Keithley 7015-S User manual

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Contains Operating and Servicing Information
Models 7015-S and 7015-C
40-Channel Solid-State Multiplexer Cards
7015-901-01 Rev. A / 6-93
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WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year from
date of shipment.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batter-
ies, diskettes, and documentation.
During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective.
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio.You
will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility.
Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance
of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written consent, or misuse
of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leak-
age, or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN
ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRU-
MENTSAND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED INADVANCE OF THE POS-
SIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUTARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS
OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAM-
AGE TO PROPERTY.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. • 28775Aurora Road • Cleveland, OH 44139 • 440-248-0400 • Fax: [phone] • http://www.keithley.com
CHINA: Keithley Instruments China •Yuan Chen Xin Building, Room 705 • 12 Yumin Road, Dewai, Madian • Beijing 100029 • 8610-62022886 • Fax: [phone]
FRANCE: Keithley Instruments SARL • BP 60 • 3 Allée des Garays • 91122 Palaiseau Cédex • 33-1-60-11-51-55 • Fax: [phone]
GERMANY: Keithley Instruments GmbH • Landsberger Strasse 65 • D-82110 Germering, Munich • 49-89-8493070 • Fax: [phone]
GREAT BRITAIN: Keithley Instruments, Ltd. • The Minster • 58 Portman Road • Reading, Berkshire, England RG3 1EA • 44-1189-596469 • Fax: [phone]
ITALY: Keithley Instruments SRL • Viale S. Gimignano 38 • 20146 Milano • 39-2-48303008 • Fax: [phone]
NETHERLANDS: Keithley Instruments BV • Avelingen West 49 • 4202 MS Gorinchem • 31-(0)183-635333 • Fax: [phone]
SWITZERLAND: Keithley Instruments SA • Kriesbachstrasse 4 • 8600 Dübendorf • 41-1-8219444 • Fax: [phone]
TAIWAN: Keithley Instruments Taiwan • 1FL., 85 Po Ai Street • Hsinchu, Taiwan • 886-3-572-9077 • Fax: [phone]
1/99
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Models 7015-S and 7015-C Instruction Manual
©1993, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
Cleveland, Ohio, U. S. A.
First Printing June 1993
Document Number: 7015-901-01 Rev. A
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Manual Print History
The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual. The
Revision Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent updates. Addenda, which are
released between Revisions, contain important change information that the user should incorporate immediately
into the manual. Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a new Revision is created, all Addenda associated
with the previous Revision of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new Revi-
sion includes a revised copy of this print history page.
Revision A (Document Number 7015-901-01) ...................................................................................June 1993
All Keithley product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
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Safety Precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using
this product and any associated instrumentation.Although some in-
struments and accessories would normally be used with non-haz-
ardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions
may be present.
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recog-
nize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions re-
quired to avoid possible injury. Read the operating information
carefully before using the product.
The types of product users are:
Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use
and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is
operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for en-
suring that operators are adequately trained.
Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be
trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instru-
ment. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with
hazardous live circuits.
Maintenancepersonnel perform routine procedures on the product
to keep it operating, for example, setting the line voltage or replac-
ing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in
the manual. The procedures explicitly state if the operator may per-
form them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service
personnel.
Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, and perform
safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly trained ser-
vice personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal
voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures.The
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock
hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V
peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect
that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before
measuring.
Users of this product must be protected from electric shock at all
times. The responsible body must ensure that users are prevented
access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases,
connections must be exposed to potential human contact. Product
users in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves
from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of operating
at or above 1000 volts, no conductive part of the circuit may be
exposed.
As described in the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) Standard IEC 664, digital multimeter measuring circuits
(e.g., Keithley Models 175A, 199, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2010) are
Installation Category II. All other instruments’signal terminals are
Installation Category I and must not be connected to mains.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits.
They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources.
NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When con-
necting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to lim-
it fault current and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connect-
ed to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting
cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks
before each use.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any
other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test.
ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge
any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jump-
ers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal
changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the
common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground.
Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a
dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being
measured.
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The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its
specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the equip-
ment may be impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and ac-
cessories, as defined in the specifications and operating informa-
tion, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or
switching card.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating
for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for
measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is ap-
plied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a
lid interlock.
If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the
wire recommended in the user documentation.
The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should re-
fer to the operating instructions located in the manual.
