
your computer and every 60 days after that. The appearance of the Start menu changes as programs are moved.
To turn off the Desktop Cleanup Wizard, perform the following steps.
NOTE: If you cannot see your desktop, minimize any open windows to make your desktop visible.
1. Right-click an empty spot on the desktop and click Properties.
2. Click the Desktop tab and click Customize Desktop.
3. Click Run Desktop Cleanup Wizard every 60 days to remove the check mark.
4. Click OK.
To run the Desktop Cleanup Wizard at any time:
1. Right-click an empty spot on the desktop and click Properties.
2. Click the Desktop tab and click Customize Desktop.
3. Click Clean Desktop Now.
4. When the Desktop Cleanup Wizard appears, click Next.
5. In the list of shortcuts, deselect any shortcuts you want to leave on the desktop and click Next.
6. Click Finish to remove the shortcuts and close the wizard.
NOTE: You can run the Desktop Cleanup Wizard any time by clicking Clean Desktop Now under Run Desktop Cleanup Wizard every 60 days.
Using the Display
Adjusting Brightness
Switching the Video Image
Setting Display Resolution
Adjusting Brightness
WhentheDell™computerisrunningonbatterypower,youcanconservepowerbysettingthebrightnesstothelowestcomfortablesettingbypressing<Fn>
and the up-or down-arrow key on the keyboard.
Switching the Video Image
When you start the computer with an external device (such as an external monitor or projector) attached and turned on, the image may appear on either the
computer display or the external device.
Press <Fn><F8> to switch the video image to the display only, the external device only, or the display and the external device simultaneously.
Setting Display Resolution
To display a program at a specific resolution, both the graphics card and the display must support the program, and the necessary video drivers must be
installed.
Before you change any of the default display settings, make a note of the default settings for future reference.
If you choose a resolution or color palette that is higher than the display supports, the settings adjust automatically to the closest possible setting.
1. Click the Start button and click Control Panel.
2. Under Pick a category, click Appearance and Themes.
3. Under Pick a task..., click the area you want to change, or under or pick a Control Panel icon, click Display.
4. Try different settings for Color quality and Screen resolution.
NOTE: As the resolution increases, icons and text appear smaller on the screen.
Working With Files
Updating Antivirus Software
To protect your computer against viruses, regularly update your antivirus software as described in the software documentation and load updates immediately.
Backing Up Files
To prevent or minimize data loss, back up your hard drive at least weekly and back up daily those files that have changed. CD-RW drives are devices that can
back up large amounts of data to CD-R or CD-RW discs. Use these drives and their associated backup software as backup devices. Depending on the size of
the data files, you can also use floppy disks as backup devices. Any software you purchase comes with floppy disks or CDs.
Finding Files
1. Click the Start button and click Search.
2. Under what do you want to search for?, click All files and folders.
3. Under Search by any or all of the criteria below, type the name of the file or folder you want to find in the appropriate field.
4. Specify where you want the Microsoft®Windows®XP operating system to search by clicking the Look in drop-down menu.
5. Click Search.
The files that meet your search criteria are listed in the Search Results window.
Copying Files
Using My Computer:
1. Click the Start button and click My Computer.
2. Locate the file you want to copy and click the file to select (highlight) it.
3. Under File and Folder Tasks, click Copy this file.
4. In the Copy Items window, open the folder into which you want to copy the file.
5. Click Copy.
Using Windows Explorer:
1. Right-click the Start button and click Explore to open Windows Explorer.
2. Locate the file you want to copy and click the file to select (highlight) it.
3. Click the Edit menu and click Copy.
Updating Antivirus Software
Backing Up Files
Finding Files
Copying Files
Moving Files
Renaming Files
Deleting Files
Retrieving Files From the Recycle Bin
Emptying the Recycle Bin
NOTICE: Scan for viruses before installing any software from unlicensed sources, either downloaded from the Internet or from floppy disks. Make
regular backups of your data in case a virus infects your computer.
NOTE: In case of warranty replacement of your hard drive, you will receive a blank, formatted drive from Dell. You will need to reinstall programs and
restore data files to the new drive.
NOTE: If you do not specify a directory, Windows searches the entire hard drive (or drive C partition).
