Holtek HT46R47 User manual

HT46R47, HT46R22,
HT46R23, HT46R24
A/D Type MCU
Handbook
October 2004
Copyright Ó2003 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC. All rights reserved. Printed in Taiwan. No part of this publication
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical photo-
copying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC.

Contents
Part I Microcontroller Profile ................................................................... 1
Chapter 1 Hardware Structure ......................................................................................... 3
Introduction ....................................................................................................................3
Features ......................................................................................................................... 4
Technology Features ............................................................................................... 4
Kernel Features ....................................................................................................... 4
Peripheral Features ................................................................................................. 4
Selection Table .............................................................................................................. 5
Block Diagram ............................................................................................................... 6
Pin Assignment .............................................................................................................. 7
Pin Description ............................................................................................................... 8
Absolute Maximum Ratings ......................................................................................... 12
D.C. Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 12
A.C. Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 14
System Architecture ..................................................................................................... 15
Clocking and Pipelining ......................................................................................... 15
Program Counter ................................................................................................... 16
Stack ..................................................................................................................... 18
Arithmetic and Logic Unit -ALU ........................................................................... 18
Program Memory ......................................................................................................... 19
Organization .......................................................................................................... 19
Special Vectors ..................................................................................................... 20
Look-up Table ........................................................................................................ 20
Table Program Example ........................................................................................ 21
Data Memory ............................................................................................................... 22
Organization .......................................................................................................... 22
General Purpose Data Memory ............................................................................ 23
Special Purpose Data Memory ............................................................................. 24
Contents
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Special Function Registers .......................................................................................... 25
Indirect Addressing Registers -IAR, IAR0, IAR1 ................................................. 25
Memory Pointers -MP, MP0, MP1 ....................................................................... 25
Bank Pointer -BP ................................................................................................. 26
Accumulator -ACC ............................................................................................... 26
Program Counter Low Register -PCL ................................................................. 26
Look-up Table Registers -TBLP, TBLH ................................................................ 27
Status Register -STATUS .................................................................................... 27
Interrupt Control Registers -INTC, INTC0, INTC1 ............................................... 28
Timer/Event Counter Registers ............................................................................. 28
Input/Output Ports and Control Registers ............................................................. 28
Pulse Width Modulator Registers -PWM, PWM0, PWM1, PWM2, PWM3 .......... 29
I2C Bus Registers -HADR, HCR, HSR, HDR ....................................................... 29
A/D Converter Registers -ADRL, ADRH, ADCR, ADSR ..................................... 29
Input/Output Ports ........................................................................................................ 29
Pull-high Resistors ................................................................................................ 30
Port A Wake-up ..................................................................................................... 30
I/O Port Control Registers ..................................................................................... 30
Pin-shared Functions ............................................................................................ 30
Programming Considerations ................................................................................ 34
Timer/Event Counters .................................................................................................. 34
Configuring the Timer/Event Counter Input Clock Source .................................... 35
Timer Registers -TMR, TMRL/TMRH, TMR0L/TMR0H, TMR1L/TMR1H ............ 36
Timer Control Registers -TMRC, TMR0C, TMR1C ............................................. 37
Configuring the Timer Mode .................................................................................. 39
Configuring the Event Counter Mode .................................................................... 39
Configuring the Pulse Width Measurement Mode ................................................. 40
Programmable Frequency Divider -PFD ............................................................. 41
Prescaler ............................................................................................................... 42
I/O Interfacing ........................................................................................................ 42
Programming Considerations ................................................................................ 42
Pulse Width Modulator ................................................................................................. 42
6+2 PWM Mode .................................................................................................... 43
7+1 PWM Mode .................................................................................................... 44
PWM Output Control ............................................................................................. 45
Analog to Digital Converter .......................................................................................... 46
A/D Converter Data Registers -ADRL/ADRH ...................................................... 46
A/D Converter Control Register -ADCR .............................................................. 47
A/D Converter Clock Source Register -ACSR ..................................................... 49
A/D Input Pins ....................................................................................................... 49
Summary of A/D Conversion Steps ...................................................................... 50
A/D Transfer Function ........................................................................................... 52
I2C Bus Serial Interface ............................................................................................... 54
I2C Bus Slave Address Register -HADR ............................................................. 55
I2C Bus Input/Output Data Register -HDR ........................................................... 55
I2C Bus Control Register -HCR ........................................................................... 55
I2C Bus Status Register -HSR ............................................................................. 55
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A/D Type MCU

