Iskratel SI2000 CALLISTO821+ User manual

SI2000 CALLISTO821+ ROUTER
USER GUIDE
Copyright©2005 Iskratel, Ltd.
All rights reserved.

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Index:
1 SI2000 CALLISTO821+ ROUTER 6
1.1 Features of SI2000 Callisto821+ Router 6
1.2 Using SI2000 Callisto821+ Router 6
1.2.1 Internet access 6
1.2.2 Security 7
1.3 Package contents 7
2 GETTING STARTED 8
2.1 Installation of hardware 8
2.1.1 Ports 8
WAN 8
RES (Reset button) 8
Ethernet 10Base-T/100Base-T port 8
AC power socket 8
2.1.2 Light indicators 9
2.1.3 Ethernet (UTP) cables 10
2.2 Preliminary setup 11
2.2.1 LAN and TCP/IP setup 11
User defined IP address 11
Obtain an IP automatically 12
2.2.2 Telnet management connection 12
2.2.3 WEB management connection 14
3 MANAGING SI2000 CALLISTO821+ ROUTER 16
3.1 Telnet management 16
3.1.1 CLI terminology 16
Transport 16
Interface 16
Object 17
List 17
Example: Attaching a transport to an interface 17
3.1.2 CLI command groups 18
3.1.3 CLI conventions 19
add 19
delete 19
clear 20
set 20
show 20
3.1.4 Help with completing CLI commands 21
3.1.5 User accounts 22
Adding new users 22
User passwords 23
Changing user settings 23
3.2 WEB management 24
3.2.1 About WEB management 24
Status 25
Quick start 25
System 25
Configuration 25

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3.2.2 Status page 25
Status 25
Advanced Diagnostics 25
Port Connection Status 26
WAN Status 26
LAN Status 26
Hardware Status 26
Defined Interfaces 27
3.2.3 Quick Start page 27
Creating a login using DHCP 28
3.2.4 System page 30
Event Log 30
Remote Access 31
Firmware Update 32
Backup / Restore 32
Restart Router 32
3.2.5 Configuration page 33
Save Configuration 33
Authentication 34
LAN Connections 37
WAN Connections 39
Security 43
ZIPB 44
IP Routes 46
DHCP server 48
DHCP relay 52
DNS client 54
DNS relay 55
Bridge 55
3.3 Ports 56
3.3.1 ADSL Port 57
3.3.2 Ethernet ports 57
3.4 System (backup, restore, reset) 58
3.4.1 Backup / Restore 58
Backup configuration 58
Restore configuration 59
3.4.2 Restart 60
Restart 60
3.5 Firmware upgrade 61
3.5.1 Upgrade 61
Update 61
4 BRIDGED CONFIGURATIONS 62
4.1 Creating new bridged connection 62
4.2 Changing ATM QoS parameters of the connection 64
4.3 Changing scheduler profile 65
4.4 Changing bridge interface settings 66
4.5 Bridge settings 67
4.6 Interface configuration 68
4.7 VLAN Configuration 68
4.7.1 Creating new VLAN 69
4.8 Forward All/Unregistered Configuration 71

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5 ROUTED CONNECTIONS 72
5.1 About routed configurations 72
5.2 PPPoE routed 72
5.2.1 Computer configuration 72
5.2.2 Creating connection 73
5.2.3 Modifying connection 76
5.3 RFC1483 routed 77
5.4 PPPoA routed 79
5.5 IPoA routed 81
5.6 PPPoE over Ethernet/Bridge routed 83
6 QUALITY OF SERVICE 85
6.1 ATM Quality of Service 85
6.2 Ethernet based Quality of Service 85
6.2.1 Configuring Scheduler 86
Listing current scheduler profiles 86
Creating new scheduler profile 87
Difference between priority and wf2qplus scheduling 87
7 INTERNET ACCESS 88
7.1.1 Encapsulation 89
IPoA 89
RFC1483 89
PPPoE 89
PPPoA 89
7.1.2 VPI and VCI 90
7.1.3 Multiplexing 91
VC-based multiplexing 91
LLC-based multiplexing 91
7.1.4 WAN IP Address 91
8 SECURITY OPTIONS 92
8.1 Security 92
8.1.1 Enabling security 93
Enabling security 93
Enabling Firewall and Intrusion Detection 93
Setting a default security level 93
8.1.2 Configuring security interfaces 94
Configuring security interfaces 94
8.2 NAT 95
Global IP Address Pools 95
Reserved Mappings 95
DMZ 95
8.2.1 Configuring NAT 96
Configuring NAT 96
8.2.2 NAT Global Address 97
Configuring NAT global addresses 97
8.2.3 NAT Reserved Mapping 99
Configuring NAT reserved mapping 99
8.3 Firewall 100
Port Filtering 100
Validators 100

