HP 214B Service manual

!
\ ~ PERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL
2148
PULSE
GENERATOR
--- - ---.. - -" -- -- - -- --- -
~ 2148 PULSE GENERATOR
~ HEW~fTT PACK.RO
MODE RA TE IH,) PERIOD(.) PULSE POSlTlONII' WIDTH.t) ANiPlITUOE 1\1>
~IlT ' O L' '" _ '" • 10" • '. ,,, - 00 ~ • • •
/;1011'"
nile GATE ~ H~ ,~ - I~ -10 .. - ,,,, _ 1m - 10m - 1 'On' I.. - I.. -101' I,., - , ... - 10", 25 n I.. ' '" -10.. ' , ... - ,'" • 10", l • 1 l' '0 30 - '00
.... .... .. ...... ~ ...... ... .
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r h ~ HEWLETT
~ ~ PACKARD

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.--------Fli;. HEWLETT _______ .---,
~~ PACKARD
OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL
2148
PULSE GENERATOR
(Including Options 001 and 907 to 910)
SERIAL Nur.1BERS
This manual applies directly to instruments with serial
number 1846 G 00596 and higher. Any changes made in
instruments having serial numbers higher than
the above
number will be found in a "Manual Changes" supplement
supplied
with this manual. Be sure to examine this supple-
ment for any changes which apply to your instrument and
record these changes in the manual.
Any changes made in
instruments havi
ng serial numbers lower than the above
number
can be found in the Backdating Section 7.
© HEWLETT·PACKARD GmbH 1980
0·7030 BOBLINGEN, HERRENBERGER STR. 110
FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
MANUAL PART NO. 00214-90012
Microfiche Part No. 00214-95012
Printed: March 1980
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CERTI FICATION
Hewlett · Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the
ti
me of shipment from the factory. Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration
measurements are traceable to the United States National Bureau of Standards, to the extent
aI/owed by the Bureau 's calibration facility , and to the calibration facilities of other Interna·
ti ona l Standards Organi z at i on members .
WARRANTY
Th is Hewl e tt ·Packard product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a
peri
od of one year from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Hewlett ·Packard
Company will, at its option , either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.
HP warrants that its software and firmware designated by HP for use with an instrument
will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument .
HP does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware will
be uni nterrupted or error free,
For pr o ducts returned to HP for warranty service, Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to HP
and HP shall pay
shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay
all sh i pping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to HP from another country .
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate
maintenance by Buyer, Buyer·supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification
or mi suse , operation outside of the environmenta l specifications for the product, or improper
site preparation or maintenance.
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, HP SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTI ·
CULAR PURPOSE,
EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
HP SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES , WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY
OTHER LEGAL THEORY.
ASSISTANCE
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for
Hewlett·Packard products.
For any assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett·Packard Sales and Service Office .
Addresses are
provided at the back of this manual,
I
J
f
;
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Model 214B
List of Contents
CONTENTS
Page
Section 1 GENERAL INFORMATION
1- 1
Introduct ion
1-1
1- 4 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-1
1- 6 Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1- 1
1- 9
1- 11
1- 16
Instruments Covered by M
an ual
De scr iption
Options
Section 2 INSTALLATION
2- 1
2 -3
2- 5
2- 6
2-10
2- 13
2- 15
2-17
2- 18
2-20
Introduction
I niti al Inspection
Preparation
for Use
Power Requ irements .. . .. . .. . .. . . ... . ....... .
Power Cable .
.... .. . ... . . .. . .. ......... .. . .
Operating
Environment
Front Handle/Rack Mo unting
Claims and Repackaging
.. ... . .. . . .. .... . . .... ... . .
Claims
for Damage .. ... .... ........ .... . . .. . .
Storage and
Shipment ... ... .. ....... . ... .. . .... .. .
Section 3
OPERATION
3-1
3-3
3-6
3- 9
3-11
3- 15
3- 19
3-23
3- 26
3- 29
3- 31
Introduction .. .... .... ............... . . . . . . .. . .
Special Ope
ra ting Consi de ratio ns . . .. ....... . ...... . . .
Operating Mode
.... . . ...... ... ... . . .. .. .. .. . . .
Norm Mode ... ...... .. . ... . ....... ... .. ... ... .
Ext. Trigger Mode ............ ........ .. .... .. . .
Gate Mode .
.. .. ...... .. ... ......... . .. . .... .
Pulse Position
.. ... . ..... ......... . . ...... .. . . .
Duty Cycle ... . .. . .... . .. .. . ....... .. . .... .. . .
Constant
Duty Cycle Mode . .. .... ..... .... .... . . .
Amplitude
Polarity
Section 4 PERFORMANCE TESTS
4-1
4- 3
4- 5
4- 7
4- 10
4- 11
4- 12
4- 13
4- 14
4- 15
4- 16
4- 17
4- 18
Introduction ... . . ........... ... . .... ... . .... .
Equipment Required .... .. .... ......... .. . .. ... . .
Test Record
Performance Tests
Repetition Rate; Vernier Accuracy
Pulse Position: Delay; Advance; Vernier Accuracy
Pul
se Width ; Vernier Accuracy; Ma x. Duty Cycle
Constant
Duty Cycl e; Vernier Accuracy ....... . ..... . .. .
Pulse
Amplitude; Verni er Ac cu rac y; Source Impedance
Transition Times; Pre s hoot , Overshoot, Ringing; Pulse Polarity . .
Tr igger Output ; Double Pulse ....... . .. . . .. ... ... . . .
External Mode
s; Trigger; Gate; Burst
Variable Trigger Level; Se
nsitivity
1-1
1- 1
1-1
2-1
2- 1
2- 1
2-1
2- 1
2-2
2-2
2- 2
2-2
2- 2
3-1
3-1
3-1
3- 1
3-1
3- 2
3-2
3- 2
3- 3
3-3
3- 3
4- 1
4- 1
4-1
4- 1
4-2
4-4
4- 7
4-10
4- 13
4-15
4- 17
4- 19
4-
21
Contents
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Contents
Section 5 ADJUSTMENTS
5-1
5-3
5-9
5-11
5-12
5-13
5-14
5- 15
5-16
5-17
Introduction
Safety Considerations
Equipment Required
Power Supply
.. . ...... .. .. . .... . .. ... .. .... .. . .
