HP 8660C User manual

Printed JANUARY 1981
©Hewlett-Packard Co. 1975,1977,1979, 1981

General Information
Model 8660C
Figure 1-1. Model 8660C and Accessories Supplied
1-0

Model 8660C
General Information
SECTiOM I
GEiMERAL INFORMATION
1-1. INTRODUCTION
1-2. This manual contains all information required
to install, operate, test, adjust and service the
Hewlett-Packard Model 8660C Synthesized Signal
Generator mainframe. This section covers instru¬
ment identification, specifications and other basic
information. Figure 1-1 shows a front view of the
instrument and accessories supplied.
1-3. The other various sections of this manual
provide information as follows:
a. SECTION II, INSTALLATION, provides
information relative to incoming inspection, power
requirements, mounting, packing for shipment, etc.
b. SECTION in, OPERATION, provides
information relative to operating the instrument.
c. SECTION IV, PERFORMANCE TESTS,
provides information required to ascertain that the
instrument is performing in accordance with pub¬
lished specifications.
d. SECTION V, ADJUSTMENTS, provides
information required to properly adjust and align
the instrument after repairs are made.
e. SECTION VI, REPLACEABLE PARTS,
provides ordering information for all replaceable
parts and assemblies.
f. SECTION VII, MANUAL CHANGES,
provides manual change information necessary to
document all prefixes listed on the title page. In add¬
ition, this section also contains recommended modi¬
fications for the earlier instrument configurations.
g. SECTION VIII, SERVICE, includes all
information required to service the instrument
when a malfunction occurs.
1-4. Packaged with this instrument is an Operating
Information Supplement. This is simply a copy of
the first three sections of this manual (less Table
1-2). This supplement should stay with the instru¬
ment for use by the operator. Additional copies of
the Operating Information Supplement may be
ordered separately through your nearest Hewlett-
Packard office. The part number is listed on the
inside title page of this manual below the Manual
Part Number.
1-5. Also listed on the inside title page of this
manual, below the manual part number, is a
“Microfiche” part number. This number may be
used to order 4x6 inch microfilm transparancies
of the manual. Each microfiche contains up to 60
photo-duplicates of the manual pages. The micro¬
fiche package also includes the latest Manual
Changes Supplement as well as all pertinent Service
Notes.
1-6. SPECiFiCATlONS
1-7. Instrument specifications are listed in Table
1-1. These specifications are the performance
standards or limits against which the instrument
may be tested.
1-8. INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY MANUAL
1-9. This instrument has a two-part serial number.
The first four digits and the letter comprise the
serial number prefix. The last five digits form the
sequential suffix that is unique to each instrument.
The contents of this manual apply directly to
instruments having the same serial number pre-
fix(es) as listed under SERIAL NUMBERS on the
inside title page.
1-10, An instrument manufactured after the print¬
ing of this manual may have a serial prefix that is
not listed on the inside title page. This unlisted
serial prefix indicates that the instrument is dif¬
ferent from those documented in this manual. The
manual for this instrument is supplied with a
yellow Manual Changes supplement that contains
“change information” that documents the
differences.
1-11. In addition to change information, the sup¬
plement may contain information for correcting
errors in the manual. To keep this manual as
current and accurate as possible, Hewlett-Packard
recommends that you periodically request the
latest Manual Changes supplement for this manual.
The supplement for this manual is keyed to this
manual’s print date and part number, both of
1-1

General Information
Model 8660C
Table 1-1. Model 8660C Specifications (1 of 2}
SPECIFICATIONS
Frequency Selection:
Keyboard control panel allows selection of CW (or
center frequency) by entry keys or synthesized
tuning dial. Least significant digit either 1 Hz
(standard) or 100 Hz (Option 004).*
Reference Oscillator:
Internal: 10 MHz quartz oscillator. Aging rate less
than ±3 parts in 10® per 24 hours after 72 hour
warmup (±3 parts in 10® per 24 hours after 30
day warmup, Option 001).
External: Rear panel switch allows operation from
any 5 MHz or 10 MHz signal at a level between
0.5V and 2.5V rms into 170 ohms. Stability
and spectral purity will be partially determined
by characteristics of external reference oscillator.
Reference Output:
Rear panel BNC connector provides output of sig¬
nal selected (INT. or EXT.) at the following levels
into 170 ohms:
Internal Reference: 0.75V to 1.5 Vrms.
External Reference: Nominally equal to external
input.
Display:
Ten-digit numerical LED display of CW frequency
is active in either local or remote mode. Spring-
loaded pushbuttons provide display of sweep width,
selected step size, or characters being entered on
the keyboard.
Synthesized Search:
Synthesized search dial changes the synthesized out¬
put frequency 180 steps per revolution (with the
86601A, the COARSE and STEP tuning are desensi¬
tized to 36 steps/revolution). Step sizes are 1 Hz,
1 kHz, 1 MHz, or any step size entered through the
keyboard.
Digital Sweep:
Type: Symmetrical about CW/center frequency.
Sweep width is divided into 100 synthesized
steps for fastest sweep speed or 100 steps for
slower speeds or Manual Sweep.
Sweep Width: Continuously adjustable over range
of RF section installed. Smallest step size is
equal to frequency resolution of mainframe.
Sweep End Point Accuracy: Same as reference oscil¬
lator accuracy.
Sweep Speed: Selectable 0.1 sec, 1 sec, or 50 sec
per sweep (Auto or Single).
Sweep Output: 0 to +8V stepped ramp, 100 or
1000 equal steps depending on sweep speed.
Manual Sweep: Synthesized search dial allows
manual sweep over width selected in 1000 steps
(LED display follows output frequency during
manual sweep).
Single Sweep: Initiated by momentary contact
pushbutton.
Frequency Stepping:
After a step size has been entered on the keyboard,
depressing STEP t or STEP 4 button will increment
frequency up or down by the desired step size.
Step Accuracy: Same as reference oscillator accuracy.
REMOTE PROGRAMMING
CW frequency, frequency stepping (STEP t or STEP 4)
and output level, and most modulation functions are
programmable. Note: digital sweep is NOT
programmable.
Frequency:
CW frequency is programmable over entire range
with same resolution obtained in manual operation.
Frequency Step:
STEP t or STEP 4- may also be programmed to change
output frequency by a previously selected step size.
Output Level:
Programmable in 1 dB steps over the output range of
the RF section installed (for output level accuracy
see RF section specifications).
Modulation: See specifications for modulation and RF
section installed.
Programming Input:
Connector Type: 36 pin Cinch type (mating connec¬
tor supplied). (Optional HP-IB interface; 24 pin
Cinch type 57 (mating connector NOT supplied)).
Logic: TTL compatible (negative true)
“0” logic state corresponds to +2V or higher.
“1” logic state corresponds to +0.8V or lower.
Internal Fan-in from Programming Connector:
10; (required current approximately 15 mA per line
in the “1” state).
*When using 86603A RF section above 1300 MHz least significant digit becomes either 2 Hz (standard) or 200 Hz
(Option 004).
1-2

