DragonWave Horizon COMPACT User manual

HorizonCOMPACTTM
Wireless Ethernet
Release 1.01.00
Product Manual – Volume 2
Version 1.2

DragonWave Inc.
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Horizon Compact Release 1.01.00 Wireless Ethernet Product User Manual – Volume 2
NOTICE
This document contains confidential information, which is proprietary to DragonWave. No part of its
contents can be used, copied, disclosed, or conveyed to any party in any manner whatsoever without
prior written permission from DragonWave Inc.
Copyright © 2001-2007 DragonWave Inc.

Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................9
2.0 ALIGNING THE HORIZON COMPACT SYSTEM...............................................................11
2.1 .......VISUAL ALIGNMENT OF THE HORIZON COMPACT ANTENNAS ......................................................11
2.2 .......DETAILED ALIGNMENT OF THE HORIZON COMPACT ANTENNAS..................................................13
2.2.1 RADIATION PATTERN OF DISH ANTENNAS................................................................................14
2.2.2 AVOID THE FRESNEL ZONE.......................................................................................................17
2.2.3 ALIGNMENT ADJUSTMENT SENSITIVITY ...................................................................................18
2.3 .......LOCATING HORIZON COMPACT ANTENNAS..................................................................................18
3.0 ADVANCED CONFIGURATION FEATURES.....................................................................21
3.1 .......RADIUS SERVER USER AUTHENTICATION ..................................................................................21
3.2 .......MANAGEMENT VLAN TAGGING..................................................................................................25
3.2.1 VLAN TAGGING OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................25
3.2.2 802.1Q TAGGING......................................................................................................................25
3.2.3 VLAN TAGGING IMPLEMENTATION IN HORIZON......................................................................25
3.2.4 HORIZON COMPACT VLAN SETTINGS......................................................................................27
3.3 .......COS/QOS802.1P PRIORITY TAGGING ........................................................................................31
3.3.1 CLASS OF SERVICE TYPES.........................................................................................................32
3.3.2 COSCOMMITTED INFORMATION RATE (CIR)...........................................................................33
3.3.3 COSQUEUE COMMITTED BURST SIZE ......................................................................................33
3.3.4 EXPEDITE QUEUING..................................................................................................................34
3.3.5 OPERATION OF QOSUSING MULTIPLE EXPEDITE QUEUES.........................................................34
3.3.6 OPERATION WITH 802.1P PRIORITY QUEUING DISABLED .........................................................36
3.3.7 OPERATION WITH 802.1P PRIORITY QUEUING ENABLED ..........................................................36
3.3.8 MANAGEMENT TRAFFIC............................................................................................................36
3.4 .......PAUSE FRAMES.............................................................................................................................42
3.5 .......HORIZON COMPACT THROUGHPUT SPEED....................................................................................43
3.5.1 MAXIMUM THROUGHPUT SPEED...............................................................................................43
3.5.2 ASYMMETRIC THROUGHPUT SPEED..........................................................................................48
3.5.3 UPGRADING SYSTEM LICENSE SPEED .......................................................................................50
3.6 .......ADAPTIVE TRANSMIT POWER CONTROL (ATPC).........................................................................55
3.7 .......HORIZON COMPACT AUTHENTICATION ........................................................................................56
3.7.1 NO AUTHENTICATION...............................................................................................................56
3.7.2 UNIQUE AUTHENTICATION .......................................................................................................56
3.7.3 GROUP AUTHENTICATION.........................................................................................................57
3.7.4 AUTHENTICATION POLLING ......................................................................................................57

