DISCOVER ELEMENT User manual

1
ELEMENT ESS INSTALLATION
AND OPERATION MANUAL
805-0043 REV B
BATTERY MODELS
48-48-5120
48-48-5120-H

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1. AUDIENCE, SAFETY, MESSAGES, AND WARNINGS ......................................3
1.1 Audience.................................................................3
1.2 Warning, Caution, Notice, and Note Messages ..................................3
1.3 General Warnings .........................................................4
1.4 Safe Handling Procedures...................................................5
1.5 Personal Protective Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
2. ITEMS SHIPPED IN THE BOX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3. SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................6
3.1 Electrical Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
3.2 Mechanical Specifications...................................................7
3.3 Environmental Specifications ................................................8
3.4 Protections Specifications...................................................8
3.5 Internal Heating Specifications..............................................10
3.6 Minimum Specifications for Discover Battery Module Systems ...................10
3.7 Regulatory ..............................................................11
4. TRANSPORTATION ................................................................. 11
5. HANDLING ........................................................................ 11
6. FEATURES ......................................................................... 12
6.1 Battery Module Breaker....................................................12
6.2 Battery Module ON/OFF Key ................................................13
6.3 At-a-glance LED ..........................................................13
6.4 LYNK Port ...............................................................13
6.5 Equipment Ground .......................................................14
7. THEORY OF OPERATION............................................................. 14
7.1 Ingress Protection IP20 ....................................................14
7.2 Internal Heating (48-48-5120-H) .............................................15
7.3 Battery Management System ..............................................15
7.4 LYNK Network Communication .............................................17
8. OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES ........................................................... 18
9. INSTALLATION ..................................................................... 18
9.1 Tools ...................................................................18
9.2 Location ................................................................19
9.3 DC Cables ...............................................................20
9.4 DC Protection ............................................................20
9.5 Terminal Connections and Hardware .........................................21
9.6 Single Battery Module Installation Procedure..................................21
9.7 Parallel Battery Module Installation Procedure .................................23
9.8 LYNK Network ...........................................................25
10. OPERATION ....................................................................... 26
10.1 Low Voltage Cut-Off .......................................................26
10.2 State of Charge ..........................................................26
10.3 Charging ................................................................27
10.4 Charging Profile ..........................................................28
11. ROUTINE INSPECTION ............................................................. 30
12. STORAGE ......................................................................... 30
13. BATTERY MODULE FIRMWARE AND DATA LOGS ....................................... 31
14. TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................................ 31
15. RELATED INFORMATION ............................................................ 31
16. GLOSSARY OF TERMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND ACRONYMS ............................. 31

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Introduction
The ELEMENT ESS is a battery module that can operate independently or in a
battery bank configuration where multiple battery modules are connected in
parallel.
1. AUDIENCE, SAFETY, MESSAGES, AND WARNINGS
1.1 Audience
Configuration, installation, service, and operating tasks should only be performed
by qualified personnel in consultation with local authorities having jurisdiction
and authorized dealers. Qualified personnel should have training, knowledge, and
experience in:
• Installing electrical equipment
• Applying applicable installation codes
• Analyzing and reducing hazards involved in performing electrical work
• Installing and configuring batteries
• Installing and configuring systems activated by relays
1.2 Warning, Caution, Notice, and Note Messages
Messages in this manual are formatted according to this structure.
Additional information concerning important procedures and features of
the product. Read all the instructions before installation, operation, and
maintenance.
Important information regarding hazardous conditions.
WARNING
Important information regarding hazardous conditions that may result in personal
injury or death.
CAUTION
Important information regarding hazardous conditions that may result in personal
injury.
NOTICE
Important information regarding conditions that may damage the equipment but
not result in personal injury.
NOTE
Ad hoc information concerning important procedures and features unrelated to
personal injury or equipment damage.

