Juniper JUNOSE 11.2.X IP SERVICES User manual

JunosE™ Software
for E Series™ Broadband
Services Routers
IP Services Configuration Guide
Release
11.2.x
Published: 2010-06-29
Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.

Juniper Networks, Inc.
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Sunnyvale, California 94089
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www.juniper.net
Juniper Networks, Junos, Steel-Belted Radius, NetScreen, and ScreenOS are registered trademarks of Juniper Networks, Inc. in the United
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Juniper Networks assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies in this document. Juniper Networks reserves the right to change, modify,
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Products made or sold by Juniper Networks or components thereof might be covered by one or more of the following patents that are
owned by or licensed to Juniper Networks: U.S. Patent Nos. 5,473,599, 5,905,725, 5,909,440, 6,192,051, 6,333,650, 6,359,479, 6,406,312,
6,429,706, 6,459,579, 6,493,347, 6,538,518, 6,538,899, 6,552,918, 6,567,902, 6,578,186, and 6,590,785.
JunosE™ Software for E Series™ Broadband Services Routers IP Services Configuration Guide
Release 11.2.x
Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.
All rights reserved. Printed in USA.
Writing: Subash Babu Asokan, Mark Barnard, Bruce Gillham, Sarah Lesway-Ball, Brian Wesley Simmons, Fran Singer, Namrata Mehta
Editing: Benjamin Mann
Illustration: Nathaniel Woodward
Cover Design: Edmonds Design
Revision History
July 2010—FRS JunosE 11.2.x
The information in this document is current as of the date listed in the revision history.
YEAR 2000 NOTICE
Juniper Networks hardware and software products are Year 2000 compliant. The Junos OS has no known time-related limitations through
the year 2038. However, the NTP application is known to have some difficulty in the year 2036.
Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.ii

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vCopyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.

Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.vi

Abbreviated Table of Contents
AbouttheDocumentation........................................xxiii
Part 1 Chapters
Chapter1 ConfiguringRoutingPolicy..........................................3
Chapter2 ConfiguringNAT...................................................61
Chapter3 ConfiguringJ-FlowStatistics........................................91
Chapter4 ConfiguringBFD..................................................107
Chapter5 ConfiguringIPSec.................................................119
Chapter 6 Configuring Dynamic IPSec Subscribers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Chapter7 ConfiguringANCP................................................185
Chapter 8 Configuring Digital Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Chapter9 ConfiguringIPTunnels............................................237
Chapter 10 Configuring Dynamic IP Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Chapter11 IPReassemblyforTunnels........................................269
Chapter 12 Securing L2TP and IP Tunnels with IPSec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Chapter 13 Configuring the Mobile IP Home Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Part 2 Index
Index............................................................321
viiCopyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.

Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.viii
JunosE 11.2.x IP Services Configuration Guide

Table of Contents
AbouttheDocumentation........................................xxiii
E Series and JunosE Documentation and Release Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
Audience.........................................................xxiii
E Series and JunosE Text and Syntax Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
ObtainingDocumentation...........................................xxv
DocumentationFeedback...........................................xxv
RequestingTechnicalSupport........................................xxv
Self-Help Online Tools and Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvi
OpeningaCasewithJTAC.......................................xxvi
Part 1 Chapters
Chapter1 ConfiguringRoutingPolicy..........................................3
Overview...........................................................3
Platform Considerations..............................................4
References .........................................................4
Route Maps ........................................................4
RouteMapConfigurationExample..................................5
MultipleValuesinaMatchEntry....................................6
NegatingMatchClauses...........................................7
MatchingaCommunityListExactly..................................8
Removing Community Lists from a Route Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
MatchingaPolicyList.............................................9
RedistributingAccessRoutes.......................................9
SettingMulticastBandwidths......................................9
MatchPolicyLists...................................................19
AccessLists.......................................................20
FilteringPrefixes................................................20
ConfigurationExample1.......................................21
ConfigurationExample2......................................21
ConfigurationExample3......................................22
FilteringASPaths...............................................22
ConfigurationExample1......................................23
UsingAccessListsinaRouteMap..................................24
ConfigurationExample1......................................24
Using Access Lists for PIM Join Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
ClearingAccessListCounters.....................................30
CreatingTableMaps.............................................30
UsingtheNullInterface..............................................32
Prefix Lists ........................................................32
UsingaPrefixList...............................................33
ixCopyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.

