Fluke DDS Function Generator 271 User manual

®
271
Programmable 10 MHz DDS Function Generator
Users Manual
January 2005
© 2005 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in USA
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
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271
Users Manual
LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and
service. The warranty period is one year and begins on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs, and
services are warranted for 90 days. This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer of
a Fluke authorized reseller, and does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries, or to any product which, in
Fluke's opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected, contaminated, or damaged by accident or abnormal
conditions of operation or handling. Fluke warrants that software will operate substantially in accordance
with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non-defective media.
Fluke does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption.
Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers
only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke. Warranty support is
available only if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the
applicable international price. Fluke reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of
repair/replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country.
Fluke's warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke's option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge repair,
or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke authorized service center within the
warranty period.
To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center to obtain return
authorization information, then send the product to that service center, with a description of the difficulty,
postage and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination). Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following
warranty repair, the product will be returned to Buyer, transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Fluke
determines that failure was caused by neglect, misuse, contamination, alteration, accident, or abnormal
condition of operation or handling, including overvoltage failures caused by use outside the product’s
specified rating, or normal wear and tear of mechanical components, Fluke will provide an estimate of repair
costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work. Following repair, the product will be returned to
the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges
(FOB Shipping Point).
THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY
OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE
FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES,
INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY.
Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty, or exclusion or
limitation of incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not
apply to every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other
decision-maker of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other
provision.
Fluke Corporation
P.O. Box 9090
Everett, WA 98206-9090
U.S.A.
Fluke Europe B.V.
P.O. Box 1186
5602 BD Eindhoven
The Netherlands
11/99
To register your product online, visit register.fluke.com
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Safety
This function generator is a Safety Class I instrument according to IEC classification and
has been designed to meet the requirements of EN61010-1 (Safety Requirements for
Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use). It is an Installation
Category II instrument intended for operation from a normal single phase supply.
This instrument has been tested in accordance with EN61010-1 and has been supplied in
a safe condition. This instruction manual contains some information and warnings which
have to be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to retain the instrument in a
safe condition.
This instrument has been designed for indoor use in a Pollution Degree 2 environment in
the temperature range 5 °C to 40 °C, 20 % - 80 % RH (non-condensing). It may
occasionally be subjected to temperatures between +5 °C and -10 °C without degradation
of its safety. Do not operate the instrument while condensation is present.
Use of this instrument in a manner not specified by these instructions may impair the
safety protection provided. Do not operate the instrument outside its rated supply
voltages or environmental range.
Warning
To avoid the possibility of electric shock:
• This instrument must be earthed.
• Any interruption of the mains earth conductor inside or
outside the instrument will make the instrument
dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited. The
protective action must not be negated by the use of an
extension cord without a protective conductor.
• When the instrument is connected to its supply, terminals
may be live and opening the covers or removal of parts
(except those to which access can be gained by hand) is
likely to expose live parts.
• The apparatus shall be disconnected from all voltage
sources before it is opened for any adjustment,
replacement, maintenance or repair.
• Any adjustment, maintenance and repair of the opened
instrument under voltage shall be avoided as far as
possible and, if inevitable, shall be carried out only by a
skilled person who is aware of the hazard involved.
• Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current
and of the specified type are used for replacement. The use
of makeshift fuses and the short-circuiting of fuse holders
is prohibited.
Caution
If the instrument is clearly defective, has been subject to
mechanical damage, excessive moisture or chemical corrosion
the safety protection may be impaired and the apparatus should
be withdrawn from use and returned for checking and repair.
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Note
This instrument uses a Lithium button cell for non-volatile memory battery
back-up. Typical battery life is 5 years. In the event of replacement
becoming necessary, replace only with a cell of the correct type, a 3 V
Li/Mn0220 mm button cell type 2032. Do not mix with solid waste stream.
Do not cut open, incinerate, expose to temperatures above 60 °C or attempt
to recharge. Used batteries should be disposed of by a qualified recycler or
hazardous materials handler. Contact your authorized Fluke Service
Center for recycling information.
Caution
Do not wet the instrument when cleaning it and in particular use
only a soft dry cloth to clean the LCD window.
The following symbols are used on the instrument and in this manual:
Caution - refer to the accompanying documentation,
incorrect operation may damage the instrument.
Terminal connected to chassis ground.
Mains supply OFF.
Mains supply ON.
Alternating current.
Warning - hazardous voltages may be present.
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EMC Compliance
This instrument meets the requirements of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC.
Compliance was demonstrated by meeting the test limits of the following standards:
Emissions
EN61326 (1998) EMC product standard for Electrical Equipment for Measurement,
Control and Laboratory Use. Test limits used were:
a) Radiated: Class B
b) Conducted: Class B
c) Harmonics:
EN61000-3-2 (2000) Class A The instrument is Class A by product category.