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1.3 General Warnings
Do not crush, disassemble or dispose of the battery module in fire or the
garbage.
This product is made of recyclable materials and must be recycled.
WARNING
ELECTRIC SHOCK AND FIRE HAZARD
• This equipment must only be installed as specified.
• Do not install the battery module in series.
• Do not disassemble or modify the battery module.
• If there is damage to the battery module case, do not touch exposed contents.
• There are no user-serviceable parts inside.
Failure to follow these instructions may result in death or serious injury.
WARNING
CHEMICAL HAZARD
Do not touch the exposed contents of a Lithium cell.
Failure to follow these instructions may result in death or serious injury.
WARNING
ELECTRIC SHOCK AND FIRE HAZARD
Do not lay tools or other metal parts across the terminals.
Failure to follow these instructions may result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION
HEAVY OBJECT
Two person lift is recommended for the battery module.
Failure to follow these instructions may result in injury.

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CAUTION
ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARD
• Do not touch the energized surfaces of any electrical component in the battery
module system.
• Before servicing the battery module, follow all procedures to fully de-energize the
battery module system.
• Follow the “Safe Handling Procedures” below when working with the battery
module.
Failure to follow these instructions may result in injury.
1.4 Safe Handling Procedures
Before using the battery module, read all instructions and cautionary markings on
the unit and all appropriate sections of this manual.
• Use personal protective equipment when working with battery modules.
• Do not dispose of the battery module in a fire.
• Promptly dispose of or recycle used battery modules following local regulations.
• Do not disassemble, open, crush, bend, deform, puncture or shred.
• Do not modify, re-manufacture, or attempt to insert foreign objects into the
battery module, immerse or expose the battery module to water or other
liquids, fire, explosion, or other hazards. If the user suspects damage to the
battery module due to water, heat, or other reason, take it to a service center for
inspection.
• Only use the battery module for the system for which it is specified.
• Do not lift or carry the battery module while in operation.
• The battery module is heavy. When lifting the battery module, follow appropriate
standards.
• Only lift, move, or mount following local regulations.
• Take care when handling battery module terminals and cabling.
• Do not expose the battery module to high temperatures.
• Do not submerge the battery module.
• Do not install the battery module with the faceplate down.
• Only use the battery module with a charging system that meets specifications.
Using a battery module or charger that does not meet specifications may present
a risk of fire, explosion, leakage, or other hazards.
• Do not short-circuit a battery module or allow metallic conductive objects to
contact battery module terminals.
• Replace the battery module with only another battery module that meets
the specifications of the system. Using a battery module that does not meet
specifications may present a risk of fire, explosion, leakage, or other hazards.
• Do not drop the device or battery module. If the device or battery module is
dropped, especially on a hard surface, and the user suspects damage, take it to a
service center for inspection.

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1.5 Personal Protective Equipment
When handling or working near a battery:
• Use Personal Protective Equipment, including clothing, glasses, insulated gloves,
and boots.
• Do not wear metal rings, watches, bracelets, or necklaces.
2. ITEMS SHIPPED IN THE BOX
Table 2-1, ELEMENT ESS box contents
Items Description
1Battery Module
1CAT5 Cable
4Screws (M6)
1Ground Wire
1 set Serial Number Labels
3. SPECIFICATIONS
All specifications in this document are published @25ºC / 77ºF.
3.1 Electrical Specifications
Table 3-1, ELEMENT ESS Electrical Specifications
Electrical Specifications 48-48-5120 / 48-48-5120-H
Nominal Voltage 51.2 V
Energy 5120 Wh
Capacity 1 Hr 100 Ah
Charge Bulk Voltage - Bulk VDC 55.2 V
Charge Absorption Voltage - U1 MAX 55.2 V
Charge Float Voltage - U2 53.6 V
ChargeTermination Current (a) 2.5 A
Low Voltage Disconnect Recommended 48.0 V
Low Voltage Disconnect (b) 40.0 V
Max. Continuous Discharge Current 100 A
Nominal Charge Current 50 A
Max. Continuous Charge Current 100 A
Peak Charge Current (10 seconds) 200 A
Peak Discharge Current (3 seconds) 220 A
Breaker (K-Curve) Dual 100 A (2-Pole ganged)
Maximum short circuit fault current (IBF / ½ IBF) 3.8 kA (100 ms) / 1.9 kA (100 ms)
Arc Flash Incident Energy IEm 0.112 Cal/cm2
Arc Flash Incident Energy AFB 9.4 cm
(a) Charge termination current is permitted to be less than specified.
(b) Low Voltage Disconnect is based on 2.5 VPC under load. In no load conditions, do not allow the battery module
to self-discharge below 3.0 VPC.

