Elgar SW 5550AE User manual

SmartWave™
Switching
Amplifier
Operation Manual
This manual covers models:
SW 5550AE
SW 3700AE
SW 1850AE
ELGAR ELECTRONICS CORPORATION
9250 Brown Deer Road
San Diego, CA 92121-2294
1-800-733-5427
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [email protected]
www.elgar.com
©2002 by Elgar Electronics Corporation
This document contains information proprietary to Elgar Electronics Corporation. The information contained herein is
not to be duplicated or transferred in any manner without prior written permission from Elgar Electronics Corporation.
Se
p
tember 20, 2004 Document No. M161668-01 Rev D

.

ELGAR ONE–YEAR WARRANTY
Elgar Electronics Corporation (hereinafter referred to as Elgar) warrants its products to be free from defects
in material and workmanship. This product warranty is effective for one year from the date of shipment to
the original purchaser. Liability of Elgar under this warranty shall exist provided that:
• the Buyer exposes the product to normal use and service and provides normal maintenance on the
product;
• Elgar is promptly notified of defects by the Buyer and that notification occurs within the warranty period;
• the Buyer receives a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number from Elgar’s Customer
Service Department prior to the return of the product to Elgar for repair, phone 800-73-ELGAR
(800-733-5427), ext. 2295;
• the Buyer returns the defective product in the original, or equivalent, shipping container;
• if, upon examination of such product by Elgar it is disclosed that, in fact, a defect in materials and/or
workmanship does exist, that the defect in the product was not caused by improper conditions, misuse, or
negligence; and,
• that Elgar markings and nameplates have not been altered or removed and the equipment has not been
repaired or modified by anyone other than Elgar authorized personnel.
This warranty is exclusive and in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied, including, but not limited
to, implied warranties of merchantability and fitness of the product to a particular purpose. Elgar, its agents,
or representatives, shall in no circumstance be liable for any direct, indirect, special, penal, or consequential
loss or damage of any nature resulting from the malfunction of the product. Remedies under this warranty
are expressly limited to repair or replacement of the product.
CONDITIONS OF WARRANTY
• To return a defective product, contact an Elgar representative or the Elgar factory for an RMA number.
Unauthorized returns will not be accepted and will be returned at the shipper’s expense.
• For Elgar products found to be defective within thirty days of receipt by the original purchaser, Elgar will
absorb all ground freight charges for the repair. Products found defective within the warranty period, but
beyond the initial thirty-day period, should be returned prepaid to Elgar for repair.
• Normal warranty service is performed by Elgar during the weekday hours of 7:30 am to 4:30 pm Pacific
time. Warranty repair work requested to be accomplished outside of normal working hours will be subject
to Elgar non-warranty service rates.
• Warranty field service is available on an emergency basis. Travel expenses (travel time, per diem expense,
and related air fare) are the responsibility of the Buyer. A Buyer purchase order is required by Elgar prior to
scheduling.
• A product found, upon inspection by Elgar, to be in specification is subject to an inspection fee and
applicable freight charges.
• Equipment purchased in the United States carries only a United States warranty for which repair must be
accomplished at the Elgar factory.
Committed to Quality...Striving for Excellence
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ii