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3.7.5 AUTHENTICATION FAILURE ACTION.........................................................................................57
3.7.6 CONFIGURE AUTHENTICATION .................................................................................................58
3.8 .......THRESHOLD ALARMS ...................................................................................................................63
3.9 .......RAPID LINK SHUTDOWN (RLS)....................................................................................................67
3.9.1 SETTINGS FOR BASIC MODE......................................................................................................69
3.9.2 SETTINGS FOR ADVANCED MODE .............................................................................................71
3.9.3 RLS LINK CONTROL SETTINGS.................................................................................................71
3.10......CONFIGURING THE TIME SOURCE (SNTP)....................................................................................79
3.11......AUTOMATIC ADAPTIVE MODULATION .........................................................................................83
3.12......HORIZON REDUNDANCY...............................................................................................................85
3.12.1 BNC CONNECTOR.....................................................................................................................85
3.12.2 HOW AND WHEN PROTECTION SWITCHING OCCURS ................................................................85
3.12.3 RECOVERY TO PRIMARY LINK AFTER PROTECTION SWITCHING HAS OCCURRED ....................86
3.12.4 FORCING THE DATA PATH TO A PARTICULAR LINK ..................................................................86
3.12.5 REDUNDANCY CLI COMMANDS................................................................................................86
3.12.6 TWO WIRE OPTION EXAMPLE...................................................................................................88
3.12.7 SINGLE WIRE OPTION EXAMPLE...............................................................................................94
4.0 HORIZON COMPACT MANAGEMENT ............................................................................102
4.1 .......MANAGEMENT THROUGH PORT 1(IN-BAND)..............................................................................103
4.2 .......MANAGEMENT THROUGH PORT 2(OUT-OF-BAND) .....................................................................103
4.3 .......TELNET ACCESS .........................................................................................................................104
4.4 .......SECURE SHELL ACCESS SECURITY .............................................................................................105
4.4.1 CONFIGURING SECURE SHELL (SSH)......................................................................................105
4.5 .......HORIZON COMPACT WEB INTERFACE ........................................................................................106
4.5.1 FEATURES...............................................................................................................................106
4.5.2 CONNECTING TO THE HORIZON COMPACT WEB INTERFACE...................................................107
4.5.3 EXITING THE APPLICATION.....................................................................................................108
4.5.4 LOGIN .....................................................................................................................................108
4.5.5 HOME SCREEN ........................................................................................................................110
4.5.6 WEB PAGE TREE DIAGRAM ....................................................................................................111
4.6 .......HORIZON SSL WEB SERVER.......................................................................................................112
4.6.1 WHAT IS SSL? ........................................................................................................................112
4.6.2 GENERATING A CERTIFICATE ON THE HORIZON COMPACT .....................................................113
4.6.3 INSTALLING CERTIFICATES ON YOUR WEB BROWSER............................................................114
4.6.4 ENABLING SSL PER USER GROUP...........................................................................................119
4.7 .......EVENT AND PERFORMANCE LOGS ..............................................................................................120
4.8 .......RADIO LOOPBACK ......................................................................................................................123

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5.0 NETWORK MANAGEMENT OF HORIZON COMPACT ..................................................125
5.1 .......SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL (SNMP) .............................................................125
5.1.1 SUPPORTED SNMP VERSIONS ................................................................................................125
5.1.2 HORIZON COMPACT ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION BASE (MIB)........................133
5.1.3 SNMP TRAPS..........................................................................................................................133
APPENDIX A – CLI COMMAND LIST.....................................................................................139
APPENDIX B – SITE SURVEY INFORMATION .....................................................................141
PLANNING.................................................................................................................................................141
SITE SURVEY ............................................................................................................................................141
SITE PREPARATION ...................................................................................................................................142
APPENDIX C - 802.1P PRIORITY TAGGING OVERVIEW.....................................................143
COSVS QOS.............................................................................................................................................143

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List of Figures
Figure 2-1 Aligning Antennas Using Local Landmarks........................................................................12
Figure 2-2 Using GPS and Compass Bearings to Align Antennas......................................................12
Figure 2-3 Main and Side Lobes..............................................................................................................14
Figure 2-4 Typical main lobe coverage using 23 GHz Radio with 24” antenna..................................15
Figure 2-5 Main lobe and side lobes (distance of approximately 4 km)..............................................16
Figure 2-6 WRONG! Obstruction of the Fresnel Zone...........................................................................17
Figure 2-7 WRONG! Trees within the Fresnel Zone Obstruct the Signal............................................17
Figure 2-8 Correct & Incorrect Antenna location...................................................................................19
Figure 3-1 802.1P Enabled on Horizon Compact with Example CoS Allocations..............................31
Figure 3-2 CoS Queues can be allocated a CIR and a Committed Burst Size....................................32
Figure 3-3 Redundancy Connections – 2 wire option – copper interface...........................................88
Figure 3-4 Redundancy Connections – 2 wire option – optical interface ...........................................89
Figure 3-5 Power Switch Radio Mount....................................................................................................94
Figure 3-6 Redundancy Connections – single wire option – copper interface ..................................95
Figure 3-7 Redundancy Connections – single wire option – optical interface...................................96
Figure 4-1 Web Interface - Login Screen..............................................................................................109
Figure 4-2 Web Interface - Home Screen..............................................................................................110
Figure 4-3 Web Interface – Tree Diagram.............................................................................................111

