Intecolor 8810 User manual

NOT l C E
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in
any form by any means without the prior written consent of
Intecolor Corporation. Direct inquiries to Documentation
Department, Intecolor Corporation, 225 Scientific Drive,
Technology Park/Atlanta, Norcross, Georgia, 30092.
Neither Intecolor Corporation nor its parent company,
Intelligent Systems Corporation, assumes any liability for
loss or damage resulting from the use or misuse of
information contained in this document or from errors or
omissions which i t might conta in . Intecolor Corporation
reserves the right to modify or revise the content of this
document without obligation to notify any person of such
revisions or changes.
No warrant y of any kind is made or implied with regard to
the firmware described in this document or its
merchantibility or fitness for a particular purpose. This
firmware is furnished under license agreement and may be
used only in accordance with the terms of the agreement.
This document, submitted in confidence, contains proprietary
information which shall not be reproduced or transferred te
other documents, disclosed to others, or used for
manufacturing or for any other purpose without prior written
permission from Intecolor Corporation.
Intecolor Corporation seeks to provide the best possible
product documentation, and welcomes comments from users
concerning the organization and contents of its manuals.

l N T ECO LOR
8800/3800 S E RIE S
USER' SMANUAL
999439-050
11 0686
l N T ECO LOR
COR P 0 RAT ION
225 Scientific Drive
Technology Park/Atlanta
Norcross, Georgia 30092
Telephone: [phone]
TWX: 810/776-1581 .
COPYRIGHT I(C) 1986 by Intecolor Corporati.on.
AlI ri.qhts reserved.

NOT l C E
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in
any form by any means without the prior written consent of
Intecolor Corporation. Direct inquiries to Documentation
Department, Intecolor Corporation, 225 Scientific Drive,
Technology Park/Atlanta, Norcross, Georgia, 30092.
Neither Intecolor Corporation nor its parent company,
Intelligent Systems Corporation, assumes any liability for
loss or damage resulting from the use or misuse of
information contained in this document or from errors or
omissions which i t might contain. Intecolor Corporation
reserves the right to modify or revise the content of this
document wi thout obligation to notify any person of such
revisions or changes.
No warrant y of any kind is made or implied with regard to
the firmware described in this document or its
merchantibility or fitness for a particular purpose. This
firmware is furnished under license agreement and may be
used only in accordance with the terms of the agreement.
This document, submitted in confidence, contains proprietary
information which shall not be reproduced or transferred to
other documents, disclosed to others, or used for
manufacturing or for any other purpose without prior written
permission from Intecolor Corporation.
Intecolor Corporation seeks to provide the best possible
product documentation, and welcomes comments from users
concerning the organization and contents of its manuals.

WARNING
This equipment çrenerates and can radiate radio frequency
energy and may cause interference ta radio and television
reception if net installed and used according to the
guidelines set ferth in this manual. Any change in terminal
or cable configuration May adversely affect its
specifications for FCC compliance.
Intecolor 8800/3HOO Series terminaIs have been tested and
found to comply with the limits for Class A computing
devices established by the FeC Rules, Part , 5, Subpart J,
which are designed ta limit interference ta levels
acceptable in a commercial installation. Operation of this
equipment in a residential environment may cause
interference for which the user may be required to take
corrective action at his own expense.
For further information
r
see Federal Communications
Commission booklE~t l' "How to Identify and Resolve Radio-TV
Interference Problems." This booklet is available from the
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 20402,
Stock No. 004-000-00343-4.