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Triggers 100
Intrusion Detection 100
8.3.1 Firewall policies 101
Configuring Firewall policies 101
Configuring Portfilters 102
Configuring Validators 104
8.3.2 Triggers 105
Configuring Triggers 105
8.3.3 Intrusion Detection Settings 107
Configuring Intrusion Detection Settings 107
9 TROUBLESHOOTING 108
9.1 Recovery mode 108
9.1.1 Flash memory 108
Main flash memory 108
Recovery flash memory 108
9.1.2 Updating main flash memory 108
Configuring LAN interface on PC 108
Updating flash memory 109
9.2 Dealing with difficulties 109

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1 SI2000 CALLISTO821+ ROUTER
1.1 Features of SI2000 Callisto821+ Router
Your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router router features:
- high speed data transmission on single twisted copper pair for Internet access
- full rate operations up to 24 Mbit/s in downstream
- 10/100BaseT Ethernet port for LAN or PC connection
- PPPoE (RFC2516) connection support for accessing the Internet
- PPP over CHAP or PAP
- support for PPP over ATM
- support for IP over ATM
- RFC1483 bridged and routed support
- IEEE 802.1q VLAN support
- IEEE 802.1p Ethernet based quality of service
- DHCP server for easy IP address management
- DHCP relay
- DNS client
- DNS relaying
- WEB management and Telnet management over CLI (Command Line Interface) for LAN users
- firmware upgrade over WEB management
- support for VC based and LLC based multiplexing
- NAT (Network Address Translation) for single IP address Internet connection, used by the whole LAN
community
- firewall filtering functions, allowing better network security and management
- intrusion detection
1.2 Using SI2000 Callisto821+ Router
1.2.1 Internet access
Your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router can also be used for high speed Internet connections. The TCP/IP
standards, most commonly used for using the Internet, are supported by the router. The PPPoE connections
in dial-up or dial-in mode are also possible. In order to use your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router for Internet
access, there must be a DSLAM installed at a provider company's infrastructure near you. DSLAM is a rack
of ADSL line cards that links many customer ADSL connections to a single high speed ine. A typical Internet
access application is shown below on figure 2.
You can also use NAT (Network Address Translation) services that your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router
provides when setting up an Internet connection. This feature allows multiple users on LAN to use the
Internet connection, basing on one IP address. The DNS server and DNS relaying is also supported.

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Figure 1: Example of Internet access connection
1.2.2 Security
Connecting your computer to the Internet exposes it to a wide range of risks. The SI2000 Callisto821+
Router comes with security functions to safeguard your system and data. Three types of interfaces can be
controlled by the Firewall: Internal (LAN), external (WAN) and DMZ (DeMilitarized Zone). A DMZ is usually
used by a company that wants to host its own Internet services without sacrificing unauthorized access to its
private network. Typically, the DMZ contains devices accessible to Internet traffic such as HTTP, FTP, DNS
and SMTP servers. You can configure the Firewall to allow or block access from one interface type to
another interface type.
You can configure the Firewall by using a default Security level, by Firewall port filters, by Firewall validators
and by Security triggers.
1.3 Package contents
SI2000 Callisto821+ Router package comes with following items:
1. SI2000 Callisto821+ Router unit
2. AC adapter
3. Ethernet UTP cord
4. CD-ROM containing user's guide
internet
DSLAM
DSL line
ethernet cable
A
TM