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NOTE
Reduce the charge termination current to increase the time available for the internal
balancing function.
3.2 Mechanical Specifications
Table 3-2, ELEMENT ESS Mechanical Specifications
Mechanical Specifications 48-48-5120 / 48-48-5120-H
Chemistry LiFePO4
Total Length 497.3 mm (19.6 in)
Body Width 439.2 mm (17.3 in) (19U)
Front Face Width 482.6 mm (19 in)
Height 133.5 mm (5.3 in) (3U)
Terminal
Amphenol RadLok
Positive (+) Red - C10-730186-200
Negative (-) Black - C10-730186-100
Weight 44.0 kg (97.0 lb)
IP Rating IP20
Case Material Galvanized Steel Sheet
133.5 mm (5.26 in)
38.00 mm
(1.50 in)
465.90 mm (18.34 in)
497.30 mm (19.58 in)
459.30 mm (18.08 in)
FRONT SIDE
TOP
90 mm (3.54 in)
440 mm (17.32 in)
482.60 mm (19.00 in)
21.7 mm
(0.85 in)
21.7 mm (0.85 in)
Figure 1. ELEMENT ESS Battery Module Dimensions

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3.3 Environmental Specifications
Table 3-3, ELEMENT ESS Environmental Specifications
Environmental Specifications 48-48-5120 48-48-5120-H
Charge OperatingTemperature Range (a)(b) 0°C to 45°C (32°F to 113°F)
Discharge OperatingTemperature Range (a) -20°C to 55°C (-4°F to 131°F)
Internal Heater OperatingTemperature Range (c) Not applicable -20°C to 5°C (-4°F to 41°F)
StorageTemperature (1 month) (d) -30°C to 55°C (-22°F to 131°F)
StorageTemperature (6 months) (d) -10°C to 30°C (14°F to 86°F)
(a) Specifies the temperature of the cells and not the ambient temperature. Ambient temperature and cell
temperature may not be the same.
(b) Although the Battery Management System (BMS) does not allow charging when cells are below 0°C (32°F), the
48-48-5120-H has a heater that warms the battery to a temperature that enables charging to resume at 2°C (37°F).
(c) When the 48-48-5120-H battery cells are between -20°C (-4°F) and 5°C (41°F) and connected to a charging source,
energy is diverted from the charging source to the internal heater until the battery reaches 8°C (46.4°F).
(d) Storage outside of specified temperatures will result in permanent capacity loss and void the warranty.
3.4 Protections Specifications
Table 3-4, ELEMENT ESS Protections Specifications
Protection Specifications 48-48-5120 / 48-48-5120-H
Overvoltage
Protection (a) Above 58.4 V for 3 seconds
Recovery (a) Recovery after 120 seconds and less than 55.2 V
Undervoltage
Protection (b) Less than 40 V for 5 seconds
Recovery (b) No automatic recovery.The battery module shuts down after
120 seconds.
Over-Charge Current
Protection Greater than 110 A for 10 seconds
Recovery Recovery after 120 seconds
Over-Discharge Current
Protection (c) 3-second rating 220 A
Recovery (c) Recovery after 120 seconds
Over-temperature in Discharge
Protection (d) Cell temperature above 55°C (131°F) for 5 seconds
Recovery (d) Cell temperature below 50°C (122°F)
Under-temperature in Discharge
Protection (d) Cell temperature below -20°C (-4°F) for 5 seconds
Recovery (d) Cell temperature above -18°C (0°F)
Over-temperature in Charge
Protection (d) Cell temperature above 45°C (113°F) for 5 seconds
Recovery (d) Cell temperature below 40°C (104°F)

