Green Cubes UNIPOWER M44 User manual

Power Supply System
Guardian Hybrid M44
Instruction Manual
Document Number: M00044H-MAN rev. 1
UNIPOWER, LLC
65 Industrial Park Rd
Dunlap, TN 37327
Phone: [phone]
Toll Free: 1-800-440-3504
Web site: www.unipowerco.com
© 2022 UNIPOWER LLC
All Rights Reserved

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Document Number: M00044H-MAN rev. 1 guardian_hybrid_m44-man-rev1-0822.indd
Copyright © 1999-2022 UNIPOWER LLC
All Rights Reserved
Restricted Rights Legend:
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in
subparagraph © (1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS
252.227-7013 or subparagraphs © (1) and (2) of Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights at 48 CFR 52.227-19, as applicable.
For Contact Information, please go to https://www.unipowerco.com/contact/
RefertotheUNIPOWERLicenseAgreementinthispackagebeforeinstallingorusingthisproduct.
Unless specically noted, all addresses, data characters and persons referenced herein, and all
examples involving names of companies and products, are ctitious examples and are designed
solely to illustrate the use of UNIPOWER products.
Product names, logos, brands, and other trademarks featured or referred to within this product
manual are the property of their respective trademark holders. These trademark holders are not
aliated with UNIPOWER LLC or our products. They do not sponsor or endorse our products.
LIMITATIONS AND AUTHORIZATIONS FOR USE AND PERMITTED APPLICATIONS
UNIPOWER’s products are not designed, intended for use in, or authorized for use as critical
componentsin,humanlifesupportsystems/equipment,equipmentusedinhazardousenvironments,
or equipment used in nuclear control equipment or systems. Any such use requires the prior
express written consent of an authorized executive ocer of UNIPOWER LLC, which consent
may be withheld by UNIPOWER LLC in its sole discretion. Users assume all risk and liability for,
and agree to indemnify and defend UNIPOWER from and against any claims for personal injury
(including death) or property damage resulting from any such use or application which is made in
the absence of such prior express written consent.
If you nd errors or problems with this documentation, please notify UNIPOWER. UNIPOWER
does not guarantee that this document is error-free. The information in this document is subject to
change without notice.
REV DESCRIPTION CHK’d & APPR’d / DATE
1 See ECO # 45973 PP / 08.15.2022

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Document Number: M00044H-MAN rev. 1 guardian_hybrid_m44-man-rev1-0822.indd
Contents
Chapter 1 About This Manual
1.1 Objectives................................................................................................................................6
1.2 Audience..................................................................................................................................6
1.3 Document Key.........................................................................................................................6
1.4 Product Support.......................................................................................................................7
Chapter 2 System Description
2.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................8
2.2 Principal of Operation .............................................................................................................9
2.3 System Parameters.................................................................................................................10
2.4 System Components..............................................................................................................13
2.4.1 Rectier Module.........................................................................................................13
2.4.2 Solar Converter Module.............................................................................................13
2.4.3 System Controller.......................................................................................................14
2.4.4 Distribution Unit ........................................................................................................14
Chapter 3 System Safety
3.1 Safety Warnings and Guidelines............................................................................................16
3.1.1 System Markings........................................................................................................16
3.1.2 Safety Recommendations...........................................................................................16
3.1.3 Installation Warning ...................................................................................................17
3.1.4 Restricted Access Area Warnings...............................................................................17
3.1.5 System Enclosure.......................................................................................................17
3.1.6 Operating Temperature Warnings...............................................................................17
3.1.7 Recommended Current Ratings .................................................................................17
3.1.8 Electrical Safety Warnings.........................................................................................18
3.1.9 Grounding...................................................................................................................19
3.1.10 Batteries......................................................................................................................19
3.1.10.1 VRLA Lead Acid Batteries...........................................................................19
3.1.11 PV Modules and Arrays .............................................................................................20
3.1.12 Generator....................................................................................................................20
3.1.13 In Case of an Accident ...............................................................................................21
3.2 Caution...................................................................................................................................21
3.2.1 Storage and Transportation.........................................................................................21
3.2.2 Disposal......................................................................................................................21
3.2.3 Handling Electrostatic Sensitive Devices ..................................................................21
3.2.4 Traceability.................................................................................................................21
3.2.5 Breakers......................................................................................................................22
3.2.6 Hot Surfaces...............................................................................................................22