I2C Bus Communication ........................................................................................ 56
Interrupts ......................................................................................................................60
External Interrupt ................................................................................................... 63
Timer/Event Counter Interrupt ............................................................................... 63
A/D Interrupt .......................................................................................................... 64
I2C Interrupt ........................................................................................................... 64
Interrupt Priority ..................................................................................................... 64
Programming Considerations ................................................................................ 65
Reset and Initialization ................................................................................................. 65
Reset ..................................................................................................................... 65
Oscillator ......................................................................................................................72
System Clock Configurations ................................................................................ 72
System Crystal/Ceramic Oscillator ........................................................................ 72
System RC Oscillator ............................................................................................ 73
Watchdog Timer Oscillator .................................................................................... 73
HALT and Wake-up in Power Down Mode .................................................................. 73
Watchdog Timer ........................................................................................................... 74
Configuration Options .................................................................................................. 76
Application Circuits .......................................................................................................77
Part II Programming Language ............................................................. 81
Chapter 2 Instruction Set Introduction ......................................................................... 83
Instruction Set .............................................................................................................. 83
Instruction Timing .................................................................................................. 83
Moving and Transferring Data ............................................................................... 84
Arithmetic Operations ............................................................................................ 84
Logical and Rotate Operations .............................................................................. 84
Branches and Control Transfer ............................................................................. 84
Bit Operations ....................................................................................................... 84
Table Read Operations ......................................................................................... 85
Other Operations ................................................................................................... 85
Instruction Set Summary ............................................................................................. 85
Convention ............................................................................................................ 85
Chapter 3 Instruction Definition .................................................................................... 89
Chapter 4 Assembly Language and Cross Assembler .............................................. 101
Notational Conventions .............................................................................................. 101
Statement Syntax ...................................................................................................... 102
Name ................................................................................................................... 102
Operation ............................................................................................................ 102
Operand .............................................................................................................. 102
Comment ............................................................................................................. 103
Contents
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Assembly Directives .................................................................................................. 103
Conditional Assembly Directives ......................................................................... 103
File Control Directives ......................................................................................... 104
Program Directives .............................................................................................. 105
Data Definition Directives .................................................................................... 108
Macro Directives .................................................................................................. 110
Assembly Instructions ................................................................................................ 112
Name ................................................................................................................... 112
Mnemonic ............................................................................................................ 112
Operand, Operator and Expression ..................................................................... 112
Miscellaneous ........................................................................................................... 114
Forward References ............................................................................................ 114
Local Labels ........................................................................................................ 114
Reserved Assembly Language Words ................................................................ 115
Cross Assembler Options .......................................................................................... 116
Assembly Listing File Format ..................................................................................... 116
Source Program Listing ....................................................................................... 116
Summary of Assembly ......................................................................................... 117
Miscellaneous ...................................................................................................... 117
Part III Development Tools ................................................................... 119
Chapter 5 MCU Programming Tools ............................................................................ 121
HT-IDE Development Environment ............................................................................ 121
Holtek In-Circuit Emulator -HT-ICE .......................................................................... 122
HT-ICE Interface Card ......................................................................................... 122
OTP Programmer................................................................................................. 123
OTP Adapter Card .............................................................................................. 123
System Configuration ................................................................................................ 123
HT-ICE Interface Card Settings.............................................................................124
Installation .................................................................................................................. 125
System Requirement ........................................................................................... 125
Hardware Installation .......................................................................................... 125
Software Installation ............................................................................................ 125
Chapter 6 Quick Start ................................................................................................... 129
Step 1 -Create a New Project ............................................................................ 129
Step 2 -Add Source Program Files to the Project ............................................. 129
Step 3 -Build the Project .................................................................................... 129
Step 4 -Programming the OTP Device .............................................................. 129
Step 5 -Transmit Code to Holtek ....................................................................... 130
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A/D Type MCU

Appendix ................................................................................................. 131
Appendix A Device Characteristic Graphics .............................................................. 133
Appendix B Package Information ................................................................................ 143
Contents
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A/D Type MCU

Preface
Since the founding of the company, Holtek Semiconductor Inc. has concentrated much of its de-
sign efforts in the area of microcontroller development. Although supplying a wide range of semi-
conductor devices, the microcontroller category has always been a key product category within
the Holtek range, and one which will continue to expand as their devices increase in functionality
and maturity. By capitalizing on the substantial accumulated skills within its dedicated
microcontroller development department, Holtek has been able to release a comprehensive
range of high quality low-cost microcontroller devices for a wide range of application areas. Many
important applications need to process analog signals such as those which interface to external
sensors. All of these applications require analog to digital signal conversion by an A/D converter
before they can be processed by the microcontroller. To address these needs, Holtek has devel-
oped its range of A/D microcontrollers, which in addition to having all the features and functions of
the I/O range of devices, also include integrated multi-channel A/D converters of varying resolu-
tion and channel capacity. The inclusion of PWM functions and an I2C interface further enhance
the features and application possibilities of the A/D series of microcontrollers.
This handbook is divided into three parts for user convenience. Most details regarding general
datasheet information and device specification is located within Part I. Information related to
microcontroller programming such as device instruction set, instruction definition, and assembly
language directives is found within Part II. Part III relates to the Holtek range of Development Tools
where information can be found on their installation and use.
By compiling all relevant data together in one handbook, we hope users of the Holtek range of A/D
Type microcontroller devices will have at their fingertips a useful, complete and simple means to ef-
ficiently implement their microcontroller applications. Holtek¢s efforts to combine information on de-
vice specifications, programming and development tools into one publication have produced a
handbook which with careful use by the user should result in trouble free designs and the maxi-
mum benefit being gained from the many features of Holtek microcontroller devices. We welcome
feedback and comments from our customers regarding further improvements.
Preface
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A/D Type MCU

Part I
Microcontroller Profile
Part I Microcontroller Profile
1