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Under-temperature in Charge
Protection (d) Cell temperature below 0°C (32°F) for 5 seconds and charge
current detected
Recovery (d) Recovery after 120 seconds and cell temperature 2°C (32°F) or
higher. Note: Discharge is available to -20°C (-4°F).
Load Qualification Protection
Protection Mixed System Voltage, Short Circuit, Reverse Polarity, Input
Capacitance Overload
Recovery Re-qualify after 120 seconds. After ten failed attempts to
qualify, the battery module switches OFF.
(a) Overvoltage protection monitors individual cell voltages. Protection is triggered when any cell is over 3.65 VPC
and recovers when all cells are below 3.45 VPC for 120 seconds. Voltages are provided for guidance only.
(b) Undervoltage protection monitors the voltage of individual cells. Protection is triggered, and the battery module
is set to OFF when any cell is at or below 2.5 VPC. Manually set the battery module ON to recover. Voltages are
provided for guidance only.
(c) For time versus current interrupt details, see Figure 2, Over-Discharge ProtectionTime Current Curve.
(d) Specifies the temperature of the cells and not the ambient temperature. Ambient temperature and cell
temperature may not be the same.
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
- 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Interrupt Time [s]
Current [A]
Over -Current Curve
Dual 100 A Fuse = 48V
Figure 2. Over-Discharge Protection Time Curve
3.4.1 Breaker Delay Specifications
Table 3-5, Breaker Delay
Rating [%] Current DelayTime [s]
100 10 0 A Breaker should not trip
100-135 100 - 135 A Breaker may trip (1)
135 135 A 2.0 - 60.0
150 150 A 1.2 - 40.0
200 200 A 0.6 - 20.0
400 400 A 0.3 - 3.0
600 600 A 0.15 - 1.3
(1) The breaker may trip due to the tolerance range.

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3.5 Internal Heating Specifications
Internal heating is available on the 48-48-5120-H model only.
Table 3-6, 48-48-5120H Internal Heating Specifications
Internal Heating Specifications 48-48-5120-H
Heating Power 50 W
Heating On (a) Charge detected and below 5°C (41°F)
Heating Off (a) Temperature above 8°C (46.4°F) or discharge current
of 250 mA detected for 10 minutes
(a) Specifies the temperature of the cells and not the ambient temperature. Ambient temperature and cell temperature
may not be the same.
3.6 Minimum Specifications for Discover Battery Module Systems
Install ELEMENT ESS battery modules in parallel in a battery bank configuration to
increase system capacity. Overall battery module system capacity must be correctly
sized to meet the requirements of the load and account for:
• Total Continuous Charge Current
• Total Peak Current
• Total Continuous Discharge Current
The total charging capacity of all charging sources in the system should not exceed
the Continuous Charge Current operating limit of all the battery modules in the
system. Exceeding this limit will cause the BMS in battery modules to trigger over-
current protection and disconnect.The charging system’s maximum Continuous
Charge Current must either be below the operating limit of installed battery
modules or curtailed.
The sum of all the Peak Current values for the attached loads must be less than the
Peak Current value of the battery module system, including inrush current values for
any motors and surge values for any inverters.
The sum of all the Continuous Discharge Current values for the attached loads must
be less than the Continuous Discharge Current value of the battery module system.
For ELEMENT ESS battery modules installed in parallel in a battery bank
configuration, the sum of all battery module capacities provides the overall capacity
value for the battery module system. Table 3-7 provides DC capacity values for
sample Discover battery module systems.
NOTICE
• Exceeding the Peak Current, Continuous Discharge, or Continuous Charge values
of the battery modules in the system will lead to either tripping the battery module
Breaker or triggering the battery module BMS over-current protection, resulting in
disconnection of all battery modules in the system.
• Disconnection will result in a voltage spike (Load Dump), which may damage any
component electrically attached to the battery module system.
NOTE
The maximum number of battery modules installed in a parallel configuration is 24.