Model 8660C
General Information
Table 1-1. Model 8660C Specifications (2 of 2)
GENERAL
Operating Temperature Range: 0° to +55°C.
Leakage: Meets radiated and conducted limits of
MIL I-6181D.
Power; 100 or 120 Vac, +5 —10% at 48 to 440 Hz.
200 or 240 Vac, +5 -10% at 48 to 66 Hz.
400 VA maximum.
Weight: (Mainframe only); Net, 23.2 kg (51 !b),
Shipping 28.6 kg (63 lb).
Options:
Option 001: ±3 x 10'^ /day internal reference
oscillator.
Option 002: No internal reference oscillator.
Option 003: Operation from 50 to 400 Hz line.
Option 004: 100 Hz frequency resolution (200 Hz
above 1300 MHz center frequency.)
Option 005: HP-IB programming interface.
Option 100: 11661B factory installed.
Option 908: Rack Mounting Kit.
which appear on the inside title page. Compli¬
mentary copies of the supplement are available
from Hewlett-Packard.
1-12. For information concerning a serial number
prefix not listed on the inside title page or in the
Manual Changes supplement, contact your nearest
Hewlett-Packard office.
1-13. DESCRIPTION
1-14. The Model 8660C Synthesized Signal Gener¬
ator Mainframe requires two plug-in sections to
provide a useable RF output. The plug-ins required
are an RF Section and a Modulation (or Auxiliary)
Section. These plug-in sections are inserted into the
front of the Model 8660C; all operating controls
are on the front panels of the plug-in sections or on
the mainframe panel.
1-15. An internal plug-in unit, the Frequency
Extension Module (HP accessory number 11661) is
required when any RF Section other than the HP
Model 86601 is in use,
1-16. GENERAL OPERATING PRINCIPLES
1-17. All of the signals generated in the Model
8660C are phase locked, directly or indirectly, to a
100 MHz master oscillator in the reference section.
The 100 MHz master oscillator is phase locked to
an internal temperature controlled oscillator or to
an external standard. Provisions are made for the
internal oscillator to be used as a reference signal
for other equipment.
1-18. The Model 8660C uses synthesizer tech¬
niques to provide digitally controlled, precise RF
signals which are used in the RF Section output
plug-ins to produce the selected output frequency.
The output frequencies are exactly those selected
in 1 Hz or 2 Hz increments in the standard
instruments, or in 100 Hz or 200 Hz increments in
Option 004 instruments.
1-19. Six phase locked loops, (four in Option 004
instruments), all phase locked to the 100 MHz
master oscillator, are used to generate the RF
signals used in the RF Section plug-ins to produce
the final output signal.
1-20. The Model 8660C output frequency may be
selected by front panel controls or by a remote
programming device.
1-21. Operating of the plug-in sections may also be
remotely programmed through the mainframe
circuits.
1-22. Descriptions, operating instructions and ser¬
vice information for the various plug-in sections is
provided in separate manuals.
NOTE
The 8660 family, and plug-ins available
are described briefly on the first foldout
Sheet.
1-23. OPTIONS
1-24. Option 001: Reference Oscillator with ± 3
X 10'® / per day stability.
1-25. Option 002: No internal standard reference
oscillator.
1-26. Option 003: 50 to 400 Hz ac operation.
1-27. Option 004: 100 Hz resolution below
1300 MHz, 200 Hz resolution above 1300 MHz.
1-3