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2 GETTING STARTED
2.1 Installation of hardware
2.1.1 Ports
The following figure shows the rear panel of your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router.
Figure 2: The rear panel of the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router
WAN
This port is used for connecting the ADSL cable to your phone jack. Connect the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router
to the ADSL port to access the Internet.
RES (Reset button)
This button is used to reset the configuration of the router to factory default values. You must hold this button
while the router is starting-up until ALM led will start flashing fast (about 30 seconds). Callisto821+ will use
factory default settings only for the time it is running. If you want to preserve factory default settings save the
configuration.
Ethernet 10Base-T/100Base-T port
Use a straight-through or crossover ethernet cable (2.1.3Ethernet (UTP) cables) to connect your SI2000
Callisto821+ Router to a computer or any other device. It is possible to manage the settings of the router with
telnet connection using this port. The factory setting for IP address is 192.168.1.1.
AC power socket
Plug the power cable to ensure power to the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router.

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2.1.2 Light indicators
The following figure shows the front panel of your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router.
There are five LEDs on the front panel of the router that indicate the status of your SI2000 Callisto821+
Router. The description is given in table 1.
table 1: LEDs description
LED Status Description
PWR on Power on.
off Power off or fatal malfunction.
100M/10M on Ethernet link is established. No ethernet activity.
off No ethernet link established.
blinking Ethernet activity.
WAN on ADSL line is established.
off ADSL interface is not functional.
blinking slow ADSL interface is in handshake mode looking for DSLAM
blinking fast ADSL interface detected DSLAM on the other side and
negotiating link parameters.
ALM blinking malfunction
Figure 3: The front panel of the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router

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2.1.3 Ethernet (UTP) cables
You should use a straight-through Ethernet cable to connect your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router to a computer
directly or use a crossover cable to connect to an external hub. The explanation on what does that mean
follows.
There are 8 contacts on UTP connector, described in the next table. The UTP connectors are shown on
figure 5 :
table 2: UTP contacts
Contact MDI signal
1 TD+
2 TD-
3 RD+
4 Not used by 10Base-T
5 Not used by 10Base-T
6 RD-
7 Not used by 10Base-T
8 Not used by 10Base-T
In case of straight-through cable, the contacts on both sides of the cable are connected in the same way, like
shown on the left side of figure 6.
In case of crossover cable, the contacts on both sides of the cable are connected cross-over, like shown on
the right side of figure 6.
Figure 5: Ethernet cable: straight-through connected cable (left) and crossover connected cable (right)
Figure 4: The UTP connectors

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2.2 Preliminary setup
2.2.1 LAN and TCP/IP setup
This section of the manual provides important information to keep in mind when setting up the first
connection between your computer and SI2000 Callisto821+ Router.
The factory default settings of the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router have values listed bellow:
Local IP address: 192.168.1.1
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
DHCP server: Disabled
User defined IP address
The default option is to set up the connection by yourself. In this case you must specify the IP address of
your system. Be careful that the subnet values of your system and the router are the same, e.g. 192.168.1.0
(IP address 192.168.1.1 for router and IP address 192.168.1.2 for computer). Example is shown on the
picture bellow.
The IP address of the router can also be changed, you can learn about that under the 2.2.2Telnet
management connection and 2.2.3WEB management connection sections of the Getting started chapter.
Figure 6: User defined IP address set up for Local Area Connection on
computer

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Obtain an IP automatically
If you enable DHCP server in Callisto821+, is the easiest way to set up a connection to configure the LAN
adapter on your system to obtain an IP automatically. This can be done in your operational system by
managing the Local Area Connection Properties. The TCP/IP protocol must be installed on your system and
set to obtain an IP address automatically. Example is shown on the figure 7.
2.2.2 Telnet management connection
This section of the document describes the basic principles on how to manage the basic settings of the
SI2000 Callisto821+ Router using the Telnet client terminal connection. In order to set up the Telnet Client
connection, the router and the computer must reside in the same IP network (e.g. 192.168.1.0).
To establish a Telnet connection do the following:
1. Open the Command Prompt.
2. Type in the command for accessing certain IP address over Telnet Client connection:
telnet <ipaddress>
e.g. telnet 192.168.1.1 for default settings of the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router.
3. The initial screen of Command Line Interface (CLI) will appear:
Figure 7: IP obtain automatically set up for Local Area connection on computer