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Table 3-7, 48-48-5120 / 48-48-5120-H DC CapacityValues for Sample Battery Module
Systems
Parallel System Peak Current Max Continuous
Discharge
Max Continuous
Charge Usable Capacity
1 battery module 220 A 100 A 100 A 5,120 Wh
2 battery module 440 A 200 A 200 A 10,240 Wh
3 battery module 660 A 300 A 300 A 15,360 Wh
4 battery module 880 A 400 A 400 A 20,480 Wh
5 battery module 110 0 A 500 A 500 A 25,600 Wh
6 battery module 1320 A 600 A 600 A 30,720 Wh
3.7 Regulatory
Table 3-8, 48-48-5120 / 48-48-5120-H Regulatory
Regulatory
UN38.3Transportation
IEC62619 (pending)
UL1973 (pending)
UL9540A (pending)
UL9540 (pending)
CE (pending)
4. TRANSPORTATION
Transport it in the original package or equivalent if the battery module is not
installed in equipment. Per the UN Handbook ofTests and Criteria, battery modules
are tested to part III, subsection 38.3 (ST/SG/AC.10/11/ Rev. 5). For transportation, the
battery modules belong to category UN3480, Class 9.
5. HANDLING
Before handling:
• Keep the battery module away from sparks and flames
• Disconnect the cables from the battery module
• Protect battery module terminals from short-circuiting and touch
• Do not lift or carry the battery module while it is in use or in operation
• Do not lift the battery module by attached battery cables
• Set the battery module Breaker in the OFF (Open) position

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6. FEATURES
1
2
3
45
7
6
8 8
9
9
9
9
Figure 3. ELEMENT ESS Battery Module Components
Item Description
1Battery module negative (-) black, Amphenol RadLok connector
2Battery module positive (+) red, Amphenol RadLok connector
3Two Pole Breaker
4Equipment Ground
5At-a-glance LED
6ON/OFF Key
7LYNK Port x 2
8Handles
9Mounting Points
6.1 Battery Module Breaker
The battery module Breaker protects the electronic components of the battery
module’s internal BMS from high, externally generated currents.
NOTICE
The Breaker and the BMS are independent. Setting the Breaker to the ON (Closed)
position does not switch the BMS ON. Setting the Breaker to the OFF (Open) position
does not switch the BMS OFF. Independently set the BMS ON or OFF with the ON/OFF
key.
NOTE
Additional external DC fusing is required to protect the battery cables from DC
overcurrent and to meet installation codes.

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6.2 Battery Module ON/OFF Key
Briefly press the battery module’s ON/OFF key to switch the battery module ON.
NOTICE
The Breaker and the BMS are independent. Setting the Breaker to the ON (Closed)
position does not switch the BMS ON. Setting the Breaker to the OFF (Open) position
does not switch the BMS OFF. Independently set the BMS ON or OFF with the ON/OFF
key.
6.3 At-a-glance LED
WARNING
ELECTRIC SHOCK AND FIRE HAZARD
• Always assume the battery module’s main relay is ON (Closed), even if the At-a-
glance LED shows that it may be off.
• Verify the terminal voltage with a voltmeter before handling and installing the battery
module.
Failure to follow these instructions may result in death or serious injury.
Table 6-1, At-a-glance LED States
LED Description
No LED light The battery module main relay is OFF (Open).
Solid green The main relay is ON (Closed), and the battery module is ready for
operation.
Flashing
orange
The main relay is ON (Closed), but one or more operating parameters
(voltage, current, temperature) have exceeded a fault threshold. Unless
the condition is corrected, the battery module transitions to protection
mode after about ten seconds, and the main relay switches OFF (Open).
Flashing red
The main relay is OFF (Open), the battery module is in protection mode,
and a fault has occurred.
For a list of faults, refer toTable 3-4. ELEMENT ESS Protection
Specifications.
NOTE
The At-a-glance LED does not communicate the breaker position. Visually inspect the
breaker position.
6.4 LYNK Port
The LYNK Port enables multiple Discover battery modules to communicate and
interact in a closed-loop network. LYNK Port enables networking ELEMENT ESS
battery modules in a closed-loop system with other networked devices such as
inverter-chargers. A closed-loop system enhances safety and optimizes system
performance.