The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or mea-
sure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of normal
and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to
avoid personal contact with these voltages.
The WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might
result in personal injury or death.Always read the associated infor-
mation very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading in a manual explains hazards that could
damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and
all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement
components in mains circuits, including the power transformer, test
leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instru-
ments. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety approvals,
may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components
that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as
long as they are equivalent to the original component. (Note that se-
lected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments
to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are
unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a
Keithley Instruments office for information.
To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based
cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply
cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill
on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no
case or chassis (e.g., data acquisition board for installation into a
computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to in-
structions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is af-
fected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper
cleaning/servicing.
!
Rev. 2/99
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Model 7015-C, 7015-S
40-Channel Solid State Multiplexer Cards
MULTIPLEX CONFIGURATION: Four independent 1×10 2-pole
multiplex banks or two independent 1×10 4-pole multiplex banks.
Adjacent banks can be connected together. Jumpers can be removed to
isolate any bank from the backplane.
CONTACT CONFIGURATION: 2-pole Form A (Hi, Lo).
CONNECTOR TYPE:
7015-C: 96-pin male DIN connector.
7015-S: Screw terminal, #16AWG maximum wire size, with .092 inch
O.D. 28 conductors per card maximum. #22AWG typical wire size
with .062 inch O.D. 88 conductors per card maximum.
MAXIMUM SIGNAL LEVEL: 175V peak between any two pins, 34mA
resistive load, 0.3VA max., 1 ×106V•Hz max.
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE: 175V peak, any pin to chassis.
CONTACT TYPE: Solid state switch.
CHANNEL RESISTANCE (per conductor): < 210Ω.
CONTACT POTENTIAL:
7015-C:<5µV per channel contact pair.
7015-S: <4µV per channel contact pair.
OFFSET CURRENT: < 1nA.
ACTUATION TIME: <500µs.
ISOLATION:
Bank: >109Ω, <25 pF.
Channel to Channel: >109Ω, <50 pF.
Differential: Configured as 1×10: >109Ω, <100pF.
Configured as 1×40: >109Ω, <200pF.
Common Mode: Configured as 1×10: >109Ω, <375pF.
Configured as 1×40: >109Ω, <1100pF.
INSERTION LOSS (50ΩSource, 1MΩLoad): <0.1dB below 250kHz,
<3dB below 500kHz.
ENVIRONMENT: Operating: 0°to 50°C, up to 35°C at 80% RH.
Storage: –25°C to 65°C.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
Bank A
Channel 1
Channels 2-9
Channel 10
Channel 1
Channels 2-9
Channel 10
H I
LO
H I
H I
H I
H I
H I
H I
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
LO
Banks B-C
Bank D
Output
Output
Backplane
Backplane
J
J
J
J
J
J
JJ
H I
LO
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Table of Contents
1 General Information
1.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Features................................................................................................................................................................1-1
1.3 Warranty information...........................................................................................................................................1-1
1.4 Manual addenda...................................................................................................................................................1-2
1.5 Safety symbols and terms ....................................................................................................................................1-2
1.6 Specifications.......................................................................................................................................................1-2
1.7 Unpacking and inspection....................................................................................................................................1-2
1.7.1 Inspection for damage..................................................................................................................................1-2
1.7.2 Shipment contents........................................................................................................................................1-2
1.7.3 Instruction manual........................................................................................................................................1-2
1.7.4 Repacking for shipment ...............................................................................................................................1-3
1.8 Optional accessories.............................................................................................................................................1-3
2 Mutliplexing Basics
2.1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................2-1
2.2 Basic multiplexer configurations .........................................................................................................................2-1
2.2.1 Multiplexer bank-to-bank jumpers...............................................................................................................2-2
2.2.2 Backplane jumpers.......................................................................................................................................2-5
2.3 Typical multiplexer switching schemes...............................................................................................................2-6
2.3.1 Single-ended switching................................................................................................................................2-6
2.3.2 Differential switching ..................................................................................................................................2-6
2.3.3 Sensing.........................................................................................................................................................2-6
2.4 Multiplexer expansion..........................................................................................................................................2-8
2.4.1 Multi-card switching systems ......................................................................................................................2-8
2.4.2 Mainframe multiplexer expansion ...............................................................................................................2-9
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3 Card Connections & Installation
3.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................3-1
3.2 Handling precautions............................................................................................................................................3-1
3.3 Connections..........................................................................................................................................................3-1
3.3.1 Bank-to-bank jumpers..................................................................................................................................3-2
3.3.2 Backplane jumpers .......................................................................................................................................3-3
3.3.3 Screw terminal connector card.....................................................................................................................3-4
3.3.4 Multi-pin (mass termination) connector card...............................................................................................3-6
3.4 Typical connection schemes...............................................................................................................................3-10
3.4.1 Single card system......................................................................................................................................3-10
3.4.2 Two-card system ........................................................................................................................................3-13
3.4.3 Multiple-card systems ................................................................................................................................3-13
3.4.4 Two-mainframe system..............................................................................................................................3-13