4. Locate and open the folder into which you want to copy the file.
5. Click the Edit menu and click Paste.
Moving Files
Using My Computer:
1. Click the Start button and click My Computer.
2. Locate the file you want to move, and click the file to select (highlight) it.
3. Click Move this file.
4. In the Move Items window, click the folder into which you want to move the file.
5. Click Move.
Using Windows Explorer:
1. Right-click the Start button and click Explore to open Windows Explorer.
2. Locate the file you want to move and click the file to select (highlight) it.
3. Click the Edit menu and click Cut.
4. Locate and open the folder into which you want to move the file.
5. Click the Edit menu and click Paste.
Renaming Files
1. Use Windows Explorer or My Computer to locate the file you want to rename, and click the file to select (highlight) it.
2. Click the File menu and click Rename.
3. Type the new filename and press <Enter>.
Deleting Files
1. Use Windows Explorer or My Computer to locate the file you want to delete, and click the file to select (highlight) it.
2. Click the File menu and click Delete.
3. Click Yes to send the file to the Recycle Bin.
If you accidentally delete a file, see "Retrieving Files From the Recycle Bin."
Retrieving Files From the Recycle Bin
When you delete a file, it moves to the Recycle Bin and remains there until you empty the Recycle Bin. To retrieve a file:
1. Double-click the Recycle Bin icon, .
The Recycle Bin window appears and lists all deleted files, their previous locations, and the dates you deleted them.
NOTICE: Do not move any files that are part of an installed program. Doing so may make the program unusable.
NOTICE: When you type the new filename, do not change the filename extension (the last three characters after the period). Doing so may render the
file unusable.
NOTICE: Do not delete any files that are part of an installed program. Doing so may render the program unusable.
NOTICE: Files deleted from a floppy disk or from a network are erased permanently. They are not sent to the Recycle Bin.
2. Click the file you want to retrieve, click the File menu, and then click Restore.
The file disappears from the Recycle Bin and is moved to its previous location.
Emptying the Recycle Bin
Deleted files remain in the Recycle Bin and occupy space on the hard drive until you empty them from the Recycle Bin.
1. Double-click the Recycle Bin icon, .
The Recycle Bin window appears and lists all deleted files, their previous locations, and the date you deleted them.
2. Click the File menu and click Empty Recycle Bin. You can also click Empty Recycle Bin under Recycle Bin Tasks.
3. When a confirmation dialog box appears, click Yes to delete the file(s).
All files disappear from the Recycle Bin and are permanently removed from your computer.
NOTICE: Files deleted from a floppy disk or from a network are erased permanently. They are not sent to the Recycle Bin.
Glossary
A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T U V W X Z
Terms in this Glossary are provided for informational purposes only and may or may not describe features included with your particular computer.
A
AC —alternating current —The form of electricity that powers your computer when you plug the AC adapter power cable in to an electrical outlet.
ACPI —advanced configuration and power interface —A power management specification that enables Microsoft®Windows®operating systems to put a
computer in standby or hibernate mode to conserve the amount of electrical power allocated to each device attached to the computer.
AGP —accelerated graphics port —A dedicated graphics port that allows system memory to be used for video-related tasks. AGP delivers a smooth, true-
color
video image because of the faster interface between the video circuitry and the computer memory.
antivirus software —A program designed to identify, quarantine, and/or delete viruses from your computer.
APR —advanced port replicator —A docking device that allows you to conveniently use a monitor, keyboard, mouse, and other devices with your portable
computer.
ASF —alert standards format —A standard to define a mechanism for reporting hardware and software alerts to a management console. ASF is designed to
be platform- and operating system-independent.
B
backup —A copy of a program or data file on a floppy disk, CD, or hard drive. As a precaution, back up the data files from your hard drive regularly.
battery —An internal power source used to operate portable computers when not connected to an AC adapter and an electrical outlet.
battery life span —The length of time (years) during which a portable computer battery is able to be depleted and recharged.
battery operating time —The length of time (minutes or hours) that a portable computer battery holds a charge while powering the computer.
BIOS —basic input/output system —A program (or utility) that serves as an interface between the computer hardware and the operating system. Unless you
understand what effect the settings have on the computer, do not change the settings for this program. Also referred to as system setup.
bit —The smallest unit of data interpreted by your computer.
