Dyacon Mi-Met WSD-1 User manual

Mi-Met
WSD-1
(Wind Speed Direction)
Sensor Manual
57-6017 Rev A - Preliminary
November 2013

DYACON®, Inc
Contents
NOTICES........................................................................................................................................................4
© Copyright 2013 Dyacon, Inc..........................................................................................................4
Mi-Met Manufacturer.........................................................................................................................4
Declarations........................................................................................................................................5
arranty Information.........................................................................................................................5
WSD-1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................7
Scope.........................................................................................................................................................7
Technical Support......................................................................................................................................7
Contact Information............................................................................................................................7
Phone / Email Support........................................................................................................................7
PRODUCT O ER IEW...............................................................................................................................8
Product Description...................................................................................................................................8
hat Do You Get?....................................................................................................................................9
hat You Need.........................................................................................................................................9
Accessories..............................................................................................................................................10
ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS...................................................................................................................11
Required Tools........................................................................................................................................11
Assembly.................................................................................................................................................11
Mounting.................................................................................................................................................11
iring......................................................................................................................................................13
MODBUS.......................................................................................................................................................14
Modbus Summary....................................................................................................................................14
Modbus Utilities......................................................................................................................................14
Modbus Commands.................................................................................................................................15
Data Format.............................................................................................................................................18
ind Speed Format..........................................................................................................................18
ind Direction Format....................................................................................................................18
Conversions and Calculations..................................................................................................................18
Speed Unit Conversions...................................................................................................................18
THEORY OF OPERATION.......................................................................................................................19
ind Direction Sensing...........................................................................................................................19
ind Speed Sensing................................................................................................................................19
POWER SA ING.........................................................................................................................................20
Power Down............................................................................................................................................20
SOFTWARE.................................................................................................................................................21
Introduction.............................................................................................................................................21
Boot Loader.............................................................................................................................................21
Required Equipment.........................................................................................................................21
Procedure..........................................................................................................................................21
REPAIR AND SER ICE.............................................................................................................................22
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Parts List..................................................................................................................................................22
Exploded View........................................................................................................................................23
Repair and Calibration.............................................................................................................................24
SPECIFICATIONS......................................................................................................................................25
MODBUS APPENDIX.................................................................................................................................26
RE ISION HISTORY.................................................................................................................................28
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DYACON®, Inc
Notices
© Copyright 2013 Dyacon, Inc.
A Rights Reserved
This publication is protected by copyright and all rights are reserved. Any reproduction of this
manual, in part or in full, by any means, mechanical, electronic, or otherwise, is strictly prohibited
without express written permission from Dyacon, Inc.
The information in this manual has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate.
However, Dyacon, Inc. assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies that may be contained in
this manual. All information is subject to change.
Trademark Acknow edgments
Dyacon® is a registered trademark of Dyacon, Inc.
Mi-MetTM, Mi-Met SD-1TM, SDTM are trademarks of Dyacon, Inc.
All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.
Mi-Met Manufacturer
Dyacon, Inc.
220 est 300 South
Newton, UT 84327
USA
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DYACON®, Inc
Dec arations
Mi-Met SD-1TM is a low-power electronic industrial device.
RoHS
All electronic and mechanical components conform to RoHS, Directive 2002/95/EC.
FCC CFR Part 15
This equipment complies with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a commercial installation.
Warranty Information
Limited Hardware Warranty
Dyacon, Inc. warrants that all Mi-Met products and components shall be free from defects in
materials and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment when installed
according to instruction manuals accompanying said hardware and used for the purpose for which
said hardware was designed. In the event a defect in materials or workmanship is discovered and
reported to Dyacon within the warranty period, Dyacon will at its option repair the defect or
replace the defective product. This warranty does not apply where the product has been operated
outside the specifications of the product. Dyacon’s obligation hereunder will be limited to such
repair or replacement. Customers shall have the responsibility to ship the defective equipment to
Dyacon at its (customer’s) expense, with all cost of shipment prepaid. Dyacon will ship the
repaired or replaced item at its (Dyacon’s) expense using the preferred shipment method of
Dyacon.
