HVTest PDF1000 User manual

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Dear Client
Thank you for Purchasing our PDF1000 DC System Earth
Fault Detector. Please read the manual in detail prior to first use,
which will help you use the equipment skillfully.
Our aim is to improve and perfect the
company's products continually, so there may be
slight differences between your purchase equipment
and its instruction manual. You can find the changes
in the appendix. Sorry for the inconvenience. If you have further
questions, welcome to contact with our service department.
The input/output terminals and the test column
may bring voltage, when you plug/draw the test wire or
power outlet, they will cause electric spark. PLEASE
CAUTION RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK!
Company Address:
T4，No. 41, High-tech 2 Road，East Lake High-tech Development Zone，
Wuhan
Sales Hotline: [phone]
After Service Hotline:[phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.hvtest.cc

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SERIOUS COMMITMENT
All products of our company carry one year limited warranty
from the date of shipment. If any such product proves defective
during this warranty period we will maintain it for free. Meanwhile
we implement lifetime service. Except otherwise agreed by
contract.
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
Please read the following safety precautions carefully to avoid
body injury and prevent the product or other relevant subassembly
to damage. In order to avoid possible danger, this product can only
be used within the prescribed scope.
Only qualified technician can carry out maintenance or repair
work.
--To avoid fire and personal injury:
Use Proper Power Cord
Only use the power wire supplied by the product or meet the
specification of this produce.
Connect and Disconnect Correctly
When the test wire is connected to the live terminal, please do
not connect or disconnect the test wire.
Grounding

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The product is grounded through the power wire; besides, the
ground pole of the shell must be grounded. To prevent electric
shock, the grounding conductor must be connected to the ground.
Make sure the product has been grounded correctly before
connecting with the input/output port.
Pay Attention to the Ratings of All Terminals
To prevent the fire hazard or electric shock, please be care of
all ratings and labels/marks of this product. Before connecting,
please read the instruction manual to acquire information about the
ratings.
Do Not Operate without Covers
Do not operate this product when covers or panels removed.
Use Proper Fuse
Only use the fuse with type and rating specified for the product.
Avoid Touching Bare Circuit and Charged Metal
Do not touch the bare connection points and parts of energized
equipment.
Do Not Operate with Suspicious Failures
If you encounter operating failure, do not continue. Please
contact with our maintenance staff.
Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions.
Do Not Operate in Explosive Atmospheres.
Ensure Product Surfaces Clean and Dry.

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－Security Terms
Warning: indicates that death or severe personal injury may
result if proper precautions are not taken
Caution: indicates that property damage may result if proper
precautions are not taken.

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Contents
I. Overview......................................................................................... 6
II. Principle......................................................................................... 7
III. Specifications...............................................................................8
IV. Structure and Function of Instrument..................................... 9
V. Notes............................................................................................12
Appendix 1: structural representation.........................................14
Appendix 2: brief method introduction........................................15

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I. Overview
This product is DC ground fault tester of new generation. It applies to all
DC system in any voltage class, equipped with high-precision measured clamp
meter, expanded the measured range and strengthened the anti-interference
ability by processing many kinds of signal. Adopted excellent method of
calculation and advanced Fuzzy control calculation theory, show us the
advancement of the measured circuit branch by numerical value, which reflect
the superiority of artificial intelligence sufficiently. Correctly detect the position
of the ground point each time.
This equipment take system safety as primary premise uses reliable low
frequency signal method to test according the highest requirements of industry
standard, and put into practice for test on site, no effects to system.
The DC system of power plant and transformer substation is the power
supply for control, protect, signal and auto equipment, the safe continuous
running is very important to generate and supply power. The DC system is
overhead ungrounded system, it will induce the mentioned device wrong or
failure to act if there was two points grounded. So correctly and fast to detect
the ground contact, clearing of the ground fault meanwhile ensure the DC
system normally supply power, to avoid the damage caused by two points
grounded.
This device applies to detect the accurate ground point position of power
plant, transformer substation DC system. Accuracy up to 100%.
This device with the bellowing advantages compared with the same type
devices:
1. Easy to use, customers can directly operate only need turn on the
power switch.
2. Safe and reliable, do not need power off the charger or other power
source, without effects to DC system.
3. Applies to various voltage class, DC system V, 110V, 48V, 24V.

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4. Wide range of application, any power plant, transformer substation,
colliery, chemical plant and others power supply departments.
5. Easy to carry, the signal receiver equipped with battery, do not need
external power source.
6. DC system do not need power off when searching the ground point, do
not affect the normal work of the system.
7. Strong anti-jamming ability, without the effects by system distributed
capacitance.
8. Intelligent charge management, shorten the charging time, lengthen the
battery life.
II. Principle
This device applies to detect the accurate ground point position of power
plant, transformer substation DC system. It uses new method: waveform
analysis, its features and advantages: high measurement sensitivity, detection
under no power interruption, no effect to system normal work, strong
anti-jamming ability, safe and reliable.
Waveform analysis : inject one special cyclical voltage signal between DC
bus bar and ground, detect the current of each branch using caliper probe,
analyze and calculate phase and phase difference of current signal
fundamental wave and harmonic wave, and then judge if there was ground
fault or ground fault contact.
This device is composed by signal generator, signal receiver and signal
sampler (caliper). These three parts should be matched use when detect the
DC ground fault.
This signal generator adopts new digital technique instead of using
traditional LC or RC oscillation circuit, it with the features of stable signal. This
signal generator is composed by single chip, A/D converting circuit, signal
amplifying filter circuit, power amplifying & blocking circuit, output feedback
and protection, its principle as follow:

