KAPERSKY ANTI-VIRUS 5.7 - FOR LINUX FILE SERVER Service manual

KASPERSKY LAB
Kaspersky Anti-Virus ® 5.7 for Linux Workstation
ADMINISTRATOR'S GUIDE

K A S P E R S K Y A N T I - V I R U S ®5 . 7 F O R
L I N U X W O R K S T A T I O N
Administrator's Guide
Kaspersky Lab Ltd.
http://www.kaspersky.com/
Revision date: September, 2008

Contents
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................. 6
1.1. Computer viruses and malware ........................................................................ 6
1.2. Purpose and major functionality of Kaspersky Anti-Virus .................................. 7
1.3. What's new in version 5.7?............................................................................... 8
1.4. Licensing procedure ......................................................................................... 8
1.5. Hardware and software system requirements................................................... 8
1.6. Distribution kit ................................................................................................. 10
1.6.1. License Agreement .................................................................................. 10
1.6.2. Services for registered users.................................................................... 10
1.7. Conventions used in this document ................................................................ 11
CHAPTER 2. HOW IT WORKS................................................................................ 12
CHAPTER 3. INSTALLING KASPERSKY ANTI-VIRUS........................................... 14
3.1. Installing the application on a computer running Linux.................................... 14
3.2. Installation procedure...................................................................................... 14
3.3. Post-install configuration................................................................................. 15
3.4. Installing Network Agent ................................................................................. 16
3.5. Configuring Network Agent............................................................................. 16
3.6. Updating the application to version 5.7 ........................................................... 17
3.7. Locating the application files ........................................................................... 17
3.8. Completing the setup...................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER 4. USING KASPERSKY ANTI-VIRUS.................................................... 20
4.1. Updating the anti-virus database..................................................................... 20
4.1.1. Automatically updating the anti-virus database......................................... 21
4.1.2. On-demand updating of the anti-virus database....................................... 23
4.1.3. Creating a network directory to store the anti-virus database.................... 24
4.2. Anti-virus protection of file systems................................................................. 25
4.2.1. Scan scope.............................................................................................. 26
4.2.2. Object scan and disinfection mode........................................................... 27
4.2.3. Actions to be performed on objects .......................................................... 28
4.2.4. On-demand scan of an individual directory............................................... 29
4.2.5. Scheduled scan ....................................................................................... 29

4 Kaspersky Anti-Virus 5.7 for Linux Workstation
4.2.6. Additional capabilities: using script files .................................................... 30
4.2.6.1. Disinfection of infected objects in an archive...................................... 30
4.2.6.2. Sending notifications to the administrator........................................... 31
4.3. Real-time anti-virus protection......................................................................... 32
4.4. Managing license keys ................................................................................... 33
4.4.1. Viewing license key details....................................................................... 33
4.4.2. Renewing your license ............................................................................. 35
CHAPTER 5. ADDITIONAL SETTINGS................................................................... 37
5.1. Configuration of product interaction with Webmin ........................................... 37
5.2. Optimization of Kaspersky Anti-Virus operation .............................................. 38
5.3. Moving objects into quarantine ....................................................................... 40
5.4. Backing up infected objects ............................................................................ 41
5.5. Localization of the date and time format.......................................................... 42
5.6. Kaspersky Anti-Virus report generation settings.............................................. 42
CHAPTER 6. ADMINISTERING THE PROGRAM WITH KASPERSKY
ADMINISTRATION KIT......................................................................................... 45
6.1. Administering the application .......................................................................... 47
6.1.1. Configuring application settings................................................................ 48
6.1.1.1. Settings tab, Real-time protection: general settings section................ 49
6.1.1.2. Settings tab, Real-time protection: protection scope section............... 50
6.2. Managing tasks .............................................................................................. 50
6.2.1. Creating tasks.......................................................................................... 50
6.2.1.1. Creating local tasks............................................................................ 52
6.2.1.2. Creating group tasks.......................................................................... 54
6.2.1.3. Creating global tasks ......................................................................... 54
6.2.2. Configuring specific task settings.............................................................. 54
6.2.2.1. On-demand scan task........................................................................ 55
6.2.2.2. Anti-virus database update task......................................................... 56
6.2.3. Starting and stopping tasks ...................................................................... 56
6.3. Managing policies........................................................................................... 57
6.3.1. Creating policies....................................................................................... 57
6.3.2. Viewing and editing policy settings........................................................... 59
6.3.2.1. Configuring the protection scope........................................................ 60
6.3.2.2. Specifying object types to be protected.............................................. 61
6.3.2.3. Configuring actions applied to objects................................................ 61