Bluetooth®wireless technology —A wireless technology standard for short-range (9-m [29-feet]) networking devices that allows for enabled devices to
automatically recognize each other.
boot sequence —Specifies the order of the devices from which the computer attempts to boot.
bootable CD —A CD that you can use to start your computer. In case your hard drive is damaged or your computer has a virus, ensure that you always have
a bootable CD or floppy disk available.
bootable disk —A disk that you can use to start your computer. In case your hard drive is damaged or your computer has a virus, ensure that you always
have a bootable CD or floppy disk available.
bps —bits per second —The standard unit for measuring data transmission speed.
BTU —British thermal unit —A measurement of heat output.
bus —A communication pathway between the components in your computer.
bus speed —The speed, given in MHz, that indicates how fast a bus can transfer information.
byte —The basic data unit used by your computer. A byte is usually equal to 8 bits.
C
C—Celsius —Atemperaturemeasurementsystemwhere0°isthefreezingpointand100°istheboilingpointofwater.
cache —A special high-speed storage mechanism which can be either a reserved section of main memory or an independent high-speed storage device. The
cache enhances the efficiency of many processor operations.
L1 cache —Primary cache stored inside the processor.
L2 cache —Secondary cache which can either be external to the processor or incorporated into the processor architecture.
carnet —An international customs document that facilitates temporary imports into foreign countries. Also known as a merchandise passport.
CD —compact disc —An optical form of storage media, typically used for audio and software programs.
CD drive —A drive that uses optical technology to read data from CDs.
CD player —The software used to play music CDs. The CD player displays a window with buttons that you use to play a CD.
CD-R —CD recordable —A recordable version of a CD. Data can be recorded only once onto a CD-R. Once recorded, the data cannot be erased or written
over.
CD-RW —CD rewritable —A rewritable version of a CD. Data can be written to a CD-RW disc, and then erased and written over (rewritten).
CD-RW drive —A drive that can read CDs and write to CD-RW (rewritable CDs) and CD-R (recordable CDs) discs. You can write to CD-RW discs multiple times,
but you can write to CD-R discs only once.
CD-RW/DVD drive —A drive, sometimes referred to as a combo drive, that can read CDs and DVDs and write to CD-RW (rewritable CDs) and CD-R
(recordable CDs) discs. You can write to CD-RW discs multiple times, but you can write to CD-R discs only once.
clock speed —The speed, given in MHz, that indicates how fast computer components that are connected to the system bus operate.
COA —Certificate of Authenticity —The Windows alpha-
numeric code located on a sticker on your computer. You may need the COA to complete the operating
system setup or reinstallation. Also referred to as the Product Key or Product ID.
Control Panel —A Windows utility that allows you to modify operating system and hardware settings, such as display settings.
controller —A chip that controls the transfer of data between the processor and memory or between the processor and devices.
CRIMM —continuity rambus in-line memory module —A special module that has no memory chips and is used to fill unused RIMM slots.
cursor —The marker on a display or screen that shows where the next keyboard, touch pad, or mouse action will occur. It often is a blinking solid line, an
underline character, or a small arrow.
D
DDR SDRAM —double-data-rate SDRAM —A type of SDRAM that doubles the data burst cycle, improving system performance.
device —Hardware such as a disk drive, printer, or keyboard that is installed in or connected to your computer.
device driver —See driver.
DIN connector —A round, six-pin connector that conforms to DIN (Deutsche Industrie-
Norm) standards; it is typically used to connect PS/2 keyboard or mouse
cable connectors.
disk striping —A technique for spreading data over multiple disk drives. Disk striping can speed up operations that retrieve data from disk storage.
Computers that use disk striping generally allow the user to select the data unit size or stripe width.
DMA —direct memory access —A channel that allows certain types of data transfer between RAM and a device to bypass the processor.
docking device —See APR.
DMTF —Distributed Management Task Force —A consortium of hardware and software companies who develop management standards for distributed
desktop, network, enterprise, and Internet environments.
domain —A group of computers, programs, and devices on a network that are administered as a unit with common rules and procedures for use by a specific
group of users. A user logs on to the domain to gain access to the resources.
DRAM —dynamic random-access memory —Memory that stores information in integrated circuits containing capacitors.
driver —Software that allows the operating system to control a device such as a printer. Many devices do not work properly if the correct driver is not
installed in the computer.