PrefixTrees........................................................35
UsingaPrefixTree...............................................35
CommunityLists....................................................37
ExtendedCommunityLists.......................................40
UsingRegularExpressions............................................42
AS-pathLists...................................................42
CommunityLists................................................43
CommunityNumbers............................................43
Metacharacters.................................................43
Using Metacharacters as Literal Tokens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
RegularExpressionExamples.....................................44
ManagingtheRoutingTable..........................................47
TroubleshootingRoutingPolicy........................................47
MonitoringRoutingPolicy............................................48
Chapter2 ConfiguringNAT...................................................61
Overview ..........................................................61
PlatformConsiderations.............................................62
Module Requirements ...........................................62
References ........................................................62
NATConfigurations.................................................63
TraditionalNAT.................................................63
BasicNAT..................................................63
NAPT .....................................................63
Bidirectional NAT ...............................................64
TwiceNAT.....................................................64
NetworkandAddressTerms..........................................64
InsideLocalAddresses...........................................65
InsideGlobalAddresses..........................................65
OutsideLocalAddresses.........................................65
OutsideGlobalAddresses........................................65
UnderstandingAddressTranslation....................................65
InsideSourceTranslation.........................................65
OutsideSourceTranslation.......................................65
AddressAssignmentMethods........................................66
StaticTranslations..............................................66
DynamicTranslations............................................66
OrderofOperations.................................................66
Inside-to-OutsideTranslation.....................................66
Outside-to-Inside Translation .....................................67
PPTPandGRETunnelingThroughNAT.................................67
PacketDiscardRules................................................68
BeforeYouBegin...................................................68
ConfiguringaNATLicense............................................68
LimitingTranslationEntries...........................................69
Specifying Inside and Outside Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Defining Static Address Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Creating Static Inside Source Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Creating Static Outside Source Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.x
JunosE 11.2.x IP Services Configuration Guide

DefiningDynamicTranslations.........................................71
CreatingAccessListRules.........................................71
DefiningAddressPools...........................................72
Defining Dynamic Translation Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Creating Dynamic Inside Source Translation Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Creating Dynamic Outside Source Translation Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
DefiningTranslationTimeouts.....................................75
ClearingDynamicTranslations........................................76
NATConfigurationExamples..........................................76
NAPTExample.................................................76
BidirectionalNATExample........................................78
TwiceNATExample.............................................79
Cross-VRFExample..............................................81
Tunnel Configuration Through NAT Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
ClientsonanInsideNetwork......................................83
ClientsonanOutsideNetwork.....................................83
GREFlowsThroughNAT.............................................84
Monitoring NAT ....................................................84
DisplayingtheNATLicenseKey....................................84
DisplayingTranslationStatistics...................................85
DisplayingTranslationEntries.....................................86
Displaying Address Pool Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Displaying Inside and Outside Rule Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Chapter3 ConfiguringJ-FlowStatistics........................................91
Overview ..........................................................91
Interface Sampling ..............................................91
AggregationCaches.............................................92
FlowCollection.................................................92
MainFlowCacheContents....................................92
CacheFlowExport...........................................93
AgingFlows....................................................93
OperationwithNAT.............................................93
OperationwithHighAvailability....................................94
PlatformConsiderations.............................................94
Before You Configure J-Flow Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Configuring Flow-Based Statistics Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
EnablingFlow-BasedStatistics....................................95
Enabling Flow-Based Statistics on an Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
DefiningaSamplingInterval......................................95
SettingCacheSize..............................................97
DefiningAgingTimers............................................97
SpecifyingtheActivityTimer...................................97
SpecifyingtheInactivityTimer.................................97
SpecifyingFlowExport...........................................98
Configuring Aggregation Flow Caches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
MonitoringJ-FlowStatistics..........................................101
ClearingJ-FlowStatistics.........................................101
J-FlowshowCommands.........................................101
xiCopyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.
Table of Contents