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Chapter 4 Installation Guide
4.1 Site Requirements..................................................................................................................23
4.2 Unpacking..............................................................................................................................23
4.3 Tools.. ....................................................................................................................................23
4.4 Cable Size..............................................................................................................................24
4.5 Mounting in a Cabinet / Relay Rack .....................................................................................25
4.6 Removing the Covers ............................................................................................................26
4.7 Connecting System Grounding Cable ...................................................................................27
4.8 Input Connections..................................................................................................................28
4.10 Battery Cable Connection......................................................................................................31
4.10.1 With battery breakers & LVDB..................................................................................31
4.10.2 Without battery breakers & LVDB.............................................................................32
4.11 VRLA Battery Installation.....................................................................................................33
4.12 Alarm and Signal Connections..............................................................................................34
4.13 Symmetry Connection (VRLA batteries only)......................................................................37
4.14 Temperature Sensor Connection............................................................................................38
4.15 Rectier/Solar Converter Installation....................................................................................39
Chapter 5 Commissioning
5.1 Commissioning Overview.....................................................................................................40
5.2 Essential Tools and Test Equipment......................................................................................40
5.3 Preparation.............................................................................................................................40
5.4 Commissioning procedure.....................................................................................................40
Chapter 6 Maintenance & Troubleshooting
6.1 Maintenance...........................................................................................................................47
6.2 Troubleshooting.....................................................................................................................47
Chapter 7 Replacing Modules
7.1 Controller Replacement.........................................................................................................50
7.2 Rectier/Solar Converter Replacement.................................................................................50
7.3 Battery and Load Breaker Replacement...............................................................................50
7.4 Surge Protection Device Replacement..................................................................................51
Appendix A - Drawings
A.1 System Unit Layout...............................................................................................................52
A.2 System Diagram - Input Circuits...........................................................................................53
A.3 System Diagram - DC Distribution.......................................................................................54
A.4 System Diagram - Signal Connections..................................................................................55
A.5 Detailed Dimensions..............................................................................................................56

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FIGURES
Figure 2-1 Power System Overview (8U conguration shown) ...................................................8
Figure 2-2 Principal of Operation .................................................................................................9
Figure 2-3 Guardian Rectier......................................................................................................13
Figure 2-4 Solar Converter..........................................................................................................14
Figure 4-1 Mounting the Sub-rack (8U system shown)..............................................................25
Figure 4-2 Removing the Top Cover...........................................................................................26
Figure 4-3 System Grounding Connection..................................................................................27
Figure 4-4 AC Input Terminal Block ..........................................................................................28
Figure 4-5 Solar Converter Input Terminal Block (typical)........................................................29
Figure 4-6 DC Load Connection.................................................................................................30
Figure 4-7 Battery Cable Connection with Breakers ..................................................................31
Figure 4-7 Battery Cable Connection without Breakers.............................................................32
Figure 4-8 Battery Installation (Example only) ..........................................................................33
Figure 4-9 Alarm Interface..........................................................................................................34
Figure 4-10 ACX External Connection Board..............................................................................35
Figure 4-11 ACX Alarm Relay Board...........................................................................................36
Figure 4-12 2-block Symmetry Measurement (for illustration only)............................................37
Figure 4-13 4-Block Symmetry Measurement (for illustration only)...........................................37
Figure 4-14 Temperature Sensor Connection................................................................................38
Figure 4-15 Rectier/solar converter Installation .........................................................................39
Figure 5-1 General Settings.........................................................................................................42
Figure 5-1 Battery Settings..........................................................................................................43
Figure 5-3 Genset Setup..............................................................................................................44
Figure 5-3 Load Settings.............................................................................................................45
TABLES
Table 4-1 Recommended Electrical Cable Sizes ...........................................................................24
Table 4-2 Recommended AC Cable & Breaker Sizes....................................................................29
Table 5-1 Commissioning Record .................................................................................................46