DSL —Digital Subscriber Line —A technology that provides a constant, high-speed Internet connection through an analog telephone line.
dual display mode —A display setting that allows you to use a second monitor as an extension of your display. Also referred to as extended display mode.
DVD —digital versatile disc —A disc usually used to store movies. DVDs are double-sided, whereas CDs are single-sided. DVD drives read most CD media as
well.
DVD drive —A drive that uses optical technology to read data from DVDs and CDs.
DVD player —The software used to watch DVD movies. The DVD player displays a window with buttons that you use to watch a movie.
DVD+RW —DVD rewritable —A rewritable version of a DVD. Data can be written to a DVD+RW disc, and then erased and written over (rewritten). (DVD+RW
technology is different from DVD-RW technology.)
DVD+RW drive —drive that can read DVDs and most CD media and write to DVD+RW (rewritable DVDs) discs.
DVI —digital video interface —A standard for digital transmission between a computer and a digital video display; the DVI adapter works through the
computer's integrated graphics.
E
ECC —error checking and correction —A type of memory that includes special circuitry for testing the accuracy of data as it passes in and out of memory.
ECP —extended capabilities port —
A parallel connector design that provides improved bidirectional data transmission. Similar to EPP, ECP uses direct memory
access to transfer data and often improves performance.
EIDE —enhanced integrated device electronics —An improved version of the IDE interface for hard drives and CD drives.
EMI —electromagnetic interference —Electrical interference caused by electromagnetic radiation.
ENERGY STAR®—Environmental Protection Agency requirements that decrease the overall consumption of electricity.
EPP —enhanced parallel port —A parallel connector design that provides bidirectional data transmission.
ESD —electrostatic discharge —A rapid discharge of static electricity. ESD can damage integrated circuits found in computer and communications equipment.
expansion card —A circuit board that installs in an expansion slot on the system board in some computers, expanding the capabilities of the computer.
Examples include video, modem, and sound cards.
expansion slot —A connector on the system board (in some computers) where you insert an expansion card, connecting it to the system bus.
Express Service Code —AnumericcodelocatedonastickeronyourDell™computer.UsetheExpressServiceCodewhencontactingDellforassistance.
Express Service Code service may not be available in some countries.
extended display mode —A display setting that allows you to use a second monitor as an extension of your display. Also referred to as dual display mode.
extended PC Card —A PC Card that extends beyond the edge of the PC Card slot when installed.
F
Fahrenheit —Atemperaturemeasurementsystemwhere32°isthefreezingpointand212°istheboilingpointofwater.
FCC —Federal Communications Commission —A U.S. agency responsible for enforcing communications-related regulations that state how much radiation
computers and other electronic equipment can emit.
floppy drive —A disk drive that can read and write to floppy disks.
folder —A term used to describe space on a disk or drive where files are organized and grouped. Files in a folder can be viewed and ordered in various ways,
such as alphabetically, by date, and by size.
format —The process that prepares a drive or disk for file storage. When a drive or disk is formatted, the existing information on it is lost.
FSB —front side bus —The data path and physical interface between the processor and RAM.
FTP —file transfer protocol —A standard Internet protocol used to exchange files between computers connected to the Internet.
G
G—gravity —A measurement of weight and force.
GB —gigabyte —A measurement of data storage that equals 1024 MB (1,073,741,824 bytes). When used to refer to hard drive storage, the term is often
rounded to 1,000,000,000 bytes.
GHz —gigahertz —A measurement of frequency that equals one thousand million Hz, or one thousand MHz. The speeds for computer processors, buses, and
interfaces are often measured in GHz.
graphics mode —A video mode that can be defined as xhorizontal pixels by yvertical pixels by zcolors. Graphics modes can display an unlimited variety of
shapes and fonts.
GUI —graphical user interface —Software that interacts with the user by means of menus, windows, and icons. Most programs that operate on the Windows
operating systems are GUIs.
H
hard drive —A drive that reads and writes data on a hard disk. The terms hard drive and hard disk are often used interchangeably.
heat sink —A metal plate on some processors that helps dissipate heat.
help file —A file that contains descriptive or instructional information about a product. Some help files are associated with a particular program, such as Help
in
Microsoft Word. Other help files function as stand-alone reference sources. Help files typically have a filename extension of .hlp or .chm.
hibernate mode —A power management mode that saves everything in memory to a reserved space on the hard drive and then turns off the computer.
