Hammarlund SP-600-JX-21 User manual
...---------------*---------------;;r
1.0.
31R2-4-10l-1
HANDBOOK
OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS
RADIO
RECEIVER
MODEl
SP·600·JX·21
(HAMMARLUND)
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T.O. 31R2-4-101-1 Table
of
Contents
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Section Page
I
DESCRIPTION
1-1.
General
1
1
1-3.
Purpose
of
Equipment
1
1-11.
Description
of
Equipment
1
1-26.
Operational
Theory
. 4
1-31.
Capabilities
and
Limitations.
5
1-36.
Equipment
Required
for
Phone
or
Slow-speed
Telegraph
Reception . 6
7
7
7
7
7
10
13
Uncrating
..
Inspection
..
Replacement
of
Defective
Parts
Setting
Up
the Receiver
2-3.
2-5.
2-8.
2-12.
Installation
2-19.
Testing
II
PREPARATION
FOR
USE
2-1.
III
OPERATION
3-1.
3-3.
3-22.
3-25.
3-54.
3-57.
General
Description
of
Controls
..
Presentations
and
Readings .
Operating
Procedures .
De-energizing the
Equipment
Precautions
To
Be Observed
14
14
14
16
17
21
21
IV
EMERGENCY
OPERATION
4-3.
Antenna
System
4-1.
4-5.
General
Emergency
Tube
Replacement
.................. 22
....
22
22
22
Revised
1
August
1956
Section
ii
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
Figure
J- 1. Radio Receiver, Model SP-600-JX-2J
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
SECTION I
DESCRIPTION
Section I
Paragraphs
1-1
to
1-15
1-1.
GENERAL.
1-2.
This
handbook
contains
operation
instructions
for
Radio Receiver, Mod!'.! SP-600-JX-21,
(figure
1-1)
manufactured
by the
HRmmarlund
Manufacturing
Co.,
Ine.,
New
York
1,
N.
Y.
1-3.
PURPOSE OF EQUIPMENT.
1-4.
The
radio receiver is designed
for
enclosed-
station, fixed
or
mobile use.
It
is
adaptable
to shipboard,
airborne,
or
field applications,
and
may be used
in
a
two-way
operational
activity.
The
radio
receiver provides
for
the reception
of
keyed, amplitude-modulated,
and
frequency-shift carrier signals.
The
carrier signal intelli-
gence may be slow-speed
(manual)
or
high-speed
(automatic)
telegraph,
phone,
teletype, facsimile, ete.
For
Morse code
and
teletype
operation,
use is
made
of
cow
and
single-tone carrier signals.
For
teletype opera-
tion, two-tone
and
frequency-shift carrier signals may
also be used.
1-5.
To
render
the signal intelligence audible
and/or
recordable, auxiliary
components
are required.
When
the
receiver is to be used
for
the reception
of
phone
or
slow-speed
telegraph
signals, aheadset
and/or
loud-
speaker are used;
in
other
modes
of
operation,
these
components
are used
to
monitor
the signal.
To
receive
high-speed
telegraph
signals, arecorder
driving
unit
and
lor
atape ink recorder are required.
For
frequency-
shift
teletype reception, use is
made
of
suitable frequency-
shift
converter
equipment
associated
with
ateletype-
writer.
1-6.
The
output
of
the receiver,
for
signals
other
than
phone,
may be developed
in
the
form
of
doc
output
to
denote
a
dot
(mark)
and
no
doc
output
to denote adash
(space),
the signal intelligence
being
contained
in
the
succession
of
dots
and
dashes. Alternately,
it
may be
developed
in
the
form
of
a-c
output
wherein,
for
the in-
terval
of
each
dot
(mark),
or
for
the interval
of
each
dot
(mark)
and
each dash (space), keyed-tone signals
result.
The
signal
in
the
form
of
doc
output
is suitable
to
operate
applicable
recording
equipment
such as a
tape
ink
recorder, aline relay,
or
atone
generator.
The
signal
in the
form
of
a-c
output
provides the audible
output
of
the system;
or
it
is used
to
operate
a
recorder
driving
unit
associated
with
the tape
ink
recorder,
or
to
provide
input
to
asuitable frequency-shift
converter
associated
with
ateletypewriter.
1-7.
The
tone
generator
keyed
output
may be used
to
provide
the
signal to the headset
and/or
loudspeaker
monitor.
It
may also be fed
to
atransmission line
to
pro-
vide the signal
at
the
remote
end
of
the line.
The
keyed-
tone
used is in
the
voice frequency range, each signal
requiring
afrequency
band
of
170 cycles,
and
the line
may be used
for
several such tone signals, as well as
for
phone
signals.
1-8.
The
radio
receiver provides for continuously vari-
able reception
within
the frequency
range
of
0.54 mc
to
54.0 mc,
and
for
crystal-controlled fixed-frequency re-
ception
within
the frequency
range
of
0.75 mc
to
54.0
me.
The
receiver uses single heterodyne conversion
for
its three lower frequency bands
and
double
heterodyne
conversion
for
its three
higher
bands
(above
7.4
mc).
The
receiver signal-to-noise ratio
and
sensitivity charac-
teristics
provide
for
the reception
of
extremely weak
signals
and
the receiver is well suited
for
the reception
of
short-wave signals which are
inherently
subject
to
nonselective
and
selective fading.
1-9.
The
radio
receiver has an
internal
beat-frequency
oscillator used in heterodyne detection
of
keyed-carrier
signals to
provide
audio
signal intelligence to the head-
set
and/or
loudspeaker
monitor.
1-10.
The
radio
receiver has aself-contained
power
sup-
ply designed
to
operate
from
a50-cps to 60-cps, single-
phase a-c source
within
the
voltage
range
of
90
to
270
volts.
The
receiver
power
consumption
is 130 watts.
The
power
transformer
primary
and
secondary are sepa-
rately fused.
The
1.6-ampere slow-blow
primary
fuse,
and
the o/g-ampere high-voltage secondary fuse are con-
tained
in
cartridge-type fuseholders located
on
the
rear
apron
of
the receiver.
1-11.
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT.
1-12.
GENERAL.
The
radio
receiver is a20-tube radio-
communications type designed
for
direct
mounting
in
a
standard
19-inch relay rack.
It
comprises achassis
and
light
grey front-panel assembly
to
which are
mounted
a
top
cover
and
a
bottom
plate.
1-13.
RECEIVER
CONNECTOR
USES.
With
the
ex-
ception
of
the
headset
"PHONES"
jack (20, figure
3-1),
located
on
the
front
panel,
and
the
"ANT"
input
con-
nector (8, figure
2-1),
all receiver connectors
and
termi-
nals are located
on
the
rear
apron.
The
a-c
power
cable
of
the
receiver is also located
on
the
rear
apron.
1-14.
The
re-::eiver
input
circuit is designed
to
accommo-
date
abalanced
doublet
or
straight-wire
antenna.
The
input
impedance
of
the
receiver is designed
to
match
a95-ohm transmission line.
Other
suitable
antenna
in-
stallations specifically designed
for
the desired
operating
frequency may also be used.
The
antenna
is connected
to
the receiver
"ANT"
input
connector (8, figure
2-1)
with
type
RG-22/U
cable.
1-15.
The
"IF
OUTPUT"
connector
(6, figure
2-2)
provides areceived signal (usually frequency-shift)
at
the
receiver i-f
output
for
frequency-shift
converter
use,
usually as
part
of
aspace-diversity receiving system.
The
i-f
output
circuit
in
the
receiver is isolated
from
the
b-f-o circuits,
therefore
b-f-o injection
voltage
is
not
available
at
the
"IF
OUTPUT"
connector.
1
Section I
Paragraphs
1-16
to
1-23
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
1-16.
The
reveiver
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
terminals (8,
figure
2-2)
are suited
for
a600-ohm loudspeaker
or
transmission line.
The
receiver a-c signal
output
(phone,
single-tone telegraph
or
teletype,
or
two-tone teletype)
is available
at
the
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
terminals.
To
render
high-speed telegraph
and
single-tone
or
two-
tone signals intelligible, the tape
ink
recorder used
for
high-speed
telegraph
and
the teletypewriter used
for
teletype reception are associated
with
demodulator
equip-
ment connected
to
the receiver by suitable transmission
line.