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Document Number: M00044H-MAN rev. 1 guardian_hybrid_m44-man-rev1-0822.indd
1. About This Manual
This chapter contains an overview of the information that is presented in this Power System
Manual. This includes information on objectives, the intended audience, and the organization
of this manual. In addition, this chapter also denes the conventions used to indicate warnings,
cautions and noteworthy information.
1.1 Objectives
This manual describes the Power System, explains how to unpack and install the system,
how to perform the initial power-up and operational system check.
The information presented in this document is current as of the publication date.
1.2 Audience
This manual is to be used by installers and technicians who are preparing the site for a new
installation and installing the power system. This manual assumes that the technician has an
understanding of power systems in general and understands safety procedures for working
around AC and DC voltage.
The user of this document should be familiar with electronic circuitry and wiring practices
and have some expertise as an electronic, power, or electromechanical technician.
1.3 Document Key
This manual uses the following conventions:
WARNING This symbol indicates a situation that could cause bodily injury.
Always be aware of hazardous conditions when working in or around the
power system.
CAUTION This symbol indicates a situation that might result in equipment
damage. The reader should be aware that their actions could result in
equipment or data loss.
NEED MORE INFORMATION? This symbol is used to reference
information either in this manual or in another document.
NOTE This symbol means the reader should take note. Notes are helpful
suggestions or reminders.
Chapter 1 About This Manual

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Document Number: M00044H-MAN rev. 1 guardian_hybrid_m44-man-rev1-0822.indd
Table 1-1 Abbreviations
Abbreviation Description Abbreviation Description
HCX Advance Hybrid Controller Card MC Main Cabinet
ACD AC Distribution MCCB Molded Case Circuit Breaker
DC Distribution Cabinet MCB Miniature circuit breaker
EC Extension cabinet PBC Battery Cabinet
FPV Fan-cooled Modular Solar Converter PBDU Battery Distribution Unit
FMP  PDU Power Distribution Unit
GDN Guardian system PLD Partial load disconnection
Genset Diesel Generator SLI SLI Inverter
HCC Lite Hybrid Controller Card Lite
LVD Low voltage disconnection
1.4 Product Support
Product support can be obtained using the following addresses and telephone numbers.
Corporate oce:
UNIPOWER, LLC
210 N University Dr
Coral Springs, FL 33071
United States
Manufacturing facility:
UNIPOWER, LLC
65 Industrial Park Rd
Dunlap, TN 37327
United States
Manufacturing facility:
UNIPOWER Slovakia SRO
ZLATOVSKA 1279
Business Center 22
91105 Trencin, Slovakia
Phone: [phone]
Toll Free: 1-800-440-3504
Web site – www.unipowerco.com
When contacting UNIPOWER, please be prepared to provide:
1. The product model number, spec number, S build number, and serial number
- see the equipment nameplate on the front panel
2. Your company’s name and address
3. Your name and title
4. The reason for the contact
5. If there is a problem with product operation:
• Is the problem intermittent or continuous?
• What revision is the rmware?
• What actions were being performed prior to the appearance of the problem?
• What actions have been taken since the problem occurred?
1.5 Disclaimer
UNIPOWER is not responsible for system problems that are the result of installation or
modication of the instructions provided in this manual.

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2.1 Overview
This chapter contains an overview of the standard 8U and 10U systems covered by the
datasheet and a brief introduction of the modules and accessories that comprise a typical
solution. Other congurations with diering combinations of are available to special order.
The Guardian Hybrid M44 rack-mount power system has been designed to meet the
requirements of modern telecommunication with high reliability, strong exibility and
convenient maintenance.
For pure solar applications, the power system is based on the fan-cooled, hot-swappable pure
solar converter module FPV30.48 with an output power up to 2.9kW. As a hybrid solution
these systems incorporate a combination of 2.9kW FPV30.48 solar converter modules
alongside AC-DC rectier modules FMPe30.48J with an output power of 3W. To meet
dierent applications, the power system can be congured with four or six power shelves
(each with 4 positions). Systems with four power shelves can accommodate a maximum
of 8 rectiers and 8 solar converters while the larger systems with six power shelves can
accommodate a maximum of 12 rectiers and 12 solar converters. The system controller
used is the HCX Advanced Controller. The distribution unit is recongurable to meet future
use. Optional accessories include a rear/top cover kit and genset kit.
The power system can be managed locally through messages and alarms displayed on the
LCD screen of the system controller, or remotely using the PC-based PowCom™ Hybrid
software package.
AC CONNECTIONS
ALARM & SIGNAL
CONNECTIONS
LOAD & BATTERY
CONNECTIONS
USB & ETHERNET
CONNECTIONS
3-PHASE SURGE SUPPRESSOR
(optional)
SOLAR CONNECTIONS
Figure 2-1 Power System Overview (8U conguration shown)
Chapter 2 System Description