SAFETY NOTICE
Before applying power to the system, verify that the SW Series unit is configured properly for the user’s
particular application.
WARNING!
Hazardous voltages in excess of 280 VRMS, 600V peak may be present when
covers are removed. Qualified personnel must use extreme caution when
servicing this equipment. Circuit boards, test points, and output voltages
may be floating above (below) chassis ground.
Installation and service must be performed by qualified personnel who are aware of dealing with attendant
hazards. This includes such simple tasks as fuse verification.
Ensure that the AC power line ground is connected properly to the SW Series unit input connector
or chassis. Similarly, other power ground lines including those to application and maintenance
equipment must be grounded properly for both personnel and equipment safety.
Always ensure that facility AC input power is de-energized prior to connecting or disconnecting the
input/output power cables.
During normal operation, the operator does not have access to hazardous voltages within the
chassis. However, depending on the user’s application configuration, HIGH VOLTAGES
HAZARDOUS TO HUMAN SAFETY may be generated normally on the output terminals. Ensure
that the output power lines are labeled properly as to the safety hazards and that any inadvertent
contact with hazardous voltages is eliminated. To guard against risk of electrical shock during open cover
checks, do not touch any portion of the electrical circuits. Even when the power is off, capacitors can retain
an electrical charge. Use safety glasses during open cover checks to avoid personal injury by any sudden
failure of a component.
Due to filtering, the unit has high leakage current to the chassis. Therefore, it is essential to operate this unit
with a safety ground.
Some circuits are live even with the front panel switch turned off. Service, fuse verification, and
connection of wiring to the chassis must be accomplished at least five minutes after power has been
removed via external means; all circuits and/or terminals to be touched must be safety grounded to
the chassis.
After the unit has been operating for some time, the metal near the rear of the unit may be hot enough to
cause injury. Let the unit cool before handling.
Qualified service personnel need to be aware that some heat sinks are not at ground, but at high potential.
CAUTION!
380V 3-phase input power systems (4–wire) must have a neutral connection.
(For units built before June 2004: the neutral must not be switched. Apply
neutral before phase voltage or serious damage to the equipment may
result).
iii

For safe operation, it is required that output power neutral be connected to chassis ground. The SW system
is shipped with a ground wire between power neutral and chassis ground.
These operating instructions form an integral part of the equipment and must be available to the operating
personnel at all times. All the safety instructions and advice notes are to be followed.
Neither Elgar, San Diego, California, USA, nor any of the subsidiary sales organizations can accept any
responsibility for personal, material or consequential injury, loss or damage that results from improper use of
the equipment and accessories.
SAFETY SYMBOLS
iv

CONTENTS
SECTION 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Input Specifications ....................................................................................... 1-2
1.3 Output Specifications: IEC Test Modes ......................................................... 1-3
1.4 Waveform Specifications ............................................................................... 1-4
1.5 Interharmonics Waveform Generator (Optional)............................................ 1-5
1.6 Protection and Safety .................................................................................... 1-5
1.7 Agency Requirements ................................................................................... 1-6
1.8 Physical Specifications (All Models) .............................................................. 1-6
1.9 Environmental Data ....................................................................................... 1-6
1.10 Other Standard Features............................................................................... 1-7
1.11 Options .......................................................................................................... 1-8
1.12 Glossary of Technical Terms ......................................................................... 1-9
1.12.1 IEC Test Modes ................................................................................ 1-9
1.12.2 Interharmonic Waveform Generator (IWG) ....................................... 1-9
SECTION 2 INSTALLATION
2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Unpacking...................................................................................................... 2-1
2.3 Pre-Installation Inspection ............................................................................. 2-2
2.4 Installation ..................................................................................................... 2-2
2.5 Air Intake and Exhaust................................................................................... 2-2
2.6 Installation/Dimensional Drawing................................................................... 2-3
Operation Manual v

Contents SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE
2.7 Input/Output Connectors ................................................................................2-6
2.7.1 BNC Connectors................................................................................2-7
2.7.2 EXT IN (External Input)......................................................................2-7
2.7.3 DFI (Direct Fault Indicator) ................................................................2-8
2.7.4 IEEE 488.2.........................................................................................2-9
2.7.5 Slave Connector ................................................................................2-9
2.7.6 Grounding........................................................................................2-10
2.8 Input Power Requirements...........................................................................2-10
2.8.1 187 to 264 VRMS 3-Phase Operation (3-Wire USA) .......................2-12
2.8.2 342 to 457 VRMS 3-Phase Operation (4-Wire INTL).......................2-12
2.8.3 Single-Phase Input Connections......................................................2-12
2.9 Output Connections to the Load...................................................................2-13
2.9.1 SW 5550AE Output Connections.....................................................2-13
2.9.2 SW 3700AE Output Connections.....................................................2-15
2.9.3 SW 1850AE Output Connections.....................................................2-15
2.9.4 Wiring of Unit ...................................................................................2-15
2.10 Wire Gauge Selection ..................................................................................2-15
SECTION 3 OPERATION
3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................3-1
3.2 Front Panel Controls ......................................................................................3-1
3.3 Menus ............................................................................................................3-3
3.3.1 MAIN MENU ......................................................................................3-4
3.3.2 PROGRAM Menu ..............................................................................3-5
3.3.3 MEASURE Menu ...............................................................................3-8
3.3.4 WAVEFORM Menu............................................................................3-8
3.3.5 SEQUENCE Menu...........................................................................3-14
3.3.6 INSTR (Instrument) Menu................................................................3-21
3.3.7 SYSTEM Menu ................................................................................3-22
3.4 Front Panel Programming Conventions .......................................................3-31
3.5 Front Panel Programming Exercise .............................................................3-32
3.6 SCPI Specification .......................................................................................3-36
vi Operation Manual

SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE Contents
SECTION 4 STANDARD WAVEFORMS
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2–1 Recommended Mounting Slide .................................................................. 2-3
Table 2–2 SW Input/Output Connectors .................................................................... 2-6
Table 2–3 EXT IN Connector Pinout........................................................................... 2-7
Table 2–4 DFI Connector Pinout................................................................................. 2-8
Table 2–5 IEEE 488.2 Connector Pinout .................................................................... 2-9
Table 2–6 Slave Connector Pinout ............................................................................. 2-9
Table 2–7 Input Currents for 3-Phase Input Power................................................... 2-11
Table 2–8 Single-Phase Input Configurations........................................................... 2-11
Table 2–9 Recommended Wire Gauge Selection Guide........................................... 2-16
Table 3–1 Sequence Execute Menu .......................................................................... 3-20
Table 3–2 SELF-TEST Results Definitions ............................................................... 3-23
Table 3–3 System External Menu ............................................................................. 3-26
Table 3–4 Fault Register Bit Definitions.................................................................... 3-27
Table 3–5 Fault Description and Action (FR1) .......................................................... 3-28
Table 3–6 Fault Description and Action (FR2) .......................................................... 3-29
Table 3–7 Fault Description and Action (FR3) .......................................................... 3-29
Operation Manual vii

Contents SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1–1 Elgar Model SW 5550AE AC Power Source (Rack Mount Version) .........1-1
Figure 2–1 Mounting Dimensions, SmartWave Front View .........................................2-3
Figure 2–2 Mounting Dimensions, SmartWave Top and Side Views...........................2-4
Figure 2–3 SmartWave Rear Panel.............................................................................2-5
Figure 2–4 Parallel Connections................................................................................2-14
Figure 2–5 Sense Lead Connections for 3-Phase Output .........................................2-14
Figure 3–1 Front Panel Controls (SW 5550AE)...........................................................3-1
viii Operation Manual

SECTION 1
1.1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Introduction
The Elgar SmartWaveTM Models SW 5550AE, SW 3700AE, and SW 1850AE use trans-
formerless, direct coupled amplifiers with very low, uniform output impedance.
Additionally, the controller allows for programmable output impedance and the injection
of interharmonic signals. This technology allows you to provide full agency compliant
AC mains power for testing to IEC 1000-3-2 and IEC 1000-3-3, and IEC 1000-4-13
(harmonic current emissions, voltage fluctuations/flicker, and harmonic/interharmonic
voltage).
The SmartWave has a true arbitrary waveform generator based controller capable of
creating complex waveforms with high DC content for simulating real world power
irregularities, including phase controlled sub-cycle or multi-cycle dropouts, spikes, sags,
surges, frequency excursions, plus frequency and voltage ramps (sweeps). The unit
can also generate clipped waveforms, harmonic distortion, high current inrush, and
other complex waveshapes.
Figure 1–1 Elgar Model SW 5550AE AC Power Source (Rack Mount Version)
Operation Manual 1-1