General Information
Model 8660C
1-28. Option 005. Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus
installed instead of BCD interface. HP-IB utilizes
some ASCII interface codes (also previously refer¬
red to as General Purpose Interface Bus).
1-29. Option 100. Adds an internal plug-in, the
11661 (for use with an 86602 or 86603 RF Sec¬
tion) before the instrument is shipped from the
factory.
1-30. Option 908. Adds a rack mounting kit. If the
8660C was purchased without the rack mounting
option, the kit may be ordered from the nearest
Hewlett-Packard office using HP part number
08660-60347.
1-31. EQUIPMENT REQUIRED BUT NOT
SUPPLIED
a. A detachable three-wire power cable. The
type of power cord will be determined by the ship¬
ment destination.
b. An accessory kit, part number 08660-
60070, consisting of the following:
1 Connector, Type N-to-BNC
1 Extender Board, 20 contact
1 Extender Board, 24 contact
2 Extender Boards, 15 contact
1 Extender Board, 18 contact
1 Connector 36 pin with hood
and clamp
1 Extender Board A3 Interface,
18 Contact
1 Extender Board A3 Interface,
12 Contact
1 Interface Extender Board Cable
1250-
5060-
5060-
5060-
6060-
0780
0256
0258
0276
0277
1251-0084
08660-60348
08660-60349
08660-60361
1-32. An RF Section and a Modulation or Auxil¬
iary Section must be installed in the Model 8660C
mainframe. In addition when an RF Section such
as the 86602 or 86603 is used, the internal Fre¬
quency Extension Module (Model 11661) must be
used.
1-33. EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE
1-34. A service kit, Hewlett-Packard accessory
number 11672A, is recommended for servicing and
adjusting the mainframe and the plug-in sections.
Contents of the service kit are listed in Table 1-2.
Individual items in the kit may be ordered separ¬
ately if desired.
1-35. ACCESSORIES SUPPLIED
1-36. The following accessories are provided with
the Model 8660C:
1-37. WARRANTY
1-38. Certification and warranty information for
the Model 8660C appears on the inside front cover
of this manual.
1-39. TEST EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES
1-40. Table 1-2 lists the test equipment and acces¬
sories recommended to test, adjust, and service the
Model 8660C.
1-41. ELECTRICAL PROTECTION
1-42. The safety classification of this instrument is
Safety Class I.
1-43. This apparatus has been designed and tested
to operate in a safe manner. The Operating and
Service Manual contains information, warnings and
cautions which must be followed by the user to
ensure safe operation and to retain safe operating
conditions.

Model 8660C
Installation
2-1. INTRODUCTION
2-2. This section provides information on in¬
coming inspection, selecting the input line voltage,
operating environment, and information applicable
to bench and rack mounted operation of the Model
8660C.
2-3. INITIAL INSPECTION
2-4. Inspect the shipping container for damage. If
the shipping container or cushioning material is
damaged it should be kept until the contents of the
shipment have been checked mechanically and
electrically. The contents of the shipment are
shown in Figure 1-1, and the procedures for
checking electrical performance are given in
Section IV. If the contents are incomplete, if there
is mechanical dam^e or defects, or if the instru¬
ment does not pass the electrical performance test,
notify the nearest Hewlett-Packard office. If the
shipping container is damaged or the cushioning
material shows signs of stress, notify the carrier as
well as the Hewlett-Packard office. Keep the
shipping materials for the carrier’s inspection. The
HP office will arrange for repair or replacement
without waiting for claim settlements.
2-5. The warranty statement for the instrument is
on the inside front cover of this manual. Contact
the nearest Sales/Service Office for information
relative to warranty claims.
2-6. PREPARATION FOR USE
2-7. Power Requirements.
2-8. The Model 8660C requires a power source of
100, 120, 220, or 240 volts +5%, -10%, 48-66 Hz.
Power consumption is approximately 400 VA
maximum.
2-9. Line Voltage Selection
CAUTION
To prevent damage to the instrument
make the line voltage selection BEFORE
connecting the line power. Also ensure
the line power cord is connected to a
line power circuit that is provided with a
protective earth contact.
2-10. A rear panel line power module, (A7),
permits operation from 100,120, 220, or 240 Vac.
The number visible in the window (located on the
module) indicates the nominal line voltage to
which the instrument must be connected.
2-11. To prepare the instrument for operation,
slide the fuse compartment cover to the left (the
line power cable must be disconnected). Pull the
handle marked FUSE PULL and remove the fuse;
rotate the handle to the left. Gently pull the
printed circuit voltage selector card from its slot
and orient it so that the desired operating voltage
appears on the top-left side (see Figure 2-1).
Firmly push the voltage selector card back into its
slot. Rotate the FUSE PULL handle to the right,
install a fuse of the correct rating, and slide the
fuse compartment cover to the right.
NOTE
For 110-~120V line, use 4A slo-blo fuse, HP
Stock No. 2110-0635. For 220-240V line,
use 2A slo-blo fuse, HP Stock No. 2110-0303.
To avoid the possibility of injury or death,
the following precautions must be followed
before the Instrument is switched on:
a. Note that the protection provided by
grounding the instrument cabinet may be lost
If any power cable other than the three¬
pronged type supplied is used to couple the
ac line voltage to the instrument.
b. If this Instrument is to be energized via an
autotransformer to reduce or increase the line
voltage, make sure that the common terminal
is connected to the earthed pole of the power
source.
c. The power cable plug shall only be inserted
into a socket outlet provided with a protec¬
tive earth contact. The protective action must
not be negated by the use of an extension cord
without a protective conductor (grounding).
d. Before switching on the instrument, the
protective earth terminal of the instrument
must be connected to a protective conductor
of the power cord. This is accomplished by
ensuring that the instrument's internal earth
terminal is correctly connected to the instru¬
ment's chassis and that the power cord is
wired correctly.
2-1