Disc aimer of Warranties
The warranties set forth above are in lieu of all other warranties of Dyacon, whether written, oral,
or implied. Dyacon makes no warranties regarding its products (hardware or software), including
without limitation warranties as to merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, any warranty
arising from course of performance, course of dealing or usage of trade whether any of the
foregoing warranties are either expressed or implied. Dyacon specifically makes no warranties as
to the suitability of its products for any particular application. Dyacon shall in no event be liable
for performance, or use of any product covered by this agreement whether such claim is based
upon warranty contract (express or implied), strict liability, negligence, or otherwise. Any
responsibility and/or liability of Dyacon shall, in connection with a warranted product, be limited
in maximum amount to the original purchase price of that product.
Remova of Seria Number
Removal of the original serial number label or reprogramming of the electronic serial number
voids any warranty on the device. Dyacon will not repair or update products if the serial number
label missing or legitimate ownership cannot be verified. Dyacon may not return equipment that is
missing serial numbers or where legitimate ownership is in question.
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Updates or Modifications
Dyacon shall be under no obligation to update or modify its products except as herein noted to
correct defects or errors. Customer agrees that all representation and warranties contained herein
shall be immediately null and void in the event of any incorrect installation, modification,
alteration, or change in or to any product affected by or on behalf of customer except for a change
made by Dyacon or other direct supervision thereof.
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WSD-1 Introduction
Scope
The content of this document is intended for integrators, installers, and users of SD-1TM,
hereinafter referred to as SD or “wind sensor”.
This document includes installation instructions, technical specifications, electrical requirements,
and data protocol information. Some aspects of the equipment operation may be covered in other
documents. Please contact Dyacon or visit the Mi-Met.co website.
Technica Support
Contact Information
Dyacon, Inc.
220 est 300 South
Newton, UT 84327
Phone: [phone]
Email: [email protected]
Internet: www.Mi-Met.co
Normal business hours are from 8:00 am to 5:00 pm. (Mountain Time Zone, GMT -0700)
Phone / Emai Support
If you need technical support via the phone or email, please have the following information ready:
Product name, model number, and serial number.
Your name and name of the purchaser of the equipment.
Name of company, institution, or agency.
Phone number, email address.
Billing and Shipping address.
A clear description of the question or problem.
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Product Overview
Product Description
Mi-Met SD-1TM is a 3-cup anemometer and wind vane. The wind sensor may be used as a
standalone sensor, a component of Mi-Met weather station, or integrated into other automated
equipment.
SD-1 is a digital sensor, sending instrument data and receiving control commands via a digital
serial port using Modbus-RTU protocol over TIA-485-A (RS-485). Consequently, there is no
measurement degradation due to cable length.
SD-1 is easily mounted on the end of a vertical 3/4” pipe with no additional hardware.
Alternatively, it may be attached to 1” pipe using standard structural pipe fittings.
Sensor Protoco Descriptions
Modbus-RTU (RS-485) is an electrically robust protocol used in automation systems, such as
programmable logic controllers (PLCs). SD uses a default data rate of 19200 bps, ensuring
adequate data throughput while extended cable length capability.
An SDI-12 version of SD-1 is available to value-added resellers (VARs). Additional firmware
and customization options are also available to VARs. Contact Dyacon, Inc. for more information.
Design Objectives
The design for SD-1 was designed to meet the following objectives.
•Minimize installation hardware and complexity – The mounting adapter fits over 3/4” pipe or
can be used with 1” structural pipe fittings.
•Flexible cable routing – The cable can be routed inside or outside of the mounting pipe.
•Extended bearing life – Hybrid ceramic bearings provide 4x life of standard stainless steel
bearings.