3.5 Model 7015 installation and removal.................................................................................................................3-18
4 Operation
4.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................4-1
4.2 Maximum signal levels.........................................................................................................................................4-1
4.3 Mainframe control of multiplexer card ................................................................................................................4-1
4.3.1 Channel assignments....................................................................................................................................4-1
4.3.2 Front panel control .......................................................................................................................................4-3
4.3.3 IEEE-488 bus operation ...............................................................................................................................4-4
4.4 Multiplexer applications.......................................................................................................................................4-5
4.4.1 High-speed scanning ....................................................................................................................................4-5
4.4.2 Resistor testing .............................................................................................................................................4-7
4.4.4 Testing with matrix cards...........................................................................................................................4-10
4.4.3 Transistor current gain testing....................................................................................................................4-10
4.5 Measurement considerations ..............................................................................................................................4-12
4.5.1 Thermoelectric potentials...........................................................................................................................4-12
4.5.2 Channel resistance......................................................................................................................................4-13
4.5.3 Path isolation..............................................................................................................................................4-14
4.5.4 Magnetic fields...........................................................................................................................................4-15
4.5.5 Radio frequency interference .....................................................................................................................4-15
4.5.6 Ground loops..............................................................................................................................................4-15
4.5.7 Keeping connectors clean...........................................................................................................................4-16
4.5.8 Scanning speed considerations...................................................................................................................4-16
5 Service Information
5.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................5-1
5.2 Handling and cleaning precautions ......................................................................................................................5-1
5.3 Performance verification .....................................................................................................................................5-2
5.3.1 Environmental conditions.............................................................................................................................5-2
5.3.2 Recommended equipment............................................................................................................................5-2
5.3.3 Multiplexer card connections .......................................................................................................................5-3
5.3.4 Channel resistance tests................................................................................................................................5-3
5.3.5 Offset current tests........................................................................................................................................5-4
5.3.6 Contact potential tests...................................................................................................................................5-6
5.3.7 Bank and channel-to-channel isolation tests ................................................................................................5-7
5.3.8 Differential and common-mode isolation tests...........................................................................................5-11
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5.4 Special handling of static-sensitive devices.......................................................................................................5-13
5.5 Principles of operation .......................................................................................................................................5-13
5.5.1 Block diagram............................................................................................................................................5-13
5.5.2 ID data circuits...........................................................................................................................................5-14
5.5.3 Relay control..............................................................................................................................................5-15
5.5.4 Power-on safeguard....................................................................................................................................5-15
5.6 Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................................................5-16
5.6.1 Troubleshooting equipment .......................................................................................................................5-16
5.6.2 Troubleshooting access..............................................................................................................................5-16
5.6.3 Troubleshooting Procedure........................................................................................................................5-16
6 Replaceable Parts
6.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................................................6-1
6.2 Parts lists ..............................................................................................................................................................6-1
6.3 Ordering information ...........................................................................................................................................6-1
6.4 Factory service.....................................................................................................................................................6-1
6.5 Component layouts and schematic diagrams.......................................................................................................6-1
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List of Illustrations
2 Multiplexing Basics
Figure 2-1 Model 7015 simplified schematic .............................................................................................................. 2-2
Figure 2-2 Four 1 × 10 multiplexer configuration (jumpers not installed).................................................................. 2-3
Figure 2-3 Two 1 × 20 multiplexer configuration (jumpers installed) ........................................................................ 2-3
Figure 2-4 One 1 × 40 multiplexer configuration (jumpers installed)......................................................................... 2-4
Figure 2-5 Model 7001/7002 analog backplane .......................................................................................................... 2-5
Figure 2-6 Bank connections to backplane.................................................................................................................. 2-6
Figure 2-8 Differential switching example.................................................................................................................. 2-7
Figure 2-9 Sensing example......................................................................................................................................... 2-7
Figure 2-7 Single-ended switching example................................................................................................................ 2-7
Figure 2-10 Two separate multiplexer systems ............................................................................................................. 2-8