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To login to the system for the first time, at Login prompt, enter the following user name and password:
Login: admin
Password: admin
To change Local IP address of the router, do next:
Type in the CLI prompt:
ip set interface iplan ipaddress <ipaddress>
where <ipaddress> is the desired IP address, e.g. 192.168.5.123.
Attention! When the IP address of the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router has been changed, the current terminal
session in the Telnet management will no longer be possible. You have to establish the new one using the IP
address you have given to the Callisto821+.
When changing the IP address of the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router be careful that the subnet values (for
example 192.168.2.0 and 192.168.2.) of the Callisto821+ and Personal Computer always stay the same! If
that is not the case, the LAN communication between both systems will not be possible. If you have set the
IP address with subnet different from the computer ones (the subnet value of the router and the PC do not
match) for the router, you have to change the IP settings of the Personal Computer, so that the subnet
values will match again!
Fi
g
ure 8: The initial screen of the CLI window in Telnet Client

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2.2.3 WEB management connection
SI2000 Callisto821+ Router has embedded WEB server included in the firmware. This section of the
document describes the basic principles on how to manage the settings of the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router
using WEB management connection with any web browser.
To access Web management connection enter the URL at your web browser:
http://<ipaddress>
e.g. http://192.168.1.1
where <ipaddress> is the Local IP address of the SI2000 Callisto821+ Router, e.g. 192.168.1.1
for factory default settings. The IP addresses of router and computer must be parts of the same IP
network (e.g. 192.168.1.0).
You are asked to enter username and password:
Enter the user name admin and password admin.
Figure 9: The welcome page of WEB management pages
The Status page is displayed. To change Local IP address of the router, do next:

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Click on LAN Settings below Status line in the Status page. The default IP address is not shown
in the table that appears. You can edit default IP address by using the Change default LAN port
IP address button below. The following page will appear:
Now just type in the desired IP address in the Primary IP Address boxes and click on Apply
button. New IP address will be set.
Once you have changed the IP address of the router, make sure that the IP address of computer is a part of
the same network!
Figure 10: Changing IP address with Web management

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3 MANAGING SI2000 CALLISTO821+ ROUTER
3.1 Telnet management
Telnet Client uses the Telnet Protocol, part of the TCP/IP suite of protocols, to connect to a remote computer
over a network. In order to set up the Telnet Client connection, the router and the computer must be parts of
the same IP network (e.g. 192.168.1.0).
The CLI is the Command Line Interface for configuring SI2000 Callisto821+ Router, using the Telnet
Protocol.
This chapter provides you with basic CLI description. For further information refer to SI2000 Callisto821+
Router CLI Reference Manual.
3.1.1 CLI terminology
In order to use the Telnet Client with the CLI command prompt, you need to understand the following CLI
terms:
Transport
A transport is a layer 2 session and everything below it. You can create a transport and attach it to a bridge
or router so that data can be bridged or routed via the attached transport. For example, see Attaching a
transport to an interface in this chapter. Your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router supports following transports:
- PPPoA
- PPPoE
- RFC1483
- IPoA
- Ethernet
Interface
Bridges and routers both also have interfaces. A single transport is attached to a bridge or router via an
interface. For example, see Attaching a transport to an interface in this chapter.

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Object
An object is anything that you can create and manipulate as a single entity, for example interfaces,
transports, static routes and NAT rules.
List
Objects are numbered entries in a list. For example if you have created more than one IP interface, the
following command:
ip list interfaces
produces a list of numbered interface objects. Object numbers are displayed in the first column under
heading ID. Example is shown in the next figure:
Example: Attaching a transport to an interface
...To attach a transport to a bridge or router, you need to :
1. Create a transport. In the following command, an Ethernet transport is created and named ether1
and the port name is specified (ethernet):
ethernet add transport ether1 ethernet
2. Create an interface. In the following command, a bridge interface is created and called bridgeintf:
bridge add interface bridgeintf
3. Attach the transport to the interface. In the following command, the ether1 ethernet transport is
attached to the bridgeintf bridge interface:
bridge attach bridgeintf ether1
Figure 11: List of objects