Contents 5
6.3.2.4. Specifying additional parameters ....................................................... 61
CHAPTER 7. UNINSTALLING KASPERSKY ANTI-VIRUS...................................... 62
CHAPTER 8. VERIFYING THE ANTI-VIRUS OPERATION..................................... 63
APPENDIX A. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE APPLICATION............. 65
A.1. Kaspersky Anti-Virus configuration file............................................................ 65
A.2. Command line parameters for component kavscanner .................................. 73
A.3. Return codes of the kavscanner component .................................................. 76
A.4. Command line parameters for component kavmonitor................................... 77
A.5. Command line parameters for component licensemanager ........................... 77
A.6. Return codes of the licensemanager component............................................ 78
A.7. Command line parameters for component keepup2date................................ 79
A.8. Return codes of the keepup2date component................................................ 80
A.9. Command line parameters for component kavmidware.................................. 80
APPENDIX B. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS............................................... 81
APPENDIX C. KASPERSKY LAB ............................................................................ 87
C.1. Other Kaspersky Lab Products ...................................................................... 88
C.2. Contact Us..................................................................................................... 98
APPENDIX D. LICENSE AGREEMENT................................................................... 99

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
The constant growth in both the number of computer users, and the volume of e-
mail and internet traffic, increases the threat of virus infections and data
corruption or theft by malicious computer programs (malware).
The most dangerous sources of malware are:
Internet
The global information network is the main conduit for all types of mal-
ware. As a rule, viruses and other malicious programs are located on
popular internet websites, disguised as useful software or freeware.
Malware can also be located within scripts that automatically run when a
website is loaded in the user‟s browser.
E-mail messages
E-mail messages delivered to the user‟s mailbox and stored in e-mail
databases may contain viruses. Malware can be located either in the
message body, or as a message attachment. Commonly, infected e-mail
messages contain viruses or mail worms. When you open an e-mail
message or save an attached file to your hard drive, you may infect data
stored in your computer.
Software vulnerabilities
In most cases hackers‟ attacks are attempted using "software holes".
Such vulnerabilities allow hackers to obtain remote access to your com-
puter and, therefore, to your data, your LAN resources and other
sources of information.
Viruses targeting Unix-based systems are far less common than those aimed at
the Windows Operating System, due to the peculiarities of the two platforms.
However, the threat to Unix users is not negligible. Provided below is a detailed
description of malware types.
1.1. Computer viruses and malware
In order to be aware of potential threats to your computer, it is helpful to know
about the types of malicious software (“malware”) and how they work. In general,
malicious programs fall into one of three categories:
Worms –malicious programs which spread themselves using network
resources. These programs are called "worms" due to their ability to tun-

Introduction 7
nel from one computer to another, using networks, e-mail and other
channels. This ability allows worms to proliferate extremely quickly.
Worms propagate by penetrating a computer, determining the IP ad-
dresses of other nearby computers, and send copies of themselves to
these computers. Apart from network addresses, worms often use data
contained in the address books of e-mail client applications installed on
the infected machine. Sometimes worms create work files on disks, but
they also can function without utilizing any resources of the infected
computer other than RAM.
Viruses –programs that infect other programs by adding their code to the
infected program's code, to gain control when the infected files are run.
This simple definition helps determine that the major action of a virus is
infecting computer programs. Viruses spread somewhat slower than
worms.
Trojan horses or Trojans –perform unauthorized actions on infected
computers. For instance, depending on the particular conditions, they can
erase information on hard drives, "freeze" the system, or steal confidential
information. In the strict sense, Trojan Horses are not viruses since they
do not infect programs or data; they are unable to sneak independently in-
to computers and are often distributed disguised as some "useful" soft-
ware. However, Trojans may inflict far greater damages than a regular vi-
rus attack.
Recently, worms and Trojans have become the most widespread type of
malware in the Unix-based systems.
Henceforth in the text of this Guide the term "virus" will be used to refer
to viruses, Trojan Horses and worms. A particular type of malware will
be mentioned only when it is required.
1.2. Purpose and major functionality
of Kaspersky Anti-Virus
Kaspersky Anti-virus®for Linux Workstation (hereinafter referred to as
Kaspersky Anti-Virus, or the application)protects workstations running Linux
operating systems.
Kaspersky Anti-Virus for Linux allows the user to:
Ensure real-time protection of the file system against malicious code: in-
tercept and analyze attempts to access files, and disinfect or delete in-
fected objects.