When you restart the computer, the memory information that was saved to the hard drive is automatically restored.
HTML —hypertext markup language —A set of codes inserted into an Internet web page intended for display on an Internet browser.
HTTP —hypertext transfer protocol —A protocol for exchanging files between computers connected to the Internet.
Hz —hertz —A unit of frequency measurement that equals 1 cycle per second. Computers and electronic devices are often measured in kilohertz (kHz),
megahertz (MHz), gigahertz (GHz), or terahertz (THz).
I
IC —Industry Canada —The Canadian regulatory body responsible for regulating emissions from electronic equipment, much as the FCC does in the United
States.
IC —integrated circuit —A semiconductor wafer, or chip, on which thousands or millions of tiny electronic components are fabricated for use in computer,
audio, and video equipment.
IDE —integrated device electronics —An interface for mass storage devices in which the controller is integrated into the hard drive or CD drive.
IEEE 1394 —Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. —A high-performance serial bus used to connect IEEE 1394-compatible devices, such as
digital cameras and DVD players, to the computer.
infrared sensor —A port that allows you to transfer data between the computer and infrared-compatible devices without using a cable connection.
integrated —Usually refers to components that are physically located on the computer's system board. Also referred to as built-in.
I/O —input/output —An operation or device that enters and extracts data from your computer. Keyboards and printers are I/O devices.
I/O address —An address in RAM that is associated with a specific device (such as a serial connector, parallel connector, or expansion slot) and allows the
processor to communicate with that device.
IrDA —Infrared Data Association —The organization that creates international standards for infrared communications.
IRQ —interrupt request —
An electronic pathway assigned to a specific device so that the device can communicate with the processor. Each device connection
must be assigned an IRQ. Although two devices can share the same IRQ assignment, you cannot operate both devices simultaneously.
ISP —Internet service provider —A company that allows you to access its host server to connect directly to the Internet, send and receive e-mail, and access
websites. The ISP typically provides you with a software package, user name, and access phone numbers for a fee.
K
Kb —kilobit —A unit of data that equals 1024 bits. A measurement of the capacity of memory integrated circuits.
KB —kilobyte —A unit of data that equals 1024 bytes but is often referred to as 1000 bytes.
key combination —A command requiring you to press multiple keys at the same time.
kHz —kilohertz —A measurement of frequency that equals 1000 Hz.
L
LAN —local area network —A computer network covering a small area. A LAN usually is confined to a building or a few nearby buildings. A LAN can be
connected to another LAN over any distance through telephone lines and radio waves to form a wide area network (WAN).
LCD —liquid crystal display —The technology used by portable computer and flat-panel displays.
LED —light-emitting diode —An electronic component that emits light to indicate the status of the computer.
local bus —A data bus that provides a fast throughput for devices to the processor.
LPT —line print terminal —The designation for a parallel connection to a printer or other parallel device.
M
Mb —megabit —A measurement of memory chip capacity that equals 1024 Kb.
Mbps —megabits per second —One million bits per second. This measurement is typically used for transmission speeds for networks and modems.
MB —megabyte —Ameasurementofdatastoragethatequals1,048,576bytes.1MBequals1024KB.Whenusedtorefertoharddrivestorage,thetermis
often rounded to 1,000,000 bytes.
MB/sec —megabytes per second —One million bytes per second. This measurement is typically used for data transfer ratings.
memory —A temporary data storage area inside your computer. Because the data in memory is not permanent, it is recommended that you frequently save
your files while you are working on them, and always save your files before you shut down the computer. Your computer can contain several different forms of
memory, such as RAM, ROM, and video memory. Frequently, the word memory is used as a synonym for RAM.
memory address —A specific location where data is temporarily stored in RAM.
memory mapping —The process by which the computer assigns memory addresses to physical locations at start-up. Devices and software can then identify
information that the processor can access.
memory module —A small circuit board containing memory chips, which connects to the system board.