•Reduce wear components – Magnetic direction sensor is used in SD-1. ind vanes
typically use a potentiometer.
•No wind direction dead spots – Unlike potentiometer wind vanes, the magnetic direction
sensor in SD-1 provides high resolution with no dead spots.
•Durable construction – Anodized aluminum components ensures accurate and rugged
performance whether used for mobile or stationary applications.
•Field serviceable – Anemometer cups and vane components can be easily replaced in the
field.
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What Do You Get?
SD-1 ships with:
Instrument assembly
5 m (20 ft) cable
Cable ties
What You Need
In order to utilize the SD-1 you will need the following.
3/4” diameter mounting pipe (aluminum, steel, or PVC, 1.04 inch (26.7 mm) actual outer
diameter). Or, a 1” structural pipe fitting.
5 to 24 VDC power supply and Modbus host device.*
* Not required if using the SD-1 with a Mi-Met control module.
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Image 1: As Shipped

DYACON®, Inc
Accessories
Structura Pipe Fittings
Standard structural pipe fittings for 1” schedule 40 pipe are available from hardware suppliers and
manufacturers.
Hollaender Nu-Rail www.nurail.com
J.C. Denier www.denierco.com
Easyfit www.easyfit.com
Diamond Aluminum www.diamond-aluminum.com
KEE Systems www.keesystems.com
McMaster-Carr www.mcmaster.com
Grainger www.grainger.com
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Assembly Instructions
Required Too s
2 mm hex (Allen) wrench.
4 mm hex (Allen) wrench if mounting on 3/4” pipe.
ire cutters to trim cable ties.
Assemb y
1. Remove the Vane axis screw.
2. Insert the vane and counter weight with the end pointing away from the set screw hole.
3. Insert and tighten the axis screw.
Mounting
The mounting adapter is designed to fit on a 3/4” schedule 40 pipe, 1.06” (26.9 mm) OD. It may
also be mounted using 1” (1.315”) structural pipe fittings.
SD-1 fits on the end of the Mi-Met tripod and snaps into the locking button without any tools.
(See Image 3.)
The data cable may be passed through the center of the mounting pipe or outside of the mounting
pipe. (See Image 2.)
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Image 1:Vane to set screw orientation.
Set Screw

DYACON®, Inc
hen re-routing the cable through the mounting adapter, be careful to avoid damaging the
cable jacket.
1. Slide the mounting adapter over the pipe.
2. Align the clamping screw to north.
For convenience, an initial north position is calibrated at the factory. However, the north
position can easily be set to any position using a Modbus instruction. hen SD-1 is used
with the Mi-Met controller, north is set with a simple button press.
3. Tighten the locking screw.
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Image 2: Internal and external cable route. North direction
indicator.
North

DYACON®, Inc
4. Attach cable ties at about 6 in (15 mm) below the wind sensor and every 24 in to 36 in (45 t0
100 mm) along the mast or structure. Route cable to avoid sharp edges or unsupported
horizontal spans.
Wiring
SD-1 ships with shielded, 4-conductor, outdoor-rated instrumentation cable.
Red 5 to 24 VDC
Orange A (+)
Brown B (-)
Black Electrical ground
Unshielded Drain/earth ground
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Image 3: First cable tie position.
First Cable
Tie
Mi-Met Tripod
Quick-release
Button
Image : Wired for Mi-Met Control Module

DYACON®, Inc
Modbus
Modbus Summary
Modbus is a simple protocol that can be transmitted over several modes including TCP/IP, TIA-
232-A (RS-232), TIA-485-A (RS-485), TCP/IP, SMS, and many others.
Mi-Met SD-1 uses Modbus-RTU over RS-485.
SD-1 is a slave device and must be connected to a host device, such as a programmable logic
controller (PLC), host computer with an RS-485 adapter and Modbus software, or to the Mi-Met
weather station control module.