Figure 2-11 Multiplexer input expansion example........................................................................................................ 2-9
Figure 2-12 Mixed card type example......................................................................................................................... 2-10
3 Card Connections & Installation
Figure 3-1 Bank-to-bank jumper locations.................................................................................................................. 3-2
Figure 3-2 Bank-to-bank jumper terminal identification............................................................................................. 3-2
Figure 3-3 Bank-to-bank jumper installation............................................................................................................... 3-3
Figure 3-4 Backplane jumpers..................................................................................................................................... 3-4
Figure 3-5 Model 7015 screw terminal connector card............................................................................................... 3-4
Figure 3-6 Typical screw terminal connections........................................................................................................... 3-5
Figure 3-7 Cable clamp for screw terminal connector card......................................................................................... 3-5
Figure 3-8 Typical round cable connection techniques ............................................................................................... 3-8
Figure 3-9 Model 7011-MTR connector pinout .......................................................................................................... 3-9
Figure 3-10 Model 7011-KIT-R (with/cable) assembly ................................................................................................ 3-9
Figure 3-11 Single-card system example (multi-pin connector card).......................................................................... 3-11
Figure 3-12 Single card system example (screw terminal connector card)................................................................. 3-12
Figure 3-13 Two-card system example (multi-pin connector card) ............................................................................ 3-14
Figure 3-14 Two-card system example (screw terminal connector card).................................................................... 3-15
Figure 3-15 Two-mainframe system example (multi-pin connector card).................................................................. 3-16
Figure 3-16 Two-mainframe system example (screw terminal connector card) ......................................................... 3-17
Figure 3-17 Model 7015 card installation in Model 7001 ........................................................................................... 3-19
Figure 3-18 Model 7015 card installation in Model 7002 ........................................................................................... 3-19
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4 Operation
Figure 4-1 Channel status display ................................................................................................................................ 4-2
Figure 4-2 Display organization for multiplexer channels........................................................................................... 4-2
Figure 4-3 Model 7015 programming channel assignments........................................................................................ 4-3
Figure 4-4 High-speed scanning connections............................................................................................................... 4-6
Figure 4-5 Four-wire resistance testing........................................................................................................................ 4-8
Figure 4-6 Low-resistance testing................................................................................................................................ 4-9
Figure 4-7 Configuration for current gain test ........................................................................................................... 4-11
Figure 4-8 Connecting multiplexer and matrix cards together................................................................................... 4-12
Figure 4-9 Thermoelectric generation........................................................................................................................ 4-13
Figure 4-10 Channel resistance.................................................................................................................................... 4-13
Figure 4-11 Path isolation resistance............................................................................................................................ 4-14
Figure 4-12 Voltage attenuation by path isolation resistance ...................................................................................... 4-14
Figure 4-13 Power line ground loops........................................................................................................................... 4-15
Figure 4-14 Eliminating ground loops ......................................................................................................................... 4-16
5 Service Information
Figure 5-1 Path resistance test connections.................................................................................................................. 5-4
Figure 5-2 Differential and common mode offset current test connections................................................................. 5-5
Figure 5-3 Contact potential test connections.............................................................................................................. 5-6
Figure 5-4 Bank isolation test connections .................................................................................................................. 5-7
Figure 5-5 Channel-to-channel isolation test connections ........................................................................................... 5-9
Figure 5-6 Differential isolation test connections...................................................................................................... 5-11
Figure 5-7 Common-mode isolation test connections................................................................................................ 5-13
Figure 5-8 Model 7015 block diagram....................................................................................................................... 5-14
Figure 5-9 Start and stop sequences........................................................................................................................... 5-15
Figure 5-10 Transmit and acknowledge sequence ....................................................................................................... 5-15
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List of Tables
3 Card Connections & Installation
Table 3-2 Bank-to-bank jumpers (on connector card).................................................................................................3-2
Table 3-3 Backplane jumpers (on relay card)..............................................................................................................3-3
Table 3-6 Multipin card terminal identification ..........................................................................................................3-6
Table 3-7 Mass termination accessories......................................................................................................................3-7
4 Operation
Table 4-7 Paired Channels in 4-pole Operation ..........................................................................................................4-7
5 Service Information
Table 5-2 Verification equipment................................................................................................................................5-2
Table 5-8 Bank isolation test summary .......................................................................................................................5-8
Table 5-9 Channel-to-channel isolation test summary................................................................................................5-9
Table 5-12 Differential and common-mode isolation testing......................................................................................5-12
Table 5-16 Recommended troubleshooting equipment...............................................................................................5-16
Table 5-17 Troubleshooting procedure .......................................................................................................................5-17
vii
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1
General Information
1-1
1.1 Introduction
This section contains general information about the Model
7015 40-Channel Solid-State Multiplexer Card.