When
alocal teletypewriter is used to
operate
another
teletypewriter remotely
or
locally connected to
the transmission line, the send teletypewriter relay is
connected to the
jumpered
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
termi-
nals so
that
the line
current
on
"mark"
balances
out
between the balanced split
output
transformer
windings
of
the receiver, for which the
jumpered
connection pro-
vides a
mid-point
tap.
This
use
of
the line may be
simultaneous to its
other
uses.
1-17.
The
receiver
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
terminals
(2, figure
2-2)
and
the
"AVC"
terminals
(3)
are used to interconnect two receivers in aspace-
diversity receiving system.
The
"A
VC"
terminal desig-
nated
"G"
is
grounded
for
each receiver
to
a
common
ground
while
that
designated
"-"
is
interconnected
between receivers.
This
is
done
to
provide
common
avc
between receivers
for
space-diversity reception
of
an
amplitude-modulated
or
frequency-shift signal.
With
this
arrangement,
the avc due
to
the
stronger
signal re-
ceived
on
one receiver decreases
the
weaker signal
and
the
noise
output
of
the
other.
To
provide
for
space-
diversity reception
of
phone,
the
audio
output
from
only
one
receiver is used.
To
do this,
the
jumpered
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
terminals
are
opened
on
one receiver
and
the
"-"
terminal
connected
to
the
other
receiver, which
provides
the
output.
To
provide
for
space-diversity re-
ception
of
cw
to
a
tone
keyer
(generator)
or
tape
ink
recorder, the receiver interconnections are as
outlined
for
phone,
but
no
avc
and
no
bfo
are used.
This
is the
case
when
the
doc
output
from
the three interconnected
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
terminals is used.
When
the
a-c
output
is used, the diversity
demodulator,
associated
with
the
tape
ink
recorder, is
provided
with
the
a-c
output
from
the
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
terminals
(8)
of
each receiver.
To
provide
for
the space-diversity recep-
tion
of
frequency-shift
carrier
signals,
the
i-f
output
or
the audio
output
from
each receiver may be used to
provide
input
to
suitable
frequency-shift
converter
equip-
ment.
1-18.
The
"AC"
power
receptacle (12, figure
2-2)
on
the
rear
apron
of
the
receiver may be used
for
operating
an accessory, such as an electric clock
or
lamp.
Power
is
available
at
the
receptacle
whenever
the
receiver is con-
nected to a
power
source, regardless
of
the settings
of
the
receiver controls.
1-19.
RECEIVER
OPERATION.
All
operational
ac-
tivities require
that
the receiver switches
and
controls be
set
properly
for
the
mode
of
operation
contemplated.
These
controls are all located
on
the
front
panel
of
the
2
receiver,
with
the
exception
of
the
"METER
AD]
RF"
control
(5,
figure
2-2)
and
the
"METER
AD]
AF"
control
(7)
used to calibrate
the
tuning
meter
(1,
figure
3-1)
on
the
front
panel,
and
the
"BFO
IN]"
adjustment
control
(4, figure
2-2),
all three
of
which are located
on
the
rear
apron
of
the
receiver.
These
controls are
factory adjusted,
and
are
not
to
be
moved
from
their
adjustment
positions. "
1-20.
The
radio
receiver is
adaptable
to
atwo-way oper-
ational
activity
through
use
of
the
"SEND/REC"
switch
(21, figure
3-1).
With
the
receiver
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11)
turned
clockwise
from
its
"OFF"
position,
when
the a-c source
is
connected
to
the
receiver, a-c
power
is
applied
for
either
position
of
the
"SEND/REC"
switch.
When
the switch is
in
its
"SEND"
position,
the
receiver
is disabled
for
protection
in
the presence
of
a
strong
local
carrier
such as
that
produced
by local tranmission
during
atwo-way communication activity.
When
the
switch is
in
its "REC" position, the receiver provides
for
instant
reception.
1-21.
When
the
radio
receiver
"FREQ
CONTROL"
s~lector
switch ;8, figure
3-1)
is set
to
the
"VFO"
posi-
tlOn, the
"TUNING"
control
(15)
provides continuously
variable
tuning
of
any desired
carrier
within
the
fre-
quency
band
selected by the
"BAND
CHANGE"
switch
(17).
When
the
"FREQ
CONTROL"
selector switch is
s~t
to
one
of
the
"XTALS"
positions,
the
receiver
pro-
vides
for
fixed-frequency crystal-controlled reception
of
any signal
within
the
frequency
range
of
0.75 mc
to
54.0
mc,
provided
that
the
proper
crystal has been inserted
into
the
numbered
crystal socket
corresponding
to
the
selected switch position.
The
"BAND
CHANGE"
switch
functions
as
before,
and
the
"TUNING"
control
is
used
to
adjust
the r-f amplifier circuits to
the
operating
frequency. Exact
tuning
of
the crystal-controlled first
heterodyne oscillator is
provided
by the "6.
FREQ"
control
(7).
The
"TUNING
LOCK"
(14),
when
turned
clockwise, provides
optional
locking means
for
the ver-
nier
dial
(6),
the
main
tuning
dial
(4),
and
the
tuning
mechanism, to
prevent
accidental
detuning
of
the
re-
ceiver
due
to
vibration
or
accidental
shift
of
the con-
trols.
The
"TUNING"
control
itself remains free
to
turn
even
when
the
"TUNING
LOCK"
is
locked.
1-22.
The
receiver
"SELECTIVITY"
switch (22, fig-
ure
3-1)
provides
achoice
of
six degrees
of
bandwidth
or
selectivity.
The
switch
position
chosen is
that
which
provides
optimum
receiver
performance
for
the existing
quality
of
the
received signal.
When
the switch is
in
one
of
its
"XT
AL"
positions, the
"XT
AL
PHASING"
con-
trol
(23)
is used to
highly
attenuate
any
interfering
signal, even
when
it
is closely adjacent
to
the
desired
signal.
The
receiver
"LIMITER/OFF"
switch
(19)
in
its
"LIMITER"
position
provides
for
effectively
reducing
ignition
noise
and
other
pulse-type noise
from
the
re-
ceiver
audio
output.
1-23.
The
receiver
"MOD/CW"
switch (13, figure
3-1)
in its
"CW"
position
renders
the
bfo
operative.
The
"BEAT
OSC."
control
(10)
provides the means
of
ad-
justing
the tone
output
within
afrequency
range
of
±3
w
3.5MC
CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR
~
"XTALS"
"VFO"
"FREQ CONTROL"
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SIGNAL
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FREQUENCIES ABOVE
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, , • , , , SIGNAL
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FOR
FREQUENCIES BELOW
7.4
MC
CRYSTAL
CONTROLLED
OSCILLATOR
VARIABLE
FREQUENCY
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w
figure
i
-2.
Radio Receiver,
Simplified
Block Diagram
VI
(1)
n
-
o'
~
Section I
Paragraphs
1-24
to
1-29
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
kc.
The
"BEAT
OSc."
control
may be
turned
in
either
direction
on
scale to
provide
the 3-kc
range
for
the re-
ceived
cow
signal.
When
the
"MOD/CW"
switch is
in
the
"MOD"
position, the receiver provides
for
the recep-
tion
of
amplitude-modulated
signals.
When
the
receiver
is to be used
for
the reception
of
afrequency-shift sig-
nal,
the
"MOD/CW"
switch
position
is
dependent
upon
whether
the receiver i-f
output
or
the receiver a-f
output
is
to
be furnished
to
the associated frequency-shift con-
verter
equipment.
When
the receiver i-f
output
is used,
the use
of
the
bfo
provides
optional
receiver
output
for
monitoring
purposes.
When
the receiver a-f
output
is
used,
the
bfo
must
be
in
operation.
When
the receiver
is
to
provide
suppressed-carrier
(single
or
double
side-
band)
reception, the
bfo
is used
to
reinsert the
carrier
at
the receiver.
For
this application, the
"BEAT
OSc."
control
is
set
to a
position
providing
abfo frequency
of
455 ke.
1-24.
The
receiver
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11, figure
3-1)
is adjustable to compensate
for
wide
variations
encountered in the level
of
any carrier received.