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List of Tables
Table 2-1 Torque Specifications for Antennas.......................................................................................11
Table 2-2 Approximate size of beam at destination ..............................................................................15
Table 2-3 Degrees per Revolution of Adjustment..................................................................................18
Table 2-4 Antenna Specifications – Selected radios.............................................................................18
Table 2-5 Antenna Height vs Obstacle Distance for 24 GHz Unlicensed............................................19
Table 3-1 VLAN Configuration: Network Protocol Strict is OFF. VLAN tagging is OFF...................27
Table 3-2 VLAN Configuration: Network Protocol Strict is OFF. VLAN tagging is ON, VLAN tag has
been programmed into Horizon Compact......................................................................................27
Table 3-3 VLAN Configuration Network Protocol Strict is ON. VLAN tagging is OFF......................28
Table 3-4 VLAN Configuration Network Protocol Strict is ON. VLAN tagging is ON........................28
Table 3-5 System Mode and Modulation Scheme..................................................................................45
Table 3-6 Time Sources............................................................................................................................79
Table 4-1 Simultaneous logins for Web interface...............................................................................109
Table 4-2 Performance Log Durations..................................................................................................123

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1.0 Introduction
Horizon Compact Manual Volume 1 describes the basic requirements for configuring, installing and
aligning a Horizon Compact Ethernet link. Volume 2 (this Volume) provides more in-depth descriptions of
the alignment procedure and explanations as to how the advanced configuration features, noted in
Volume 1, are implemented. Detailed configuration examples are included.

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2.0 Aligning the Horizon Compact System
The alignment process is carried out in two stages. The first stage is to visually align the antennas. Once
the antennas have been visually aligned, the second stage is to perform a detailed alignment, which
involves adjusting the fine alignment mechanisms until a maximum received signal is obtained. This
signal should be within ±3 dB of the expected signal level determined during the planning process.
2.1 Visual Alignment of the Horizon Compact Antennas
This section details how to align the Horizon Compact antennas visually.
Procedure 2-1
Align the antennas visually
Before attempting to visually align the Horizon Compact antennas, make sure that the aiming adjustment
mechanisms (pan and tilt) on the mounting system are set to their mid positions. This ensures that there
is adequate to and fro movement available from the adjustment mechanism for fine adjustment later. To
visually align, loosen the clamping nuts and rotate the antenna assembly clamp on the mounting pole,
then, securely tighten the clamp.
There are three methods that are recommended for visually aligning the antennas. In each case the use
of signaling mirrors, on a sunny day, or a powerful flashlight for dull days, may greatly assist in locating
the other end of a link.
1. If the far end antenna site is visible, aim the near end antenna towards the far end site as
accurately as possible. The beamwidth of the signal is approximately 2 degrees (or less), which is
approximately equivalent to a thumb's width when the arm is fully extended. Align as closely to
the centre of the 2-degree beamwidth as possible. Clamp the radio/antenna mounting brackets in
place on the pole/tower torquing the nuts to specification. See Table 2-1 for torque values.
Repeat this for the far end site. This should provide you with a signal strong enough to perform an
accurate alignment later.
2. If the far end antenna site is NOT visible (due to poor visibility), and the site locations
appear on a map, use a large scale map of the area and mark the positions of each end of the
link. Draw a line on the map between each of the ends of the link. Locate a landmark which falls
on the line that is visible from the near end and point the antenna to the landmark. Clamp the
radio/antenna mounting brackets in place on the pole/tower torquing the nuts to specification. See
Table 2-1 for torque values. At the far end of the link locate a second landmark, visible from the
far end, that falls on the line and align the far end antenna to that landmark. Clamp the mounting
bracket as before. The antennas should be aligned sufficiently to obtain a signal strong enough to
perform an accurate alignment later.
Table 2-1
Torque Specifications for Antennas
Bolt size (in inches) Nut torque
¼ 50 in-lb
5/16 102 in-lb
3/8 15 ft-lb
7/16 24 ft-lb
½ 37 ft-lb
9/16 37 ft-lb