8 Kaspersky Anti-Virus 5.7 for Linux Workstation
Scan objects on demand: search infected and suspicious files (including
files within specified scan scopes); analyze files, and disinfect or delete
infected objects.
Quarantine suspicious and corrupted objects: save suspicious files in the
quarantine directory.
Create a copy of the infected object in the backup storage directory be-
fore attempting to disinfect or deleting the object, allowing a future resto-
ration of the object if it contains valuable information.
Update the anti-virus database; the database is updated from Kaspersky
Lab's updates servers. The user can also configure the application so that
the database is updated from a local directory.
Control and configure Kaspersky Anti-Virus using the application configu-
ration file, the web-based interface of Webmin or the Kaspersky Adminis-
tration Kit.
1.3. What's new in version 5.7?
The following features are new in Kaspersky Anti-Virus 5.7 for Linux
Workstation as compared to version 5.5:
Support for Kaspersky Anti-Virus configuration and management using
Kaspersky Administration Kit has been implemented.
1.4. Licensing procedure
Kaspersky Anti-Virus licensing policy imposes restrictions on the use of the
application based on the usage period (as a rule, a one-year period since the
date when the application was purchased).
1.5. Hardware and software system
requirements
To run Kaspersky Anti-Virus, the system must comply with the following software
and hardware requirements:
Hardware requirements:
Processor Intel Pentium®133 MHz or higher.
64 MB RAM.

Introduction 9
100 MB free hard drive space for installation of the application
and storage of temporary files.
Software requirements:
One of the following operating systems for 32-bit platforms:
oRed Hat Enterprise Linux 5.2 Desktop;
oFedora 9;
oSUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 10 SP2;
oopenSUSE Linux 11;
oDebian GNU/Linux 4 R4;
oMandriva Corporate Desktop 4;
oUbuntu 8.04.1 Desktop Edition;
oLinux XP Enterprise Desktop 2008;
One of the following operating systems for 64-bit platforms:
oRed Hat Enterprise Linux 5.2 Desktop;
oFedora 9;
oSUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 10 SP2;
oopenSUSE Linux 11.
Webmin program (www.webmin.com) –for remote administration of Kas-
persky Anti-Virus.
Perl interpreter - version 5.0 or higher (www.perl.org).
The which utility must be installed.
Software compilation packages must be installed (gcc, binutils,
glibc-devel, make, ld) and preinstalled operating system kernel
source code for compiling the kavmonitor component.
Please note that Kaspersky Anti-Virus does not support systems run-
ning SELinux. Use of SELinux may result in various warnings in the
system log file generated by the application.

10 Kaspersky Anti-Virus 5.7 for Linux Workstation
1.6. Distribution kit
You can purchase Kaspersky Anti-Virus online (for example, visit
http://www.kaspersky.com and follow the E-Store link).
If you buy Kaspersky Anti-Virus online, you will download the application from
Kaspersky Lab's website; in this case, the distribution kit will include this Guide
along with the application. The license key will be e-mailed to you upon receipt of
your payment.
1.6.1. License Agreement
The License Agreement is a legal contract between you and Kaspersky Lab Ltd.,
which contains the terms and conditions under which you may use the anti-virus
product you have purchased.
Read the License Agreement carefully!
If you do not agree with the terms of the License Agreement, you can return
Kaspersky Anti-Virus to your dealer for a full refund.
1.6.2. Services for registered users
Kaspersky Lab Ltd. offers all legally registered users an extensive service
package that enables them to use Kaspersky Anti-Virus more efficiently.
After purchasing your license, you become a registered user and, during the
period of your subscription, you will receive the following services:
new versions of the purchased software product;
support on issues related to the installation, configuration and use of the
purchased software product. Services will be provided by phone or via e-
mail;
information about new Kaspersky Lab products and about new viruses
appearing worldwide (this service is provided to users who subscribe to
Kaspersky Lab's newsletter).
Support on issues related to the performance and the use of operating
systems or other technologies is not provided.