To
maintain the receiver a-f
output
constant
within
narrow
limits
for
the
"RF
GAIN"
control
setting
chosen, the
receiver incorporates automatic volume control.
The
re-
ceiver
"AYC/MAN"
switch
(12),
when
set to the
"A
YC"
position, provides this action. Provisions are in-
cluded
in
the receiver
for
a-v-c
operation
even
during
the reception
of
slow-speed
telegraph
signals.
The
"RF
GAIN"
control
is effective in either position
of
the
"A
YC/MAN"
switch.
1-25.
The
receiver
tuning
meter (1, figure
3-1)
pro-
vides a
tuning
indication
for
the desired signal,
when
the
"A
YC/MAN"
switch
(12)
is
set to the
"A
YC"
position.
When
the
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11)
is set
to
its maximum clockwise setting, the meter
top
scale
indication is the ratio
of
the received signal level to a
signal
of
one microvolt, expressed
in
db.
When
the
"METER"
switch
(18)
is
held
in
its depressed
"AF"
position, the meter
bottom
scale indication is the ratio
of
the receiver audio
output
to
the
standard
reference
output
of
six milliwatts, expressed
in
db.
1-26.
OPERATiONAL THEORY.
1-27.
GENERAL.
An
analysis
of
the
operation
of
the
radio
receiver is best evolved by considering the signal
path
through
the receiver r-f, i-f,
and
a-f sections,
into
which the receiver may be considered theoretically sub-
divided.
The
self-contained
power
supply
of
the receiver
is considered separately.
The
simplified block
diagram
(figure
1-2)
indicates
in
block
form
the relationship
between the various sections
of
the receiver.
1-28.
R-F
SECTION.
The
r-f
section
of
the receiver pro-
vides selective circuitry
for
any selected signal
within
the
receiver frequency
range
of
0.54
to
54.0 me.
It
does this
through
the use
of
six sets
of
r-f
tuner
subassemblies
housed in arotary
turret
assembly. Each set is used
for
one
frequency
band
of
the receiver
and
comprises an an-
tenna
r-f tuner, two identical interstage r-f tuners,
and
an
oscillator r-f tuner.
The
"BAND
CHANGE"
switch
(17,
figure
3-1)
provides
for
indenting
the rotary
turret
as-
4
sembly so
that
the
r-f
tuner
subassemblies
for
a
particular
frequency
band
become
part
of
the
r-f
section
of
the re-
ceiver.
The
antenna
and
two-stage r-f
gain
provided
to
the signal assures
that
the signal-plus-noise to noise
ratio
developed in the r-f section·is
high
enough
so
that
even
very weak signals
provide
useful receiver
output.
The
r-f
section preselection assures
that
the
gain
available
to
the signal is greatly
in
excess
of
that
provided
any un-
desired signal. Since the receiver utilizes the principles
of
superheterodyne reception, asignal removed
from
the de-
sired signal by twice the 455-kc
intermediate
frequency
also provides
an
i-f signal acceptable to the i-f section
of
the receiver.
This
image frequency, like any
other
unde-
sired signal, is
greatly
attenuated. However,
for
signals
tuned
in
on
the three
higher
frequency
bands
of
the re-
ceiver, the image frequency
for
an intermediate fre-
quency
of
455 kc
would
be too close
to
the desired
signal.
To
maintain
high
image-rejection ratios, the re-
ceiver provides
for
double
superheterodyne reception
on
these bands.
On
the three lower frequency
bands
(below
7.4
me),
the signal
tuned
in
is
heterodyned
to a455-kc
i-f signal.
On
the three
higher
frequency bands,
it
is
first
heterodyned
to a3955-kc i-f signal, which is
then
heterodyned
to
a455-kc i-f signal.
With
the receiver
"FREQ
CONTROL"
selector switch
(8)
in
its
"YFO"
position, the receiver provides
for
continuously variable
tuning.
When
the switch is
in
one
of
its
"XT
ALS" posi-
tions, the receiver first
heterodyne
variable oscillator is
replaced by afixed-frequency crystal-controlled hetero-
dyne oscillator.
Doing
this results
in
receiver frequency
stability
superior
to
that
attainable
for
variable-
frequency
tuning.
Its use pre-establishes the communica-
tion
channel, even
when
receiving conditions are poor,
without
necessitating atime-consuming search by the
operator.
1-29.
I-F
SECTION.
The
i-f section
of
the receiver in-
corporates the 455-kc i-f amplifier
wherein
practically
all
of
the overall
gain
and
selectivity
of
the receiver is
developed. Also,
it
incorporates the single-double con-
version switch, which assumes its single
or
double
con-
version position
dependent
on
whether
the
rotary
turret
is
indented
respectively
for
one
of
its three
lower
or
three
higher
frequency bands.
For
signals
tuned
in
on
one
of
the three lower frequency bands, the signal has
access
to
the 455-kc i-f amplifier
through
a455-kc i-f
gate.
For
this
condition
the switch
renders
the double-
conversion i-f channel inoperative.
For
signals
tuned
in
on
one
of
the three
higher
frequency bands,
the
signal
reaches the 455-kc i-f amplifier
through
the 3955-kc i-f
double-conversion channel.
For
this cOJ;ldition the switch
renders the 455-kc i-f
gate
inoperative.
The
six choices
of
receiver selectivity
provided
by the
"SELECTIYITY"
switch (22, figure
3-1)
are developed
in
the 455-kc i-f
channel
of
the receiver.
At
the
input
to the 455-kc i-f
amplifier is the 455-kc i-f crystal-filter circuit incorpo-
rated
in
the receiver.
The
use
of
the crystal filter enables
the receiver to
attain
the
three degrees
of
sharp
"XTAL"
selectivity.
The
precise antibacklash
gear-train
tuning
mechanism provides
for
completely accurate resetability
and
calibration accuracy
of
the receiver so
that
maximum
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1 Section I
Paragraphs
1-30
to
1-35
benefit can be derived
from
the
sharp,
crystal passbands
of
the 455-kc i-f crystal filter.
The
"XT
AL
PHASING"
control
(23)
is
part
of
the crystal filter.
The
455
-+-
3-kc
bfo
and
associated
"BEAT
OSc."
control
(10)
and
the
"IF
OUTPUT"
connector (6, figure
2-2)
are
associ-
ated
with
the 455-kc i-f channel
of
the
receiver.
1-30.
A-F
SECTION
AND
POWER
SUPPLY.
The
a-f
section
of
the
receiver incorporates
an
a-f amplifier to
develop
the
a-f
power
output
of
the receiver.
The
"AUDIO
GAIN"
control
(16, figure
3-1)
is used to
control
the receiver
output
to
the
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
terminals
(8,
figure
2-2)
and
that
to
the
"PHONES"
jack (20, figure
3-1).
The
self-contained
power
supply
develops all
the
a-c
and
the
doc
supply
voltages used by
rhe receiver.
The
critical
doc
supply
voltages are regu-
lated to
maintain
constant
the sensitivity
and
frequency
stability.
The
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11)
is
part
of
the
power-supply bias rectifier. Its chosen setting,
in
con-
junction
with
the
a-v-c system
of
the receiver,
when
used, determines the
gain
developed
in
the
r-f
and
i-f
sections
of
the receiver.
1-31.
CAPABILITIES
AND
LIMITATIONS.
1-32.
GENERAL.
The
radio
receiver provides
optimum
receiver
performance
when
properly
installed
and
oper-
ated.
The
antenna
input
connector
provides
for
connec-
tion
to
abalanced
doublet
or
single-wire
antenna
sys-
tem.
The
95-ohm cable used provides flexibility as
to
the
relative locations
of
the receiver
and
the
antenna
system.
In
use,
the
receiver may
be
subjected to temperatures
within
the
range
of
O°C
(32°F)
to
60°C
(140°F),
at
relative humidities
as
high
as 95 percent.
After
a
15-
minute
warmup
period,
the
frequency stability ranges
from
0.001
percent
to
0.01
percent
of
the
signal
fre-
quency.
The
receiver incorporates advanced design
and
shielding
to reduce
radiation
characteristics to amini-
mum.
This
enables the receiver to
maintain
performance
in
multi-receiver installations
and
to comply
with
ship-
board
regulations.