Installation
Model 8660C
To avoid the possibility of hazardous electrical shock, do not oper¬
ate this instrument at line voltages greater than 126.5 Vac with line
frequencies greater than 66 Hz (leakage currents at these line settings
may exceed 3.5 mA).
Figure 2-1. Line Voltage Selection
NOTE
The correct fuse rating for the line
voltage selected is listed on the line
power module. More information about
fuses is given in the table of replaceable
parts in Section VI (reference designa¬
tion is A7F1).
2-12. Power Cable
2-13. In accordance with international safety
standards, this instrument is equipped with a
three-wire power cable. When connected to an
appropriate power line outlet, this cable grounds
the instrument cabinet. The type of power cable
plug shipped with each instrument depends on the
country of destination. Refer to Figure 2-2 for the
part numbers of the power cable plugs available.
2-14. Mating Connectors
2-15. Internal mating connectors between the
Model 8660C and the plug-in sections are in fixed
positions. Refer to Figure 8-132 for plug-in con¬
nector information. Refer to Figure 8-109 for
information relative to the remote control
connector, J3.
2-16. Operating Environment
2-17. The operating environment should be within
the following limitations:
Temperature.0 C to +55° C
Humidity.<95% relative
Altitude.<4600 metres (15 000 feet)
2-18. A forced air cooling system is used to
maintain the operating temperature required by
the instrument. The air exhaust fan is located on
the rear panel of the instrument; the air intake is
through the side panels of the instrument. When
operating the instrument, choose a location that
provides at least three inches of clearance at the
rear and at least an inch of clearance for each side.
The clearances provided by the plastic feet in
bench stacking and the filler strip in rack mount¬
ing are adequate for the top and bottom cabinet
surfaces.
2-2

Model 8660C
Installation
220/240V
OPERATION
PLUG*: SEV 1011.1959-24507
TYPE 12
CABLE*: HP 8120-2104
220/240V
100/120V
^ OPERATION
OPERATION
PLUG*: NZSS 198/AS C112
PLUG*: NEMA 5-15P
CABLE*: HP8120-1369
CABLE*: 8120-1378
220/240V
OPERATION
PLUG*: NEMA 6-15P
CABLE*: HP 8120-0698
220/240V
PLUG*: CEE7-Vtl
CABLE*; HP8120-1689
220/240V
*The number shown for the plug is the industry identifier for the plug only.
The number shown for the cable is an HP part number for a complete cable including the plug.
Figure 2-2. Power Cable HP Part Numbers
2-19. Bench Operation
2-20. The instrument has plastic feet and a fold-
away tilt stand for convenience in bench operation.
The tilt stand raises the front of the instrument for
easier viewing of the control panel and the plastic
feet are shaped to make full width modular
instruments seif aligning when stacked.
2-21. Rack Mounting {Option 908)
2-22. The 8660C Option 908 is supplied with a
rack mounting kit. This kit contains all the neces¬
sary hardware and installation instructions for
mounting the instrument in a rack with 19-inch
spacing (see Figure 2-3). The HP part number for
this kit is 08660-60347.
2-23. STORAGE AMD SHIPMENT
2-24. Environment
2-25. The instrument should be stored in a clean,
dry environment. The following environmental
limitations apply to both storage and shipment:
Temperature .—40°Cto+75"C
Humidity .<95% relative
Altitude . . . . <7600 metres (25 000 feet)
2-26. Packaging
2-27. Tagging for Service. If the instrument is being'
returned to Hewlett-Packard for service, please
Figure 2-3. Preparation for Rack Mounting
complete one of the blue repair tags located at the
end of this manual and attach it to the instrument.
2-28. Original Packaging. Containers and materials
identical to those used in factory packaging are
available through Hewlett-Packard offices. If the
instrument is being returned to Hewlett-Packard
for servicing, attach a tag indicating the type of
.service required, return address, model number,
and full serial number. Also, mark the container
FRAGILE to assure careful handling. In any
correspondence, refer to the instrument by model
number and full serial number.
2-3

Installation
Model 8660C
2-29. Other Packaging. The following general in¬
structions should be used for re-packaging with
commercially available materials:
a. Wrap the instrument in heavy paper or
plastic. (If shipping to a Hewlett-Packard office or
service center, attach a tag indicating the type of
service required, return address, model number,
and full serial number.)
b. Use a strong shipping container. A double¬
wall carton made of 2.4 MPa (350 psi) test material
is adequate.
c. U se enough shock-absorbing material (75—
100 mm; 3 to 4-inch layer) around all sides of the
instrument to provide firm cushion and prevent
movement inside the container. Protect the control
panel with cardboard.
d. S eal the shipping container securely.
e. M ark the shipping container FRAGILE
to assure careful handling.
2-4