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2.2 Principal of Operation
The Guardian Hybrid M44 is capable of delivering up to 600Awhen an LVDB is included or
700Awithout. The system is based on a combination of hot-swappable 48V solar converters
and rectier modules which operate in parallel with automatic load sharing.
The power system is normally congured with N+1 redundancy, with N as the number of
modules necessary for feeding the load and charging the battery and 1 as the redundant
module. In normal operation the modules are used to feed the load and simultaneously
maintain the batteries in a fully charged state.
Upon mains input power failure and/or insucient solar energy to run the solar converters,
the modules are shut down and the batteries feed the load immediately. If the battery
voltage drops below the preset level, the Low Voltage Battery Disconnection (LVBD) circuit
disconnects the batteries automatically to prevent over-discharge of the battery to prolong
it’s life. When the mains input power is restored and/or there is sucient solar energy, the
modules will start up automatically to feed the load, close the LVBD circuit and recharge the
batteries. Battery discharge protection does not occur when an LVDB is not included.
System performance is supervised and controlled by the HCX controller. The DC output
voltage,alarmthresholds,LVBDcircuitoperation,temperaturecompensatedbatterycharging
can be set by the controller. Any malfunction will be indicated by LED, text in the display
and via operation of dry contacts. In the event of controller malfunction, basic tasks like
feeding the load and charging batteries will be maintained by the modules directly at preset
default values. Alarm and threshold setting of the power system can be set either through
the buttons and operation menu on the local controller, or remotely through the PowCom™
Hybrid supervision software.
~
-
~
-
Rectifiers
-
-
-
-
Converters
AC
Solar
DC Distribution
Controller
LBVD
PLD
BATT
FB
F
F
F
F
Figure 2-2 Principal of Operation

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2.3 System Parameters
OUTPUT
Current (max) 600A load (700A without LVDB). @ 230/400VAC nominal
600A battery charge (700A without LVBD) @ 230/400VAC nominal
Voltage 44-57.6VDC. 53.5VDC factory default.
AC INPUT
Rating 

Frequency 47-63Hz
Input Current, max. 

Power Factor >0.98
AC Surge Protection Optional
PV INPUT
Voltage 
Current, max. 17.6A, 1 input each module
DC DISTRIBUTION & BATTERY MANAGEMENT
Battery Breakers Up to 6 x 100A or 125A single pole
OR Up to 3 x 200A or 250A 2-pole
OR Up to 2 x 300A 3-pole
Symmetry Inputs Up to 12
Programmable LVBD 1 x 600A (voltage)
Programmable PLD 1 x 350A (voltage/time) [optional]
Load Breakers 20, 17 or 14 x 18mm, depending on number of battery breakers
Ratings single pole - 4A, 6A, 10A, 16A, 20A, 25A, 32A, 40A, 50A, 63A
(options for 2P or 3P)
MONITORING AND CONTROL
Controller HCX Advanced controller
Local Interface 4 x 20’ LCD, 4-key menu, USB (ACX only) and RS232
Remote Interface Ethernet IPv4 or IPv6 using PowCom™ software
Visual Indication Green LED - System On
Yellow LED - Message(s)
Red LED - Alarm(s)
Analog Inputs 12 x voltage inputs (range 0-100VDC)
Alarm Outputs 4 x potential free relays (C, NC, NO)
Digital Inputs 
Digital Outputs 2 x, open collector type
Temperature measurement 2 x Temperature probe (Battery, Ambient)

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CONNECTIONS
Battery 

AC Input 2, screw type connector
DC Input 2, screw type connector
Load Breaker 

Alarms 
MECHANICAL
 18.9”/481mm x 13.97”/355mm x 15.73”/400mm - 8U
18.9”/481mm x 17.47”/444mm x 15.73”/400mm - 10U
Mounting Options 19” Rack-Mounting
Cable Entry Rear
STANDARD COMPLIANCE / ENVIRONMENTAL
EMC and Immunity 
Safety 
Environment 



Operating Temperature 
Storage Temperature 
RECTIFIER MODULE - FMPe30.48J
󰀩 96.2%
Input Current (max) <18.5A
Output Current

62.5 @ 48V | 56.1A @ 53.5V
Output Power 

Operating Temperature 55°C (without derating)
Input Voltage 85-300VAC (Nominal 100-240VAC)
Output Voltage 44-57.6VDC
Load sharing < 5% of nominal current
 1.6 (41) x 4.2 (107) x 14 (355) ”(mm)
 4.6lbs / 2.1kg
Cooling Fan-cooled, speed controlled
Protection Short circuit, automatic current/power limiting,
input/output overvoltage, thermal