The
receiver embodies the necessary
chassis rigidity
to
withstand
severe
vibration
and
shock.
It
is adequately treated
with
fungicidal
varnish
to
con-
dition
it
for
tropical use.
1-33.
PRESELECTION.
The
image frequency
of
any
signal
tuned
in
on
the
receiver is
attenuated
to
the
ex-
tent
that
if
the desired signal
strength
were
one
micro-
volt,
the
strength
of
the image frequency signal
would
have to
be
at
least 4000 microvolts
(at
7.4 mc)
to
de-
velop
the
same receiver
output.
At
other
signal fre-
quencies
the
strength
of
the
image frequency
signal
would have
to
be
greater. Also,
if
the receiver
is
tuned
to 600 kc, a455-kc signal
input
to
the receiver
will
have
to
be
2700 microvolts
to
produce
the same effect as aone-
microvolt
signal
at
600 kc.
For
frequencies
other
than
600 kc, this 455-kc i-f rejection
ratio
of
the
receiver is
better. Likewise,
the
3955-kc i-f rejection ratio
of
the
receiver is 'it least 50,000
for
any
signal
frequency
on
bands
4,
5,
or
6,
the
frequency
bands
for
which
the
3955-
kc
i-f
channel
of
the receiver is operative.
1-34.
-SENSITIVITY.
The
receiver
threshold
sensitivity
(minimum
signal
input
to develop its
rated
a-f
output)
is
two
microvolts
for
an
A-M
signal,
and
0.75
microvolt
for
a
cow
signal,
or
better.
The
undistorted
power
output
of
the
receiver
at
threshold
sensitivity is
two
watts
or
better.
This
a-f
output
is
provided
at
asignal-plus-noise
to
noise
power
ratio
of
ten
to
one.
This
provides
for
optimum
receiver
performance
in
the
presence
of
a
weak
signal
tuned
in, since
the
background
noise caused by
the first electron
tube
and
the
antenna
r-f
tuner
does
not
interfere
with
reception.
The
receiver sensitivity may
be
reduced in
the
presence
of
a
strong
signal by
turning
the
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11, figure
3-1)
counterclock-
wise
from
its
maximum
clockwise position.
This
is
done
to
prevenr
overloading
of
the
r-f
and
i-f sections
of
the
receiver.
The
receiver a-f
output
may be decreased by
turning
the
"AUDIO
GAIN"
control
(16)
counterclock-
wise.
This
is
done
to
prevent
overloading
of
the
a-f
section
of
the
receiver
and
to
provide
for
comfortable
reception
at
the
desired a-f
output
level.
When
the
re-
ceiver a-v-c system is operative
and
the
"RF
GAIN"
control
is set to its
maximum
clockwise setting, the re-
ceiver
output
remains
constant
within
a
one-to-four
volt-
age
ratio
when
the
input
is increased
from
2
to
200,000
microvolts.
The
use
of
ave precludes excessive audio
out·
put
when
tuning
through
acarrier signal relatively
strong
compared
to
the
setting
of
the
"AUDIO
GAIN"
control,
and
compensates
for
the
possible
fading
char-
acteristics
of
the
signal
over
long
or
short
intervals
of
time.
1-35.
SELECTIVITY.
The
bandwidth,
or
selectivity,
of
the
receiver is adjustable to
provide
for
the
reception
of
asignal
under
varying
conditions
of
propagation.
Since noise, regardless
of
its
origin,
is
of
the
pulse type
and
comprises
all
frequencies,
the
noise level
in
the
audio
output
of
the
receiver
depends
upon
the
overall
selectivity
of
the
receiver.
The
"BROAD"
settings
of
the
"SELECTIVITY"
switch (22, figure
3-1)
produce
more
noise
output
than
the
"SHARP"
settings.
In
the
presence
of
noise,
it
is advantageous to restrict
the
overall
re-
ceiver
bandwidth
to
the
narrowest
possible, consistent
with
intelligible
reception. However, the
bandwidth
re-
quirements
vary
with
the type
of
signal
being
received.
For
phone
reception,
the
i-f
channel
bandpass
require-
ments are 455 kc ±2500 cps.
This
is also
the
require-
ment
for
single-tone
telegraph
reception.
For
keyed c-w
operation
such as slow-speed telegraph, teletype
(60
words
per
minute),
and
high-speed telegraph
(400
words
per
minute),
the
requirements
are
455 kc
-1-
50 cps, 455
kc ±
75
cps,
and
455 kc
-+-
600 cps, respectively.
When
two
tones,
one
for
"mark"
and
another
for
"space",
or
two
channels are used,
the
bandwidth
requirements
are
doubled.
The
bandwidth
requirements
also
depend
upon
the
frequency stability
of
the
received
signal
and
the
frequency stability
of
the
receiver itself.
For
reception
of
a
cow
signal, a
narrow
bandwidth
can be used.
To
provide
for
reception
of
phone
signals,
the
bandwidth
may be reduced to reduce noise
output;
however,
the
use
of
a
narrower
bandwidth
results
in
loss
of
the
higher-frequency
audio
components
in
the received sig-
nal
and
may
impair
the
intelligibility
of
reception. To
provide
for
reception
of
telegraph
or
teletype signals,
5
TABLE
II.
COMPONENTS
AND
AUXILIARY
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED BUT
NOT
SUPPLIED
*One
crystal
required
for
each
operational
signal fre-
quency.
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
TABLE
I.
EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED
Government
Designation
Navy
Type
-49507
Navy
Type
-49534
LS-3
RG-22/U
CR-18/U
Name
Cord, headset
Headset
Crystal, Specification
MIL-C-3098
Loudspeaker
Cable, lead-in
Antenna
system, bal-
anced
doublet
or
single wire
Source, a-c, single-
phase, 90 to 270V,
50
to
60
cps,
130
watts
1
1
1
1
1
AR
*AR
Quantity
UG-102/U
UG-104/U
PL-259
Plug,
antenna
connector
Adapter,
angle
plug
Plug, i-f
output
connector
Radio
Receiver,
Model
SP-600-JX-21
1
1
1
1
Government
Quantity
Name
Designation
Section I
Paragraphs
1-36
to
1-37
full
advantage
should
be taken
of
the
"SELECTIVITY"
switch positions to reduce
interfering
noise.
The
"SE-
LECTIVITY"
switch provides achoice
of
six degrees
of
overall
bandwidth.
The
sharp, crystal-derived band-
widths are 0.2 kc, 0.5 kc,
and
1.3 kc.
The
broad, non-
crystal
bandwidths
are 3.0 kc, 8.0 kc,
and
13.0 kc.
1-36.
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR PHONE OR
SLOW-SPEED TELEGRAPH RECEPTION.
1-37.
The
tabulation
of
the complete
equipment
re-
quired
for reception
of
phone
or
slow-speed telegraph
signals is subdivided
into
two tables.
The
equipment
supplied
and
covered by this publication
is
listed
in
table
I.
The
components
and
auxiliary
equipment
of
the
receiving system, required
but
not
supplied, are listed
in
table II.
6
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
SECTION
II
PREPARATION FOR
USE
Section
II
Paragraphs
2-1
to
2-9
2-1.
UNCRATING.
2-2.
Carefully remove
"the
receiver
from
its
shipping
container, using the
following
procedure:
a.
Remove the two steel straps
from
the
wooden
case.
b.
Remove the cover nailed
to
the case.
c.
Remove the excelsior
from
around
the
cartoned
re-
ceIver.
d. Remove the
cartoned
receiver
from
the
case.
e.
Remove the
waterproof
tape
from
the folds
of
the
waterproof
paper
wrapped
around
the
cartoned
receiver,
and
remove the
waterproof
paper
wrapper.
f.
Open
the
carton
and
remove the
inner
carton
con-
taining
the receiver.
g. Remove
the
vapor-proof
bag
from
around
the
inner
carton.
h.
Un
flatten the corners
of
the
inner
carton,
open
it,
and
remove the silica gel.
i. Remove the
wood
frame
from
the
carton,
and
the
corrugated
interiors
comprising
two
side pieces,
one
front, one back,
and
one top, each accordion folded.
j. Remove the receiver
and
set
it
out
of
the way
in
a
convenient
place
near
its final location.
k.