DEFINITIONS
WARNINGI
Where the word WARNIHGl is used in this manual, the
associated note refers to operations or procedures which
involve possible exposure to dangerous voltages, contact
with which could result in personal injury or even
death.
CADTIONI
Where the word CAUTIONJ is used in this manual, the
associated note refers to operations or procedures which
involve
possible damage to equipment.
TBAINED AND QUALIFIED
Where the words PERSONS TRAINEl) AND QUALIFIED are used
in this manual, they refer to either of two types of
individuals:
1) Persons who through general technica1 training are
aware of the possible dangers in working in proximity
to hazardous voltages and know how to avoid personal
injury in working with equipment involving safety
hazards.
or
2) Persons who have received specifie training in use of
the procedures involved and in the safe performance
of these procedures.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
I Introduction
--
Introduction to the 8800-Series Intecolor 1.01
8lock Oi,agrarn of the 8810 Terminal 1.02
How the ITer.minal Works 1.03
Specifications -- 8810 1.07
Specifications -- 8820 1.10
Specifications -3800 Series 1.12
II Installation
--
General Considerations
Unpacking and Visual Inspection
Turn·-on ,and Initial Test:
Intercolllne<=tions
2.01
2.01
2.02
2.04
III Operat~
Introduction 3.01
The Keyboard 3.01
Power-up and Self Test 3 .04
Self Test grror Cooes 3.05
The Set-Up Mcx:le 3• 06
The Initialized State 3.11
Control, Escape, Plot and ANSI X3.64 Codes 3.12
Binary CodE~ Generation 3.12
Control Code Details 3.15
Escape CodE~ Details 3.26
Graphie Plot Submode Details 3.32
ANSI X3. 64 Control Sequences 3 .49
Code Sunu,naries 3.57
Light Pen Operation 3.61
Operation with Color Printer 3.62
Medium Rlesolution Graphies 3.65

IV
Adjustment and Alignment
Pre1iminary -- safety & power considerations
4.01
Tools and Instrumentation
4.02
8810/8820 Adjustment 4.03
Enclosure Removal
4.03
Line Fuse and Line Voltage 4.03
Analog Board -- Canponent Layout 4.04
Jumper Configuration 4.05
High Voltage Adjustment 4.05
+5 Volt Adjustment 4.07
Vertical Ramp and Parabola Adjustments 4.07
Disp1ay Size Adjustment 4.08
Color and Bearn Current Adjustments 4.09
Focus Adjustment 4.12
Vertical Output Balance Adjustment 4.13
Check of PFL and Al ternate Sync
4.14
3810/3820/3860 Adjustment 4.15
Enclosure
Removal 4.15
Configuration
Check
4.15
Fusing and Line Voltage 4.15
Power Supply Board -- Canponent Layout 4.16
Canplete Adjustment
vs. Touch-up 4.17
Deflection Board -- Canponent Layout 4.18
+5V Adjustment 4.19
High Voltage Adjustment 4.20
Horizontal Frequency Adjustment 4.21
Power Supply Frequency Adjustment 4.21
Display
Size Adjustment 4.21
Display
Linearity Adjustment 4.22
Color and
Bearn Current Adjustment 4.23
Focus Adjustment 4.26
3881 Adjustment 4.27
Light
Pen Sensitivity Adjustment 4.30
Multiple Pages of Screen
Memory
4.31
Up-date Notes 4.32

APPENDICES
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
Appendix G
Appendix H
DRAWINGS
KE~yboard Layout, Inteco1or Code Set, Binary Code
GE~ne~ration, Rear Panel Connections, Current Loop
Plot Mode Function Summary Charts
Dl:dering Information and Assistance
SE~lf Test Routines
SE~t-Up Menu for Software prior to Vl.6
The ASCII Code and Line Monitor Mode Disp1ay
Custan Character Sets
Up-Date Notes
8810 Wiring Diagram
4-S1ot Mother Boal:d Schematic
8810 Analog M(x1u1~~ Canponent Layout
8810 Analog Moou1e Schematic (3 sheets)
8810 Video Driver Schematic
3810 Wiring Diagram
3810 Power Supp1y Board
Schematic
3810 Deflection &~rd Schernatic
3810 Video Driver Schematic
3881 Analog M(x1u1~~ Schema tic
3881 Auto-restart Board
Logic Module Schematic - 4 MHz on1y (2 sheets)
Line Lock Add-·on
Logic Module Schematic - 4 or 5.5 MHz (2 sheets)
Logic Board Inter:Eace Schematic -3810/3860
Keyboard Schematic::
Keyboard SeriaI Interface Adapter
Light Pen AssEm1y
Dot Addressable G:caphics Schanatic (3 sheets)
SOFTWARE PROBLEM HE:E'ORT FORM
102910
102515
105044
105040
105046
103499
103461
103300
102700
102350
103387
102505
105144
105148
103494
101893
102168
002800
102911