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6.4.1 LYNK Port Communication RJ45 Pin Assignment
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Figure 4. LYNK Port Communication
RJ45 pin assignment
Pin Number Function
1 (1) Reserved. Do not use.
2 (1) Reserved. Do not use.
3 (1) Reserved. Do not use.
4 CAN Low
5 CAN High
6 (1) Reserved. Do not use.
7 CAN Ground
8 CAN Ground
(1) Do not populate. Do not terminate to power. Do not
terminate to ground. Do not terminate to CAN_L or
CAN_H.
NOTICE
• Use a straight-through cable. Do not use a cross-over cable.
• Isolate unused pins. Crossing PIN functions may cause system damage.
• Do not terminate unused wires to ground, power, or other functions.
• Mixing the LYNK Network with other networks may result in equipment malfunction
and damage.
6.5 Equipment Ground
Ground each module to the chassis ground using #6 gauge wire or a larger
diameter. Ground the entire chassis to the grounding #4 gauge wire or a larger
diameter.
NOTE
Refer to the applicable code and check with the authority having jurisdiction to confirm
local requirements.
7. THEORY OF OPERATION
7.1 Ingress Protection IP20
Ingress protection rates the degree of protection provided by mechanical casings
and electrical enclosures against intrusion, dust, accidental contact, and water under
specified conditions.The IP20 rating indicates that the product is touch-proof and
resistant to dust or objects larger than 12 mm. However, it has no protection against
liquids, so it is susceptible to damage if it comes into contact with water sprays.
IP codes guide suitability for use under different environmental conditions. IP
ratings do not indicate fitness for purpose or confer a performance guarantee.

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7.2 Internal Heating (48-48-5120-H)
The battery module with part number 48-48-5120-H is equipped with internal
heating. When the battery module’s internal temperature is below 5°C (41°F) and the
battery module is connected to a charging source, energy is diverted to the internal
heating element to avoid the under-temperature fault.
The heating stops when:
1. The battery module’s internal temperature reaches 8°C (46.4°F).
• Once the cell temperature reaches this threshold, all the energy is directed to
charging the cells.
2. A discharge current of 250 mA or more is detected for 10 minutes.
• After the heating stops, if the battery module’s internal temperature drops
below 5°C (41°F) and the battery module is connected to a charging source,
the heater turns ON again.
When internal heating is active, discharging the battery is not possible.
For information about internal heating, refer to Section 3.4, Protections Specifications,
and Section 3.5, Internal Heating Specifications.
NOTE
Charging and heating can occur simultaneously. However, the BMS will not allow
charging to continue when cell temperature is below 0°C (32°F) for 5 seconds.
7.3 Battery Management System
7.3.1 Battery Management System Protections
The Battery Management System’s (BMS) primary function is to monitor cell
module voltage, temperature,and battery current.The BMS uses this information to
maintain cell operation within operating specifications. If a parameter falls outside
of operating specifications, the BMS will disconnect and protect the battery module
from:
1. Overvoltage: Charge voltages that are too high.
2. Undervoltage: Discharged voltage that is too low.
3. Overcurrent: Current is too high when powering up a load (high inrush current)
or from a sustained charging or discharging current above the specified limit.
4. Over-temperature: Cell temperature that is too high during charge and discharge.
5. Under-temperature: Cell temperature that is too low during charge and
discharge.
6. Load Qualification: Protection may occur when switching the battery module
ON.The protection qualifies the load attached to it to prevent switching ON into a
reverse polarity, short circuit, mixed voltage system, or large capacitive load.
For trigger and recovery values, refer to Table 3-4, ELEMENT ESS Protection
Specifications.