Period-Rate Adjust .
....... ... .... ... .. ... ... . . . .
Position Adjust
....... ..... . .. ... ....... ...... .
Constant
Duty Cycle and Width .. . ... ....... ... .... . .
Pulse Amplitude
.. . .... .. ...................... .
Minimum Width; Overshoot; Undershoot; Risetime; Int. Load
..
Trigger Level Sensitivity ... .. ..... ....... ... ..... .
Section 6 REPLACEABLE PARTS
6-1
I ntroduct ion
5-1
5-1
5-1
5-2
5-3
5-5
5-7
5-9
5-11
5-13
6-1
6- 3 Abbreviations .. ... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ..... . .. .. . . " 6-1
6-5 Replaceable Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6-8 Ordering Information . .. .. . .... . ..... .. ..... . . . . . 6-1
6-11 Direct Mail Order System . . ... . ... ..... .. ... . .. .... 6-1
Section 7 BACKDATING
7- 1
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7 -3 Change Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Section 8 SERVICE
8-1
8-4
8-6
8-15
Appendix A
A1-1
A2-1
A3-1
Introduction ... . ... . .. ... . ........... .. . ... . . .
Safety Considerations
.... . .. . ....... .. ....... .. . .
After Service Safety Check
.. . .. ......... .... . . .. . .
Service Blocks (Theory) / Troubleshooting
........ .. ... .
Option 001, Burst Capability
Introduction
Operating Instructions
Burst Performance Test
Ust of Illustrations
ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure
1-1
1-2
1- 3
2-1
2- 2
2- 3
3- 1
3- 2
3- 3
Title
214B and Supplied Accessories
Available Rack Mounting Accessories .
.. . . . .... .. ... .. .
Serial Number Plate . .
....... ... .. ... .. ... .. . . . .. .
Switch Settings for
the various Nominal Powerline Voltages . .. .
Power Cbles Available: Plug Identification
..... . ..... . . .
Removing Plastic Trim
..... .......... . . . .. .... _ .. .
Controls and Connectors
... .. ..... ............... .
214B
Outputs in Gate Mode .. ........ . .. ... ....... .
Timing Parameters
in Double Pulse Mode . .............. .
8-1
8-1
8-1
8-1
Al-1
Al-1
A1-1
Al-2
Page
1-0
1-0
1-1
2-1
2-2
2-2
3-0
3-2
3-2
Model 214B
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Model 214B
4-1
4- 2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4- 6
4- 7
4-8
4- 9
4-10
4- 11
4-12
4- 13
4-14
4-15
5-1
5-2
5-3
5- 4
5- 5
6-1
A3-1
Test Setup -Rep. Rate
Test
Setup -Pulse Position . . .... .. . ... .. ... ... . .
Test Setup -Delay ...... . . .. .. .. . . . . .. ..... . .. . .
Test Setup -Width .. . .... . .. .. . ... . .. ... . . .
Test
Setup -Width .... . . . .. . . ....... .. .. ... .. .. .
Test
Setup -Constant Duty Cycle . . . .
Test Setup - Constant Duty Cycle . . . . . .. .. . .... ......
Test Setup - Amplitude
Test Setup -Transition Times
Test
Setup -Trigger Output
Test Setup -Double Pulse
Test Setup -External Modes
Test
Setup -Variable Trigger Level
Waveform for +ve slope trigger
Waveform for -ve slope trigger . ... . . .. .. . .. . . . . . .
Setup for Period Adjust ... . .. . .. ..... . . .... . . . . . .
Setup for Delay Adjust ..... . .. .... .. . . ..... ... . .
Setup for Duty Cycle Adjust . ... . . ..... .. .. . . .. .....
Setup for Amplitude Adjust
Setup for Width Adjust
Parts Identification for Main Assembly
Test
Setup -Burst
List of Tables
TABLES
Table
1-1
1- 2
6-1
6-2
6- 3
8-1
8- 2
8-3
Title
Recommended Test Equipment
Specifications ... ......... .. ... . . ... ....... .. . . .
Abbreviations for Replaceable Parts
....... . .... . .. . . .
Manufacturers Code List
Replaceable Parts
Index
to Assemblies . . . . .. .. ..... .... . . .
Index
to Service Blocks . .. . .... . ...... . .. . . .. ... .. .
Schematic Diagram Notes
.. .. . . . . . . .. . ... . . ..... . . .
SCHEMATICS
Schematic
1
2
3
4
5
6
A1-1
A1-2
A1-3
Title
214B Block Diagram
Power Supply A4
PIO Timing Board A2
PIO Timing Board A2
Output Board A1 . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... . .. . . .. . .. .
PIO Timing Board A2; Load Board A3 . . . . . .. . .. .
PIO Timing Board A2 (Option) . . . . . . .. . ..... . . . . . .. .
PIO Timing Board A2 (Option) .... . ... .. ... ... . . . .
PIO Timing Board A2 (Option) ......... . . . . . . ...... .
4- 2
4- 4
4- 5
4- 7
4- 8
4- 10
4- 11
4- 13
4- 15
4-17
4- 18
4- 19
4- 21
4-22
4- 22
5-3
5- 5
5-7
5- 9
5- 11
6- 3
A3-1
Page
1- 2
1- 3
6- 2
6- 4
6- 7
8- 1
8-2
8- 3
Page
8-7
8-13
8-25
8- 27
8- 31
8- 33
A1-3
A1 - 5
. J\ 1-7
Contents
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General Information
1-0
Front handle
Order
Option 907
(H .P. Part No.
5061-0089)
Figure 1-1 . 214B and supplied Accessories (Option 001 f itted)
Rack flange
with front handle
Order Option 909
(H .P. Part No.