Immunity
EN61326 (1998) EMC product standard for Electrical Equipment for Measurement,
Control and Laboratory Use. Test methods, limits and performance achieved were:
a) EN61000-4-2 (1995)
Electrostatic Discharge: 4 kV air, 4 kV contact Performance A.
b) EN61000-4-3 (1997)
Electromagnetic Field: 3 V/m, 80 % AM at 1 kHz Performance A.
c) EN61000-4-11 (1994)
Voltage Interrupt: 1 cycle, 100 % Performance A.
d) EN61000-4-4 (1995)
Fast Transient: 1 kV peak (ac line), 0.5 kV peak (signal lines
and RS232/GPIB ports)
Performance A.
e) EN61000-4-5 (1995)
Surge: 0.5 kV (line to line), 1 kV (line to ground) Performance A.
f) EN61000-4-6 (1996)
Conducted RF: 3 V, 80 % AM at 1kHz (ac line only; signal
connections <3 m not tested)
Performance A.
According to EN61326 the definitions of performance criteria are:
Performance criterion A: ‘During test normal performance within the specification
limits.’
Performance criterion B: ‘During test, temporary degradation, or loss of function or
performance which is self-recovering’.
Performance criterion C: ‘During test, temporary degradation, or loss of function or
performance which requires operator intervention or system
reset occurs.’
Cautions
To ensure continued compliance with the EMC directive the
following precautions should be observed:
a) connect the generator to other equipment using only high
quality, double-screened cables.
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b) after opening the case for any reason ensure that all signal
and ground connections are remade correctly before replacing
the cover. Always ensure all case screws are correctly refitted
and tightened.
c) In the event of part replacement becoming necessary, only
use components of an identical type. Refer to the Service
Manual.
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Table of Contents
Chapter Title Page
Introduction and Specifications .................................................................... 1-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 1-2
Principal features........................................................................................... 1-2
Specifications..................................................................................................... 1-4
Waveforms .................................................................................................... 1-4
Sine............................................................................................................ 1-4
Square........................................................................................................ 1-4
Triangle..................................................................................................... 1-4
Positive and Negative Ramps.................................................................... 1-4
Positive and Negative Pulses .................................................................... 1-5
Multi-level Square Wave .......................................................................... 1-5
Arbitrary.................................................................................................... 1-5
Hop............................................................................................................ 1-5
Noise ......................................................................................................... 1-5
Modulation Modes......................................................................................... 1-5
Continuous ................................................................................................ 1-5
Trigger and burst....................................................................................... 1-6
Gated......................................................................................................... 1-6
Sweep........................................................................................................ 1-6
Amplitude Modulation.............................................................................. 1-6
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) ................................................................. 1-6
Start/Stop Phase ........................................................................................ 1-7
Trigger Generator...................................................................................... 1-7
Outputs .......................................................................................................... 1-7
Main Output.............................................................................................. 1-7
Aux Out..................................................................................................... 1-7
Trig/Sweep Out......................................................................................... 1-7
Inputs............................................................................................................. 1-8
Ext Trig..................................................................................................... 1-8
VCA In...................................................................................................... 1-8
Phase locking................................................................................................. 1-8
Clock In/Out.............................................................................................. 1-8
Sync Out.................................................................................................... 1-8
Interfaces ....................................................................................................... 1-8
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General .......................................................................................................... 1-8
2 Installation ........................................................................................... 2-1
Mains Operating Voltage................................................................................... 2-2
Fuse.................................................................................................................... 2-2
Mains Lead ........................................................................................................ 2-2
Mounting............................................................................................................ 2-2
3 Connections......................................................................................... 3-1
Front Panel Connections.................................................................................... 3-2
MAIN OUT................................................................................................... 3-2
AUX OUT..................................................................................................... 3-2
EXT TRIG..................................................................................................... 3-2
Rear Panel Connections..................................................................................... 3-2
CLOCK IN/OUT........................................................................................... 3-2
VCA IN ......................................................................................................... 3-3
SYNC OUT................................................................................................... 3-3
TRIG/SWEEP OUT ...................................................................................... 3-3
RS232............................................................................................................ 3-4
GPIB (IEEE-488) .......................................................................................... 3-4
4 General Operation............................................................................... 4-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 4-2
DDS Principles .................................................................................................. 4-2
Switching On ..................................................................................................... 4-2
Display Contrast............................................................................................ 4-3
Keyboard ....................................................................................................... 4-3
Principles of Editing .......................................................................................... 4-4
5 Main Generator Operation.................................................................. 5-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 5-2
Main Generator Parameters ............................................................................... 5-2
Frequency...................................................................................................... 5-2
Output Level.................................................................................................. 5-3
Output Impedance ......................................................................................... 5-4
DC Offset ...................................................................................................... 5-4
DC Output ..................................................................................................... 5-5
Symmetry ...................................................................................................... 5-5
Warning and Error Messages............................................................................. 5-6
The Auxiliary Output......................................................................................... 5-7
Auxiliary Output Phase ................................................................................. 5-8
Waveform Generation Options.......................................................................... 5-9
Square Wave Generation............................................................................... 5-9
Filter .............................................................................................................. 5-9
Auxiliary Output............................................................................................ 5-10
Frequency Stop.............................................................................................. 5-10
Trigger/Sweep Output................................................................................... 5-10