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3.1.2 CLI command groups
Your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router has an associated group of commands available in the CLI for configuring
the device over Telnet Client. Each command in the group starts with the same command string, e.g. all
router configuration commands start with ip. The typical CLI command groups that are embedded in your
SI2000 Callisto821+ Router are listed in this chapter along with a simple explanation of the use. The bold
and italic part of text is the command string.
ald / Algorithmic dropper
Used for: add, configure and remove ALD profiles
ip / Router configuration
Used for: add, configure and remove IP interfaces.
bridge / Bridge configuration
Used for: add, configure and remove bridge interfaces.
ethernet /Ethernet configuration
Used for: create and remove ethernet transports and provide statistics.
rfc1483 / RFC1483 configuration
Used for: create, configure and remove RFC transports.
ipoa / IPoA configuration
Used for: create, configure and remove IP over ATM transports.
pppoa / PPPoA configuration
Used for: create, configure and remove PPP over ATM server and client transports.
pppoe / PPPoE configuration
Used for: create, configure and remove PPP over ethernet server and client transports.
dhcpserver / DHCP server configuration
Used for: define the DHCP network topology.
dhcpclient / DHCP client configuration
Used for: add, change and remove DHCP client interface declarations.
dhcprelay / DHCP relay configuration
Used for: add and remove DHCP server addresses for relaying.
dnsrelay / DNS relay configuration
Used for: add and remove DNS server addresses.
dnsclient / DNS client configuration
Used for: add and remove DNS client addresses.
igmp / IGMP configuration
Used for: configure igmp behavior for IP stack.
logger / Log to a remote host using syslog
Used for: configure syslog.

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security / Security configuration
Used for: enable the security module, create, configure and remove security interfaces and create or
configure triggers.
nat / NAT configuration
Used for: enable/ disable NAT (Network Address Translation) objects, create, configure and remove global
address pools and reserve mappings.
scheduler / Configuration commands for scheduler
Used for: add and remove scheduler profiles.
sntpclient / DNS client Simple Network Time Protocol Client commands
Used for: add and remove SNTP server addresses.
firewall / Firewall configuration
Used for: create, configure and remove port filters and validators. Control Intrusion Detection.
transports / Transports configuration
Used for: display and delete existing transport configuration details.
port / Port configuration
Used for: configure and display port information.
system / System administration commands
Used for: perform system maintenance tasks.
user / User commands
Used for: add and remove users for accessing the device.
3.1.3 CLI conventions
The CLI of your SI2000 Callisto821+ Router uses standard, intuitive command names that can be used in
different instances:
add
Use this command to add and name objects (e.g. interfaces or transports). The add command requires
attributes to be specified as arguments in a certain order. For example, to create an Ethernet transport, you
need to specify the transport name and system port:
ethernet add transport <name> <port>
delete
The delete command deletes named objects or numbered objects, as displayed during using the list
command:
ethernet delete transport {<name> <number>}

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clear
The clear command deletes all named entities that belong to an object, for example the following command:
firewall clear policies
deletes all of the policy objects that belong to the Firewall. You should use the clear command with caution,
as the above example also deletes all validators and portfilters that belong to the policies.
set
The set command changes a value or multiple values within the system, for example:
ip set interface {<name>|<number>} ipaddress <ipaddress>
show
The show command lists current configuration and statistics for an object or module. For example, the
command:
bridge show
may give the following response, depending on your bridge configurations:
--> bridge show
Global bridge configuration:
MAC Address: 0:1:38:2a:9f:bb
Number of Interfaces: 4
Type: TRANSPARENT
Filter Age: 300 seconds
Unicast-Learning: HYBRID
Multicast-Learning: HVM
Interface VLAN ID: ENABLED
Traffic Classes: ENABLED
Tagging: ENABLED
Acceptable Frame Type: ENABLED
Ingress Filtering: ENABLED
VLAN Bridge Configuration:
VLAN Version Number: 1
Maximum VLAN ID: 4094
Maximum Number of VLANS: 20
Current Number of VLANS: 1
figure 13: Example of show command.