5061 -0083)
Figure
1-2. Available Rack Mounting Accessories
Model 214B
Rack flange
Order
Option 908
(H . P. Part No.
5061-0077)
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Model 2148
General Information
SECTION I
GENERAL INFORMATION
1-1 INTRODUCTION
1 -2 Thi s Operating and Service Manual contains informa-
tion required to install, operate, test, adjust and servi ce the
Hew lett -Pa ckard Model 214B_ Figure 1- 1 shows the main-
frame and accessories supp l ied_ This section covers in -
strument identification, description, accessories, specifica-
tions, and other basic information .
1
-3 A microfiche version of this manual is available on
4 x 6 inch microfilm transparencies (order number on title
page). E ach microfilm contains up to 60 photo -duplica tes of
the manual pages. Th e microfiche package also includes the
l ate st Manual Changes supplement as well as all pert i nent
Service Notes .
1-4 SPECIFICATIONS
1- 5 In strument specifications are listed in Table 1--2.
Th ese specifications are the performance standards or limits
aga i nst which the instrument is tested .
1-6 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
1- 7 The Model 2148 is a Safety Class 1 in strument (it
has
an exposed metal chassis that is directly connected to
earth via the power supp ly cab le) .
1-8 This operating and service manual contains informa-
tion, cautions, and warnings which must be followed by the
user to en s ure safe operation and to ma i ntain the i nstrument
in a safe condition.
1-9 INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY MANUAL
1- 10 Attached to the rear of this instru ment is a serial
number plate (F ig ure 1-3) . The first four digits of the serial
number only change when there is a signi fi cant change to the
instrument. The last five digits are assigned to instrument s
sequentially_ Th e contents of this manual apply di rectly to the
instru ment serial number qu oted on the title page . For instru-
ments with lo wer serial numbers, refer to the backdating infor-
mation in Section 7 of this manual. For instruments with higher
ser
ial numbers, refer to the Manual Change sheets at the end of
this manual. In addition to change information, th e Manual
Change sheets may contain information for co rre cting errors
in the manual. To keep this manual as up-to-date and accurate
as possible, Hewlett - Packard recommends that you periodically
request the latest Manual Change supplement. The supplement
for this manual is identified with thi s manual's print date and
part number , both of which appear on this manual's title page.
Complimentary copies of the supplement are available from
Hewlett-Packard.
HEWLETT- PACKARD GmbH
[1536G 00062 I
B08l1NGEN
Figure 1-3. Serial Number Plate
1-11 DESCRIPTION
1-12 The Model 2148 is a high power pulse generator
delivering 200 watts pulse power at up to 4 MHz repetition
rate and 15ns or less transition times . With reduced power,
the repetition rate can be increased to 10 MHz.
1-13 V ariable pulse parameters of the 214B include repeti-
tion rate, width, delay / advance; and duty cycle . In addition,
the 214B constant Duty Cycle Mode ensures that duty cycle
remains constant with a frequency range, thus main-
taining a constant pulse energy at the output.
1-14 User orientated featu res of the 2148 include push-
button selection for parameter ranges, calibrated verniers
for continuous setting within these ranges, and LED indica-
tions of timing error and output amplifier overload.
1-15 For a complete description of controls and modes of
operation, refer to Section III.
1-16 OPTIONS
1- 17 214B-Option 001 : This allows a preselected number
of pulses to be generated on receipt of a trigger signal. (Not
retrofittable) .
1-
18 2148-0ptions 907, 908 and 909: Provides means
of rack mounting the 2148 _ Further details are given in
Figure 1- 2.
1-1
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General Information
Model 214B
Table
1-1 . Recommended Test Equipment
,-._- -- .,-- . _- --_ .- - -_ . _._- .,- ---_ . _-_ . _._--- , ----_ .. ----_ . - --,-- _._- - -,
QTY INSTRUMENT TYPE
1 Digit al Multimeter
---- - ._-_ .. -- _ .
1 Sampling Oscilloscope
RECOMMENDED MODEL REQUI . RED
CHARACTER ISTICS
REQUIRED
FOR
3465A!B
-.- -- --. --- ----- - . ----- .-r-- ~- --
i 10-1000VDC, AC; OHM A T
f Flo,,;n. In
p
", ___ .
1 GHz Bandwidth
180C Mainframe
1810A Sampling Plug In A ' T
1---- -+-- --------- - .. --- . --- .- . -- - -- - -1--- . ..... - ... - ---- -. -----. - -t--I---+-
..• -
1 Oscilloscope 1740A
---
.. _-- -. -
1---.-----
1
Counter / Timer
5300B
5308A
. .. __ . -----
100 MHz Bandwidth PAT
---_. __ ._-_._ + -+--+ ... _---
50 MHz
Start ·Stop Mode P A T
--- - -1--- -- - --- - -1-- -- - -- ---- -- -- --4---
:
1 Test Oscillator
1
20 dB Attenuator
1 20 dB Attenuator 50 W
1 Pulse Generator
1 Variac
NOTE: P =Performance Check
A =
Adjustment
T = Troubleshooting
1-2
651 B
8491A
Narda 765-20
8012B
10
MHz Sinewave p i T
20
dB Coax Attenuator P A r T
20 dB Coax Attenuator 50W P A i T
I
10 ns Pulse Width P T
Isolating
Transformer
A T
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Model 214B General
Information
Table 1-2. Specifications
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Pulse Amplitude
0.3V to looV into 50 ohm. 5 ranges with cal ibrated vernier
providing continuous adjustment within ranges.
Vernier Accuracy: ± 1
0% of setting.
Source Impedance
Fixed 50 ohm nominal on ranges up to 10V . Selectable 50 ohm
nominal
or high impedance on 10- JOV and JO - looV ranges.
(Note : with 50 ohm source and load impedance, 10- JOV and
JO-
looV ranges reduce to 5- 15V and 15 -50V respectively).
Polarity: Positive or negative, switch selectable.