Put
all
packing
material
in
the
wooden
case
and
store.
2-3.
INSPECTION.
2-4.
When
the
receiver has
been
removed
from
its
shipping
container, carefully inspect
it
for
any signs
of
damage
that
may have occurred
in
shipment.
Inspect
the
front
panel controls, the
tuning
dial windows,
and
the
meter
for
any defects. Inspect the tubes
to
make
sure
that
they are firmly seated
in
their
sockets
and
that
none
are
broken. Inspect the fuses
in
the fuseholders
on
the
rear
apron
of
the
receiver to make certain
that
fuses
of
the
proper
ratings
are
inserted
in
the
fuseholders.
2-5.
REPLACEMENT OF
DEFECTIVE
PARTS.
2-6.
ELECTRON
TUBES.
If
defective electron tubes are
discovered
during
inspection, replacement
must
be
made
before
operation
is attempted.
To
replace defective elec-
tron
tubes use the
following
procedure. (See figure
2-1.)
a.
To
remove electron tubes
V17
and
V19,
the
top-
hat-type tube clamp
must
first be removed.
To
remove
the clamp, press
inward
on
the
spring,
while
lifting
the
clamp off the tube. Remove the tube by
drawing
it
out
from
its
tube
socket. Replace the
top-hat
clamp
by seat-
ing
it
on
the
top
of
the
tube so
that
the
vertical
bolt
adjacent
to
it
can
be
threaded
through
the
hole
in
the
spring,
with
pressure
providing
a
ratchet
motion
until
the
clamp
is firmly seated
in
place.
b.
To
remove
electron
tube
V4, loosen
the
knurled
screw
holding
the
tube
shield.
Then
turn
the
tube
shield
counterclockwise,
while
exerting
inward
pressure,
and
remove
the
tube shield.
The
tube is
of
the
pin
type
and
is removed
preferably
with
asuitable tube remover.
c.
To
remove any electron tube
other
than
V4
V17
or
V19, first remove
the
tube shield by
twisting
c~unter~
clockwise
while
exerting
inward
pressure.
All
tubes ex-
cept
V17
and
V19
are
of
the
pin
type,
and
are
preferably
removed
with
an
appropriate
tube remover.
2-7.
FUSES.
To
remove
either
the
1.6-ampere fuse
or
the
o/s-ampere fuse, located respectively
in
the
"LINE"
fuseholder
(11, figure
2-2)
and
the
"-B"
fuseholder
(1)
on
the
rear
apron
of
the receiver, press
in
the
top
of
the
fuseholder
while
turning
it
approximately
45 de-
grees
in
acounterclockwise direction.
Removing
the
pressure
in
this
position
will
release the fuse
which
is
spring-clamped
to
the
top
of
the fuseholder.
The
fuse
and
the
top
of
the
fuseholder
may
now
be
pulled
apart.
To
replace
either
fuse,
follow
the
reverse
procedure.
Be certain
to
use fuses
having
the
ratings
speci-
fied above. Use
of
any
other
fuses may
result
in
damage
to
the
receiver.
2-8.
SETTING UP
THE
RECEIVER.
2-9.
POWER
TRANSFORMER
CONNECTIONS.
When
shipped, the
power
transformer
primary
tap
of
the receiver is connected
to
operate
from
a50-
to
60-cps,
117-volt, a-c source.
If
the
receiver is
to
be
operated
from
other
than
a117-volt source, change the
primary
tap. connection.
Table
III shows
the
a-c source
voltage
ratIng
of
each
of
the
primary
tap
terminals,
which
are
TABLE
III.
POWER TRANSFORMER
TAP VOLTAGE RATINGS
Tap
No.
Voltage
Rating
295
3105
4117
5130
6190
7210
8234
9260
7
Section II
T.O.
31R~-4·101-1
27---
26
25
24
23
------or
....
22
3
21
4
20
5
19
18
7
17 16
8
10
II
15
1.
Electron
tube
V
12
2.
Electron
tube
V16
3.
Electron
tube
V
15
4.
Electron
tube
V17
5.
Electron
tube
V19
6.
Electron
tube
V20
7.
"GND"
terminal
8.
"ANT"
input
connector
9.
Electron
tube
V1
10.
Electron
tube
V3
11.
Electron
tube
V2
12.
Knurled
thumbscrew
13.
Retainer
spring
assembly
14.
Crystal
sockets
15.
Electron
tube
V5
16.
Electron
tube
V13
17.
Pilot
lamp
18.
Metal
buttons
19.
Electron
tube
V4
20.
Electron
tube
V8
21.
Electron
tube
V7
22.
Electron
tube
V6
23.
Electron
tube
V9
24.
Electron
tube
VIO
25.
Electron
tube
V18
26.
Electron
tube
V14
27.
Electron
tube
Vll
Figure
2-1.
Radio Receiver, Top
View
of
Chassis
8
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
Section
II
Paragraphs
2-10
to
2-11
identified by numerical designation
on
the
bottom
of
the
power
transformer
(13, figure
2-2).
Choose the power
transformer
primary
tap
whose voltage
rating
is closest to the available
a-c source voltage.
2-10.
CRYSTAL SELECTION
AND
MOUNTING.
When
fixed-frequency, crystal-controlled
operation
is
to
be utilized, the
proper
type
CR-18/U
crystal(s)'
must
be
obtained
and
inserted
into
the crystal
socket(s)
(14, fig-
ure
2-1).
When
ordering
acrystal, the crystal frequency
and
the signal frequency
should
be specified.
For
bands
1, 2,
and
3,
the
crystal frequency
can
be calculated by
adding
455 kc
to
the
signal frequency;
for
band
4,
in
the signal-frequency
range
of
7.4 mc to 12.045 mc,
the
crystal frequency can be calculated by
adding
3955
kc
to the signal frequency;
for
signal frequencies above
12.045 mc,
on
bands 4,
5,
and
6, the crystal frequency
can be calculated by
adding
3955 kc
to
the signal fre-
quency
and
dividing
the sum by three.
2-11.
To
mount
the crystal units
in
the
crystal sockets,
proceed
as
follows:
a.
Loosen the
knurled
thumbscrew
(12)
on
top
of
the
frequency-control unit,
and
push
the
retainer
spring
as-
sembly
(13)
to
the
rear.
b.
Insert
the
crystals
into
the crystal sockets
(14),
numbered
1
through
6,
on
the frequency-control
unit.
e.
Bripg
the
retainer
spring
assembly
forward
until
the springs are over
the
tops
of
the crystals
in
the
sockets,
and
tighten
the
knurled
thumbscrew.
d.
Using
a
pen
or
pencil,
mark
on
the plastic
chart
(9, figure
3-1)
the signal frequencies
for
which
the
crystals are
intended.
2
3
13
4
~
12
~'-
e
'"
5
II
10 9876
L
"-B"
fuse
2.
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
terminals
3.
"A
VC"
terminals
4.
"BFO
IN}"
control
5.
"METER
AD]
RF"
control
6.
"IF
OUTPUT"
connector
7.
"METER
AD]
AF"
control
8.
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
terminals
9.
Power
cord
10. "SPARE FUSES"
cover
1L
"LINE"
fuse
12.
"AC"
power
receptacle
13.
Power
transformer
Figure
2-2.
Radio Receiver, Rear
View
9
Section
II
Paragraphs
2-12
to
2-18
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
2-12.
INSTALLATION.
2-13.
MOUNTING.
The
receiver is designed
for
rack
mounting
in
a
standard
19-inch rack.
The
receiver
front
panel is 101
/2inches high.
Mount
the receiver in aposi-
tion which permits the free access
of
air.
2-14.
POWER.
Make
sure
that
the
primary-tap
lead
at the
bottom
of
the
power
transformer
is connected
to
the tap which
most
nearly agrees
with
the 50-cps
to
60-
cps
power
source voltage;
refer
to
paragraph
2-9.
Plug
the receiver
into
the
power
source
using
the receiver
power
plug.
2-15.
ANTENNA
AND
GROUND
CONNECTIONS.
The
antenna
input
circuit
of
the receiver is designed
to
accommodate abalanced
doublet
or
single-wire
antenna
installation;
however,
other
suitable
antenna
systems
specifically designed
for
the
desired
operating
frequency
may be used.