SECTION I
INTRODU(:TIOR

1. INTRODUCTION
The Manual
This manual is intendE~d to be a user' s instruction manual and reference
guide for the 8800/3800 Series Intecolor terminals. It describes the use
of the features of the Intecolor 8810, 3810, 3860 and 3881 standard
resolution terminals, including the grë:lphics submodes. It also includes a
section for the medium res()lution versions - 8820 and 3820.
Prior experience w.ith or' knowledge o:f other canputer terminaIs, although
helpful, is not at all E~ssential in leaming to use the Intecolor 8810 (and
other terminaIs in thE~ series) with the use of this manual. 'lbe limited
amount of technical dE!ta,il ~.ncluded. is intended for use by applications
personnel rather than by the regular user.
Section II includes instructions for connection to a host ccmputer, to
an RS-232-C campat~ble modem, to a current loop and to a printer.
Section III describes the operation and serves as an operator's
handbook.
Section IV describe:s t:he routine adjustrnent procedures.
Circuit descriptions and other maintenance information are beyond the scope
of this rnanual but rnay be found in the Maintenance Manual for the 8800/3800
Series Terminals (Intecolor piN 999440).
The Intecolot 8818/.3.m::1.. ~rerminals
The 8810 or 3810 is a high-performance eight-color CRT intelligent data
terminal. It is a se1f-contained desk top unit.
It can receive control data fran either:
The included keyb()ard (when enabled), or
Through an input port (usually seriaI) fran an outside source.
(The outS.idE~ source usual.ly is a host canputer.)
The seriaI connection to a host computer or other terminal can 00:
Direct,
Via camnon voicca telephone line through RS-232-C canpatible modems,
Or via a current lOiQP connection.
There is an auxiliary seriaI I/O port and an additional output seriaI port
which operate at RS-232-C JLeve1.
There is an option for an 8-bit paraLlel port, which can be either output
only for a Centronics-t~pe printer or an input/output port.
1.01

SIRPLIPIED BLOCK DIAGRAM OP. THE INTECOLOR 8818 TERMINAL
1
_-1
1
EXTERNAL
1
TERMINAL
INPU.l'S
1
CCN1'ROL
1
SOF'lWARE
1
1
1
1
1"
HOST
~
...
CCI1PUTER
r- I
,..
1
TERMINAL
i ...
PROCESSOR
l'
1
1
....
KEmOARD
1,
1
1
\~
1
1
r---
DISPLAY ---
1
MEMJRY
1
1
1
1
1"
1
LIGHT
!
...
DISPLAY
L ..
PEN (Cpt)
,,
GENERATOR
l'
1
1
1
1l
1
1
1
1
SCREEN
1
1
1
1
1
__________ L _
r-----------r- - - --- --- - ---- -- -- -- - --,
1 1 1
111
11
1 1
11
1
11
!1
11
1 1
1 ~~ 1
11
11
11
11
1 1
11
11
1 1
11
11
11
1 -----------~
1 1
11
11
11
1 1
1 DISPLAY 1
1
~~ 1
11
11
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
L
1.92