Preshoot, Overshoot and Ringing : .;; ± 5 0/0 of pul se amplitude.
Pulse Top Perturbations : .;; ± 5% of pulse amplitude.
Transition Times: .;; ISns for le ading and trailing edges.
TIMING
Repetition Rate
10 Hz to 10 MH z in 6 decade ranges. In 30V - IOOV amplitude
range, maxi
mum repetition rate is 4 MH z. Cali brat ed vernier
provides
co ntinuous adjustme nt within ranges.
Vernier Accuracy: ±
(1 0% of setting + 1% of full sc al e).
Period
Jitler : .;; 0.1% + Joops.
Pulse Position
Pulse Delay
Pulse can be delayed with respect to the Trigger
Output from
+IOns 1+
fi xed delay I to +I Om s. 1Fixed delay is 50 ns ± IOns J.
Pulse Advance
Pulse can
be delayed with respect to the Trigger Output from
+IOns 1- fixed delay I to +
IOm s. 1Fixed delay is 50 ns ± IOn s1.
Controls
5 decade ranges with calibr.ted vernier providing continuous adjust-
men"! within range s.
Vernier Accuracy: ± (1 0% of setting + I% of full sc ale) + fi xed delay.
Maximum Pulse Position Duty Cycle: ;;. 50%.
Position
Jitler: .;; 0.1% + 50Ops.
Pulse Width
2 5ns to IOms in 6 decade ranges. Calibrat ed vernier provides
continuous adjus tment within range s.
Vernier Accuracy: ± (10 % of setting + 1% o ffull sc ale + 5ns ).
Width Jitter: .;; 0.1% + 500ps.
Maximum Duty Cycle
;;. 10% for JO -looV amplitude range.
;;. 50% for all other ranges. (max. 10 ms width)
Constant Duty Cycle Mode (Disabled in External Trigger Mode)
Duty cycle
of output pulse (hence output power) remains constant
when the pulse period
is changed. In this mode the duty cycle limits are:
Typically 8% fixed for
10M - I MHz frequency ra ng e (max. fr equency
EXTERNALLY CONTROLLED OPERATION
External Trigger Mode . An ou tput pul se is generated for each
input pul
se.
Gate Mode
Ga ting si gnal turns on repetition rate generato r. First pulse occu rs af ter
start
of gate s ign al. and la st pulse is always completed even if gate ends
during generation of
la st pulse.
Bur st Mode (Optional)
Preselected number of pulses generated on receipt of tflgger s ign a l.
Number of Pul ses : I to 9999.
Minimum Spacing between Bursts:
cOOns .
External Input
Repetition Rate . DC to 10 MH z.
Sensivitiy: SOOmV peak to peak . de coupled.
Slope: Positive or negative.
Trigger Level: Continuously adjustable from 5V to +5V .
Maximum Input Level: ±
looV .
Trigger Pulse Width:
;;. IOn s.
Input Impedance: 10k ohm nominal.
Manual
Pus hbutt on can be used for:
.- triggering single pulses (E
XT TRIGGER Mod e)
-generating gate signals (GATE Mode)
-triggering pul
se bursts (BURST Mode)
GENERAL
Environmental : Instrument operates within OO C to 550 ('.
Power Requirements
looV , 1 20 V, nov or 240V, +5%, - 10 %. 48 Hz to 66 H z. 360VA max.
Weight . Net 13 .6 kg (30 .1 Ib), shipping 15.6 kg (34.3 Ib).
Dimensions
133 mm high , 426 mm wide, 422mm deep (5 .2 x 16.8 x 16.6 in ches).
NOTES
1. Dimension s a re t or gener al informati on o nly .
If dimensi ons are requir ed tor building sp e-
cial encl os ur es, co n tact yo ur HP fi e ld engi -
n
eer .
2. D
im en sions are in millim e tre s an d ( inches) .
rF
,
=============1 'r
Lb __ h_ - ~ "J : )
I
lr mnmmw -,
- "\j
4 MH z without loss of amp li tude) OPTIONS
2.5% to 10% for I M - .1 MHz frequency range
.25%
to 10% for .I MHz -10 kHz frequency range
0.1%
to 1 0% for all o ther frequency ranges
Calibrated vernier provides continuous adjustment within duty cycle range
s.
Vernier Accuracy: ± (15% of setting + 1% of full sc ale).
Double Pulse
5 MHz maximum in all ranges except JOV - looV range. In 30V-looV
range, the
maximum frequency is 2 MH z. Minimum separation
is lOOns.
Trigger Output
Amplitude: ;;. + 5V (from 50 ohm into open c ir cuit).
Pube Width: IOns typical.
Source Impedance:
50 ohm nominal.
. - -- --- -.- . --- . -
Option 001
Burst. Preselected number of pulses generated on re ceipt of trigger
signal. Number of Pulses: I to 9999.
Option 907
Fro nt Handle Kit, part number 5061 - 0089 .
Option 908
Rack Mounting Kit, part number 5061 - 0079
Option 909
Combined Front Handle and Rack Mounting Kit,
part number 5061 -0083.
Option 910
Additional Operating and Service Manual
Data subject to change
1- 3
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Model 2148
Installation
SECTION II
INSTALLATION
2-1 INTRODUCTION
2- 2 This section provides installation instructions fo r the
instru
ment and its accessories. It also includes in fo r mat ion
about initia l inspection and damage claims, preparation for use ,
and packagi
ng, s tor a ge and s hipment.
2-3 INITIAL INSPECTION
2- 4 Inspect the shipping container for damage. If the con-
tainer
or cus hio ning material is damaged, it should be kept
until th e contents of the shipment have been checked for com ·
pleteness and the instr
ument has been checked mechanically
and electrically. Th e conte nt s of the shi pment s hould be as
shown in Figure 1-1 plus any accessories that were ordered
with the i nstrument. Procedures for checking the electrical
operation are given in Section 4. If the contents are incomplete ,
if there is mechanical damage or defect, or if the in strum ent
does n
ot pass the operator's check s, notify the nearest H ewlett-
Packard off ice. Keep the shipping materials for car 'rier's insp ec-
tion . The HP office will arrange for repair or replacement with-
out wa iti ng for settlement.