6 Sweep Operation................................................................................. 6-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 6-2
Connections for Sweep Operation..................................................................... 6-2
Setting Sweep Span and Markers ...................................................................... 6-2
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Contents (continued)
Setting Sweep Mode, Ramp Time and Source .................................................. 6-3
Frequency Stepping Resolution......................................................................... 6-4
7 Triggered Burst and Gate................................................................... 7-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 7-2
Internal Trigger Generator............................................................................. 7-2
External Trigger Input................................................................................... 7-2
Triggered Burst.................................................................................................. 7-2
Trigger Source............................................................................................... 7-3
Burst Count.................................................................................................... 7-3
Start/Stop Phase............................................................................................. 7-3
Gated Mode........................................................................................................ 7-4
Gate Source ................................................................................................... 7-4
8 Amplitude Modulation......................................................................... 8-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 8-2
Amplitude Modulation (Internal)....................................................................... 8-2
Modulation Frequency................................................................................... 8-2
Modulation Depth.......................................................................................... 8-2
Modulation Waveform .................................................................................. 8-3
VCA (External).................................................................................................. 8-3
9 FSK ....................................................................................................... 9-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 9-2
Frequency Setting.......................................................................................... 9-2
Trigger Source............................................................................................... 9-2
10 Special Waveforms ............................................................................. 10-1
Staircase............................................................................................................. 10-2
Arbitrary............................................................................................................. 10-3
Recalling Arbitrary Waveforms .................................................................... 10-3
Storing Arbitrary Waveforms........................................................................ 10-3
Noise.................................................................................................................. 10-4
11 Hop ....................................................................................................... 11-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 11-2
Setting each Waveform Step.............................................................................. 11-2
Defining the Sequence and Timing.................................................................... 11-2
Running the Sequence ....................................................................................... 11-3
Timing Considerations....................................................................................... 11-3
Saving Hop Settings........................................................................................... 11-4
12 System Operations.............................................................................. 12-1
Storing and Recalling Set-Ups........................................................................... 12-1
System Settings.................................................................................................. 12-2
Cursor Style................................................................................................... 12-2
Rotary Control............................................................................................... 12-2
Power Up Setting........................................................................................... 12-2
CLOCK IN/OUT Setting............................................................................... 12-2
13 Synchronizing Generators.................................................................. 13-1
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Introduction........................................................................................................ 13-2
Synchronizing Principles................................................................................... 13-2
Connections for Synchronization....................................................................... 13-2
Generator Set-Ups.............................................................................................. 13-2
Synchronizing.................................................................................................... 13-3
14 Calibration............................................................................................ 14-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 14-2
Equipment Required.......................................................................................... 14-2
Calibration Procedure ........................................................................................ 14-2
Setting the Password...................................................................................... 14-2
Using the Password to Access Calibration or Change the Password ............ 14-3
Calibration Routine ....................................................................................... 14-3
15 Application Examples......................................................................... 15-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 15-2
Default Settings.................................................................................................. 15-2
Simple Main Generator Operation..................................................................... 15-2
Pulse Trains........................................................................................................ 15-2
Low Duty Cycle Pulse Trains............................................................................ 15-3
Multiple Pulses .................................................................................................. 15-4
Variable Transition Pulse Waveforms............................................................... 15-4
Slew-Limited Transitions.............................................................................. 15-4
Band-Limited Pulses ..................................................................................... 15-5
Pulses With Overshoot.................................................................................. 15-5
16 Remote Operation ............................................................................... 16-1
Remote Operation.............................................................................................. 16-2
Address and Baud Rate Selection.................................................................. 16-2
Remote/Local Operation ............................................................................... 16-2
RS232 Interface............................................................................................. 16-3
Single Instrument RS232 Connections ..................................................... 16-3
Addressable RS232 Connections.............................................................. 16-3
RS232 Character Set................................................................................. 16-4
Addressable RS232 Interface Control Codes............................................ 16-4
Full List of Addressable RS232 Interface Control Codes......................... 16-6
GPIB Interface............................................................................................... 16-6
GPIB Subsets ............................................................................................ 16-6
GPIB IEEE Std. 488.2 Error Handling ..................................................... 16-6
GPIB Parallel Poll..................................................................................... 16-7
Status Reporting........................................................................................ 16-7
Standard Event Status and Standard Event Status Enable Registers......... 16-8
Status Byte Register and Service Request Enable Register ...................... 16-8
Status Model.................................................................................................. 16-9
Power on Settings...................................................................................... 16-9
Remote Commands............................................................................................ 16-10
RS232 Remote Command Formats............................................................... 16-10
GPIB Remote Command Formats................................................................. 16-10
Command List............................................................................................... 16-11
Function Selection......................................................................................... 16-12
Main Generator Parameters........................................................................... 16-12
Sweep Parameters.......................................................................................... 16-12
Trigger and Gate............................................................................................ 16-13
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