MHz —megahertz —A measure of frequency that equals 1 million cycles per second. The speeds for computer processors, buses, and interfaces are often
measured in MHz.
modem —
A device that allows your computer to communicate with other computers over analog telephone lines. Three types of modems include: external, PC
Card, and internal. You typically use your modem to connect to the Internet and exchange e-mail.
module bay —Abaythatsupportsdevicessuchasopticaldrives,asecondbattery,oraDellTravelLite™module.
monitor —The high-resolution TV-like device that displays computer output.
mouse —A pointing device that controls the movement of the cursor on your screen. Typically you roll the mouse over a hard, flat surface to move the pointer
or cursor on your screen.
ms —millisecond —A measure of time that equals one thousandth of a second. Access times of storage devices are often measured in ms.
N
network adapter —
A chip that provides network capabilities. A computer may include a network adapter on its system board, or it may contain a PC Card with
an adapter on it. A network adapter is also referred to as a NIC (network interface controller).
NIC —See network adapter.
notification area —The section of the Windows taskbar that contains icons for providing quick access to programs and computer functions, such as the clock,
volume control, and print status. Also referred to as system tray.
ns —nanosecond —A measure of time that equals one billionth of a second.
NVRAM —nonvolatile random access memory —
A type of memory that stores data when the computer is turned off or loses its external power source. NVRAM
is used for maintaining computer configuration information such as date, time, and other system setup options that you can set.
O
optical drive —A drive that uses optical technology to read or write data from CDs, DVDs, or DVD+RWs. Example of optical drives include CD drives, DVD
drives, CD-RW drives, and CD-RW/DVD combo drives.
P
parallel connector —An I/O port often used to connect a parallel printer to your computer. Also referred to as an LPT port.
partition —A physical storage area on a hard drive that is assigned to one or more logical storage areas known as logical drives. Each partition can contain
multiple logical drives.
PC Card —A removable I/O card adhering to the PCMCIA standard. Modems and network adapters are common types of PC Cards.
PCI —peripheral component interconnect —PCI is a local bus that supports 32-and 64-bit data paths, providing a high-speed data path between the
processor and devices such as video, drives, and networks.
PCMCIA —Personal Computer Memory Card International Association —The organization that establishes standards for PC Cards.
PIN —personal identification number —A sequence of numerals and/or letters used to restrict unauthorized access to computer networks and other secure
systems.
PIO —programmed input/output —A method of transferring data between two devices through the processor as part of the data path.
pixel —
A single point on a display screen. Pixels are arranged in rows and columns to create an image. A video resolution, such as 800 x 600, is expressed as
the number of pixels across by the number of pixels up and down.
Plug-and-Play —The ability of the computer to automatically configure devices. Plug and Play provides automatic installation, configuration, and compatibility
with existing hardware if the BIOS, operating system, and all devices are Plug and Play compliant.
POST —power-on self-test —Diagnostics programs, loaded automatically by the BIOS, that perform basic tests on the major computer components, such as
memory, hard drives, and video. If no problems are detected during POST, the computer continues the start-up.
processor —A computer chip that interprets and executes program instructions. Sometimes the processor is referred to as the CPU (central processing unit).
program —Any software that processes data for you, including spreadsheet, word processor, database, and game packages. Programs require an operating
system to run.
PS/2 —personal system/2 —A type of connector for attaching a PS/2-compatible keyboard, mouse, or keypad.
PXE —pre-boot execution environment —
A WfM (Wired for Management) standard that allows networked computers that do not have an operating system to
be configured and started remotely.
R
RAID —redundant array of independent disks —Amethodofprovidingdataredundancy.SomecommonimplementationsofRAIDincludeRAID0,RAID1,
RAID5,RAID10,andRAID50.
RAM —random-access memory —The primary temporary storage area for program instructions and data. Any information stored in RAM is lost when you shut
down your computer.
readme file —A text file included with a software package or hardware product. Typically, readme files provide installation information and describe new
product enhancements or corrections that have not yet been documented.
read-only —Data and/or files you can view but cannot edit or delete. A file can have read-only status if:
lIt resides on a physically write-protected floppy disk, CD, or DVD.
lIt is located on a network in a directory and the system administrator has assigned rights only to specific individuals.
refresh rate —The frequency, measured in Hz, at which your screen's horizontal lines are recharged (sometimes also referred to as its vertical frequency). The
higher the refresh rate, the less video flicker can be seen by the human eye.
resolution —The sharpness and clarity of an image produced by a printer or displayed on a monitor. The higher the resolution, the sharper the image.