Horizon Compact Release 1.01.00 Wireless Ethernet Product User Manual – Volume 2
Figure 2-1
Aligning Antennas Using Local Landmarks
3. If the far end antenna site is NOT visible (due to poor visibility), and there are no visible
land marks, use a GPS unit to obtain accurate coordinates for each end of the link. Plot these on
a map of the area and draw a line between each site. Using a compass, physically align the map
so that the magnetic North compass bearing marked on the map coincides with actual magnetic
North shown on the compass. Use the compass to measure the bearing of the line drawn
between each site relative to magnetic North. At each end of the ink, use this compass bearing to
aim your antennas. Clamp the radio/antenna mounting brackets in place on the pole/tower
torquing the nuts to specification. See Table 2-1 for torque values. The antennas should be
aligned sufficiently to obtain a signal strong enough to perform an accurate alignment later.
Figure 2-2
Using GPS and Compass Bearings to Align Antennas
This concludes the steps to align the radios visually.

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2.2 Detailed Alignment of the Horizon Compact Antennas
This section describes how to perform detailed alignment of the Horizon Compact antennas.
Note: The Horizon Compact BNC Field Strength connector serves two purposes. It is used for alignment
and for system redundancy purposes. When used for alignment it provides an output voltage of 1 mV DC
per dB of signal strength. Connecting a digital voltmeter to this connector will provide you with a
convenient way of measuring field strength and confirming antenna alignment. Use the CLI command set
alignment on press Enter, to enable the field strength measuring option. When used for redundancy
purposes ensure that the CLI command set alignment off is used.
The DragonWave Horizon Compact Web Interface may also be used for alignment. From the Home page,
select Tools, then Link Alignment. The RSL readings displayed are continuously updated and the highest
value reached is retained to facilitate the alignment procedure.
When you prepare to align the antennas, you must consider three important factors:
•The radiation pattern of the Horizon Compact antennas (main lobe and side
lobes)
1. The need for a Clear Line of Sight (LOS)
2. The sensitivity of the alignment adjustment. See Section 2.2.3 for more details.
Caution
Alignment of the Horizon Compact requires power to be supplied to the
PonE and surge protector unit.
Caution
Proper alignment results in increased signal quality! Once the Horizon
Compact units have been visually aligned, detailed alignment can begin.
Pan across the entire beamwidth to ensure the alignment corresponds to
the main lobe and not to a Side Lobe.
Caution
Transmission of radio signals results in a primary signal (main lobe) and
secondary signals (side lobes) being sent towards the destination.
During installation the side lobes can be mistaken for the main lobe,
resulting in a 20-30 dB loss of signal strength. On a 12” / 30 cm antenna,
the entire beamwidth typically lies within a 5–degree span so it is critical
to ensure alignment targets the main lobe and not the side lobes. Larger
antennas have a narrower beam. For a 24”/60 cm antenna, the entire
beamwidth lies within a 3–degree span.
Caution
It is possible to get a “peak” reading during the antenna alignment
process if one or both of the antennas is aligned on a side lobe. In such a
case, the measured receive level may be 20 dB or more lower than the
callculated value. Be aware that the link may still function under these
circumstances. If the readings are within 2 - 4 dB of the calculated levels,
then the antennas are most likely to be properly aligned.

Horizon Compact Release 1.01.00 Wireless Ethernet Product User Manual – Volume 2
2.2.1 Radiation Pattern of Dish Antennas
Dish antennas radiate a primary signal (main lobe) and a number of secondary signals (side lobes). The
main lobe is the strongest. When you align the radios, you must make sure to align to the main lobe of the
signal. If you mistake the first side side lobe for the main lobe during installation, there can be a 20-30 dB
loss of signal strength. For example, if the Calculated RSL = -42 dB then the side lobe would be at
approximately -62 dB, or 20 dB lower than the calculated level.
Although in most cases only the first two side lobes are detected, depending on antenna size and the
distance between sites, it may be possible to “see” several side lobes (see Figure 2-3). It is wise to pan
the full 35 degrees available with the antenna alignment adjustment to locate all the lobes that may be
present, so that the main lobe can be positively identified. As you pan through the signal, the side lobes
will show up as peaks in the receive signal level (RSL), each peak getting stronger as you approach the
main lobe. The main lobe will always be the strongest.
The size of the beamwidth for the Horizon Compact systems is approximately 2 degrees. Two degrees is
approximately equivalent to a thumb's width when one’s arm is fully extended. Align as closely to the
centre of the 2-degree beamwidth as possible. It takes very little adjustment to swing past the main lobe,
as can be seen in Figure 2-5. A beamwidth of 2 degrees is very narrow and alignment errors can occur
when you lock on to a side lobe instead of onto the main lobe. If you align to one of the side lobes, your
signal strength will be reduced. Make sure you align the antenna to the main lobe.
Note: Verify the RSL is within 2 – 4 dB of the calculated value.
Figure 2-3 Main and Side Lobes