The cathode ray tube display uses any of eight foreground colors, selected
for each character spa1ce - red, blue" green, yellow, magenta, cyan, black
and white. There is choic:e of the sarne eight colors for background.
The
display format is 8:0 characters per line, with 48 lines of normal
height characters or 24 lines with double-height characters.
The 8810 or 3810 also has extensive plotting capabi1ity. Additional screen
editing capability and the added convenience of a l6-key nurneric pad and a
9-key color/camnand pad are included on the 101-key extended keyboard. An
optional 117 -key keyboard also has 16 function keys used in generation of
additional codes for plot functions.
Standard features incllJde 64 uppercase ASCII alpha and nurneric characters,
32 lowercase, 32 control representation characters, 64 special process
characters and 64 line drawing characters. More detailed specifications
are listed at the end of this section.
The pages immediat:elyf()llowing brief:ly describe the theory of operation.
Although mostly from ,a beginner's vi.ewpoint, the part concerning display
memory and character g4~neration rnay be of interest to the more experienced
user.
How the Terminal WorkEi
If a microprocessor-based terminal is new to yeu, yeu may be interested in
an outline of how the J:ntecolor 8810 dces its job. The page at left shows
a simplified block dia~Jrarn of the terminal. The terminal is considered as
three parts:
Arnicrocamputer wit~ its associated software control
A display system which includes the cathode ray tube for display
Input/Output devicE~s 'which include the keyboard
The microprocessor is the workhorse of the microcamputer portion. It has
the ability to respond to instructions from the terminal software --
special programs storl~d in memory -- from the keyboard or from other
inputs, such as a nhost
'rt
computer. It can accept data, perforrn logical
operations, address mE:InOry locations, output the results of operations on
input data and the like.
The controlling software or information consists of step by step
instructions stored ina nonvolatile or fixed mernory. For example, when
the terminal is turned on, the f irst few instruction steps include su ch
things as clearing the screen, setting certain display colors, and
displaying the initiall message conc:erning the mode of operation the
terminal has entered. It also sets the rate at which it will accept data
fram an outside source j,nitially.
1.03

The microcamputer responds to input fram either the keYboard or same other
source, such as the host computer. These instructions are received
"seriaIly", one bit after another on one line. Each "bit" represents a
"one"
or a"zero" -- "mark" or "space" in teletype terms. Agroup of eight
bi ts may be called a "byte" or a"word". Within the microcamputer, the
instructions and data are handled as 8-bi twords.
In aadition to the standard seriaI input ports for the host computer,
keyboard and
auxiliary seriaI input device, there can be an option for
accepting input in "paraIlel", eight bits at atime on eight input lines
(condueting paths).
When the received instructions -- whether originating at the host computer',
the keyboard or the control software -- indicate material for display on
the cathode ray tube screen, the microprocessor puts the appropria,e
"words" in the display memory.
The display memory or screen refresh memory is the principal link between
the microcamputer and the display generator. This is a memory which can be
written into or read fran. The words read fran the display memory by the
display generator determine what is displayed on the screen. The
microcomputer wr i tes into the display memory two eight-bit words for eac:h
character position on the screen. The terminal has 3,840 characte'r
positions arranged in 48 lines of 80 characters each. The display memory
then must store 7,680 words. The first of the two words for the charactE~r
position defines the shape of the character and the second defines the
attributes or character canposite information (CCI) -- colors, etc.
The upper byte or first of the two words contains the 7-bit ASCII code for
a specifie char acter or symbol and the A7 bit which defines the character
height as normal or double. In plotting, this first word defines the
combination of plot blocks within a character position. The word is used
to address a read-only memory which contains the details of the charactE~r
or plot block formation.
The lower byte or second word defines foreground color, background color,
foreground blink and whether the character word defines one of the 64 ASCII
characters (or lower case or special characters) or whether it specifies
plotting information.
The make-up of the two words is shawn below.
RG
~]
FOREGRaJNO
COlOR
G R B
B
+
PLOT
BIT
76543210
4
\."'-----~-------'
ASCII
CODE
6 5
+
A7
BIT
1.04