General Description SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE
1-2 Operation Manual
Programming is accomplished at the front panel or with a personal computer (PC) using
optional software. A GPIB card in the computer is also required.
A library of 25 factory-supplied waveshapes is provided in Flash Memory. Non-volatile
memory storage is available for an additional 50 user-created waveshapes.
Waveshapes from the libraries can be assigned amplitude and frequency parameters
and be stored as setups in non-volatile memory for immediate user recall. In addition,
you can create up to 1000 timed segments and link them together to form sequences
(transient programs).
The backlit graphics LCD display allows quick confirmation of waveforms when created
or edited from the front panel. Front panel BNCs provide waveform reference outputs
for oscilloscope viewing. The front panel also includes a keypad, a rotary knob, and
Help screens.
The SmartWave sources are true DC as well as AC power supplies. Up to 312 VRMS
are available in AC or AC+DC modes. Multi-phase models can be switched to single or
three-phased operation via the front panel or the GPIB.
A wide frequency range of DC or 40 Hz to 500 Hz is available for a broad array of
applications. Utilizing the latest in AC switch mode technology, the SmartWave has
less than -60 dB of noise and ripple with total harmonic distortion (THD) of <0.5% to 500
Hz. A crest factor of 4.0 provides high peak-to-RMS current capability. An optional
power factor correction (PFC) of .99 is also available.
1.2 Input Specifications
Input Power Ranges: Factory configured 187 to 264 VRMS, 3φL-L (3 wire),
or 342 to 457 VRMS, 3φL-L (4 wire). A chassis ground is also required for safety.
Input Power Factor: .6 with USA rectifier; .35 with INTL rectifier;
.99 with input PFC option.
Input Frequency Range: 47 to 63 Hz
Efficiency: 70%, minimum, at full load.
Ride Through: 3 msec, minimum; 10 msec, minimum, with PFC option.
Input Current: Maximum currents are provided in Table 2–7 and Table 2–8.
Initial Turn-on Current Surge: Limited to less than peak value listed in
Table 2–7 and Table 2–8.

SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE General Description
Operation Manual 1-3
1.3 Output Specifications: IEC Test Modes*
Calibration Interval: 1 year.
Power Factor of Load: 0 lagging to 0 leading.
AC or DC Output Voltage: 0 to 156 VRMS L-N range 1; 0 to 312 VRMS L-N range 2.
Output Current Per Phase: 16A to 115V in 156V range; 8A to 230V in 312V range
(1850 VA maximum).
Crest Factor: 3.25 (peak output current to RMS output current).
Output Frequency: DC, or 40 to 500 Hz (sine); 40 to 63 Hz (complex waveforms);
Interharmonics 16 to 3000 Hz (sine); Optional IWG*
Output Power: 1850 VA, maximum, per phase.
Total Harmonic Distortion (Full Linear Load or No Load): 0.25% maximum, 40 to
100 Hz; 0.5% maximum to 500 Hz. Typical: Less than 0.1% at 50 Hz.
AC Noise Level: >60 dB RMS below full output (sine wave, 40 to 500 Hz).
Amplitude Stability With Remote Sense: ±0.1% of full scale over 24 hours at
constant line, load and temperature.
Load Regulation: ±0.025% of full scale voltage for a full resistive load to no load (RMS
Servo Mode.)
Line Regulation (DC, or 40 to 500 Hz): ±0.025% of full scale for a ±10% input line
change.
Voltage Accuracy (No Load, IEC Test Mode): ±0.1% of range. Add ±0.1% of full
scale for "AC PLUS DC" mode. Valid for 5 to 156 VRMS and 10 to 312 VRMS at 25ºC
(77ºF), sense leads connected. Temperature coefficient less than 50 ppm/ºC.
Voltage Resolution: 0.05% of full scale.
Frequency Resolution: 0.01 Hz: 40 to 99.99 Hz
0.05 Hz: 100 to 500 Hz
Frequency Accuracy: ±0.01% at 25ºC ±0.001%/ºC.
*See Glossary of Technical Terms at the end of this section.