2-5 PREPARATION FOR USE
2-6 Power Requirements
2-7 Th e instrument requires a power source of 100V, 120V ,
220V or 240V (+5%, -10%) at a frequency of 48 to 66 Hz
single phase. The max imum power · consumption is 380V A.
2- 8 Line Voltage
Se lection
CAUTION
BEFORE SWIT C HING ON THIS INSTRU MEN T make sure
that the
inst rume nt is set to the local line voltage.
2- 9 Figure 2- 1 provides
information for line voltage and
fuse selection:
4AMPFUSE 2AM PFUSE
100 V
1]0 v n ov
240 V
Fi gu re 2- 1. S witch Settings for the various Nominal P ower -
line Voltages
-------- -- --_ .-- -- -
2-10 Power Cable
WARNING I
To avoid the p ossibility of injury or death, the followi ng pre-
cau
tion s mus t be followed before the instrumen t is switched
on:
a. If this instrument is to be energized via an autot ra nsfor-
me r for v olt age r eduction , make su re that the common
te r minal is c onnected to the grounded pol e of the power
source.
b. The
power ca ble plug s hall only be inserted into a socket
outlet provided with a p rote ctive ground contact. The pro-
tective ac tion must not be negated by the use of an extension
c ord without a pr otective c on ducto r.
c. Before switching on the ins trument , the protective
ground terminal of the inst ru ment must be connected to a
prote ctive conductor of the power cable. Thi s is ve rif ied by
checkIng that the resistance between the Inst rumen t chassis
and the front panel s of all modules in the instrument and the
ground pin of the power cable plug is ze ro ohms.
2-
11 In accordance wi th international sa f ety st andards, this
instrument is equipped wi th a three-wire power cabl e. When
connected
to an ap pr opria te ac power receptacle, th is cable
grounds
the instrument cabinet. The type of power cable
shipped
with each instr um e nt depends on the country of des·
tination . Refer to Figure 2- 2 for the part number of the power
cords available.
2- 12 If
the plug on the cable suppli ed does not fit your
power outlet, then cut the cable at the plug end and connect a
suitable plug.
The plug should meet local safety requirements
and include the
following features:
Min
imum current rating of 4A
Ground connection
Cable clamp.
The colour
coding used in th e cable will depend on the cable
supplied
(see Figure 2- 2).
2-1
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Installation
NEMA TYPE ANS I 73 .H
HP Pa rt N o. 8120 - 1348
LINE = 8LACK
NEUTRAL = WHITE
GROUND = Y ELLOW l GREEN
B.S.1363
HPP artNo 8120 -1351
LINE = BROWN
NEUTRA L = BLU E
GROU ND , YE
LL OW. GREEN
SCHUKO TYPE CEE 7
HP Part No. 8120 -1689
LINE = BR O WN
NEUTRAL = BLUE
GROUND = YELLOW ' GREEN
ASC 112
HP Part No. 8120- ' 369
I .
, I
LINE = BROWN
N
EUTRAL = BLUE
G RO UND = YELLOW GREEN
Figure 2-2. Power Cables Available: Plug Identification
2-13 Operating Environment
2- 14 The instrument will operate within specifications when
the
ambient temperature is between OOC and 550 C.
2-15 FRONT HANDLE/RACK MOUNTING
2- 16 Figure 1-2 shows the possible handle/ rack-mounting
configurations . If handles are fitted and subsequently need to
be removed, the plastic trim must first be taken off as shown in
Figure
2-3.
~= ----- ~d:~~ )
2-2
l I ft 3 ( o ,n p, o' the pl a\ tlc trim wi th ~ \'C'tw(1 , "i f'
.,,(1 g iv e a Vlarp tap 011 the d" ectIQr> 0 1 t he arr o ....
Figure 2-3 . Removing Plastic Trim
Model 214B
2-17 CLAIMS AND REPACKAGING
2-18 Claims for Damage
2- 19 If physical damage is evident or if the instrument does
not meet specification when received, notify the carrier and the
nearest Hew
lett - Pa ckard Sales /Service Office . The Sales/Service
Off i ce will arrange for repair or replacement of the unit with-
out w aiting for settlement of the claim against the carrier:
2-20 STORAGE AND SHIPMENT
2- 21 The instrument can be stored or shipped at temperatures
between
-40
0Cand 750
C. The instrument should be protected
from temperature extremes which cause condensation within
the instrument.
2- 22 If the instrument is to be shipped to a Hewlett-Packard
Sales/Service
Office, attach a tag showing owner, return address,
model
number and full serial number and the type of service
required. The original shipping
carton and packaging material
may be re -usable but the Hewlett-Packard Sales/Service office
will also provide information and recommendations on materials
to be used if the original packing is not available or re-usable.
General
instructions for re-packing are as follows:
1. Wrap instrument in heavy paper or plastic.
2.
Use strong shipping container. A double wall carton
made of 350-pound test material is adequate.
3. Use enough shock-absorbing material (3 to 4-inch layer)
around all sides of instrument to provide firm cushion and
prevent
movement inside container. Protect control panel
with cardboard.
4. Seal shipping
container securely.
5. Mark sh ipping contai ner F RAG ILE to encourage care-
ful handling .
6.
In any correspondence, refer to instrument by model
number and serial number.
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Model 214B
Operation
SECTION III
OPERATION
3-1 INTRODUCTION
3-2 This operating section explains the functions of the
controls and indicators of the Model 214B Pulse Generator.
Front and rear panel controls and connectors are identified
and briefly described in Figure 3-1. A more detailed des-
cription of the control and connector functions is given in
the
following paragraph s.
3-3 SPECIAL OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS
3-4 Prior to operating the Model 214B, the operator
should familiarise himself with the controls and connectors
by reading this secti on in its entil·ety.