Model 8660C
Operation
3-1. INTRODUCTION
3-2. This section provides operating instructions
for the Hewlett-Packard Model 8660C Synthesized
Signal Generator mainframe for both the local and
remote modes.
3-3. The Model 8660C is designed to provide
precise digitally controlled signals for use in plug-in
sections which provide the selected output fre¬
quency with the chosen modulation parameters. It
will be necessary to have the operating manuals for
the plug-in sections being used in order to effic¬
iently operate the instrument.
NOTE
If a Modulation plug-in Section is not
used it will be necessary to have an
Auxiliary Section in place of the Modul¬
ation Section. The Auxiliary Section
completes a signal path from the main¬
frame to the RF Section plug-in and also
provides a means of modulating the RF
Section from an external source.
3-4. PANEL FEATURES
3-5. Front and rear panel controls, indicators and
connectors of the 8660C are shown, and their
functions described, in Figure 3-1.
3-6. OPERATOR'S MAINTENANCE
3-7. Operator’s maintenance of the Model 8660C
Synthesized Signal Generator mainframe is limited
to fuse replacement.
3-8. OPERATING PRINCIPLES
3-9. The Model 8660C may be operated by front
panel controls in the local mode or externally pro¬
grammed in the remote mode. Allow the system to
warm up for 15 minutes before operating.
j WARNING I
The power requirements and safety pre¬
cautions listed throughout this Manual
must be observed to preserve the built-in
safety features of the Model 8660C.
3-10. LOCAL OPERATION
3-11. In the local mode of operation, all functions
of the mainframe are controlled by front panel
controls, except when an external reference oscil¬
lator is used. When an external reference oscillator
is used, the rear panel SELECTOR switch must be
in the EXT position.
3-12. The 20-key keyboard may be used to:
a. Select any frequency within the range of
the RF Section plug-in in 1 Hz increments (above
1300 MHz, 2 Hz increments) for standard instru¬
ments. Option 004 instruments are selectable in
100 Hz increments (above 1300 MHz, 200 Hz
increments).
NOTE
Frequencies which are above the output
frequency range of the RF Section, if
selected, will be stored in the keyboard
register, but the information will not be
transferred to the center frequency regis¬
ter. The center frequency register and
the readout will retain the last valid
input. Frequencies below the output
frequency range of the RF Section will
be transferred to the center frequency
register and the output register; the
output frequency will be accurate but
the output amplitude will be degraded.
As an example, the Model 86601A RF
Section has a specified lower frequency
limit of 10 kHz, but typically will pro¬
duce a useable RF output down to
3 kHz or lower.
b. When frequencies below the RF Section
frequency range are selected, the OUT OF RNG
lamp lights and remains lit.
c. Select any desired sweep width within
the frequency range of the RF Section in u.se. See
paragraph 3-14 for further details of sweep
operation.
d. Select any incremental step within the
frequency range of the RF Section in use. See
3-1

Operation
Model 8660C
Figure 3-1. Front and Rear Panel Controls, Indicators and Connectors (1 of 2)
3-2

Model 8660C
Operation
KYBD pushbutton. When pressed, causes the informa¬
tion stored in the keyboard storage register to be dis¬
played on the CENTER FREQUENCY readout.
STEP pushbutton. When pressed, causes the informa¬
tion stored in the step storage register to be displayed
on the CENTER FREQUENCY readout.
©SWP WIDTH pushbutton. When pressed, causes the
information stored in the sweep width storage register
to be displayed on the CENTER FREQUENCY
readout.
0LINE STBY - on switch. In the STBY position,
with the instrument connected to the ac line source,
the reference oscillator oven temperature is main¬
tained at the operating temperature to avoid the nec¬
essity of allowing for a warm up period each time the
instrument is used.
0 CENTER FREQUENCY readout. Normally displays
the output center frequency of the RF Section.
ANNUNCIATOR. Provides visual display of mode of
operation, crystal oven temperature and out of range
frequency selection.
0 MANUAL MODE RESOLUTION. Works in conjunc¬
tion with the TUNING control to step the rf output
in steps of 1 Hz (FINE), 1 kHz (MED) and 1 MHz
(COARSE). In the STEP position the TUNING con¬
trol steps the rf output frequency by the step stored
in the step register.
0 TUNING - MANUAL SWEEP. Works as specified in
the MANUAL MODE RESOLUTION description.
May also be used to set the rf output to any point
within the limits stored in the sweep register when
the SWEEP MODE switch is set to MAN.
0 Keyboard. Contains 20 keys which are used to enter
data or Instructions as follows:
Numerals 0 through 9
Decimal Point (.)
CLEAR KYBD. Clears keyboard register (does
NOT clear other registers).
GHz, MHz, kHz and Hz select frequency in
conjunction with numeric keys.
CF. Transfers keyboard storage register data to
the center frequency register.
STEP, t Transfers keyboard storage register data
to the step register and steps the center frequency
up. May also be used to step the frequency up by
the step stored in the step register without a new
keyboard entry.
STEP, i Same as STEP t except that frequency is
stepped down.
SWP WIDTH. Transfers the data in the keyboard
storage register to the sweep register.
SINGLE pushbutton, in the SINGLE mode, when
pressed, causes the rf output to be swept, one time
only, across the range stored in the sweep register, at
a speed determined by the RATE switch.
OUTPUT (0 to +8V). Provides a sweep ramp for use
in external equipment (oscilloscopes, X-Y recorders,
etc.) when operating in the swept mode.
RATE switch. The rate switch selects sweep rates as
follows; FAST — 100 steps at 1 millisecond per step,
MED ~ 1000 steps at 1 millisecond per step, and SLO
— 1000 steps at 50 milliseconds per step.
SWEEP MODE switch. With the sweep mode switch
in the AUTO position sweep operation is automatic;
the output rf is swept about the center frequency by
the data stored in the sweep register at the rate selec¬
ted by the RATE switch. In the SINGLE mode the rf
output is swept once each time the SINGLE push¬
button is pressed. In the MAN mode the sweep is
controlled by the MANUAL TUNE control and the
data stored in the sweep register.
^LINE MODULE. Contains a means of switching input
tine voltage to 100/120/220/240 Vac +5% -10%,
fuse, line cable connector and filtering. NOTE: the
cabinet (earth) ground is also applied through the
line module.
0 REFERENCE INPUT. Used when an external
standard of 5 or 10 MHz is used.
0 REFERENCE OUTPUT. Provides the capability of
using the internal reference as a time base in external
equipment.
0 SELECTOR. Selects INT or EXT reference.
0 REMOTE INPUTS. When the instrument is operated
^ in the remote mode (pin 5 of this connector is
grounded by the programming device), all functions
of the instrument are controlled by the remote pro¬
gramming device. Front panel controls (except for
LINE STBY-ON) have no effect on operation of the
instrument.
Figure 3-1. Front and Rear Panel Controls, Indicators and Connectors (2 of 2)
3-3