Introduction 11
1.7. Conventions used in this
document
Various formatting features and icons are used throughout this document,
depending on the purpose and the meaning of the text. The table below lists the
conventions used in the text.
Format feature
Meaning/Usage
Bold font
Titles of menus, menu items, windows,
dialog boxes and their elements, etc.
Note.
Additional information, notes
Attention!
Information requiring special attention
In order to perform...,
1. Step 1.
2. …
Description of the user's steps and
possible actions
Task, example
Statement of a problem, example of the
demonstration of the application's
capabilities
Solution
Implementation of the task
[modifier] –purpose of the modifier
Command line modifiers
Information messages and command
line text
Text of configuration files, information
messages and command line

CHAPTER 2. HOW IT WORKS
To understand how Kaspersky Anti-Virus works, it is useful to know that it
comprises a number of application modules, each with a specific function in
providing anti-virus protection for your computer.
Kaspersky Anti-Virus includes:
On-demand anti-virus scan component kavscanner;
Real-time anti-virus scan component kavmonitor;
Anti-virus database update module keepup2date,
License key management utility licensemanager;
Remote administration utility for integration with Kaspersky Administration
Kit kavmidware,
Remote administration module used with Webmin application.
There follows a detailed discussion of the application‟s algorithm, based on an
example of real-time protection (that is, using the kavmonitor component).
The component operates as follows:
1. When any application on your computer attempts to access a file
system object, whether to open, run or close the file, the call is
intercepted by kavmonitor‟s kernel module, and the file is sent for anti-
virus scanning.
The ability to intercept the operations of closing a file is not sup-
ported:
in 32-bit operating systems: from kernel versions
2.6.21 and above;
in 64-bit operating system: from kernel versions 2.6.18
and above.
2. The intercepted file is processed using a daemon application included in
the kavmonitor component. The daemon scans the object for viruses
and processes, based on settings specified in the configuration file. The
treatment includes, but is not limited to, disinfection using the anti-virus
database if this option is selected.
3. After the file has been processed, kavmonitor sends to the kernel
module the access code (allowed/prohibited) that defines the file status.

How it works 13
4. Based on the object's status, the kavmonitor component either allows or
blocks access to the file. If access is blocked, the application requesting
access to the file will receive an error code indicating that access has
been denied.
The file status assigned during scanning and processing can be one of the
following:
Clean –the object is not infected.
Infected –the object is infected.
Cured –infected object has been successfully disinfected.
CureFailed –the infected object could not be disinfected.
Warning –object code resembles the code of a known virus.
Suspicion –the object is suspected of being infected with an unknown vi-
rus.
Protected –the object cannot be scanned because it is encrypted.
Corrupted–the object is corrupted.
Error –a system error occurred during the object scan.
The actions performed on the object in response to each status are defined by
the configuration file settings (details see Appendix A on p. 65).

CHAPTER 3. INSTALLING
KASPERSKY ANTI-VIRUS
We recommend that you perform this system check before installing Kaspersky
Anti-Virus:
Make sure that your system meets the hardware and software require-
ments for Kaspersky Anti-Virus (see 1.5 on p. 8).
Configure your internet connection.
Log in as root.
3.1. Installing the application on a
computer running Linux
Kaspersky Anti-Virus for computers running Linux OS is available in the following
format:
.rpm –for systems that support RPM Package Manager
.deb –for Debian-based OS distributions.
To start the installation of Kaspersky Anti-Virus from a .rpm package,
type the following at the command line:
# rpm –i <distribution_package_filename>
To start the installation of Kaspersky Anti-Virus from a .deb package,
type the following at the command line:
# dpkg –i <distribution_package_filename>
3.2. Installation procedure
The installation consists of two parts. The first part includes the following steps:
1. Creation of the kluser user and klusers group.
2. Unpacking of the files from distribution package to target computer.

