HP HP-65 User guide

HEWILETTT.-PAGCKARID
KRGS
Owner’s Handbook

HEWLETT hp] PAGKARD
&
HP-65
Owner’s Handbook
January 1974
00065-90200
PRINTED IN U.S.A. ©HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY 1974

Table of Contents
Introduction 4-17)
Three Ways to Use the HP-65 . ................ 4
1. Calculating Manually ...................... 5
2. Running a Prerecorded Program ............ 11
3. Creating Your OwnProgram ................ 14
1. General Instructions (18-26)
Clear Operations ..........c.c.coviviniiinenn. 18
Display .. ... 19
Keying in Large and Small Numbers ........... 23
Last X ... 24
Stack Lift Enable, Disable .................... 26
2. Registers (27-35)
Addressable Registers .................... ... 27
Additional Stack Operations .................. 30
Recalling « « . voove e 32
A Compound Growth Schedule ................ 33
3. Functions (35-47)
Functions Involving Angles ................... 36
CONVEISIONS ..ottt 43
Functions of x and the Exponential Function (yx) . 44
4. Programming (48-78)
LookingataProgram ........................ 48
Control Operations .................coouan.. 50
Editing Operations ........... ... ... ... . ... 57
Test Operations ............ ... ... .ot 59
A Complete Problem . ........................ 66
Miscellaneous Programming Topics ............ 76
Programming is a Creative Process ............ 78

Appendices (79-96)
Appendix A: Operating Limits ................. 79
Appendix B: Accessories ..................... 83
Appendix C: Service and Maintenance .......... 85
Appendix D: Common Errors ................. 95
List of Illustrations
Figure 1-1. Blinking Display Errors ............ 22
Figure 3-1. Functions Involving Angles ......... 37
Figure 3-2. Conversionsof X .................. 42
Figure 3-3. Functions of x and Exponential
Function (yX) ........ ... ... ... .... 45
Figure 4-1. Memory, Codes, and the
Single StepKey ................... 51
Figure 4-2. Control Operations for
Defining Functions ................ 52
Figure 4-3. Control Operations for
Stopping and Branching ........... 56
Figure 4-4. Editing Operations ................ 60
Figure 4-5. Operations Used for
Programmed Decisions ............ 63
Figure 4-6. CalculationResults ................ 67
Figure 4-7. Graphic Representation of
Program Tasks ................... 68

Introduction
Three Ways to Use the HP-65
Congratulations on purchasing your HP-65 Programmable
Pocket Calculator. In addition to all the computational capa-
bilities that have made the earlier HP-35 and HP-45 models so
popular with professional people, your new HP-65 offers a fea-
ture that no other pocket calculator can provide: true program-
mability.
Simply defined, programmability is the HP-65’s ability to learn,
remember, and automatically execute the keystroke sequence
required to solve a particular type of problem. The value of this
feature becomes clearer when we consider that most of us who
routinely work with numbers spend a great deal of time doing
the same types of calculations over and over again. No matter
whether we're preparing flight plans, surveying construction sites,
calculating returns-on-investment, or designing power supplies,
we can all identify repetitive, time-consuming problems which
diminish our productivity and frustrate our goals.
Although programmable computers and desk-top calculators
have been available for some time, their expense, complexity
and non-portability have made them inappropriate or impractical
for many tasks. The real significance of the HP-65 is that it
overcomes these limitations and lets almost anyone enjoy the
advantages —speed, accuracy, convenience —of a programmable
calculating device.
You can use this powerful device in three ways:
1. To Calculate Manually
You control every step of the calculation by pressing keys in the
actual order of execution: you enter data, perform functions,
store results, control display, etc., by pressing keys.
2. To Run a Prerecorded Program
By using prerecorded magnetic cards (like those supplied in the
Standard Pac shipped with your calculator) you can do highly
complex calculations with minimal effort or study of the calcu-
lator itself. You load a card into the calculator and let the stored
4