; .1WARNING 17
When operating in the 30 - 100V amplitude range, the
output voltage is dangerous to life. Care should there-
fore
be taken when connecting the 2148 to external
instruments.
3-5 The following steps should be taken before applying
power to the 2148 .
a) Read the safety summary at the front of this manual.
b) Be sure the
power selector switches are set properly
for the power source being used to avoid instrument
damage.
Do not change the LINE SELECTOR switch setting
with the instrument
on or with power connected to
the rear panel.
c) When connecting the 2148 to an external device,
ensure
that the device cannot be overloaded by the
2148 output .
3-6 OPERATING MODE
3-7 The 2148 operating mode is selected by pressing one
of three pushbuttons.
NORM wh en rat e is det erm ined by the int ernal
generator.
EXT TRIG when an external trigger source is connected.
GATE when the int ernal re petition rate ge nerator need s
to be swit ched on only fo r the duration of an external
gating signal.
3- 8 A
more complete descr iption of the se th r ee op era ti ng
modes is given in the following paragraphs.
3-9 NORM MODE
3- 10 With this mode sele cted, the frequency is se t via
the
RATE pus hbutton row and the calibrated RATE vernier.
For each pushbutton s election of rate range, a correspond-
ing period range
is shown to simplify adjustm e nt of pulse
posit i on and pulse width, i.e. correct timing is ass ur ed when
the pulse pos
ition and pulse width s ettings a re les s th an the
selected
period .
3-11 EXT TRIGGER MODE
3-12 With external trigger mode selected, a 2148 output
pulse is generated either by applying an external trigger
signal
to the EXT INPUT connector or by operation of the
MAN pushbutton.
3-13 When operating from an external trigger source, the
trigger signal can be
from dc to 10MHz , with minimum
amplitude O. 5V centred on the trigger level, and minimum
pulse width 1 Ons. The trigger slope is then selectable via the
SLOPE slide
switch, and trigger level adjustable between
-5V and +5V via the EXT INPUT LEVEL control.
NOTE :
To avoid incompatible timing settings, the pulse position
and pulse width settings should each
be less than the
period
of the external trigger signal.
3-14 When using the MAN pushbutton to generate an out ·
put pulse, the SLOPE slide switch must be set to MAN, and
then a single pulse is generated every time the MAN push-
button is pressed. Other front panel controls are set to
obtain the desired pulse characteristics e.g . pulse position,
pulse width, amplitude .
3-1
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Operation
3-15 GATE MODE
3- 16 With gate mode selected, the internal repetition rate
generator is turned on either by applying an external signal
to the EXT INPUT connector or by operation of the MAN
pushbutton .
3-17 If an external signal is applied, then pulses occur at
the 214B output when :
a) with po sitive slope selected, the ex ternal signal is
more positive than the selected trigger level (selected
by EXT INPUT LEVEL control). See figure 3-2 .
b)
with negative slope selected, the external signal is
more negative than the selected trigger level. See
figure 3- 2.
S£:lECTf l.) THI( ;GER l!:. Vl L ~
l; ATf- Sll;'\Jt'\l ---1
.'llU OU TPU T
:POS $1 OPE ,.1. <, hi '
J1'm OUTPUl
-NEt; SL OPE ,,·1.·, (,·d
Figure 3-2 214B Outputs in Gate Mode
L .
In either case, the effective period of the gate signal should
be greater than the period selected at the RATE /PER IOD
controls . Also, as in NORM trigger mode, pulse position
and pulse width settings should be less then PERIOD
s etting to avoid timing errors.
3- 18 When using the MAN pushbutton to generate output
pulses, the SLOPE slide switch must be set to MAN, then
214B output pulses occur for as long as the MAN push-
button remains pressed. Other front panel controls are set
to obtain the desired pulse characteristics e.g. frequency,
delay, width etc .
3-19 PULSE POSITION
3- 20 The output pulse of the 214B can be delayed or
advanced with respect to the trigger output, according to
the setting of DELAY / ADVANCE slide switch. In either
case, the range is selected via the PULSE POSITION push -
button row, and exact setting accomplished via the PULSE
POSITION ca
librated vernier.
3-
21 In the event of the selected delay/advance being
greater
than the selected period, the TIMING ERROR LED
will be
illuminated and remain illuminated as long as th is
erro r relationship exists. (Note: the TIMING ERROR LED
funct i on s only in NORM mode) .
3-22 For DOUBLE PULSE operation, the PULSE POSI-
TION
controls are used to s et the delay between the start of
3-2
Model 214B
the first pulse and start of the second pulse. In this mode,
the following timing conditions s hould be observed for a
true output:
a) the pulse position setting less than the selected
period. (Note : in this mode, range 1 On-.l u is not
specified)
b)
the minimum separation between the first and second
pulse (see figure 3- 3)
is the minimum setting of the
selected pulse position range e.g. in 1m· -lOm pulse
position range, minimum separation is 1ms.
:-
~ S EP A R AT I ON . ~
I I
I
PU LS E
P
OS ITI ON ,
-.. ---
;- : ... __ -- . --- PER IOD
r--,
I I
I I
I
~I
I
'----
Figure 3- 3. Timing parameters in Double Pulse Mode.
3-23 DUTY CYCLE
3-24 Duty cycle is defined as the percentage ratio of pulse
width to pulse period . With the 214B, a DUTY CYCLE
pushbutton is provided, whereby:
if released, the WI DTH pushbutton row is operational,
and the vernier provides continuous width adjust -
ment within the selected range. In this case, the width
remains constant when the period is changed, hence
duty cycle varies with frequency .
if pressed, then only the DUTY CYCLE range push-
buttons are operational, and the vernier provides
continuous adjustment of duty cycle within the
selected range. Once set, the duty cycle remains
constant in the event of a frequency change. This
feature is referred to as Constant Duty Cycle Mode
of operation .