RS-485 is a robust, differential pair electrical protocol that is noise immune and capable of long
cable runs. ith twisted pair cabling, such as CAT-5, distances over 1200 m (4,000 ft) can be
achieved. SD-1 can be configured for 1200 bps or 2400 bps to extend the range. Relatively long
runs are achievable even without twisted pair cables.
The wide operating voltage range and low power of SD-1 allows for power to be injected over
the same data cable without concern for excess voltage drop. (Two wires for power and two for
data.)
For example, 1200 m (4000 ft) of Cat-5 cable (24 A G) will result in a voltage drop of less than
0.2 V at an operating current of 2 mA.
SD-1 ships standard with 20 ft (5 m) of non-paired, outdoor-rated cable.
Modbus Uti ities
The address of the sensor and other parameters are configurable. A Modbus computer utility may
be required to change these settings. A number of utilities are available including:
ModBus Constructor www.kurysoft.com
Simply Modbus www.simplymodbus.ca
ModbusTools www.modbustools.com
Only ModBusConstructor and the companion ModbusReader have been tested with the Mi-Met
product. Contact [e-mail] for copies of the constructor files.
A list of Modbus software can be found at: www.modbus.org/tech.php
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Modbus Commands
SD contains a Modbus slave port, the Modbus host must request data from the sensor.
The following describes the Modbus commands and messages. The basic instructions should be
adequate for Modbus host programming. For embedded developers, additional protocol details are
contained in the Modbus Appendix.
The default configuration:
Modbus address 01
Serial Data Parameters 19200, 8-bit data, no parity, 1 stop bit
Supported Functions and Exception Codes
Function Description Supported Error and Exception codes*
3 Read Holding Register 0x83: 01, 02, 03, 04
4 Read Input Register 0x84: 01, 02, 03, 04
6 rite Single Register 0x86: 01, 02, 03, 04
16 rite Multiple Registers 0x90: 01, 02, 03, 04
* See Error Code table below for more information.
Sensor Data Requests
Address Register Access Type Response
Range
Data Type Description
200 201 Read 0 to 15 16-bit Signed Int System Status†
201 202 Read 0 to 500 16-bit Signed Int ind speed (m/s)
202 203 Read 0 to 3599 16-bit Signed Int ind direction (°)
† See System Status Code section below.
* See Data Format section for numeric conversions.
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Basic Configuration Messages
The following commands can be used to change the serial port parameters of the air sensor.
Address Register Access Type Range Data Type Description
100 101 Read 16-bit Signed Int MM = Product ID
YY = Product Variation
101 102 Read 16-bit Unsigned Int Serial Number
102 103 Read 16-bit Signed Int Firmware Version
103 104 Read/ rite 1-247
Default: 1
16-bit Signed Int Modbus slave address.
104 105 Read/ rite 0 = 1200 bps
1 = 2400 bps
2 = 4800 bps
3 = 9600 bps
4 = 19200 bps
5 = 38400 bps
Default: 4
16-bit Signed Int Baud rate.
105 106 Read/ rite 0 = None
1 = Odd
2 = Even
Default: 0
16-bit Signed Int Parity
* Refer to Power Saving section for more details.
Ca ibration Settings
Calibration values are entered as slope and offset (mx+b). The following calibration settings are
user accessible.
Address Register Access Type Default Data Type Description
110 111+112 Read/ rite 1 32-bit Single-
precision Float
Speed Slope
112 113+114 Read/ rite 0 32-bit Single-
precision Float
Speed Offset
114 115+116 Read/ rite 0 32-bit Single-
precision Float*
Direction Offset**
* 32-bit single-precision floating point (IEEE-754) numbers are restricted to about 7 significant
decimal figures. 32-bit values are transmitted most significant word (MS ) first.
** Direction offset can be used to set the north position. For example, if sensor measures 37.6
degrees pointing north, enter -37.6 degrees in the offset. Offset values will cause the wind
direction value to roll over when the maximum value exceeds 359.9°. Due to the absolute
positional encoding of the wind direction, no slope value is used.