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Alarms Fan failure, Short circuit/arcing protection,
High temperature/output voltage Low output voltage,
Input voltage out of range Low fan speed (warning)
Internal communication failure
LED Indication Green: AC normal operation
Yellow:Steady - Low fan speed, High temperature
Flashing - Communications failure
Red: Module alarm / shutdown
Audible noise 
SOLAR CONVERTER MODULE - FPV30.48G
󰀩 95% peak
Input Current (max) <17.6A
Output Current

54.2A
Output Power 
Operating Temperature 65°C Max. (without derating)
Input Voltage 


Output Voltage 46-57.6VDC
Load sharing < 5% of nominal current
 1.6 (41) x 4.2 (107) x 14 (355) ”(mm)
 4.6lbs / 2.1kg
Cooling Fan-cooled, speed controlled
Protection Short circuit, automatic current/power limiting,
input/output overvoltage, thermal
Alarms Fan failure, Short circuit/arcing protection,
High temperature/output voltage Low output voltage,
Input voltage out of range Low fan speed (warning)
Internal communication failure
LED Indication Green: AC normal operation
Yellow:Steady - Low fan speed, High temperature
Flashing - Communications failure
Red: Module alarm / shutdown
Audible noise 

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2.4 System Components
With the exception of the solar converter and rectier modules the Guardian Hybrid system
is delivered with all components mounted according to the ordered conguration. The main
components are described below and in later chapters of this manual.
2.4.1 Rectier Module
The fan-cooled rectier converts the AC input to -48VDC output for loads and batteries.
Itis designed for parallel operation andplug-ininstallationinthe power shelf and supplies
extremely stable DC power.
Each rectier incorporates an internal microprocessor that sends frequent updates to the
system controller and adjacent rectiers. This ensures accurately controlled load sharing
among rectiers and supplies status and identication information to the controller.
The rectier module features two LEDs for status indication, thermal protection with
power derating, and input over voltage disconnection with automatic reset. The rectier
module is hot-swappable and can be quickly removed and replaced without disrupting
the system or load.
Handles
Cooling Fans
Status LEDs
Figure 2-3 Guardian Rectier
2.4.2 Solar Converter Module
Basedontheglobaldevelopingtrendofenvironmentalprotectionandenergyconservation,
the compact FPV30.48G 2.9kW 48VDC solar converter module is designed to provide
steady DC power for loads and batteries. Maximum energy harvest from the valuable
photo-voltaic (PV) array is accomplished through a patented >99% Maximum Power
Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm.
The solar converter module features international standards compliance and high thermal
protection; is 100% compatible with the AC-DC rectier modules in the power system.
The solar converter provides a modular building block for Renewable Energy and Hybrid
sites, accompanied by the Guardian Power System, indoor and outdoor enclosures and

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PV string combiners. UNIPOWER provides a total site solution across a wide range of
challenging environments.
The appearance and operating principle of solar converter modules are the same as
rectier modules.
Handles
Cooling Fans
Status LEDs
Figure 2-4 Solar Converter
2.4.3 System Controller
The Guardian Hybrid system can be controlled by the HCX Advanced controller.
The system controller is a supervisory unit with on-board software for monitoring and
operation of power supply systems based on UNIPOWER modules. The design is based
on the philosophy of having one main controller supervising the entire power supply
system, and the use of distributed intelligence by local micro-controllers. An RS485 data
bus takes care of internal communication between the various units.
USB and Web interfaces are used for remote control from a PC with PowCom™ Hybrid
software, either through a direct connection of the Local Area Network (LAN) or a dial-
up modem.
The description and operation of this controller is covered in a separate manual which is
available at https://unipowerco.com/pdf/hcx-man.pdf.
2.4.4 Distribution Unit
The distribution unit includes congurable load breakers, battery breakers, a shunt for
battery current measurement and fuse alarms for load and battery breakers.
The distribution unit has no special operation other than switching the load and battery
breakers on and o. All trip states of breakers are supervised by measuring the voltage
drop across each breaker.
Breakers that are not connected to any load will not cause a breaker alarm even if they
are left open.