Chapter4 ConfiguringBFD..................................................107
Bidirectional Forwarding Detection Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
HowBFDWorks................................................108
Negotiation of the BFD Liveness Detection Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
BFDPlatformConsiderations.........................................110
BFDReferences....................................................110
ConfiguringaBFDLicense...........................................110
BFDVersionSupport................................................111
ConfiguringBFD....................................................112
Managing BFD Adaptive Timer Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
ClearingBFDSessions...............................................113
Monitoring BFD ....................................................114
SystemEventLogs..............................................114
ViewingBFDInformation.........................................115
Chapter5 ConfiguringIPSec.................................................119
Overview .........................................................119
IPSecTermsandAcronyms.......................................119
PlatformConsiderations.............................................121
References ........................................................121
IPSecConcepts....................................................122
SecureIPInterfaces.............................................122
RFC2401Compliance.......................................123
IPSecProtocolStack........................................123
Security Parameters ............................................124
Manual Versus Signaled Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
OperationalVirtualRouter....................................126
TransportVirtualRouter......................................126
PerfectForwardSecrecy......................................127
Lifetime...................................................128
InboundandOutboundSAs..................................129
TransformSets.............................................129
OtherSecurityFeatures..........................................132
IPSecurityPolicies..........................................132
ESPProcessing.............................................132
AHProcessing..............................................132
IPSecMaximumsSupported..................................133
DPDandIPSecTunnelFailover....................................133
TunnelFailover.............................................133
IKEOverview......................................................134
MainModeandAggressiveMode..................................134
AggressiveModeNegotiations.................................135
IKEPolicies....................................................135
Priority....................................................136
Encryption.................................................136
HashFunction..............................................136
AuthenticationMode........................................136
Diffie-HellmanGroup........................................137
Lifetime ...................................................137
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JunosE 11.2.x IP Services Configuration Guide

IKESANegotiation..............................................137
Generating Private and Public Key Pairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Configuration Tasks ................................................138
ConfiguringanIPSecLicense.....................................138
ConfiguringIPSecParameters....................................139
CreatinganIPSecTunnel........................................142
Configuring DPD and IPSec Tunnel Failover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
DefininganIKEPolicy...........................................148
RefreshingSAs.................................................151
Enabling Notification of Invalid Cookies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
ConfigurationExamples.............................................152
ConfigurationNotes.............................................152
Monitoring IPSec ..................................................160
SystemEventLogs.............................................160
showCommands..............................................160
Chapter 6 Configuring Dynamic IPSec Subscribers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Overview.........................................................169
DynamicConnectionSetup......................................169
DynamicConnectionTeardown...................................170
Dynamic IPSec Subscriber Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Licensing Requirements .........................................170
Inherited Subscriber Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
UsingIPSecTunnelProfiles.......................................171
RelocatingTunnelInterfaces......................................172
UserAuthentication.............................................172
PlatformConsiderations.............................................172
References........................................................173
CreatinganIPSecTunnelProfile.......................................173
ConfiguringIPSecTunnelProfiles......................................174
Limiting Interface Instantiations on Each Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
SpecifyingIKESettings..........................................174
SettingtheIKELocalIdentity..................................174
SettingtheIKEPeerIdentity...................................175
Appending a Domain Suffix to a Username . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Overriding IPSec Local and Peer Identities for SA Negotiations . . . . . . . . . . 176
Specifying an IP Profile for IP Interface Instantiations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
DefiningtheServerIPAddress.....................................177
SpecifyingLocalNetworks........................................177
Defining IPSec Security Association Lifetime Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Defining User Reauthentication Protocol Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Specifying IPSec Security Association Transforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Specifying IPSec Security Association PFS and DH Group Parameters . . . . 179
DefiningtheTunnelMTU........................................180
Defining IKE Policy Rules for IPSec Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Specifying a Virtual Router for an IKE Policy Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Defining Aggressive Mode for an IKE Policy Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
xiiiCopyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc.
Table of Contents