program handle the busy part of the calculation. Typically, you
just key in the data and start the program running. The program
stops when it needs more data or when it displays a result.
3. To Create, Record, and Execute Your Own Programs
No prior programming experience is necessary to program the
HP-65. You can easily define the five zop row keys to calculate
functions of your own creation for use alone or with other pro-
grams. You plan your problem in terms of the keystrokes needed
for calculation and the additional keystrokes needed to control
your program. You set the mode switch to W/PRGM position
and key the keystroke sequence into memory. You may then re-
cord your program for future re-entry by merely passing a mag-
netic card through the calculator. Upon switching back to RUN
mode, you can execute your stored program.
In this introduction, we will briefly demonstrate these three
methods. We suggest that you do the examples to confirm that
your calculator works properly and to become familiar with it.
1. Calculating Manually
Getting Started
Your HP-65 Pocket Calculator is shipped fully assembled includ-
ing a battery. Before using the calculator for portable use, charge
it for 14 hours as described in Appendix C. You may run the
calculator on battery power alone or you may connect the battery
charger and run while the battery is charging. To get started:
= Set W/PRGM —RUN switch to RUN position.
®= Turn OFF—ON switch to ON position.
You should now see displayed [lili}; if not, please turn to Ap-
pendix C.
Keying In Numbers
Key in the number and include the decimal point if it is a part
of the number. For example, try keying in 314.32 which would
be done by merely pressing:
BoEEEE

| Display
— W/PRGM-RUN Switch
OFF-ON Switch —]
Window
User Definable Function Keys
opgEEa
Blue Downshift Key
Gold Upshift Keys =
Arithmetic Keys
+
%
@ HEWLETT-PACKA

If you make a mistake when keying in a number, clear the entire
number by pressing ‘€LX (clear X); then key in the number cor-
rectly.
Negative Numbers. To key in a negative number, press
(change sign) after keying in the positive value. For example, to
key in —12:
Press: 12 |CHS
To change the sign of a negative or positive number, press CHS .
For example, to change the previous number back to a positive
12:
Press: CHS
Performing Simple Arithmetic
In the HP-65 arithmetic answers are calculated by pressing + ,
- ,/x , or/+ . For any problem having two numbers and one
arithmetic operator, you key in the first number and save it by
pressing |ENTER4 ; then you key in the second number and follow
it by the arithmetic operator. For example, add 12 and 3 by
pressing:
12 (ENTER® 3 +
The calculator uses the last number saved and the last number
keyed in: it adds the latter to the number saved; it subtracts the
latter from the number saved; it multiplies the latter by the num-
ber saved; or it divides the latter into the number saved. For
example, you can subtract 3 from 12 by pressing:
12 ENTER4 3 -
To divide 12 by 3, press:
12 ENTER¢ 3 +
Nonarithmetic Functions
A blue symbol on the inclined lower key surface denotes the
function of the key when preceded by the downshift [@ key. A
gold symbol above the key denotes the function of the key when

preceded by the upshift [ key; the same gold symbol above a
key denotes the inverse (or complement) of the function of the
key when preceded by the [ key. To use a blue or gold function,
press the appropriate shift key (|81, [, or ) immediately be-
fore pressing the selected key. For example, you
Compute
sin (90°)=1
arc sin (.5)=30°
1/5=.2
By Pressing See Displayed
90 [l (510 1.00
5 W N 30.00]
5 @ A XN
The Operational Stack
There are four working registers in the HP-65 called X, Y, Z, and
T. They are arranged in a ‘stack’ with X on the bottom (see below).
To avoid confusion between
the name of a register and its
contents, the register is desig-
nated in this handbook by a
capital letter and the contents
Contents Location
t T
z z
y Y
X X
by a small letter. Thus x, y, z,
and t are the contents of the
X, Y, Z, and T registers.
When you key in a number, it goes into X, the displayed register.
When you press [ENTER®| , this number is also reproduced in Y.
At the same time Y is transferred to Z, z is transferred to T, and
tis lost (see below):
Press
Contents l Location
ENTER#
_/(Iost)
—
e