The
input
impedance
of
the receiver is
designed to match a95-ohm transmission line. Con-
nect the
antenna
to the
"ANT"
input
connector (8, fig-
ure
2-1)
using type
RG-22/U
cable, atype
UG-104/U
angle
plug
adapter,
and
atype UG-102/TJ connector
plug. Figure
2-3
illustrates the antenna-cable fabrica-
tion procedure.
If
asingle-wire
antenna
installation
is
to be used, connect the
antenna
lead-in wire to one
terminal
of
the
connector
plug
and
a
ground
lead
from
the
other
terminal
of
the connector
plug
to the receiver
"GND"
terminal
(7).
In
all installations,
bond
the re-
ceiver
"GND"
terminal
to the
installation
ground,
us-
ing
asuitable
bonding
strap.
2-16.
HEADSET.
For
monitoring
purposes,
plug
a
headset
into
the
"PHONES"
jack (20, figure
3-1).
Either
ahigh-impedance
or
alow-impedance headset may
be used; however, the high-impedance
(8000-ohm)
type
is recommended.
2-17.
LOUDSPEAKER.
Connect
a
permanent-magnet,
dynamic-type,
loudspeaker
w~.th
asuitable 600-ohm
matching
'transformer
across the
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
terminals (8, figure
2-2).
For
applications
requiring
the
insertion
of
d-c
control
or
indicating
voltages, re-
move
the
jumper
connecting the
two
balanced sections
of
the 600-ohm
output
at
the
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
ter-
minals,
and
connect the
insertion
circuit
in
its place.
When
the 600-ohm
output
is
not
used, connect
a600-ohm, 2-watt resistor across the
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
terminals to avoid
component
dam-
age
from
high
transient
peak voltages.
2-18.
RECEIVER
INTERCONNECTIONS
FOR
DIVER~ITY
RECEPTION.
a.
Receiver interconnections
for
space-diversity recep-
tion
of
phone
signals are
shown
in
figure
2-4.
Connect
the
"A
VC"
terminals (3, figure
2-2)
designated
"G"
on
each receiver to a
common
ground
and
interconnec.t
the
"A
VC"
terminals designated
"-"
on
the
two
re-
ceivers.
Open
the
jumpered
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
ter-
minals
(2)
on
one
of
the receivers,
and
connect the
COUPLING
RING
BACK SHELL FRONT
SHELL
Cut end of cable even. Remove vinyl
jacket
1-1/8
in.
Bare
5/8
in. of
conductors.
Tin
exposed
conductors
and
braid.
Slide coupling
ring
on
cable.
Screw
back
shell
on
cable.
Sol-
der
hole should align with
conductors
as
shown.
Assemble
front
shell
to back
shell.
Solder
holes
in both
front
and
back
shells
should align.
Solder
braid
to
shells
through
solder
holes.
Solder
conductors
to
contacts.
Do not
use
ex-
cessive
heat.
For
final
assembly;
screw
coupling
ring
on back
shell.
Figure
2-3.
Fabrication
of
Antenna
Cable
10
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
Section
II
KER
JUMPER REMOVED
/"
DIODE/OUTP~T
AVC
1-
-+G
AUDIO OUTPUT
0
o.------1:l
0
SP-600-JX-21
~
DIODE OUTPUT AVC
vG
-+-
AUDIO OUTPUT
a.---------o
SP-600-JX-21
TO
LOUDSPEA
Figure
2-4.
Receiver
Interconnections for
Phone
Space-diversity
Receiving
System
JUMPER REMOVED
jV
DIODE/OUT:UT
AVe
0 0
-+-G
AUDIO OUTPUT
0
a...-----u
0
SP-600-JX-21
DIODE OUTPUT
Ave
---r.
0 0
-+-G
AUDIO
OUTPUT
I
a..-----o
I
SP-600-JX
-21 I
AA/\
I
600
OHMS
2WATIS
TAPE
INK
-l-
RECORDER
Figure
2-5.
Receiver
Interconnections
for
Space-diversity
D-C
Output
Receiving
System
11
Section
11
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
DIODE OUTPUT AVC
a---u
1-
-+G
IF
AUDIO OUTPUT OUTPUT
1·.
0-
"""'"0
:~
[~}
SP-600-JX-21
••
FREQUENCY -SHIFT
I • • I
.....
I
••
••••.t\I\I'v- ••
••
:ICONVERTER
I
600
OHMS
I•
10·
,2
WATTS
II
I
II
~
II
r----------------~
I
r------------------------~
•
I
I
I
I
IDIODE OUTPUT AVC
I
0-
.."
I-+-G
I
IAUDIO OUTPUT
IF
I
~.
0.------0
.~
OUTPUT
I
[~]
III • • I
I
SP-600-JX-21
Ieo
••••
"/\/\/\,,.
•••
•
0-
I
••
II
II
600
OHMS
I2
WATTS
I
III
III
III
I
r------
JI
II
II
r--------------~
II
II
----
INDICATES CONNECTIONS
FOR
II
A-F
SIGNAL OUTPUT
II
II........ INDICATES CONNECTIONS
FOR
III-F SIGNAL OUTPUT
II
II
IIINDICATES CONNECTIONS COMMON
IL
___
~
TO
BOTH SYSTEMS
L
_____
~
RADIO TELETYPE
TERMINAL
EQUIPMENT
-------------
-0
L--
______________
-0
Figure
2-6.
Receiver
Interconnections
for Frequency-shift
Space-diversity
Receiving
System
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
terminals designated
"-"
to
the
like
terminal
of
the second receiver. Connect the loud-
speaker across the
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
terminals
(8)
of
the second receiver.
b.
For
space-diversity reception
of
cow
signals,
inter-
connect the
two
receivers
as
shown
in
figure
2-5.
Open
the
jumpered
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
terminals
of
one
of
12
the receivers,
and
connect the
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
ter-
minal
designated
"-"
to
the like
terminal
of
the second
receiver.
Connect
the three interconnected
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
terminals
to
the associated
recording
equip-
ment.
c.
The
interconnections required
for
space-diversity
reception
of
frequency-shift carrier signals are
shown
in
figure
2-6.
Interconnect
the
"AVC"
terminals
of
the
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1 Section
II
Paragraphs
2-19
to
2-20
COUPLING RING
PLUG
SUB-ASSEMBLY
Cut
end
of
cable
even.
Remove
vinyl
jacket
1-1/8
in.
Bare
5/8
in. of
center
conductor.
Trim
braided
shield.
Slide
coupling
ring
on
cable.
Tin
exposed
center
conductor
and
braid.
Screw
the
plug
sub-assembly
on
cable.
Solder
assembly
to
braid
through
solder
holes.
Use
enough
heat
to
create
bond
of
braid
to
shell.
Solder
center
conductor
to
contact.
,--
- -
--
.,.
.-,
..
For
final
assembly,
screw
coupling
ring
on
plug
sub-assembly.
figure
2-7.
fabrication
of
I-f
Output
Cable
two
receivers as
per
step
"a"
of
this
paragraph.
Keep
the
jumpers
across the
"DIODE
OUTPUT"
terminals
of
the receivers.
Connect
the frequency-shift converter
equipment
to the
"AUDIO
OUTPUT"
terminals
of
each
receiver
if
an
audio
signal is to be
applied
to the associ-
ated
terminal
equipment,
or
if
a45S-kc signal is
to
be
used, connect
the
"IF
OUTPUT"
connector (6, figure
2-2)
of
each receiver to the associated frequency-shift
converter
equipment,
using
RG-ll/U
cable
and
PL-259
plugs.
For
fabrication instructions applicable
to
the
i-f
output
cable,
refer
to figure
2-7.
2-19.
TESTING.
2-20.
When
the
equipment
has been installed, check
the complete
installation
for
proper
operation.
Turn
the
receiver
on
by
rotating
the
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11, fig-
ure
3-1)
in
aclockwise direction
from
its
"OFF"
posi-
tion
and
set
the
"SEND/REC"
switch
(21)
to
its "REC"
position.
Allow
the receiver
to
warm
up
for
15 minutes.