MonitoringIPSecTunnelProfiles......................................181
SystemEventLogs.............................................182
show Commands ..............................................182
Chapter7 ConfiguringANCP................................................185
Overview.........................................................185
AccessTopologyDiscovery.......................................186
LineConfiguration..............................................186
TransactionalMulticast..........................................186
OAM .........................................................187
Retrieval of DSL Line Rate Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Learning the Partition ID from an Access Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
PlatformConsiderations.............................................187
References .......................................................188
ConfiguringANCP..................................................188
Creating a Listening TCP Socket for ANCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Accessing L2C Configuration Mode for ANCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Defining the ANCP Session Timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Learning the Access Node Partition ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
ConfiguringANCPInterfaces.........................................189
ConfiguringANCPNeighbors.........................................190
Accessing L2C Neighbor Configuration Mode for ANCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
DefininganANCPNeighbor.......................................191
LimitingDiscoveryTableEntries...................................191
ClearingANCPNeighbors........................................192
ConfiguringTopologyDiscovery.......................................192
Configuring ANCP for QoS Adaptive Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
TriggeringANCPLineConfiguration....................................193
Adjusting the Data Rate Reported by ANCP for DSL Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Configuring Transactional Multicast for IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
CreatinganIGMPSessionforANCP................................195
ANCPIGMPConfigurationExample................................195
CompleteConfigurationExample.................................196
TriggeringANCPOAM...............................................197
MonitoringANCP...................................................197
Chapter 8 Configuring Digital Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Overview ........................................................205
Digital Certificate Terms and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
PlatformConsiderations............................................206
References.......................................................206
IKE Authentication with Digital Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
SignatureAuthentication........................................207
Generating Public/Private Key Pairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
ObtainingaRootCACertificate...................................208
Obtaining a Public Key Certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
OfflineCertificateEnrollment.................................209
OnlineCertificateEnrollment.................................209
AuthenticatingthePeer.........................................210
VerifyingCRLs.................................................210
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File Extensions .................................................211
CertificateChains...............................................211
IKE Authentication Using Public Keys Without Digital Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
ConfigurationTasks.............................................212
PublicKeyFormat..............................................212
Configuring Digital Certificates Using the Offline Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Configuring Digital Certificates Using the Online Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Configuring Peer Public Keys Without Digital Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Monitoring Digital Certificates and Public Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Chapter9 ConfiguringIPTunnels............................................237
Overview.........................................................237
GRE Tunnels ..................................................237
DVMRPTunnels ...............................................238
PlatformConsiderations............................................238
Module Requirements ..........................................238
ERX7xx Models, ERX14xx Models, and the ERX310 Router . . . . . . . . . . 238
E120RouterandE320Router.................................239
Redundancy and Tunnel Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
References .......................................................239
ConfigurationTasks................................................240
ConfigurationExample..........................................242
Configuring IP Tunnels to Forward IP Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
PreventingRecursiveTunnels.....................................243
Creating Multicast VPNs Using GRE Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
MonitoringIPTunnels..............................................244
Chapter 10 Configuring Dynamic IP Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
DynamicIPTunnelOverview.........................................251
Data MDT for Multicast VPNs and Dynamic IP Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
MobileIPandDynamicIPTunnels.................................252
Combining Dynamic and Static IP Tunnels in the Same Chassis . . . . . . . . . 253
Changing and Removing Existing Dynamic IP Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Platform Considerations ............................................253
Module Requirements ..........................................254
ERX7xx Models, ERX14xx Models, and the ERX310 Router . . . . . . . . . . 254
E120RouterandE320Router.................................254
Redundancy and Tunnel Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
References .......................................................255
Configuring a Destination Profile for Dynamic IP Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Modifying the Default Destination Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Modifying the Configuration of the Default Destination Profile . . . . . . . 256
Configuring a Destination Profile for GRE Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Creating a Destination Profile for DVMRP Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
MonitoringDynamicIPTunnels.......................................259
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Chapter11 IPReassemblyforTunnels........................................269
Overview ........................................................269
Platform Considerations............................................270
ModuleRequirements...........................................270
ERX7xx Models, ERX14xx Models, and the ERX310 Router . . . . . . . . . . 270