Error Codes
The following error and acknowledgment codes are supported by the SD-1. Not all codes are
relevant to each request or command. Supported command error codes are listed for each
command.
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Function Name Description
01 Illegal Function Function not supported or not recognized by the
sensor.
02 Illegal Addresses Incorrect address, address does not exist, or
address does not support write function.
03 Illegal Data Value Data value is outside of allowed range.
04 Device Failure Error occurred while attempting to perform the
requested action.
System Status Codes
System status codes are unique to the sensor, not Modbus protocol exceptions. System codes are
bit codes representing internal functional errors. A clear (0) bit indicates no errors were detected.
A set (1) bit indicates an error.
Contact customer support if system errors are encountered.
Bit Name
0 ind direction sensor error
1 ind direction sensor error
2 ind direction sensor error
3 ind direction sensor error
Hex alues
0x0000 – No Errors
0x0001 to 0x000F – ind direction sensor error
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Data Format
SD-1 delivers instrumentation data as signed integers. Consequently, numeric conversion is
required to determine the decimal values.
hen SD-1 is used with Mi-Met control modules, the instrument data is automatically
presented in the form of the selected measurement units and ranges.
hen SD-1 is used with a PLC or other host device, the instrumentation data will need to be
numerically converted to conventional measurement units. The following conversion values can
be performed by the host device.
Wind Speed Format
The measured wind speed range is 0.0 to 50.0 m/s.
The Modbus data range is 0 to 500.
ind Speed (m/s) = (ModbusData) / 10
Wind Direction Format
The measured wind direction range is 0° to 359.9°.
The Modbus data range is 0 to 3599.
ind Direction (°) = ModbusData / 10
Conversions and Ca cu ations
Unit conversion may also need to be done by the host device in order to present the data in the
convention preferred by equipment users.
Speed Unit Conversions
Speed (mile/hr) = Speed (m/s) * 2.23694
Speed (knots) = Speed (m/s) * 1.943844
Speed (km/h) = Speed (m/s) * 3.6
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Theory o Operation
Sensors
Wind Direction Sensing
The wind direction uses a non-contact magnetic sensor. Unlike potentiometer systems, the sensor
has no dead spots or wear components.
ind direction is sampled every 50 ms. A 20 sample running average is calculated in about 1 s
and updated every 50 ms.
Wind Speed Sensing
The anemometer uses two magnets, 180° opposite at the perimeter of the anemometer hub. A reed
switch is used to detect rotation.
A 4-sample running average of the switch time is used for wind speed. Measurement response is a
function of wind speed. At 2.5 m/s, the wind speed response is about 1 s.
The wind speed value is updated with each switch closure or half turn of the anemometer.
A deceleration algorithm is used to ensure the running average is accurate as the wind speed
approaches zero.
Architecture
A range of low power strategies are employed in SD-1 to ensure optimal low power while
providing reliable and accurate measurements across the full environmental range.
A low power microcontroller is central to SD-1 performance. The microcontroller manages the
rotation sensor and reed switch timing, scaling and applying calibration values as required. The
microcontroller also manages the Modbus protocol and other internal functions, such as
EEPROM interface and bootloader functions.
The microcontroller utilizes low-power strategies, leveraging multiple low power modes and
optimized code execution.
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Power Saving
Power Down
Embedded devices and programmable data loggers may have discrete power controls to peripheral
devices. If so, power savings may be achieved by disconnecting the supply power to SD-1. This
strategy may be beneficial if the polling period is greater than 10 s.
The time required from power-up to first character is less than 100 ms. Modbus frames sent prior
to this may not be received by the sensor.
The wind speed report is a running average. In slow wind conditions, this can require up to 10 s
before valid data is present, refer to the Theory of Operation section for more information.
ind speed measurements requested within 10 second following power up may be incorrect
when slow wind speed conditions are present.
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