3-
25 When the DUTY CYCLE pushbutton is released, the
pulse width is set via the WI DTH pushbutton row and related
vernier, the duty cycle then being operator - calculated by
relating
this time to the output pulse period. The maximum
duty cycle in this case (whether internal or external trigger)
is :
at least 10 % for the 30-100 V amplitude range
at least 50 % for all other amplitude ranges (up
to a max . pulse width 10 ms)
If the maximum allowed duty cycle is exceeded, the 214B
output will be automatically disabled and thus safeguarded
from overload .
The disabled condition is generally indicated by the
OVE RLOAD LED. At rates above 4 MHz, however, the
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Model 214B
LED may not operate. Consequently, the user should verify
width /period settings and not rely on the LED when
operati ng at higher rates.
The output i ~ automatically re· enabled when the width /
period
relationship is adjusted for a duty cycle at or below
the allowed maximum .
3-26 CONSTANT DUTY CYCLE MODE
3-27 The constant duty cycle mode is selected by pressing
the DUTY CYCLE pushbutton, and only functions when the
internal trigger is in operation i.e. NORM mode, GATE
mode, and BURST mode if option 001 is fitted.
3-28 When operating in constant duty cycle mode, diffe·
rent duty cycle limits exist according to the rate setting.
These are:
typically 8 % fixed in the lMHz-l0MHz rate range
2.5-10 % in the .lMHz -1MHz rate range.
.
25 - 10 % in the 10k Hz - .1 M Hz rate range.
0.1 -
10 % for all other frequency ranges.
For the two highest rate ranges, the duty cycle limits are
indicated by an illuminated LED. In those rate ranges where
the constant duty cycle can be adjusted (1 MHz and lower),
the duty cycle is set via the DUTY CYCLE range push·
buttons and duty cycle vernier.
Whereas
the settings on this vernier correspond to width
times, when the DUTY CYCLE pushbutton is released,
they are now used to set percentage duty cycle.
3-29 AMPLITUDE
3-30 The Model 214B output amplitude is determined
primarily by the AMPLITUDE pushbutton row and
Operation
AMPLITUDE vernier. Also affecting the output amplitude
are the 214B source impedance and the load impedance .
In the .3-1-3-10V amplitude ranges, the source impe'
dance is a fixed 50 ohm, and the amplitude indicated by
the pushbutton range and vernier setting is true when
operating with a 50 ohm load.
With a high
load impedance in these ranges, the front panel
amplitude indication is one·half of the actual amplitude.
On the 10-30-1 OOV ampl itude ranges, the source
impedance is selectable via the INT LOAD pushbutton.
When this pushbutton is in the released position, a high
source impedance exists, and when depressed, a 50 ohm
source impedance is switched in . The lower amplitude scale
(10-30-100) applies when either the load or the source
impedance is high (NOTE: one 50 ohm termination must
remain). The upper scale (5-15-50) applies when both
source and load impedances are 50 ohm. When the source
impedance is high, the HIZs LED is illuminated.
3-31 POLARITY
3-32 The polarity sl ide switch is used to set the polarity
of the selected ampl itude with respect to OV. e.g. with
amplitude set to 36V and polarity set to NEG, then the
output pulse transitions between OV and -36V.
3-3
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Operation Model
214B
0
NORM. Pushbutton for selecting internal repeti- 0
RATE/PERIOD . R ow of pushbuttons for select-
pushbutton row (D . Two scales are provided, the
~
SLOPE. Slide s wit ch for se lecti ng trigger slope of
tion rate. ing internal repe
tition rate.
outer scale corresponding to any range selected by
external signal or for sel ec tin g manual command
a I
ight grey pushbutton at e,the inner scale
operation.
0
EXT TRIG. Pushbutton for selecting external 0
TIMING ERROR LED. In NORM mode, provides corresponding to ranges selected by a dark g re y
f1I
trigger source. In this mode an output pulse is
v isua l indication of timing error in t he se tt ings of
pushbutton.
MAN. Pushbutton f or providing a manual trigger
generated
for every transition (slope selectable at the
width, delay and period controls. in E
XT TRIG mode, or gate signal in GATE mode.
~ ) at the EXT INPUT connector, or for each
t'D
POLARITY. Slide switch for selecting the polarity
Wh en Option 001 is fitted, this switch also provides
momentary operation of the MAN pushbutton f1I
~ PULSE
POSITION (DELAY). Row of pushbuttons of the output pulse. a trigger signal
for a pulse out put burst.
for selecting the range in which the output pul se
e
GATE. Pushbutton for selecting gating mode of
c an be delayed/advanced with res pect to the trig g er
()
OUTPUT. BNC connector for the 214B output
~
SINGLE PULSE (Op tion 001). Pushbutton for
operation. In this mode, output pulses are generated out
put.
puls e. providing a sin gl e pulse output in BURST mode.
for the duration of a signal applied to the EXT
0) DUTY CYCL E. Pus h butt on for sel ecting const ant
e
WIDTH VE RNIER. Calibrated vernier f or con-~
LIN E O FF/ ON. Swi tc h for appl yi ng primary ac
INPUT connector, or for as long as the MAN push-
duty cycle mode. In th is mode, du ty cycle remains
tinous adjustme nt of w idth within the limi ts set
power to the instrument.
button f1I remains pressed. const
ant , when th e frequency ischanged. by pushbu tton row . In constant
duty cy cle
mode, th is ve rnier provides continu o us adjus tm ent e
LIN E LED. Indicates when primary ac power is
0 BURST.
(Option 001). Pushbutton for selecting
il
WIDTH. R ow of pus hbut tons for se le c tin g the
with in t he selected duty cycle ran ge.
applied to the instrument.
burst mode
of opera tion. In th is mode a preselected
wi dth r ange of th e ou tput pulse. When DUTY
number of pulses are outp ut on re c eipt of a
CYCLE pushbutton CD is pressed, then the first
PULSE PO SIT ION VERN IE R. Ca libr ated ve rnier
EXT I NPUT LEVE L. Control for adjusting tr i gge r
signal at the EXT IN PU T connector, or by
two push butto ns in th is row are used to select th e
for continuous adjustment of pulse delay/ ad vance level of external
input signal.