Then
check the
operation
of
the
receiver
in
the various
possible
modes
of
operation
on
each
of
the
six bands,
following
the
operating
procedures
outlined
under
para-
graph
3-25
as applicable.
13
Section
III
Paragraphs
3-1
to
3-13
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
SECTION
III
OPERATION
3-1.
GENERAL.
3-2.
For
optimum
receiver performance,
proper
operat-
ing
procedures
must
be observed.
The
complexity
of
the
operating
procedures depends primarily
upon
the type
of
signal to be received,
and
also
upon
the
quality
of
the
communications
link
between
transmitter
and
receiver.
The
receiver is adjusted
for
its various modes
of
oper-
ation
by means
of
the
appropriate
operating
controls.
3-3.
DESCRIPTION OF CONTROLS.
3-4.
The
contrpls used
in
normal
receiver
operation
are all located
on
the
front
panel
and
are
shown
10
figure
3-1.
All
references
to
the controls
conform
to
the
front
panel
designations.
3-5.
POWER.
A-c
power
is applied to the receiver cir-
cuits by
rotating
the
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11),
clock-
wise
from
its
"OFF"
position.
The
power
switch is
an
integral
part
of
the
"RF
GAIN"
control
assembly
and
its
actuation
is indicated by
an
audible click
and
by the
illumination
of
the
main
tuning
dial
(4)
and
the
vernier
dial
(6).
CAUTION
Once
power
has been
applied
to the receiver,
do
not
switch
it
off
momentarily
and
then
back
on.
The
high
initial filter-capacitor
charging
current
may cause the o/g-ampere fuse to fail.'
3-6.
"SEND/REC".
The
"SEND/REC"
switch
(21)
dis-
ables the r-f section
of
the receiver
when
actuated to the
"SEND"
position.
This
position is used
during
trans-
mission intervals
in
atwo-way communication system
to
prevent
possible damage to the receiver
from
the
strong
local transmission.
When
the switch is
returned
to its
"REC"
position,
normal
receiver
operation
is restored.
3-7.
"BAND
CHANGE".
The
"BAND
CHANGE"
switch
(17)
is
used to select the frequency
band
which
includes the desired signal frequency.
The
selected
band
is
indicated
at
the
"MEGACYCLES"
window
(5)
and
the
top
of
the main-dial movable
pointer
(2)
is auto-
matically positioned
to
indicate the main-tuning-dial
frequency
band
being
used.
3-8.
"TUNING".
For
variable-frequency
operation,
the
"TUNING"
control
(15)
is used
to
tune the r-f
amplifier section
of
the receiver
and
the variable-
frequency first heterodyne oscillator to
provide
for
re-
ception
of
the desired signal.
In
the
fixed-frequency,
crystal-controlled
mode
of
operation,
aseparate fixed-
frequency, crystal-controlled first heterodyne oscillator
is used,
and
the
"TUNING"
control
is used to tune
only the r-f circuits
for
acceptance
of
the desired signal.
The
"TUNING"
control
drives the vernier dial
(6),
14
visible
through
the
window
at
the
right
side
of
the
front
panel,
and
the main
tuning
dial
(4)
to indicate the fre-
quency selected.
3-9.
"TUNING
LOCK".
The
"TUNING
LOCK"
(14),
when
turned
in
aclockwise direction, clamps the vernier
dial
(6),
[he
main
tuning
dial
(4),
and
the
tuning
mech-
anism
at
the desired setting.
The
"TUNING"
control
(15)
remains free to turn.
The
"TUNING
LOCK"
pre-
vents accidental
detuning
of
the receiver due to severe
vibration
or
accidental
shifting
of
the
"TUNING"
con-
trol.
3-10.
"FREQ
CONTROL".
The
"FREQ
CONTROL"
selector switch
(8)
establishes the
mode
of
operation
of
the first heterodyne oscillator section
of
the receiver
and
also,
when
set to its various
"XT
ALS" positions,
establishes
the
oscillator frequency.
When
the
"FREQ
CONTROL"
selector switch is set to the
"VFO"
posi-
tion, the variable-frequency first heterodyne oscillator is
selected,
and
its frequency is determined by the
setting
of
the
"TUNING"
control
(15).
When
the
"FREQ
CONTROL"
selector switch is set to any
of
its six
"XT
ALS" positions, aseparate fixed-frequency, crystal-
controlled
first heterodyne oscillator is selected.
The
frequency
of
the oscillator is determined by the fre-
quency
of
the crystal inserted
into
the
numbered
crystal
socket
corresponding
to
the selected switch position.
3-11.
"6
FREQ".
The
"6
FREQ"
control
(7)
is used
to
tune the crystal selected by the
"FREQ
CONTROL"
selector switch
(8)
precisely to the
proper
frequency.
The
calibration
of
the
"/::,.
FREQ"
control
is arbitrary;
however, advancing the
control
from
the
"HIGH"
set-
ting
to the
"LOW"
setting
decreases the frequency
of
oscillation.
The
crystals employed have afrequency tol-
erance
of
0.005 percent,
and
the
"f:."
FREQ"
control
has adequate
range
to
compensate
for
deviations in
crystal frequency
within
these limits.
3-12.
"RF
GAIN".
The
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11),
when
turned
from
its
"OFF"
position, is used
to
control
the
gain
of
the r-f
and
i-f sections
of
the receiver.
When
the
control
is
turned
to
the
"OFF"
position, the a-c
power
switch associated
with
the
control
removes
power
from
the
receiver as described
in
paragraph
3-5.
The
"RF
GAIN"
control
functions
in
either position
of
the
"AVC/MAN"
switch
(12).
3-13.
"AVC/MAN".
The
"AVC/MAN"
switch
(12)
establishes the type
of
gain
control
used
in
the r-f
and
i-f
sections
of
the receiver.
When
the switch is actuated to
the
"MAN"
position, the
gain
of
the
r-f
and
i-f sections
is established by the
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11)
alone.
In
the
"A
VC"
position
of
the switch, adelayed a-v-c
system
of
control
is selected.
For
any fixed setting
of
the
"AUDIO
GAIN"
control
(16),
the receiver
output
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1 Section
III
Paragraphs
3-14
to
3-17
is
maintained
reasonably
constant
at
alevel
predeter-
mined
by
the
"RF
GAIN"
control
setting,
provided
that
the
input
signal
level
is
sufficient
to
overcome
the
delay
voltage
in
the
a-v-c system. A
minimum
carrier
level
of
two
microvolts
at
the
receiver
antenna
input
connector
is
required
for
normal
a-v-c
operatiqn.
3-14.
"AUDIO
GAIN".
The
"AUDIO
GAIN"
control
(16)
is
used
to
provide
comfortable
headset
and/or
loudspeaker
reception
or
to
provide
the
means
for
ad-
justing
the
audio
output
to alevel suitable
for
operat-
ing
auxiliary
equipment
associated
with
the
receiver.
3-15.
"SELECTIVITY".
The
"SELECTIVITY"
switch
(22)
has six
positions
which
establish receiver
band-
widths
of
0.2 kc, 0.5 kc,
or
1.3 kc
eXT
AL"),
or
3kc,
8kc,
or
13 kc
("NON-XT
AL").
Acrystal filter
incorpo-
rated
in
the
i-f section
of
the
receiver is utilized
in
the
three
"XT
AL"
positions
of
the
"SELECTIVITY"
switch.
In
the
three
"NON-XTAL"
positions,
the
crystal filter
is
shorted
out.
The
three
"XT
AL"
positions
provide
narrow
bandwidths
useful
in
the
rejection
of
adjacent-
channel
interference
and
are
used
under
conditions
of
extreme
interference
where
quality
or
fidelity
of
the
re-
ceiver
output
is
secondary
to
continuity
of
service.
3-16.
"XTAL
PHASING".
The
"XTAL
PHASING"
control
(23)
is
part
of
the
crystal filter
referred
to
in
paragraph
3-15,
and
functions
only
when
the
"SE-
LECTIVITY"
switch
(22)
is
set
to
one
of
its
three
"XT
AL"
positions.
When
adjacent-channel
interference
is
encountered,
the
"XT
AL
PHASING"
control
is ad-
justed
in
conjunction
with
the
"SELECTIVITY"
switch
to
provide
attenuation
of
the
interfering
carrier.