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A battery fuse alarm may not be triggered instantly when a battery breaker is o. The
alarm is triggered only when the voltage drop between the system voltage and the battery
voltage is more than 0.6V. The interval that the voltage drop increases to 1.5V depends
on the battery status.
Due to a small leakage current (2.5-3mA) through the alarm circuit, the voltage measured
with a Digital Volt Meter (DVM) on an open breaker output will be nearly equal to the
rectier output voltage.
The distribution module has common “+Ve” with load breakers in “-Ve” leg. For more
information see schematic drawing in Appendix A - Drawings.
2.4.4.1 Low Voltage Battery Disconnect (LVBD)
Generally, the system is equipped with low voltage battery disconnection, which
prevents the batteries from deep discharging, thus prolonging the battery life. A
disconnection requires a detected mains failure at the supervision unit.
If disconnection occurs, the batteries will not supply power to the load until they have
been recharged to set voltage level, which can be adjusted by the user.
If disconnection occurs, the batteries will be reconnected when mains supply returns.
2.4.4.2 Partial Load Disconnection / Load Shedding (PLD)
Partial load disconnection can be congured to be voltage or time dependent, this is
selected when ordering the power system.
At a mains outage the controller will open the PLD contactor when the batteries
have discharged to a certain voltage or if the battery voltage has been under a certain
voltage for a predetermined time. The disconnection has to be set according to the
present load and battery manufacturer’s discharge tables or requirements.

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Chapter 3 System Safety
3.1 Safety Warnings and Guidelines
Thefollowingwarningsandguidelines should be followed byproperlytrainedandauthorized
personnel when installing, operating, commissioning or maintaining this equipment.
Neglecting the instructions may be dangerous to personnel and equipment.
3.1.1 System Markings
The following markings are found on the Power System:
Ground Symbol
DC Ground Symbol
Product Label - The product label contains the system part number, model number, system
ratings and safety approvals. The label is located inside the system.
Safety Label - The safety label is located inside the system.
3.1.2 Safety Recommendations
Any device that uses electricity requires proper guidelines to ensure safety.
• The Power System should only be installed or serviced by a qualied personnel.
• Always keep tools away from walkways and aisles. Tools present a tripping hazard
in conned areas.
• Keep the system area clear and dust-free during and after the installation.
• Always know the location of emergency shut-o switches in case of an accident.
• Always wear appropriate eye protection and use appropriate tools for working with
high voltage equipment.
• Do not perform any action that creates a potential hazard to other people in the system
area.
• Never work alone in potentially hazardous conditions.
• Always check for possible hazards before beginning work.
• Remove watches, rings and jewelry that may present a hazard while working on the
power system.
• Always adhere to local regulations.

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3.1.3 Installation Warning
The following safety guidelines should be observed when transporting or moving the system:
• Before moving the Power System, read the system specications sheet to determine
whether the install site meets all the size, environmental, and power requirements.
• The system should only be moved by qualied personnel and equipment.
• The Power System should be properly mounted to the building structure at the install
location to prevent bodily injury.
3.1.4 Restricted Access Area Warnings
ThePowerSystemisdesignedfor installation in locations with restricted access often secured
by a locking mechanism. It can therefore be accessed only by a trained service person, who
is fully aware of the restrictions applied to the location, or by an authority responsible for the
location.
NOTE ThismaybedisregardedforsystemsdeliveredinaUNIPOWEROutdoorenclosure.
3.1.5 System Enclosure
Appropriate measures need to be taken to avoid intrusion of any unwanted objects or insects
into conductive areas of the power system as there is a potential risk of system damage.
Disclaimer: UNIPOWER LLC assumes no liability or responsibility for system failures
resulting from inappropriate enclosure around the system.
3.1.6 Operating Temperature Warnings
To prevent the Power System from overheating, an automatic shutdown mechanism has been
installed. It is not recommended to continually operate the Power System in an area that
exceeds the maximum recommended operating temperature.
3.1.7 Recommended Current Ratings
Exceeding the following recommended power ratings may result in the system overheating.
• 46-57VDC, 600A/700A at 45°C ambient (full power}
• 46-57VDC, 480A/560A at 55°C ambient (20% derating)
• 46-57VDC, 360A/420A at 65°C ambient (40% derating)