momentary opera tion of MAN pushbutto n f1I
duty cycle range.
within the range set by pushbu tton row
OVERLOAD LED_ Provides Visual indication that
FUSE. Accepts standard tuses to prOVide Instru-
0
NUMBER OF PULSES (Option 001). Thumb-
DELAY/ADVANCE/DOUB LE PULSE. Slide
me nt protection in case of current overload. A 2A
wheel switch for pr es ettin g the number of output
duty cycle l imit is exceeded. When this LED is
sw itch f or se lecting t he outp ut pul se to be delayed/ slow-blow fuse must
be used when operating from
pulses in bu~st mode. illuminated, the o
utpu t is disabled. advanced
wi th r espe ct to the tr ig ger, or selecting
240V /22 0V power source. A 4A fuse is used when
e
AMPLITU D E. P ushbutton row fo r selecting the double pulse operation. operating
from 1 OOV / 120V power source.
0 8 %
FXD LED. Provides vi sual indication that
duty cycle is fixed at 8 % an d wil l remain constant ampl
it ude range.
f.I
RATE VERN IER. Cal ibrated vernier fo r continuous
~
VOLTAGE SELECTOR . These switches connect
should frequency vernier
ED be adjusted. Width
G)
INT LO AD _Pushbutton for selecting a 50 ohm
adjustment of the repetition rate within the limits
the internal power transformer to accept the
pushbuttons
il and vernier e ar e disabled source impedance. selected at pushbu
tt on row ;
primary power source voltage. BOTH SWITCHES
when this LED is illuminated. m
us t be set to the position marked for the power
0 HI
Zs LED. Provid es visual indica tion th at hi gh
TRIG. OUTPUT. BNC connector for the trigg er
source being used.
0
2.5-10 % LED. Provides visual indication that duty
source impedance is se lected.
out put pulse.
~
cycle can be varied withi n th e limit s 2.5- 10 %, and
L1NE_ A thr ee-pronged recepta cl e to provide
that once set, will remain constant should fr e-
G
AMPLITUDE VER NIER . Calibrated ve rnier fo r e
EXT INPUT. BNC c onnector for external trigger/ ch
ass isground th rough the power cable for
quency vernier ED be adjusted. c
ontinuous ad jus tmen t be tween th e Iim it s s et by
ga ting sign als. operator protecti on.
3-0
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DN: cn=ArtekMedia, o=ArtekMedia.com, ou, [email protected], c=US
Date: 2009.02.18 21:53:38 -06'00'

Model 2148
Performance Tests
SECTION IV
PERFORMANCE TESTS
4-1 INTRODUCTION
4-2 The procedures in this section test the electri-
cal
performance of the pulse generator using the specifi-
cations of Table 1- 2 as performance standards. All tests
can be performed without access to the interior of the
instrument.
4-3 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
4- 4 Equipment required for the performance tests
is listed in Table 1-1, Recommended Test Equipment. Any
equipment that satisfies the critical specifications given
in the table may be substituted for the recommended
model(s).
4-5 TEST RECORD
4-6 Results of the performance tests may be tabu-
lated on the Test Record at the end of the test procedures.
The Test Record lists all of the tested specifications and
their acceptable limits. Test results recorded at incoming
inspection can be used for comparison in periodic main-
tenance, troubleshooting, and after repairs or adjustments.
4-7
PERFORMANCE TESTS
4- 8 The performance tests given in this section
are suitable for inco ming inspection, troubleshooting, or
preventive maintenance . During any performance test , all
shields
and connecting hardware must be in place. The
tests are designed to verify the published instrument
specifications, perform the tests in the order g iv en and
record the data on the test card and / or in the data sp2ces
prov i ded at the end of each procedure .
4- 9 Each test is arranged so that the specification
is written as it appears in Table 1-2 . Next, a description
of the test and any special instructions or problem areas
are included. Each test that requ ires test equipment has
a setup drawing and a list of the required equipment.
The inital steps of each procedure give control settings
required for that particular test .
4- 1
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Performance Tests
PERFORMANCE TESTS
4-10
REPETITION RATE; VERNIER ACCURACY
SPECI FICATION:
Repetition Rate 10 Hz to 10 MHz in six decade ranges.
In 30V - 100V amp litude range, ma xi mum repetition rate is 4 MHz.
Calibrated vernier provides continuous adjustment within ranges.
Vernier Accuracy: ± (10%
of setting + 1% of full scale) .
EQUIPMENT :
Counter/
Timer
50 H Feedthrough
2 14 8
=
c==l e ~ ~ c::=:J
COUNTER / TIMER
O L:=J 11O
0 0 0 1
0
II
0 0
10
o ~ 'i? I
TRIG . OUT o
50 ~1
FEEDT HROUG H
Figure 4-1.
1. Connect equipment as shown in Figure 4-1 and set 2148 controls as follows :
MODE
PERIOD Ra ng e
PERIOD Verni
er
POSITION Range . ... . . ..... .. .. ..... . ...... . .
POSITION Vernier
..... .. ... .. . . ..... ... . ... .
DUTY CYCLE % . .. .. . ... . .... . ..... . . .. .
DUTY CYCLE Ra nge . . . . . .. .. ... ... ... .... .
DUTY CYCLE Vernier .. .. .. . . . . . .. ...... .. . .
WIDTH RANGE . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. ...... .... . .
AMPLITUDE Ra nge
AMPLITUDE Vernier ...... . . . .... .. .. . .... .
INT LOAD ... . .. .... . ..... .. . .. . ... ... .. .
SLOPE
.. ... . . . . ... ... ... ... .... .... .. . .
DE U
ADV /D.P. . ........ . .. . .. . . . . .. . .. . . .
POLARITY
* = don't care
2. Set counter
to Per iod or Period AVG to get the best resolution.
4- 2
NORM
.1p -
10
10n
1
*
*
3- 10
3
*
1p
.1p
Model
2148
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