General Description SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE
1-4 Operation Manual
Phase Accuracy, Phase-to-Phase Balanced Linear Resistive Load:
±1º, 40 to 500 Hz.
Phase Angle Resolution: 0.1º.
Remote Output Voltage Sense: 5 VRMS total lead drop, maximum.
Output Impedance:
1850, 1 Phase, 312V Range:
Low Impedance Mode: Less than 0.07+j0.05 Ω (at 50 Hz)
Reference Impedance Mode: (0.40+j0.25) Ω± 3.0% (at 50 Hz)
3700, 1 Phase, 312V Range:
Low Impedance Mode: Less than 0.05+j0.04 Ω (at 50 Hz)
Reference Impedance Mode: (0.40+j0.25) Ω± 3.0% (at 50 Hz)
5550, 1 Phase, 312V Range:
Low Impedance Mode: Less than 0.03+j0.03 Ω(at 50 Hz)
Reference Impedance Mode: (0.40+j0.25) Ω± 3.0% (at 50 Hz)
Low Impedance Mode meets or exceeds the requirements of IEC-1000-3-2, Annex A,
Supply Source. Valid for equipment classes A, B, C, D, and fluctuating harmonics.
Reference Impedance Mode conforms to the requirements of IEC 725.
1.4 Waveform Specifications
Waveshape Libraries: 25 factory-supplied in flash memory; storage available for up to
50 user created in non-volatile RAM.
User-Created Setups: A total of 100 steady-state waveforms, consisting of parameters
such as waveshapes from the libraries plus amplitude, frequency, phase angle and
current limit.
Sequencing/Transient Programs: 1000 user-created segments stored in non-volatile
RAM up to 100 segments per sequence. Segments include wave-shape, amplitude,
frequency, phase angle, time (from 1 msec to 7 days), and number of cycles.
MIL-STD-704 Transients: Factory-supplied sequencing program.

SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE General Description
Operation Manual 1-5
1.5
1.6
Interharmonics Waveform Generator (Optional)
Interharmonic output will be combined with Phase A, B, and C outputs. Phase Outputs
will be referred to as the Fundamental Output. The specifications below apply only to
Output Range 2, 312 VRMS:
Reference: IEC 1000-4-13
Low Frequency Phenomena
Frequency Range: 15 Hz to 3000 Hz
Frequency Accuracy: 0.5% of interharmonic output
Frequency Resolution: 0.05% of interharmonic programmed value
Amplitude Range: 0 to 40.0 VRMS
Amplitude Accuracy: 0.23 VRMS
Amplitude Resolution: 0.02 VRMS
Protection and Safety
Overvoltage Shutdown: Programmable for 15V to 255V peak, 156V range;
30V to 510V peak, 312V range.
Undervoltage Shutdown: Automatic, not programmable.
Programmable Current Limit Shutdown: Can be set to 1% of range;
0.5A to 16A for 156V range, 0.5A to 8A for 312V range.
Programmable Current Limit with Timed Shutdown: Can be set to 1% of range;
the timeout can be set from 100 msec to 10 sec.
Programmable Constant Current: Can be set to 1% of range;
0.5A to 16A for 156V range, 0.5A to 8A for 312V range.
For all current accuracies, ±1% of full scale, add ±1.5%/kHz above 500 Hz.
For paralleled amplifiers, add ±1%.
Temperature Coefficient: <200 ppm/ºC.
Overtemperature Shutdown: Automatic, not programmable.

General Description SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE
1-6 Operation Manual
1.7
1.8
1.9
Agency Requirements
The SmartWave is designed to meet the following agency requirements:
• UL 3111
• CUL 1010
• EN 61010
• EN 50081-2
• EN 50082-1
• IEC 1000-3-2, Annex A, Supply Source
• IEC 725 Reference Impedance
• IEC 801-2, -3 and -4
• IEC 1000-4-13, Interharmonics Waveform Generator
• FCC Part 15, Class A
Physical Specifications (All Models)
Height: 8.75" (222 mm)
Width: 19" (483 mm)
Depth: 23.5" (597 mm)
Weight: SW 5550AE: 126.5 lbs. (57.2 kg)
SW 3700AE: 100.5 lbs. (45.6 kg)
SW 1850AE: 73 lbs. (33.1 kg)
Cooling: Air is drawn in from the top and sides, and exhausted through the rear of the
chassis. 200 CFM is required for specified operation.
Environmental Data
Operating Temperature: 0°C to 45°C (32°F to 113°F).
Note temperature measured at air inlet of SW. If cabinet mounted, cabinet inlet air may
be rated at lower maximum temperature due to warming of inlet air.
Storage Temperature: -40°C to 70°C (-40°F to 158°F).
Humidity (Non-condensing): 0 to 80% at 31°C (88°F);
derate to 50% at 40°C (104°F).
Altitude: Operating: 10,000 ft. (3,048 m); non-operating: 40,000 ft. (12,192 m).

SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE General Description
Operation Manual 1-7
1.10 Other Standard Features
• 1- to 3-Phase Programmable
• IEEE 488.2 Interface
• SCPI Protocol
• Waveform Trigger Output
(1 MegΩLoad Drive; positive edge is at 0° ±30µs, 0 to 5V logic)
• BNC Outputs for Waveform Viewing
(1 MegΩLoad Drive, 1.25 VRMS = Full Scale)
• SYNC OUT. User programmed for:
Cycle Start, all cycles
Segment Start. all segments
Segment Start, selected segments
For loads ≥2 kΩ: Vout ≤1V Low State; Vout ≥2.4V High State; Negative edge is
at 0° ±30 µs.
• CLOCK/LOCK
CLOCK pulses at programmed frequency for loads ≥2 kΩ. Vout ≤1V Low State;
Vout ≥2.4V High State. Negative edge is at 0° ±30µs.
LOCK locks output to input 'TTL' frequency; signal needs to supply pull down
current of 15 mA with voltage drop of ≤0.6V; no pull up needed. Negative edge
is at 0° ±30 µs.
• PLL Specifications
External PLL input frequency range is 45.00 Hz to 500.00 Hz.
Tracking range is ±10% of programmed PLL center frequency.
External PLL input duty cycle is 50% ±10%.
External PLL input slew rate is .02% of input frequency/second, maximum, which
produces a maximum phase shift of 5° from the external PLL input falling edge to
the output rising edge.
The rising edge of the output will be locked to the falling edge of the external PLL
input and will have less than a 30 µsec propagation delay.
Maximum output jitter when locked is <1% of external PLL input period.
PLL lock is achieved in <5 seconds.

General Description SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE
1-8 Operation Manual
• External Amplitude Modulation
0 to 5 VRMS provides 0 to ≥20% output amplitude modulation
(±2% of full scale output).
• External Direct Input
Normal Amplifier, 0 to 5 VRMS (DC to 500 Hz) or ±5 VDC input for zero to full
scale programmed voltage output (±2% of full scale output).
• External Gain Control
0 to ±7.07 VDC provides zero to full scale programmed voltage output
(±2% of full scale output).
• External Input Impedance
≥30 kΩ.
• System Firmware
System firmware is stored in flash memory. This makes it possible to upgrade
the firmware without disassembling or returning the unit.
1.11 Options
• Parallelable For Additional Power above 5550A VA
• External Waveform Creation Software
• Input Power Factor Correction to 0.99
• Interharmonics Waveform Generator
• 5V and 26V, 26VA Auxiliary AC outputs for 115V input, 350-450 Hz.

SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE General Description
Operation Manual 1-9
1.12
1.12.1
1.12.2
Glossary of Technical Terms
IEC Test Modes
The SWAE product line is designed as a supply source for IEC testing. The power ON
defaults to the low impedance mode, 50 Hz, 312V range. On the System External
menu, this corresponds to the LOW FREQ menu item set to ON. To select the
reference impedance mode, set both LOW FREQ and FLICKER to ON.
Output impedance (and load regulation) are defined by the particular mode selected.
Refer to Section 1.3, Output Impedance, for more information.
The SWAE output voltage is calibrated at no load. Under load, the output voltage is
modified by (ILOAD) (ZOUT).
Low impedance mode is used for IEC 1000-3-2 current harmonics testing, as well as
general testing. Reference impedance mode is used for IEC 1000-3-3 voltage
fluctuations and flicker testing.
Interharmonic Waveform Generator (IWG)
The IWG is used for IEC 1000-4-13, interharmonic voltage immunity testing. A user-
specified amplitude and frequency is summed to the main output.
SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.

General Description SW 5550AE • SW 3700AE • SW 1850AE
1-10 Operation Manual
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