Installing Kaspersky Anti-Virus 15
3. Registration of required services depending upon the host system.
4. Setting up default parameters in configuration files of the product compo-
nents.
3.3. Post-install configuration
Post-install configuration is the second part of Kaspersky Anti-Virus setup. To
initiate product configuration, use the postinstall.pl script located in the
/opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/lib/bin/setup directory.
During installation to a computer running Debian the post-install confi-
guration script will be launched automatically.
After script start, you will be offered to perform the following steps:
1. Specify the path to your license key file.
2. Configure the parameters of the proxy server used for connection to the
Internet in the following format:
http://<IP of the proxy server>:<port>
or
http://<user_name>:<password>@<IP of the proxy serv-
er>
:<port>,
depending upon authorization necessity for the proxy. The updating
component of the application (keepup2date) uses the value for connec-
tion to the servers of Kaspersky Lab and downloading updates to the an-
ti-virus databases.
If you do not use a proxy for connection to the Internet, set the parame-
ter to no.
3. Download the anti-virus databases from the servers of Kaspersky Lab.
Enter yes or no depending upon your wish to perform the update imme-
diately.
4. Configure interaction with Webmin.
5. Start compilation of the kavmonitor module. During the stage your com-
puter will compile the libraries required for kavmonitor operation. If the
kernel source code is not located in the default directory, enter the follow-
ing in the command line to compile the kavmonitor component:
# /opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/src/kavmon.pl –b [PATH]

16 Kaspersky Anti-Virus ® 5.7 for Linux Workstation
where [PATH] stands for the path to the kernel source code.
3.4. Installing Network Agent
If you plan to manage the application remotely using Kaspersky Administration
Kit, the Network Agent has to be installed.
To initiate Network Agent installation from its .rpm package, enter the
following in the command line:
# rpm –i <distribution_package_filename>
To initiate Network Agent installation from its .deb package, enter the
following in the command line:
# dpkg –i <distribution_package_filename>
3.5. Configuring Network Agent
After installation, the Network Agent has to be configured for its proper
interaction with Kaspersky Administration Kit. To start configuration, run the
postinstall.pl script located in the /opt/kaspersky/klnagent/lib/bin/setup directory.
During Network Agent installation to a computer running Debian the
post-install configuration script will be launched automatically.
After script start, you will be offered to perform the following steps:
1. Specify the DNS name or IP address of your Administration Server.
2. Specify the port number for the Administration Server.
3. Specify the SSL port number of the Administration Server.
4. Define whether the SSL connection should be used for data transfer.
5. Specify the default administration group name.

Installing Kaspersky Anti-Virus 17
3.6. Updating the application to
version 5.7
The upgrading procedure works correctly for version 5.5-27.
The kavmonitor service has to be stopped before upgrading. To do that, enter
the following in the command line:
# /etc/init.d/kav4ws stop
To initiate Kaspersky Anti-Virus upgrade from its .rpm package, enter
the following in the command line:
# rpm –U <distribution_package_filename>
To initiate Kaspersky Anti-Virus upgrade from its .deb package, enter
the following in the command line:
# dpkg –i <distribution_package_filename>
Upon completion of the upgrade procedure, the configuration file of product
version 5.5 will be replaced with its counterpart for version 5.7. Add necessary
modifications to the configuration file manually.
3.7. Locating the application files
The default locations of Kaspersky Anti-Virus files on a workstation run-
ning Linux OS are as follows:
/etc/opt/kaspersky/ –directory containing the Kaspersky Anti-Virus configuration
file:
kav4ws.conf –configuration file.
/opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/ –main directory of Kaspersky Anti-Virus, containing:
/bin/ –a directory that contains executable files of all Kaspersky Anti-Virus
components:
kav4ws-kavscanner –executable file of the anti-virus protection compo-
nent;
kav4ws-keepup2date –executable file of the anti-virus database update
component;