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The BMS reconnects when it hits recovery thresholds. Manually switch the battery
module ON if the BMS disconnects due to low voltage protection. A physical
disconnect switch is recommended to reconnect the battery module if the system
has a constant parasitic draw.
After a load qualification fault, there is a 120-second delay until you can switch ON
the battery module again. In other words, if a user switches the battery module OFF
after a load qualification fault, the user cannot switch the battery module ON again
until the 120-second delay is over.
NOTE
• Charge and discharge have different operating temperature limits.
• If the BMS disconnects in response to temperature or current limits, wait for the
temperature or current to reach normal operating limits before switching the battery
module ON.
7.3.2 Battery Management System Pre-Charge System
The battery module has a Pre-Charge System to energize external capacitive loads
before switching the main relay ON, allowing you to connect battery modules at
different SOC.The maximum input capacitance for a single battery module should
not exceed the values in Table 3-1, ELEMENT ESS Electrical Specifications.
NOTICE
When switching ON battery modules, the inrush current may cause the battery
modules to fault as they energize external capacitive loads. If the battery fails to turn
ON, it retries up to 10 times. Verify the cables and connections, then switch ON the
battery modules again.
7.3.3 Battery Management System Load Qualification
When the battery module switches from the OFF state to the ON state, the battery
module BMS will qualify the external load before switching ON the main relay.
Load qualification will reject switching ON into short circuit, reverse polarity, mixed
voltage systems, or capacitive loads that exceed the battery modules limits.
The battery module will attempt Load Qualification a maximum of ten times. After
ten failed attempts at Load Qualification, the battery module switches OFF.
During Load Qualification, or when a load is disqualified, the At-a-glance LED
flashes red.
7.3.4 Battery Management System Cell Balancing
The cell balancing circuits in the battery module compare all cells in a battery
module and balance the cell voltage at the end of the charge. When there is
a network of battery modules over the LYNK port, all battery module cells are
balanced as an entire system, not as individual battery modules.

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7.3.5 Battery Module Charge and Discharge Settings
Closed-loop communication with a Power Conversion device requires using the
LYNK II Gateway Communication device from Discover Battery. For details, please
refer to the relevant LYNK Gateway Communication User Manual available from the
www.discoverbattery.com website, or contact your Discover Battery provider for
assistance.
Refer to the appropriate Application Note available from
www.discoverbattery.com for the set up of closed-loop parameters and integration
with specific brands of solar inverter-chargers, solar charger controllers, mobile
inverter-chargers, and industrial chargers.
7.4 LYNK Network Communication
Discover battery modules use CAN communication over the LYNK Network to
coordinate performance with other battery modules and communicate with
accessories such as the LYNK II Communication Gateway.
NOTICE
The battery module has intelligent CAN termination.Terminating resistors are not
required when deploying the battery module in a LYNK Network.
7.4.1 LYNK Network Power
A Discover battery module provides the LYNK Network power through the LYNK
Port. Discover documentation specifies how many battery modules are required to
provide sufficient power for the LYNK Network and compatible accessories. Some
accessories may require more than one battery module to provide sufficient power.
NOTICE
Do not use an external power source to power devices over the LYNK Network.
7.4.2 LYNK Network Size
One LYNK Network can support up to 24 ELEMENT ESS battery modules. The
network is limited to 30 devices, which include battery modules, displays, chargers,
and LYNK Communication Gateway devices.
7.4.3 LYNK Network Cables
CAT 5 cables (included with ELEMENT ESS battery modules) network ELEMENT
ESS battery modules.