Each character or plot block is descrilbed within a 6 x 8 dot matrix and is
displayed on the scre~en in eight horizontal sweeps of the electron bE~ams
from the three color guns. As the beams pass each dot posi1:ion, the
information derived f;r:orn the char acter and status words determines which
color beam(s) is (are) il:urned on. The display generator prc)vides the
synchronizing signéÙs jEor the circuitIY that controls the cathodE~ ray tube
used for display to keep the electron beam sweep in step with the
information being fed out fran the display generator.
Input dev ices such as ê:L host canputer send in instructions and information
as eight-bi t code words (256 possible canbinations) in serial forme Most
of these codes also can be sent in fran the keyboard.
RS-232-C is an industJt:y standard which specifies the electrical format of
the data for a type of seriai transmission. Industry conventions have
assigned the control :signals and the use of the terminal pins in the
connecting plugs and sc::>ckets. Arnong other things, the industry convention
usually has the data frem the bost c~uter recei ved by the terminal on pin
3 of the terminal' sRs--232-C connector. Binary "zero" on the rec:eive line
is represented by a positive voltage wi.thin a certain range; abil'lary "one"
is represented by a n4~sLtive voltage. '!he terminal sends information out
at pin 2 of the conne<::tor by similar use of p::>sitive and negative voltage
levels. The speed at which the binary bits are sent one after thE~ other is
expressed as aBaud ratte -- the Baud rate is approximately the saIlle as bits
per second and a higher Baud rate rneans faster data transmission.
If the communication 'rlith the host canputer is by camoon voice telephone
line, the data signals ()f JOOst computers and of the Intecolor terminal must
he modified sanewhat: - the usual telephone line will not transmit the plus
and minus voltages as sent by the computer or terminal. Devic~s Ν.led
modems -- modulator-d4eIn<>dulators, scmetimes called data sets -. are used
between the terminal land the telephone line and between the canputer and
the telephone line. Within the modem the data signals are used to modulate
or control other signaIs that will go over the telephone lines. The modem
at the other end of thE~ l.ine demodulates the signals to return the data to
i ts or iginal forme This pair of modems also rnakes the connections in sucb
a way that the transmit output of the terminal goes to the receivE~ input: of
the canputer and vice vlersa. "R5-232-C canpatible modems" use thE~ RS-232-C
format for signal levels and connector pin numbering.
1.05

'!he light pen shawn is another optional input device which enables the use~r
to move the cursor to a position on the screen by painting the pen to the
desired position and actuating a touch-sensitive switch on the pen. Then
the terminal can transmit a series of bytes which define the cursor
location and the screen display at that location.
The terminal has two additional seria! ports. In the standard unit, the
keyboard uses the recei ve portion of one of them. A seria! type printer
can use the the transmit portion. The second or auxi1iary seria! port i.s
both
input and output.
The ter-minal also can cammunicate by data in para!lel as eight-bit words at
a parallel port, available as two options. One option provides for use of
the parallel port as a transmit-only port for a Centronics-type printer.
The other option provides for its use for both send and receive for two-way
communication with acomputer or other device. The two options are
mutually exclusive.
Section III of this manual describes the use of binary code words for
sending instructions and information to the 8810, 3810, 3860 and 3881
TerminaIs and the medium resolution versions of these units.
The 3800 Series units operate in the same manner as the 8810. The have a
sma11er
CRT (14" or 13" beze1 diagonal), have different analog circuitry
and are housed in different enclosures. The 3810 has an ergonomie cabinet
of contemporary design, with adjustab1e tilt. The 3860 and 3881 are
designed for mounting in a standard 19" rack.
1.06