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Figure 2-4 Typical main lobe coverage using 23 GHz Radio with 24” antenna
Table 2-2 Approximate size of beam at destination
Beamwidth 1 km 3 km 5 km 8 km 10 km
2˚(18/24” antenna) 35m 105m 175m 280m 350m
1.3˚(36” antenna) 23m 68m 114m 182m 227m
1˚(48” antenna) 18m 54m 90m 144m 175m

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Figure 2-5
Main lobe and side lobes (distance of approximately 4 km)

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2.2.2 Avoid the Fresnel Zone
The Fresnel zone is an area of the antenna radiation pattern that lies mid way between the two system
antennas. The size of this area is dependant upon the frequency being used and the distance between
antennas. You should avoid having any obstructions within the Fresnel zone. Note that you may be able
to see the far end antenna without obstruction, but still have obstacles in the Fresnel Zone. Signal quality
will deteriorate if obstacles encroach too deeply into the Fresnel zone. Encroaching up to the 60% mark is
acceptable.
Figure 2-6 WRONG! Obstruction of the Fresnel Zone
Figure 2-7 WRONG! Trees within the Fresnel Zone Obstruct the Signal

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2.2.3 Alignment Adjustment Sensitivity
When aiming the antenna it cannot be over emphasized that you must rotate the adjustment nut(s)
1/10th of a turn at a time between taking RSL readings (allow time for the RSL reading to update).
Table 2-3 shows how many degrees the antenna will move when the adjustment nut(s) is rotated
through one full turn.
Table 2-4 shows that the beam width of the typical antenna is often less than the amount of movement
available with one full turn of the aiming adjustment.
Table 2-3 Degrees per Revolution of Adjustment
Antenna Size Change in Elevation (Tilt) Change in Azimuth (Pan)
12” and 24” 2.2 º per full turn of adjustment 1.6 º per full turn of adjustment
36” and 48” 1.3 º per full turn of adjustment 1.1 º per full turn of adjustment
Table 2-4 Antenna Specifications – Selected radios
2.3 Locating Horizon Compact Antennas
In addition to ensuring that you have a clear line of sight (LoS) between antennas and that there are no
obstructions encroaching into the Fresnel zone, you must pay attention to the location of antennas
relative to objects located close by.
The antenna must be positioned in such a manner as to ensure that obstacles in close proximity to the
antenna do not interfere with the near field RF radiation from the antenna (near field effects). Close
proximity obstacles can cause reflections and severe interference with communications between radios.
This is especially critical for the 24 GHz Unlicensed frequency band, where radios are cross polarized.
Transmit signal reflections change polarity and can be “swallowed” by the receiver, causing swamping
and poor quality reception.
Note that the edge of a roof (roof line) must be considered an obstacle.
Table 2-5 shows the minimum antenna height requirements above obstacles for the 24 GHz Unlicensed
frequency band.
18 GHz Horizon 23 GHz Horizon
Antenna
Size Beamwidth of
main lobe
(degrees, 3 dB)
Gain
dBi Beamwidth of main lobe
(degrees, 3 dB)
Gain
dBi
30 cm/12” 3.0 degrees 34 2.7 degrees 35.1
60 cm/24” 2.0 degrees 38.6 1.7 degrees 40.2
90 cm/36" 1.3 degrees 42.0 1.1 degrees 43.7
120 cm/48” 1.0 degrees 44.5 0.8 degrees 46.2

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Table 2-5 Antenna Height vs Obstacle Distance for 24 GHz Unlicensed
Distance
from
Obstacle
(ft) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 >40
Minimum
Antenna
Height
above
Obstacle
(ft)
1 2 3 4 4.36 4.46 4.55 4.64 4.73 4.82 4.91 5.82 6.73 7.64 8
The following figures illustrate examples of correct and incorrect antenna location.
Figure 2-8 Correct & Incorrect Antenna location

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Near field effects are also experienced above and on each side of the front of an antenna. Ensure that
these areas are also free of obstructions.