There are two basic versions of this multiplexer card; the
Model 7015-S and the Model 7015-C. The Model 7015-S as-
sembly consists of a screw terminal connector card and a re-
lay card. External test circuits are wired directly to the screw
terminals of the connector card.Also available from Keithley
is the Model 7015-ST, which is an extra screw terminal con-
nector card. With an extra connector card, you can wire a
second test system without disturbing the wiring configura-
tion of the first test system.
The Model 7015-C assembly consists of a multi-pin (mass
termination) connector card and the relay card. External test
circuit connections to the multiplexer are made via the 96-
pin male DIN connector on the connector card. Keithley of-
fers a variety of optional accessories that can be used to make
connections to the connector card (see paragraph 1.8).
The rest of Section 1 is arranged in the following manner:
1.2 Features
1.3 Warranty information
1.4 Manual addenda
1.5 Safety symbols and terms
1.6 Specifications
1.7 Unpacking and inspection
1.8 Repacking for shipment
1.9 Optional accessories
1.2 Features
The Model 7015 is a solid-state, two-pole, quad, 1 × 10 mul-
tiplexer card. Some of the key features include:
• Solid-state relays for fast switching, indefinite “con-
tact” life, and quiet operation.
• Low contact potential and offset current for minimal ef-
fects on low-level signals.
• The connector board detaches from the relay board al-
lowing easy access to the screw terminals (Model 7015-
S) and jumpers.
• Easy jumper configuration of one, two, three or four
multiplexer banks.
• Backplane jumpers. Cutting jumpers disconnects multi-
plexer bank outputs from the Model 7001 or Model
7002 analog backplane.
1.3 Warranty information
Warranty information is located on the inside front cover of
this instruction manual. Should your Model 7015 require
warranty service, contact the Keithley representative or au-
thorized repair facility in your area for further information.
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General Information
1-2
When returning the multiplexer card for repair, be sure to fill
out and include the service form at the back of this manual in
order to provide the repair facility with the necessary infor-
mation.
1.4 Manual addenda
Any improvements or changes concerning the multiplexer
card or manual will be explained in an addendum included
with the card. Addenda are provided in a page replacement
format. Simply replace the obsolete pages with the new pag-
es.
1.5 Safety symbols and terms
The following symbols and terms may be found on an instru-
ment or used in this manual.
The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user
should refer to the operating instructions located in the in-
struction manual.
The WARNING heading used in this manual explains dan-
gers that might result in personal injury or death. Always
read the associated information very carefully before per-
forming the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading used in this manual explains haz-
ards that could damage the multiplexer card. Such damage
may invalidate the warranty.
1.6 Specifications
Model 7015 specifications are found at the front of this man-
ual. These specifications are exclusive of the multiplexer
mainframe specifications.
1.7 Unpacking and inspection
1.7.1 Inspection for damage
The Model 7015 is packaged in a re-sealable, anti-static bag
to protect it from damage due to static discharge and from
contamination that could degrade its performance. Before re-
moving the card from the bag, observe the following precau-
tions on handling.
Handling Precautions:
1. Always grasp the card by the side edges and shields. Do
not touch the board surfaces or components.
2. When not installed in a Model 7001/7002 mainframe,
keep the card in the anti-static bag and store it in the orig-
inal packing carton.
After removing the card from its anti-static bag, inspect it for
any obvious signs of physical damage. Report any such dam-
age to the shipping agent immediately.