18 Kaspersky Anti-Virus ® 5.7 for Linux Workstation
kav4ws-licensemanager –executable file of the license keys manage-
ment component.
/lib/ –directory containing auxiliary files of Kaspersky Anti-Virus.
/setup/ –directory containing the scripts required for application configu-
ration:
postinstall.pl –script for post-install product configuration.
uninstall.pl –application removal script.
setup.pl –application configuration script.
/sbin/ –directory containing auxiliary services of Kaspersky Anti-Virus:
kav4ws-kavmonitor –executable file of the anti-virus protection compo-
nent.
kav4ws-kavmidware –executable file of the remote administration com-
ponent kavmidware.
/src/ –directory containing the application's anti-virus kernel module.
/opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/share/contrib/kav4ws.wbm –plug-in to Webmin applica-
tion.
/opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/share/contrib/vox.sh –script used for disinfecting
archives.
/opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/share/doc/LICENSE –license agreement.
/opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/share/man/ –directory containing manual files.
/var/opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/bases/ –directory containing the anti-virus database.
/var/opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/bases.backup/ –directory containing the anti-virus
database that was up-to-date before the last update.
/var/opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/licenses –directory containing license information.
To connect the help system of Kaspersky Anti-Virus (manual pages),
assign the value /opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/share/man to the
MANPATH environment variable.
On a workstation running Linux OS, the default locations of Network
Agent files after Kaspersky Anti-Virus installation are as follows:
/opt/kaspersky/klnagent/ –main Network Agent directory containing:
/bin/ –directory where the executable files of Network Agent utility programs
are stored, including:
klmover –this utility manually connects the client computer to the Ad-
ministration Server (see the Kaspersky Administration Kit Refer-
ence Book for more information on using this utility).

Installing Kaspersky Anti-Virus 19
klnagchk –this utility checks the manual connection to the Administra-
tion Server (see the Kaspersky Administration Kit Reference Book
for more information on using this utility).
/lib/ –directory containing auxiliary files of the Network Agent.
/bin/setup –directory containing configuration scripts for Network Agent.
/share/man/ –directory containing manual files.
/sbin/ –directory containing the executable file of the Network Agent service.
3.8. Completing the setup
If the installation process completed correctly, a confirmation message will be
displayed on the screen. The configuration file included in the application
distribution kit contains all settings necessary to start using the application.

CHAPTER 4. USING KASPERSKY
ANTI-VIRUS
Kaspersky Anti-Virus allows you to specify the anti-virus protection system of
your computer, at the level either of individual files or of the entire file system.
The application‟s functionality can be packaged into tasks that the administrator
can perform using the application. Tasks implemented using Kaspersky Anti-
Virus can be divided into the following groups:
Updating the anti-virus database, which is used for detecting viruses and
disinfecting infected objects (see 4.1 on p. 20).
Anti-virus protection of the computer‟s file system, using scheduled and/or
on-demand scans (see 4.2 on p. 25).
Real-time anti-virus protection (see 4.3 on p. 31).
This chapter describes these typical tasks. Within the context of a specific
company‟s network, the administrator may combine these tasks and make them
more appropriate to business needs.
4.1. Updating the anti-virus database
Updating the anti-virus database is performed by the keepup2date component,
and is an integral factor in full-fledged anti-virus protection. The default source
used for updating the anti-virus database is Kaspersky Lab‟s updates servers.
The list of these servers includes:
http://downloads1.kaspersky-labs.com/
http://downloads2.kaspersky-labs.com/
ftp://downloads1.kaspersky-labs.com/, etc.
The list of URL‟s from which you can download the updates is contained in the
updcfg.xml file, included in the application‟s distribution kit. To view the list of
update servers, enter the following in the command line:
# /opt/kaspersky/kav4ws/bin/kav4ws-keepup2date -s
During the update process, the keepup2date component selects the first address
from this list and attempts to download the anti-virus database from the server.
The current computer location (as the two-lettered code of the country according
to the ISO 3166-1 standard) can be specified via the RegionSettings parameter