E120RouterandE320Router..................................271
ConfiguringIPReassembly...........................................271
MonitoringIPReassembly...........................................272
SettingStatisticsBaselines.......................................272
Displaying Statistics ............................................272
Chapter 12 Securing L2TP and IP Tunnels with IPSec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Overview.........................................................275
TunnelCreation................................................275
IPSecSecured-TunnelMaximums.................................276
Platform Considerations ............................................276
ModuleRequirements...........................................276
References .......................................................276
L2TP/IPSecTunnels................................................277
Setting Up the Secure L2TP Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
L2TP with IPSec Control and Data Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
CompatibilityandRequirements..................................279
ClientSoftwareSupported...................................279
InteractionswithNAT.......................................279
Interaction Between IPSec and PPP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
LNSChangeofPort.........................................280
GroupPresharedKey........................................280
NATPassthroughMode.........................................280
NATTraversal.................................................280
HowNAT-TWorks..........................................281
UDP Encapsulation .........................................281
UDPStatistics.............................................282
NATKeepaliveMessages.....................................282
Configuring and Monitoring NAT-T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Single-ShotTunnels............................................283
ConfigurationTasksforClientPC..................................284
Configuration Tasks for E Series Routers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
EnablingIPSecSupportforL2TP..................................285
ConfiguringNAT-T.............................................286
ConfiguringSingle-ShotTunnels..................................287
GRE/IPSec and DVMRP/IPSec Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
Setting Up the Secure GRE or DVMRP Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
Configuration Tasks ............................................288
Enabling IPSec Support for GRE and DVMRP Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Configuring IPSec Transport Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Monitoring DVMRP/IPSec, GRE/IPSec, and L2TP/IPSec Tunnels . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
SystemEventLogs.............................................294
showCommands..............................................294
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Chapter 13 Configuring the Mobile IP Home Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
MobileIPOverview................................................303
MobileIPAgentDiscovery.......................................304
MobileIPRegistration..........................................304
HomeAddressAssignment..................................304
Authentication.............................................305
AAA .....................................................305
Subscriber Management ....................................306
MobileIPRoutingandForwarding.................................306
MobileIPPlatformConsiderations....................................307
MobileIPReferences...............................................307
Before You Configure the Mobile IP Home Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Configuring the Mobile IP Home Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
MonitoringtheMobileIPHomeAgent..................................313
Part 2 Index
Index ............................................................321
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List of Figures
Part 1 Chapters
Chapter1 ConfiguringRoutingPolicy..........................................3
Figure 1: Applying Route Maps to Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure2:FilteringwithAccessLists.....................................22
Figure 3: Filtering with AS-Path Access Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure4:RouteMapFiltering..........................................24
Figure5:CommunityLists............................................38
Chapter2 ConfiguringNAT...................................................61
Figure6:NAPTExample..............................................77
Figure7:BidirectionalNATExample....................................78
Figure8:TwiceNATExample.........................................80
Figure9:Cross-VRFExample..........................................81
Figure 10: PPTP Tunnels on an Inside Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Figure 11: PPTP Tunnels on an Outside Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Chapter5 ConfiguringIPSec.................................................119
Figure12:IPSecTunnelingStack......................................123
Figure 13: IPSec Tunneling Packet Encapsulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Figure 14: IPSec Security Parameters in Relation to the Secure IP Interface . . . . 125
Figure 15: Customer A's Corporate Frame Relay Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Figure 16: ISP-X Uses ERX Routers to Connect Corporate Offices over the
Internet.......................................................153
Figure 17: Connecting Customers Who Use Similar Address Schemes . . . . . . . . 156
Chapter7 ConfiguringANCP................................................185
Figure 18: Using ANCP with an Access Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Chapter9 ConfiguringIPTunnels............................................237
Figure19:IPTunneling..............................................237
Figure 20: Transport and Tunnel Networks Using Different Routing Protocols . . 244
Chapter11 IPReassemblyforTunnels........................................269
Figure 21: Tunneling Through an IP Network That Fragments Packets . . . . . . . . 270
Chapter 12 Securing L2TP and IP Tunnels with IPSec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Figure 22: L2TP with IPSec Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Figure23:L2TP/IPSecConnection....................................278
Figure 24: L2TP Control Frame Encapsulated by IPSec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Figure 25: L2TP Data Frame Encapsulated by IPSec . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Figure 26: L2TP Control Frame with NAT-T UDP Encapsulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Figure 27: L2TP Data Frame with NAT-T UDP Encapsulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
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Figure 28: IKE Packet with NAT-T UDP Encapsulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Figure29:GRE/IPSecConnection.....................................288
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