Specifications
j~* The 8818 Terminal ***1
Qperating Conditions
Power
Temperature
Hmridity
Altitude
103-1Z7 volts, 59/60 Hz., 150 watts
(By transformer tap selection, 93-147 VAC)
(Optionally 190-250 volts, 50/60 Hz.)
00C to +40Oç operating
-30°C
to +70
oC
for storage only
10% to 95% non-ec>ndensing
Sea level to 10,000 feet operating
Sea
level to 40,000 feet storage
100 lbs. 5.5 lbs.
Shipping 126 lbs. total
Pb2sical Dimensions
Height
Width
Depth
Weigh't
Console
17.5"
19.5"
22.5"
Keyboard
2.75"
18.75"
7"
19" diagonal preconverged, high-contrast CRT,
with auto-degaussing at power-up
186 squa~e :Lnch total screen area
SCreen tilt fixed at viadng angle of 7degrees
off Vlerti'cal
AlI metal enclosure with quarter-turn fasteners
for top and rear covers.
1!l'5"--i
f
l'
/
~
'(
-
-{
7.5"
/
---""
1/
"
c:::J
r::::::J
-
.~
.~
--;r~ 22_'5_" _,~
~
é~ l..,è;oo~_C""""" --::;~~
1.07

Display
Size
Width 13
ft
Height 10
ft
Area 130 sq. in.
Aspect ratio
approximately
4x3
Color
Format
Characters
Graphies
Cursor
Input/OUtput
SeriaI
Eight Foreground Colors and eight background
colors -- Red, Green, Blue, Magenta, Cyan,
Yellow, White and Black -- selectable on
character cell basis, Standard
80 Characters per Line
48 Lines per Page (or 24 Lines of 2X Characters)
64 upper case ASCII Characters, 5x7 dot matrix
within a6x8 dot pattern (or double-height 5x14
in a6xl6 pattern), Standard
Selectable 64-character set with 32 lowercase
ASCII and 32 control representation characters,
or 64 Special Process characters, or 64 Line
Drawing characters, Standard
Up to four additonal selectable 64-character
sets, optionally available.
Total characters available for use at a given
time not to exceed 128, including 64 ASCII
Selectable character blink and/or double-height,
Standard
Graphie capability for point plotting on a 160 x
192 grid, generation of bar graphs and vectors
and incremental plot modes, Standard
White
blinking underscore
Receive-only seriaI keyboard port for RS-232-C
level signals, Standard
Host interface RS-232-C compatible with full
modem controls, ten selectable Baud rates fram
110 to 38,400 with one or two stop bits, 7 or 8
data bits, selectable parity or none, Standard
Selectable software handshake Intecolor 8001,
ANSI XON/XOFF or none, Standard
Additional higher speed rate of 76,800 Baud,
optionally available
1.08

Paral1el
MicrQprcx:essor
Menory
Screen Refresh
Program
ROM
Set-up EEPRG1
other RAM
Kewoard
29/60 mA current loop for Host SeriaI Port,
opt:ional1y available
Auxiliary RS-232-C compatible seriaI port with
full modem controls, Baud rates to 9600,
se1ectable pari ty or none, Standard
Tra:nsmi
t-only seriaI printer port with RS-232-C
level signals and Clear to Send, Standard
Color printer driver ·(for characters and standard
resolution graphi.cs), Standard
8-bit parallel transmit-only for Centronics
canpatible printer, optionally available
8-bit paraIIel I/O port, for high speed full
duplex communication with hast or other àevice,
optionally available
The paralIel port options are mutually exclusive
5.5
MHz Z898
8l[{ Je 8, Standard
Additional pages of screen memory (for total of
bwo or four), optionallyavailable
24K x 8, Standard
One other socket available for optional ROM
2K x 8 non-volatile memory for retention of
selectable set-up characteristics, Standard
2lK Je 8 static MM for use as buffer, Standard
One addi tional socket for added 2K x 8 or l3K x 8
static RAM. One of ROM sockets configurable for
s'tat:ic RAM, 8K x 8 only
ll~l gold crossbar canmercial key swi tches
Options include incrernent to 117 keys or
dl=cI~ernent to 72 keys or deletion of keyboard
1.09