RFI —radio frequency interference —
Interference that is generated at typical radio frequencies, in the range of 10 kHz to 100,000 MHz. Radio frequencies are
at the lower end of the electromagnetic frequency spectrum and are more likely to have interference than the higher frequency radiations, such as infrared
and light.
ROM —read-only memory —Memory that stores data and programs that cannot be deleted or written to by the computer. ROM, unlike RAM, retains its
contents after you shut down your computer. Some programs essential to the operation of your computer reside in ROM.
RPM —revolutions per minute —The number of rotations that occur per minute. Hard drive speed is often measured in rpm.
RTC —real time clock —Battery-powered clock on the system board that keeps the date and time after you shut down the computer.
RTCRST —real-time clock reset —A jumper on the system board of some computers that can often be used for troubleshooting problems.
S
ScanDisk —A Microsoft utility that checks files, folders, and the hard disk's surface for errors. ScanDisk often runs when you restart the computer after it has
stopped responding.
SDRAM —synchronous dynamic random-access memory —A type of DRAM that is synchronized with the optimal clock speed of the processor.
serial connector —An I/O port often used to connect devices such as a handheld digital device or digital camera to your computer.
Service Tag —A bar code label on your computer that identifies your computer when you access Dell Support at support.dell.com or when you call Dell for
customer service or technical support.
setup program —A program that is used to install and configure hardware and software. The setup.exe or install.exe program comes with most Windows
software packages. Setup program differs from system setup.
shortcut —An icon that provides quick access to frequently used programs, files, folders, and drives. When you place a shortcut on your Windows desktop
and double-click the icon, you can open its corresponding folder or file without having to find it first. Shortcut icons do not change the location of files. If you
delete a shortcut, the original file is not affected. Also, you can rename a shortcut icon.
shutdown —The process of closing windows and exiting programs, exiting the operating system, and turning off your computer. You can lose data if you turn
off your computer before completing a shutdown.
smart card —A card that is embedded with a processor and a memory chip. Smart cards can be used to authenticate a user on computers equipped for smart
cards.
software —Anything that can be stored electronically, such as computer files or programs.
S/PDIF —Sony/Philips Digital Interface —An audio transfer file format that allows the transfer of audio from one file to another without converting it to and
from an analog format, which could degrade the quality of the file.
standby mode —A power management mode that shuts down all unnecessary computer operations to save energy.
surge protectors —Prevent voltage spikes, such as those that may occur during an electrical storm, from entering the computer through the electrical outlet.
Surge protectors do not protect against lightning strikes or against brownouts, which occur when the voltage drops more than 20 percent below the normal
AC-line voltage level.
Network connections cannot be protected by surge protectors. Always disconnect the network cable from the network connector during electrical storms.
SVGA —super-video graphics array —A video standard for video cards and controllers. Typical SVGA resolutions are 800 x 600 and 1024 x 768.
The number of colors and resolution that a program displays depends on the capabilities of the monitor, the video controller and its drivers, and the amount of
video memory installed in the computer.
S-video TV-out —A connector used to attach a TV or digital audio device to the computer.
SXGA —super-extended graphics array —A video standard for video cards and controllers that supports resolutions up to 1280 x 1024.
SXGA+ —super-extended graphics array plus —A video standard for video cards and controllers that supports resolutions up to 1400 x 1050.
system board —The main circuit board in your computer. Also known as the motherboard.
system setup —A utility that serves as an interface between the computer hardware and the operating system. System setup allows you to configure user-
selectable options in the BIOS, such as date and time or system password. Unless you understand what effect the settings have on the computer, do not
change the settings for this program.
system tray —See notification area.
T
TAPI —telephony application programming interface —Enables Windows programs to operate with a wide variety of telephony devices, including voice, data,
fax, and video.
text editor —A program used to create and edit files that contain only text; for example, Windows Notepad uses a text editor. Text editors do not usually
provide word wrap or formatting functionality (the option to underline, change fonts, and so on).
travel module —A plastic device designed to fit inside the module bay of a portable computer to reduce the weight of the computer.
U
UPS —uninterruptible power supply —A backup power source used when the electrical power fails or drops to an unacceptable voltage level. A UPS keeps a
computer running for a limited amount of time when there is no electrical power. UPS systems typically provide surge suppression and may also provide
voltage regulation. Small UPS systems provide battery power for a few minutes to enable you to shut down your computer.