3-17.
"LIMITER/OFF".
The
"LIMITER/OFF"
switch
(19)
is used
under
conditions
of
ignition
or
similar
pulse-type noise
interference.
When
the
switch is set
to
the
"LIMITER"
positions,
the
limiter
circuit
in
the
re-
ceiver is
operational,
and
noise
(and
desired
audio)
is
removed
from
the
receiver
outpt·t
for
the.
interval
of
each noise pulse.
The
internal
limiter
circuit is disabled
by
actuating
the
switch
to
its
"OFF"
position.
2345678
23---.:--...;
22-------;
21
20
19
18
17
16
C
9
\..iJ
•
10
(.;<
II
I.
Tuning
meter
2.
Movable
pointer
3.
Fixed
pointer
4.
Main
tuning
dial
5.
"MEGACYCLES"
window
o.
Vernier
dial
7. "I'::, FREQ"
motrol
8.
"FREQ
CONTROL"
selector
switch
9.
Plastic
chart
1
o.
"BEAT
OSc."
control
11.
"RF
GAIN"
control
12.
"AVC/MAN"
switch
13.
"MOD/CW"
switch
14.
"TUNING
LOCK"
15.
"TUNING"
control
16.
"AUDIO
GAIN"
control
17.
"BAND
CHANGE"
switch
18.
"METER"
switch
19.
"LIMITER/OFF"
switch
20.
"PHONES"
jack
21.
"SEND/REC"
switch
22.
"SELECTIVITY"
switch
23.
"XTAL
PHASING"
control
Figure
3-1.
Radio
Receiver, Front
Panel
Controls
and
Indicators
15
Section
III
Paragraphs
3-18
to
3-24
T.O. 31R2-4-101-1
3-18.
"MOD/CW".
The
"MOD/CW"
switch
(13)
is
used to
control
operation
of
the
internal
bfo
of
the
re-
ceiver.
For
reception
of
amplitude-modulated
signals,
the
"MOD/CW"
switch is set to its
"MOD"
position
and
the
bfo
is disabled.
When
the
switch is
operated
to
the
"CW"
position,
plate
voltage
is
applied
to
the
bfo
through
the
switch,
and
b-f-o
operation
is
restored
to
provide
for
the
reception
of
unmodulated
signals. Ad-
ditionally,
a
separate
capacitor
is switched
into
the
a-v-c
circuit to increase the circuit time
constant
and
permit
a-v-c
operation
during
cow
reception.
3-19.
"BEAT
OSc.".
The
"BEAT
OSc."
control
(10)
is
used to
adjust
the
nominal
455-kc
frequency
of
the
receiver
bfo
within
the
range
of
±3kc,
thus
providing
avariable
tone
output
during
cow
reception.
The
setting
of
the
control
is
optional,
and
is
normally
set to
provide
the
most
intelligible
reception.
When
set exactly to 455
kc,
the
control
is useful
for
locating
and
tuning
in
weak
signals
of
any
kind, as well as
for
carrier
reinsertion
at
the
receiver
when
suppressed-carrier, single-
or
double-
sideband
signals are
being
received.
For
the
reception
of
frequency-shift
radio
teletype signals,
the
"BEAT
OSc."
control
is
adjusted
to
provide
the
proper
"mark"
and
"space"
frequencies
for
the
associated teletype
equipment.
The
bfo
is
operative
only
when
the
"MOD/CW"
switch
(13)
is
in
the
"CW"
position.
.1-20.
"METER".
The
"METER"
switch
(18)
is
used in
conjunction
with
the
tuning
meter
(1)
to
obtain
an
in-
dication
of
the
r-f
signal
input
to the receiver
and
the
a-f
output
to a
connected
load.
With
the
"METER"
switch
in
the
normal
"RF"
position,
the
"A
VC/MAN"
switch
(12)
set
to
the
"AVC"
position,
and
the
"RF
GAIN"
control
(11)
set
at
maximum,
the
tuning
meter
indication
as
read
on
the
upper
scale is
the
ratio
of
the
input
signal
level to a
signal
of
one
microvolt,
expressed
in
decibels.
The
meter
"RF"
indication
also
provides a
means
for
accurately
tuning
in
an
input
sig-
nal.
When
the
"METER"
switch is
held
in
its depressed
"AF"
position,
the
lower
scale
of
the
tuning
meter
indi-
cates
in
decibels the
ratio
of
the
receiver
audio
out-
put
to a
standard
reference
of
six milliwatts.
Always
turn
the
"AUDIO
GAIN"
control
(16)
fully
counterclockwise
and
make
certain
that
the
proper
load
is
connected
to the re-
ceiver
before
actuating
the
"METER"
switch to
the
"AF"
position.
Then,
with
the
switch de-
pressed, slowly advance
the
"AUDIO
GAIN"
control
to its
proper
setting.
Failure
to observe
this
precaution
may
result
in
damage
to the
tuning
meter.
3-21.
"PHONES".
The
"PHONES"
jack
(20)
provides
the
means
for
connecting
aheadset to
the
audio
output
section
of
the
receiver.
Either
high-impedance
or
low-
impedance
head
phones
may
be
plug-connected
to the
receiver.
The
high-impedance
type
is
recommended.
16
3-22.
PRESENTATIONS
AND
READINGS.
3-23.
TUNING
PRESENTATION.
The
main
tuning
dial
(4,
figure
3-1)
and
the
vernier
dial
(6)
are used to
accurately set the receiver
to
adesired signal frequency.
The
main
tuning
dial
has six
frequency
scales
calibrated
in megacycles,
and
an
arbitrary
outer
scale.
The
movable
pointer
(2)
is used to read the scale
corresponding
to
the
frequency
band
chosen
and
the fixed
pointer
(3)
is
used
to
read
the
arbitrary
outer
scale.
The
vernier
pointer
is used to
read
the
vernier
dial
(6),
which
has
an
arbitrary
0-to-l00
scale.
The
numeral
under
the fixed
pointer
of
the
main
tuning
dial
indicates
the
number
of
revolutions
that
have been
made
by the
vernier
dial
at
any
setting.
EXAMPLE:
When
the
fixed
pointer
of
the
main
tuning
dial indicates 4
and
the
vernier
dial indi-
cates 87.6,
the
reading
to
log
for
this
setting
is
487.6.
The
precise mechanical
vernier
system divides
the
rota-
tion
of
the
main
tuning
dial
over
each
frequency
band
into
approximately
600
vernier
divisions,
with
one-half-
division
calibration
points. Since
one-tenth
divisions
on
the
vernier
dial
may
be
estimated
accurately, each fre-
quency
band
is
divided
into
approximately
6000 reada-
ble settings.
Tnis
permits
extreme
accuracy
in
the log-
ging
of
stations.
3-24.
METER
READINGS.
When
the
receiver
is
used
for
headset
or
speaker
reception,
the
intelligibility
of
reception can be
determined
aurally.
When
the
receiver
is
used
for
teletypewriter
or
telegraph
recorded
copy,
the
intelligibility
of
reception can be
determined
vis-
ually.
In
either
instance,
when
reception
begins to de-
teriorate
on
a
particular
station
frequency,
the
remote
station
should
be notified by means
of
the associated
transmitter
so
that
the
operational
activity may be
switched to some
other
predetermined
operational
fre-
quency.
If
accurate
indications
of
the
received
carrier
strength
or
the
receiver
audio
output
are desired,
the
tuning
meter
(1)
may be used
[Refer
to
paragraph
.1-20
for
the
explanation
of
the
function
of
the
"ME-
TER"
switch
(18).]
Table
IV
may be used to
determine
the
r-f microvolts
or
a-f
milliwatts
equivalent
to
the
db
readings
of
the
r-f
and
a-f scale
calibrations
of
the
tun-
ing
meter.
With
the
"AUDIO
GAIN"
control
(16)
set
to
provide
500
milliwatts
to a600-ohm
matching
load,
TABLE
IV.
METER DECIBEL
CONVERSION
CHART
08
R-F
Microvolts
08
A-F
Milliwatts
-6
0.5
-10
0.6
006
+6
2
+6
24
+20
10
+10
60
+40
100
+15
190
+60
1,000
-1-
80 10,000
+100
100,000
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