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Signal generator principle
Signal receiver principle
III. Specifications
1. Signal generator:
Output signal frequency: 2.5Hz
Signal no-load output voltage: ±20V±5%
Signal voltage amplitude error: <5%
Signal short circuit output current: ≤80mA
Output terminal shock resistance capability: 400V DC impulse
Supply voltage: AC220V±10%
Voltage frequency: 50Hz±5%
Single chip
Signal sampling
analog-to-digital conversion
Signal analysis
LCD display
Signal output
Signal shaping
Signal generation
Control system
Signal processing
Fault analysis
LCD display
Signal sampling
Signal amplify
analog-to-digital conversion
Wave filter

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Input fuse: 200mA
Maximum power: 3W
Dimension: 300x270x200mm
2. Signal receiver
Signal current measurement sensitivity: 0.5mA
Impedance of signal receiver: 40KΩ
Maximum output current: 2.5mA
Display of receiver: number 0-19
Dimension: 210x100x32mm
A jaw size: Φ50mm
B jaw size: Φ7mm×9mm
3. Complete appliance
Measured maximum ground resistance: 300kΩ
Ground resistance measurement accuracy: 0-4.5KΩ; error≤0.5KΩ
4.5KΩ-300KΩ error≤10%
IV. Structure and Function of Instrument
1. Composition
①Signal generator ②Signal receiver ③A clamp (big)
④B pliers (small) ⑤signal output lead ⑥Power cord

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2. Signal generator
Fig. 1 Panel layout of signal generator
Input power: When signal generator connects to ACV power supply, it
can work. There is a fuse (2A) at the bottom of power outlet.
Power switch: Press the end "I" of power switch to start up the instrument;
press the end "O" of power switch to shut down the instrument.
Output indicator: Turn on power supply, signal generator will output
signal, if signal output is normal, the output indicator will flash indicating having
normal low-frequency voltage output.
Signal output: the port for signal output. When using, please insert output
leads to output signal.
Access signal generator:
Insert signal output leads into signal generator, red clip connects to bus
bar; black clip connects to earth lead. Confirm all wire are well connected; turn
on power switch of signal generator.
According to the status of DC system ground fault, let signal generator
closely connect to bus bar and earth lead of the battery output terminal. Having
detected earthed branch but its loop slips far away, in order to improve
detection accuracy, let signal generator connect to DC insurance port of

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branch top that close to fault region, or connect to DC bus bar at the bottom of
loop. When detecting, signal generator should be always connected to power
supply terminal of DC branch, and the fault detector and the signal receiver are
always testing at the load end of DC branch.
3. Signal receiver
Fig.2 Panel layout for signal receiver
Port for A clamp: Connect "A" clamp, the clamp is big clamp.
Port for B pliers: Connect "B" pliers, this clamp is a small pliers.
LCD: dot matrix LCD display.
Power switch: Press "ON / OFF" key to start up/shut down.
Instructions for Signal receiver:
With calipers respectively clamp all main circuit that were associated with
fault bus bar, and then observe LCD display. Use number 0-19 from low to
high to indicate insulation value, “01” indicating poor insulation, “19” indicating
good insulation. When LCD displays a lower value, you can judge fault is on
this main circuit, and then with calipers measure branch circuit that linked to
faulted main circuit, through LCD display value you can determine broken
branch, and so on, using the same method can find the final faulted branch.
Found the earthed branch, for the fault point you can do location detection.
When testing, user can use dichotomy to detect faulted area. In each test, the
Port for A clamp
Port for B pliers
LCD
Power switch

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faulted area will do the next location detection according to dichotomy, in order
to quickly detect the specific fault grounded point. Assume that find ground
fault at A place, and not find at B place, we can determine the fault grounded
point is between A and B. According to feeder cables and equipment
connections, you can respectively detect the entrances of feeder cables, and
find fault branch, then further locate fault point.
The calipers can be used to measure current of bus bar and feeder cables;
its sensitivity is extremely high. Because of its high sensitivity, when testing it is
necessary that let the calipers firmly clamp the feeder cables, until obtain
stable measured data.
4. Signal output lead
Red lead connects to fault bus bar terminal, black lead connects to ground.
Red plug inserts into "L" terminal of signal generator, and the black inserts
into” " terminal.
Fig. 3 Picture for signal output lead
V. Notes
1. The device is a precise instrument, when transport, use and store, it
should be handled with care to prevent violent vibrations or shock.
2. Signal source should be added to fault bus bar and ground.
3. The calipers can only clamp DC circuit, cannot clamp AC circuit.
4. When there is no obvious ground point on each branch circuit, please
check power supply part such as battery, charger and other parts.
5. During test, if not use please turn power off to extend battery life.
Red
Black
Red
Black

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6. When signal receiver is low battery, please replace the battery timely to
improve measurement accuracy.
7. Since the receiver has high sensitivity, when testing please do not
grasp it, let the receiver in quiescent state, so as not to affect detection
accuracy.

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Appendix 1: structural representation

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Appendix 2: brief method introduction
1. Connect the signal generator with bus bar
Red wire connect with “bus bar” （red clip ）; Black wire connects with
“ground” (black clip);
2. Turn on the power switch of the signal generator.
3. Insert the plug of the caliper with the input jack of the signal receiver.
4. Turn on the power switch of the signal receiver.
5. Strangulate the measured circuit using caliper.
6. Begin to test.
7. The LCD display “number”, ground resistance display in number 01-19
(from low to high). “01” means the ground resistance is too small, “19” means
well grounded, detect the grounded conditions according detailed value.

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