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8. OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
The following optional accessories are available for the ELEMENT ESS battery
module.
Table 8-1, ELEMENT ESS Accessories
Accessory Part Number
LYNK II Communication Gateway 950-0025
ELEMENT ESSTerminal Connector Set 950-0054
9. INSTALLATION
The following instructions describe how to connect single or multiple battery
modules in parallel to the LYNK communication device.
Instructions on installing the battery module in an enclosure are not provided.
WARNING
ELECTRIC SHOCK AND FIRE HAZARD
• This equipment must only be installed as specified.
• Do not disassemble or modify the battery module.
• Do not touch exposed contents if the battery module case has been damaged.
• There are no user-serviceable parts inside.
Failure to follow these instructions may result in injury.
NOTICE
• Some chargers and inverters support temperature-compensated charging. Disable
temperature-compensated charging on the charger or inverter.
• Do not use or install a battery temperature sensor.
NOTE
It is the responsibility of the installer to ensure that all applicable installation
requirements and standards are met.
9.1 Tools
• Insulated tools sized to match nuts, bolts, and cables
• RMS type Voltmeter
• Personal protective equipment

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9.2 Location
44.45 mm
(1.75 in) (1U)
44.45 mm
(1.75 in) (1U)
Figure 5. Battery spacing
Install the battery module in locations that meet the following requirements:
1. Do not install in direct sunlight. Avoid installing the battery module in an area
with high ambient temperature.
2. Moderate temperature. The ambient temperature should be between 0°C and
40°C (32°F and 104°F). Ambient temperatures of 15°C to 20°C (59°F to 68°F) are
ideal for extending LiFePO4battery life.
3. Ventilation. Do not install in zero-clearance compartments.
Allow spacing of at least 44.45 mm (1.75 in) (1U) above the top cover, between
battery modules, and to the sides for airflow.
4. Away from water. Do not install in locations that are susceptible to flood or water
leakage.
5. Orientation. Install the battery module in any direction other than face down. Do
not install face-down.
Additional requirements for mobile or in-vehicle installations:
1. Do not install in an engine compartment. Do not install the battery module in an
area where gasoline fuel is present. Avoid installing the battery module in an area
with high ambient temperature.
2. Secure the battery. Locate the battery module in a battery compartment. Secure
the battery module with strapping or a bracket to prevent movement and strain
on the battery module and cables.
NOTE
• Do not attach the battery module to a frame or mounting location with
excessive vibrations.
• Using this product in a location that does not meet requirements will void the
warranty

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9.3 DC Cables
CAUTION
FIRE HAZARD
Undersized cables can become hot and may potentially catch fire.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in minor to moderate injury.
The DC battery cables should meet the following requirements:
1. Copper-stranded cable. DC cables must be stranded, copper, and rated 90°C
minimum.Terminate the cables with lugs that fit the DC terminals.
2. Minimum cable lengths. Select a location that minimizes the length of
battery cables to reduce voltage drop from the impedance leading to reduced
performance.
3. Appropriate cable gauge (AWG3, 25 mm2or thicker). The cables should be
capable of carrying the normally expected current, plus a margin of safety.
4. Proper polarity. Positive (+) is connected to positive (+), and negative (-) is
connected to negative (-).
9.4 DC Protection
CAUTION
FIRE HAZARD
• Undersized fuses and disconnects may become overloaded and potentially cause a
fire.
• Fuses and disconnects are required to open before the cable reaches its maximum
current carrying capability.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in minor to moderate injury.
Additional DC overcurrent protection and a DC disconnect switch are required to
protect the system and DC battery cables.
1. Appropriate size. Size the fuses and disconnects following local codes to protect
the wiring in the system and are required to open before the cable reaches its
maximum current carrying capability.
2. Install protection in the positive cable. The fuse and disconnect should be
located close to the battery module and installed in the positive cable. Local
codes may limit how far the protection can be from the battery module.
NOTE
• AC circuit breakers and DC circuit breakers are not interchangeable. Check the label
on the circuit breaker to ensure it is the correct type and rating. Use only DC circuit
breakers.
• Local electrical code in your area may require both positive and negative DC
disconnect switches. Refer to the applicable code and check with the authority having
jurisdiction to confirm local requirements.