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3.1.8 Electrical Safety Warnings
The following are electrical safety recommendations for working near the Power System:
WARNING Observe low voltage safety precautions before attempting to work on the
system when power is connected. Potentially lethal voltages are present within the system.
WARNING Caution must be exercised when handling system power cables. Damage to
the insulation or contact points of cables can cause contact with lethal voltages. For safety
reasons, cables should be connected to the power system before power is applied.
• Remove all metallic jewelry like watches or rings that may present a hazard while
working on the power system.
• Before connecting the AC input source to the power system, always verify voltage.
• Verify the AC source capacity. See system specications for AC information.
• All AC connections must conform to local codes and regulations, e.g. ANSI, CEC,
NEC, etc.
• When makingAC connections, allAC power and DC load distribution breakers should
be in the OFF position.
• All circuit breakers should meet the original design specications of the system. In
addition, equipment connected to the system should not overload the circuit breakers
as this may have a negative eect on over current protection and supply wiring, causing
system or user harm.
• Verify the DC capacity before making connections. See system specications for DC
information.
• Potentiallylethalvoltagesarepresent within the system. Ensure that allpowersupplies
are completely isolated by turning all power switches OFF, disconnecting all relevant
connectors and removing all relevant breakers before attempting any maintenance
work. Do not rely on switches alone to isolate the power supply. Batteries should also
be disconnected.
• Potentially lethal voltages are present within this system. Ensure that low voltage
safety requirements are implemented before attempting to work on the system with
power connected.
• Potentially lethal voltages can be induced if the equipment is not grounded (earthed)
correctly. Ensure that all ground connections are secure.

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3.1.9 Grounding
WARNING Grounding connection must be performed before operating the system.
Refer to local codes, e.g. ANSI, CEC, NEC, T1-333, ETSI 300-386-TC specifying the
connection of power system to building ground. In case of any doubt regarding the
grounding connection, please contact a person responsible for the system.
WARNING The system should be hard-wired to the incoming earth ground. A solid high
current ground connection capable of sinking the maximum system current is required.
CAUTION A conductor is connected between the ground point and the 0 VDC bus bar
on the PBDU distribution. This conductor is connected to its own earth bar and not shared
with other safety conductors.
CAUTION A connection between the +Ve pole and chassis is normally used but is
removable.
3.1.10 Batteries
WARNING When installing or replacing batteries, there is risk of explosion if an incorrect
battery type is used.
3.1.10.1 VRLA Lead Acid Batteries
WARNING Thisequipmentmay useVRLALeadAcid Batteries. Whenhandlingbatteries,
follow the instructions included with the battery set, as the uids contained within these
batteries are known to be a health hazard. The disposal of lead acid batteries is subject to
legal requirements for hazardous waste disposal. Local guidelines should be followed for
disposal.
Ensure the following guidelines are observed when dealing with equipment that may contain
lead acid batteries:
• Any attempt to burn these batteries may result in an explosion and the generation of
toxic fumes.
• Should a lead acid battery suer damage, it must be moved into a well-ventilated area.
Contact with the corrosive uid must be avoided.
• Neutralize any acid corrosion with copious amounts of a solution of baking soda and
water, and then wipe o all traces of soda.
• If the lead acid battery is removed from the equipment, any exposed contact must be
insulated prior to disposal.

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• Ensure that protective full-face shields, rubber gloves and aprons are worn and
insulated tools are used when working with the batteries. It is advised also to have
water available in case acid gets in contact with the eyes.
3.1.11 PV Modules and Arrays
The following safety precautions should be taken into consideration when installing PV
modules:
• All electrical installations must be done in accordance with the local and national
electrical codes.
• Solar modules produce electrical energy when exposed to sunlight.
WARNING There is a risk of electric shock since the voltage generated by PV modules is
higher than the system nominal voltage. Module installation should be performed only by
a qualied person.
• Itis requiredthatPVarraysinstalledontheroofmustincorporateaground-faultprotection
device to detect an electrical short circuit which could result in re.
WARNING The GFD does not ensure personal safety, it is a device for system protection
only.
• It is essential that PV installer is familiar with fall protection regulations.Any work done
at more than six feet above the ground must be done with fall protection considerations.
3.1.12 Generator
Generator connections must be csarries out by a trained electrician in accordance with
applicable codes.
• To eliminate unexpected startup and possible electric shock, ensure that Automatic
Genset Starting is disabled before servicing the Genset.
• Keep hands away from moving parts.
• Do not operate a diesel operated generator where there can be ammable vapours created
by fuel spills or gas leaks.
• Do not smoke or turn electrical switches ON/OFF when fuel fumes are present - diesel
fuel is combustible.
• Do not store fuel containers in the same enclosure as other spark-producing equipment
(e.g. Batteries).