Operation
Model 8660C
paragraph 3-18 for further details of incremental
step operation.
3-13. Operating Modes
3-14. Sweep. In the sweep mode the sweep width
is selected by the keyboard. The sweep width may
be displayed on the CENTER FREQUENCY read¬
out by pressing the SWP WIDTH pushbutton to the
left of the readout. Only the center frequency is
shown in the AUTO or SINGLE SWEEP modes. In
the MAN sweep mode the actual RF output
frequency of the RF Section will be displayed.
3-15. When the SWEEP MODE switch is placed in
the AUTO position the output signal of the RF
Section is swept about the selected center fre¬
quency by the selected sweep width. (Example:
center frequency 50 MHz, sweep width 20 MHz,
the EF output is swept from 40 to 60 MHz.) The
sweep rate, selected by the RATE switch is as
follows: FAST — 100 steps at 1 millisecond per
step, MED — 1000 steps at 1 millisecond per step
and SLO — 1000 steps at 50 milliseconds per step.
3-16. When the SWEEP MODE switch is placed in
the SINGLE position, pressing the SINGLE push¬
button causes the output of the RF Section to be
swept one time. When the sin^e sweep is
completed, the output of the RF Section returns
to the selected center frequency. The sweep width
and sweep rate are selected in the same manner as
they are in the AUTO mode.
3-17. When the SWEEP MODE switch is placed in
the MAN position the step rate of the output
frequency of the RF Section may be manually
controlled by the MANUAL SWEEP control. In
this mode the sweep width is still controlled by the
information in the sweep register. The selected
sweep width, in this mode, is divided by 1000 and
the output of the RF Section may be controlled in
frequency steps that are 1/1000 of the sweep
width. (Example: center frequency 50 MHz, sweep
width 20 MHz, output may be swept manually
from 40 to 60 MHz in 20 kHz steps.)
3-18. Step. The center frequency may be stepped
up or down, in any increment within the frequency
range of the RF Section in use. The increment
selected, including units, must be entered in the
keyboard before the STEP t or STEP I key is
pressed. The step entered into the step register
remains in the register until changed (or the
instrument is place; in the standby mode) and may
be displayed on the readout by pressing a STEP
pushbutton.
3-19. When the MANUAL SWEEP control, a
Rotary Pulse Generator, is used to control the
STEP mode, the size of the step is determined by
the information stored in the STEP register.
3-20. Manual. Manual mode operation is essen¬
tially the same as the step mode except that
increments selected by the MANUAL MODE
switch are 1 Hz (FINE), 1 kHz (MED) and 1 MHz
(COARSE). These increments are controlled only
by the TUNING control when the MANUAL
MODE switch is placed in the selected position.
3-21. Combined. The sweep mode, step mode and
manual mode may all be used simultaneously
except for Manual Sweep which locks out the
Manual Tuning Mode. This feature allows the user
to quickly determine the frequency parameters of
any device being tested.
3-22. Operator's Checks
NOTE
If the instrument is returned for service, be
sure to attach a blue repair tag (located at the
end of this manual) with failure information.
3-23. During final checkout at the factory the
Model 8660C Synthesized Signal Generator main¬
frame is adjusted for proper operation. No adjust¬
ments should be required when the instrument is
received. The operator’s checks listed in Table 3-1
are based on the assumption that properly operat¬
ing RF Sections and Modulation Sections are in
place during the tests. Refer to the manuals for the
specific plug-ins for operating parameters.
3-24. The steps listed in Table 3-1 need not be
followed in the sequence listed. Their purpose is to
aid the operator in familiarizing himself with the
instrument, and to provide assurance that all
functions of the instrument are operating properly.
NOTE
1. Numbers shown in the '‘Result” column of
Table 3-1 are those which should be displayed
on the CENTER FREQUENCY readout.
2. Any operator's checks specified in the plug¬
in Manuals should also be performed.
3-25. Modulator Units
3-26. Since the modulator plug-ins are not af¬
fected by the mainframe except for digital control
3-4

Operation
Table 3-1. Operator's Checks (1 of 4)
Operation
Result
NOTE
All references to CF or other readouts are displayed on the
mainframe CENTER FREQUENCY readout.
Initial turn-on.
Set the rear panel line select switch in the power line module to be compatible
with the available line power.
Connect the instrument to the power outlet; use ground pin adapter for elec-
trical systems having no ground outlet.
NOTE
The instrument should remain connected to the power source
in the STBY (standby) mode when not in use. This will main-
tain constant temperature in the crystal oven and eliminate
the need for a warmup period.
Place the LINE STBY/ON switch in the ON position.
Cooling fan starts.
Allow the system to warm up for 15 minutes before operating.
CF 1.000000 MHz.
Keyboard Register and Readout Checks.
Hold in KYBD pushbutton and enter 1.234567890. Note that readout input
Units lights (GHz,
steps from right to left.
MHz, kHz, Hz) are
off.1.234567890
With KYBD pushbutton held in:
Press GHz key
1.234567890 GHz
Press MHz key
1.234567 MHz
Press kHz key
1.234 kHz
Press Hz key
1 Hz
Release KYBD pushbutton
1.000000 MHz
Press KYBD pushbutton
1 Hz
With KYBD pushbutton held in:
Press kHz key
1.000 kHz
Press MHz key
1.000000 MHz
Press GHz key
1.000000000 GHz
Press CLEAR KYBD key
0000000000
Step tl register and OUT OF RNG Annunciator Check with the 86601A
RF Section.
Enter 109.000000 MHz CF on keyboard.
109.000000 MHz
Enter 111111 Hz STEP t on keyboard
109.111111 MHz
Press the KYBD pushbutton
mill Hz
Release the KYBD pushbutton
109.111111 MHz
Press the STEP t key until the readout shows.
109.999999 MHz
Note that readout has increased in steps of 111111 Hz.
Press the STEP t key one more time.
109.999999 MHz
OUT OF RNG
light flashes once.
Place the MANUAL MODE switch in the STEP position and turn the
TUNING control counterclockwise. Place the MANUAL MODE switch
in the OFF position.
Readout decreases
in mill Hz steps.
3-5