USB —universal serial bus —A hardware interface for a low-speed device such as a USB-compatible keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner, set of speakers,
printer, broadband devices (DSL and cable modems), imaging devices, or storage devices. Devices are plugged directly in to a 4-pin socket on your computer
or in to a multi-
port hub that plugs in to your computer. USB devices can be connected and disconnected while the computer is turned on, and they can also be
daisy-chained together.
UTP —unshielded twisted pair —Describes a type of cable used in most telephone networks and some computer networks. Pairs of unshielded wires are
twisted to protect against electromagnetic interference, rather than relying on a metal sheath around each pair of wires to protect against interference.
UXGA —ultra extended graphics array —A video standard for video cards and controllers that supports resolutions up to 1600 x 1200.
V
video controller —The circuitry on a video card or on the system board (in computers with an integrated video controller) that provides the video
capabilities—in combination with the monitor—for your computer.
video memory —Memory that consists of memory chips dedicated to video functions. Video memory is usually faster than system memory. The amount of
video memory installed primarily influences the number of colors that a program can display.
video mode —A mode that describes how text and graphics are displayed on a monitor. Graphics-based software, such as Windows operating systems,
displays in video modes that can be defined as xhorizontal pixels by yvertical pixels by zcolors. Character-based software, such as text editors, displays in
video modes that can be defined as xcolumns by yrows of characters.
video resolution —See resolution.
virus —A program that is designed to inconvenience you or to destroy data stored on your computer. A virus program moves from one computer to another
through an infected disk, software downloaded from the Internet, or e-mail attachments. When an infected program starts, its embedded virus also starts.
A common type of virus is a boot virus, which is stored in the boot sectors of a floppy disk. If the floppy disk is left in the drive when the computer is shut down
and then turned on, the computer is infected when it reads the boot sectors of the floppy disk expecting to find the operating system. If the computer is
infected, the boot virus may replicate itself onto all the floppy disks that are read or written in that computer until the virus is eradicated.
V—volt —The measurement of electric potential or electromotive force. One V appears across a resistance of 1 ohm when a current of 1 ampere flows
through that resistance.
W
W—watt —The measurement of electrical power. One W is 1 ampere of current flowing at 1 volt.
WHr —watt-hour —A unit of measure commonly used to indicate the approximate capacity of a battery. For example, a 66-WHr battery can supply 66 W of
power for 1 hour or 33 W for 2 hours.
wallpaper —The background pattern or picture on the Windows desktop. Change your wallpaper through the Windows Control Panel. You can also scan in
your favorite picture and make it wallpaper.
write-protected —Files or media that cannot be changed. Use write-protection when you want to protect data from being changed or destroyed. To write-
protect a 3.5-inch floppy disk, slide its write-protect tab to the open position.
WXGA —wide-aspect extended graphics array —A video standard for video cards and controllers that supports resolutions up to 1280 x 800.
X
XGA —extended graphics array —A video standard for video cards and controllers that supports resolutions up to 1024 x 768.
Z
ZIF —zero insertion force —A type of socket or connector that allows a computer chip to be installed or removed with no stress applied to either the chip or
its socket.
Zip —A popular data compression format. Files that have been compressed with the Zip format are called Zip files and usually have a filename extension
of .zip. A special kind of zipped file is a self-extracting file, which has a filename extension of .exe. You can unzip a self-extracting file by double-clicking it.
Zip drive —A high-capacity floppy drive developed by Iomega Corporation that uses 3.5-
inch removable disks called Zip disks. Zip disks are slightly larger than
regular floppy disks, about twice as thick, and hold up to 100 MB of data.
If Your Computer Stops Responding
Your Computer Stops Responding
A Program Stops Responding
Your Computer Stops Responding
If your computer does not respond to keyboard, mouse, or touch pad commands:
1. Press and hold the power button for at least 8 to 10 seconds until the computer turns off.
2. After the computer turns off, press the power button again to turn on the computer.
A Program Stops Responding
1. Simultaneously press <Ctrl><Shift><Esc>.
2. Click the Applications tab and select the program that is no longer responding.
3. Click End Task.
NOTICE: To avoid losing data, shut down your computer by performing a Microsoft®Windows®operating system shutdown through the Start menu
rather than by pressing the power button.
NOTE: The chkdsk program may run when you restart the computer. Follow the instructions on the screen.
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