Model 8660C
Table 3-1. Operator's Checks (2 of 4)
Operation
Result
Enter 10 kHz CF on the keyboard
Enter 1 Hz STEP t on the keyboard
Press STEP pushbutton
Press STEP i key twice
10.000 kHz
10.001 kHz
1 Hz
9.999 kHz
With the Model 86601A RF Section the specified lower frequency limit
NOTE
The Model 86601A RF Section lower frequency limit is
specified at 10 kHz. The output frequency is accurate
down to 1 Hz and the output power level is typically
accurate down to 3 kHz or less. However, the output
signal should be considered unusable below 1.5 kHz.
OUT OF RNG light
stays on.
Enter 3 kHz CF on the keyboard
Enter 100 Hz STEPl
Repeatedly press the STEP 1 key. Note that the CF readout decreases
in 100 Hz steps. The RF output level wit! typically start to drop below
2 kHz.
3.000 kHz
2.900 kHz
OUT OF RNG light
on
STEP t 1 register and OUT OF RNG annunciator check with the
86602A RF Section.
Enter 1200.000000 MHz CF on keyboard.
Enter 11.111111 MHz STEP t on keyboard.
1200.000000 MHz
1211.111111 MHz
Pre.ss KYBD pushbutton
Release KYBD pushbutton
11.111111 MHz
1211.111111MHz
Continue pressing STEP t key until readout displays;
1299.999999 MHz
Press the STEP t key one more time.
1299.999999 MHz
OUT OF RNG light
flashes once.
Set the MANUAL MODE switch to the STEP position and turn the
TUNING CONTROL counterclockwise.
Readout decreases
in 11.111111 MHz
steps.
Enter 1 MHz CF on the keyboard
Enter 1 Hz STEP t on the keyboard
Press STEP pushbutton
Press STEP 1 on keyboard twice
1.000000 MHz
1.000001 MHz
1 Hz
OUT OF RNG light
stays on.
STEP t i register and OUT OF RNG annunciator check with the
86603A RF Section.
Enter 2500.000000 MHz CF on keyboard
Enter 11.111111 MHz STEP t on keyboard
2500.000000 MHz
2511.111110 MHz
Press KYBD pushbutton
Release the KYBD pushbutton
11.111111 MHz
2511.111110 MHz
Continue pressing STEP t key until readout displays:
2599.999998 MHz
NOTE
The frequency increase alternates between 11.111110 and
11.111112 MHz due to the 2 Hz resolution of center
frequencies >1300 MHz).

Model 8660C
Operation
Table 3-1. Operator's Check (3 of 4)
Step
Operation
Result
5-d Press the STEP t key one more time
2699.999998 MHz
OUT OF RNG light
flashes once.
5-e
Set the MANUAL MODE switch to the STEP position and turn the
The readout decrease
TUNING CONTROL counterclockwise.
is in 11.111110 or
11.111112 MHz steps
(to a minimum of
.000025 MHz).
5-f Enter 1 MHz CF on the keyboard
1.000000 MHz
Enter 1 Hz STEP t on the keyboard
1.000001 MHz
Press STEP pushbutton
1 Hz
Press STEP t on keyboard twice
.999999 MHz
OUT OF RNG light
stays on.
6
MANUAL MODE - MANUAL TUNING Check (With 86601A)
NOTE
The upper frequency limit for 86602A/B RF Section is
1299.999999 MHz; for 86603A, 2599.999998 MHz
6-a
Set the SWEEP MODE switch to OFF and enter 0 MHz CF
.000000 MHz and
OUT OF RNG light
is on.
6-b.
Set the MANUAL MODE switch to COARSE and rotate the TUNING
control clockwise until the readout indicates:
Note that the readout steps in 1 MHz increments.
109.000000 MHz
6-c
Set the MANUAL MODE switch to MED and rotate the TUNING
control clockwise until the readout indicates:
Note that the readout steps in 1 kHz increments.
109.999000 MHz
6-d
Set the MANUAL MODE switch to FINE and rotate the TUNING
control clockwise until the readout indicates:
Note that the readout steps in 1 Hz increments.
NOTE
The OUT OF RNG light flashes on when the RF Section upper
frequency limit is passed. The system rejects overrange fre¬
quencies and the CF register retains the last valid entry.
109.999999 MHz
Sweep Mode Checks with 86601A RF Section.
NOTE
Proper operation of the instrument in the sweep mode is best
verified with a spectrum analyzer. However, operation of the
sweep function can be verified by front panel indications as
described in steps 7-a and 7-b.
7-a.
Set CF to 5 kHz and SWP WIDTH to 10 kHz. Place the SWEEP MODE
SWEEP and OUT OF
switch in the AUTO position and the RATE switch in the SLO position.
RNG lights on. RF
Output meter level
drops every 50 seconds.
3-7

Operation
Model 8660C
Table 3-1. Operator's Check (4 of 4)
Step
Operation
Result
7-b
Set CF to 10 kHz. Other functions as in step 7-a.
SWEEP LIGHT re¬
mains lit. OUT OF
RNG light alternates,
25 seconds on, 25 off.
7-c
Connect the RF output to the RF INPUT of the spectrum analyzer.
Enter 10 MHz CF and 10 MHz SWP WIDTH and SWEEP MODE to
AUTO. Position the RATE switch to MED and adjust the spectrum
analyzer for a clear display. Enter 5 MHz STEP and step the fre¬
quency across the RF range.
Readout increases in
5 MHz steps. Sweep
continues to be 5 MHz
on each side of the
CF.
8
Sweep Mode Checks with 86602A, 86602B or 86603A RF Sections.
8-a
Set CF to 5 MHz
Set SWP WIDTH to 10 MHz
Set SWEEP MODE to AUTO and RATE switch to SLO
5.000000 MHz
5.000000 MHz
5.000000 MHz
OUT OF RNG light
flashes every 50 s.
RF' Section meter
also dips. SWEEP
light remains on.
8-b
Set CF to 1 MHz
1.000000 MHz
SWEEP light on.
OUT OF RNG light
on every 25 s.
8-c
Set CF to 5 MHz on keyboard.
Set SWEEP RATE switch to MED
5.000000 MHz
OUT OF RNG light
flashes on at 1 s rate.
9
Manual Sweep Check
9-a
Enter 50 MHz CF and 10 MHz SWP WIDTH.
Place the SWEEP MODE switch in the MAN position. Rotate the
MANUAL SWEEP control through its range.
CF is tuneable from
45 to 55 MHz.
10
Single Sweep Check
10-a
Enter 50 MHz CF and 20 MHz SWP WIDTH and place the SWEEP
MODE switch in the SINGLE position. Press the SWP WIDTH
pushbutton. Connect the RF output to the RF INPUT of the
spectrum analyzer to display the 50 MHz signal. Press the SINGLE
pushbutton.
50.000000 MHz
20.000000 MHz
Spectrum analyzer
display is swept once
from 40 to 60 MHz.
3-8

Model 8660C
Operation
voltages, operator’s checks for the modulators are
not included in Table 3-1. Refer to the individual
manuals for the modulator plug-in in use for
applicable operator’s checks.
3-27. RF Units
3-28. Many of the tests specified in Table 3-1 do
not apply specifically to an RF Section. Those
checks which are not referred to a specific RF
Section apply equally to the Model 86601, 86602,
and the 86603. When procedures apply to specific
RF Sections only, this information is conveyed
following the procedure.
NOTE
Most of the programming tables in this
section apply equally to local and
remote modes.
3-29. REMOTE OPERATION
3-30. There are currently two means of remotely
programming the Model 8660C. They are BCD
(Binary Coded Decimal) and HP-iB (Hewlett-
Packard Interface Bus). In the text which follows,
programming and other requirements which are
common to both means will be discussed first, then
BCD requirements, and finally HP-IB requirements.
3-31. General Programming Requirements
3-32. There are several conventions which must be
observed when remotely controlling the Model
8660C. Besides providing data with the least
significant digit first, these conventions include:
a. All output levels are referenced to
+13 dBm. This reference operation involves sub¬
tracting 13 from the desired output level.
b. There are three separate modulation
parameters which may be programmed; source,
type and %. Source and type are combined into
one number (source is the least significant digit).
c. When in the remote mode, all front
panel controls except the LINE STBY/ON and FM
CAL controls are inhibited.
d. Digital sweep may not be operated in the
remote mode of operation.
e. When changing from the local to the
remote mode of operation the temporary storage
register should be cleared before a remote entry is
made.
f. T he data level inputs to the Model
8660C are as follows: approximately 0 volts (TTL
LOW) = 1 and approximately 2.8V (TTL HIGH) ”
0 (sometimes referred to as negative or ground true
logic).
3-33. BCD Remote Operation
3-34. The following information pertaining to
BCD programming, does not apply to HP-IB
programming.
3-35. In BCD remote operation two four-bit paral¬
lel codes are applied to the instrument circuits
through a rear panel connector (J3). These inputs,
if numeric data, are converted to BCD digit serial in¬
formation and clocked into a temporary storage reg¬
ister. If the inputs are address information they are
clocked into a temporary storage register. If the in¬
puts are address information they are used to direct
a clock to strobe the data from the temporary stor¬
age register into the desired final storage register.
3-36. When all of the significant data entries have
been stored in the temporary storage registers, the
least significant digit is stored in a position to allow
it to be the first digit strobed out, then the next
least significant digit, etc, so that the information
will be stored in the appropriate register in the
.same sequence in which it was received.
3-37. Operation of the storage registers not lo¬
cated in the Model 8660C mainframe is detailed in
the manuals for the plug-in sections. Table 3-3
provides examples of programming the registers
which may be programmed when the Model 8660C
mainframe is used.
3-38. Refer to Figures 3-2 and 3-3 for timing
information and to Table 3-5 for interconnection
information.
NOTE
Although it is not necessary to program
frequency first, then modulation (if
any), then attenuation, this sequence
minimizes the time required for entering
data.
3-39. Data Inputs. Data inputs (logic 1=0) must be
referenced to the command pulse as shown in
3-9

Operation
Model 8660C
Figure 3-2. Model 8660C Data Input Timing
Command Pulse Input
To Enter Qualifier
Address Combination >+2.4v
And Execute The Non-
valid Command <+0.4V
Error Output
30 MS
»2,4V-
<+0,4V
- 1(X1 ns Minimum
Error line Stays Low
Until a new Valid
Frequency is Entered.
Command Pulse Input > + 2.4V'
< + 0.4V
Error Output
>+2.4V
<^0.4V'
► —100 ns Minimum
.60 us until restoration
of ERROR output.
3-10
Figure 3-3. Model 8660C Error Output Timing