1.7.2 Shipment contents
The following items are included with every Model 7015 or-
der:
• Model 7015 Quad 1 × 10 Multiplexer Card
• Model 7015 Instruction Manual
• Additional accessories as ordered
1.7.3 Instruction manual
If an additional instruction manual is required, order the
manual package, Keithley part number 7015-901-00. The
manual package includes an instruction manual and any per-
tinent addenda.
!
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General Information
1-3
1.7.4 Repacking for shipment
Should it become necessary to return the Model 7015 for re-
pair, carefully pack the unit in its original packing carton or
the equivalent, and include the following information:
• Advise as to the warranty status of the multiplexer card.
• Write ATTENTION REPAIR DEPARTMENT on the
shipping label.
• Fill out and include the service form located at the back
of this manual.
1.8 Optional accessories
The following accessories are available for use with the
Model 7015:
Model 7015-ST  This screw terminal connector card is
identical to the one provided with the Model 7015-S assem-
bly. An extra screw terminal connector card allows you to
wire a second test system without disturbing the wiring con-
figuration of the first connector card.
Model 7011-KIT-R  This connection kit includes a 96-pin
female DIN connector that will mate directly to the connec-
tor on the Model 7015-C or to a standard 96-pin male DIN
bulkhead connector (see Model 7011-MTR). This connector
uses solder cups for connections to external circuitry. It in-
cludes an adapter for a round cable and the housing.
Model 7011-MTC-2  This 2-meter round cable assembly
is terminated with a 96-pin female DIN connector on each
end. It will mate directly to the connector on the Model
7015-C and to a standard 96-pin male DIN bulkhead connec-
tor (see Model 7011-MTR).
Model 7011-MTR  This 96-pin male DIN bulkhead con-
nector uses solder cups for connections to external circuitry.
It will mate to the Model 7011-KIT-R connector, and Model
7011-MTC-2 cable assembly.
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2
Multiplexing Basics
2-1
2.1 Introduction
This section covers the basics for multiplex switching and is
arranged as follows:
2.2 Basic multiplex configurations: Covers the basic
multiplex configurations: quad 1 × 10 configuration, dual 1
× 20 configuration and single 1 × 40 configuration. The sig-
nificance of the backplane jumpers is also covered here.
2.3 Typical multiplex switching schemes: Explains
some of the basic ways a multiplexer can be used to switch
source or measure applications. Covers single-ended switch-
ing, differential (floating) switching and sensing.
2.4 System expansion: Discusses the various configura-
tions that are possible by using multiple cards.
2.2 Basic multiplexer configurations
A simplified schematic of the Model 7015 multiplexer card
is shown in Figure 2-1. It is organized as four 1 × 10 multi-
plexer banks. Each bank has 10 inputs and one output. Two-
pole switching is provided for each multiplexer input, with
HI and LO switched. Two or more banks can be jumpered to-
gether to expand multiplexer inputs, and backplane jumpers
provide bank connections to a second card installed in a
Model 7001 or Model 7002 mainframe.
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Multiplexing Basics
2-2
2.2.1 Multiplexer bank-to-bank jumpers
Jumpers are installed on the connector card to connect mul-
tiplexer banks together to form a 1 × 40 multiplexer. Each
jumper set connects two adjacent banks together. These
jumper sets are included with the Model 7015.
The bank-to-bank jumpers allow you to configure the multi-
plexer card in a variety of ways. Typical multiplexer config-
urations include:
Figure 2-1
Model 7015 simplified schematic
110
Bank B
Bank C
Bank D
Outputs
Inputs
Switching Topology
for all Channels
(Solid State Switching)
Bank A
7015
110
110
110
HI
LO
Input (1 of 40)
HI LO
Bank
HI
LO
Jumpers
HI
LO C
D
HI
LO
HI
LO
Bank to Bank
Jumpers
Backplane Jumpers
(to 7001/7002 Analog
Backplane)
Note : Factory Configuration shown
• Four 1 × 10 multiplexers; no jumpers installed (Figure
2-2).
•Two1 × 20 multiplexers; Bank A jumpered to Bank B,
Bank C jumpered to Bank D (Figure 2-3).
• One 1 × 40 multiplexer; all bank-to-bank jumpers in-
stalled (Figure 2-4).
Other combinations are possible, including multiplexers of
various sizes (in multiples of 10 channels). For example, you
could install jumpers to configure the card as one 1 × 30 and
one 1 × 10 multiplexer.
Refer to Section 3 for information on installing bank-to-bank
jumpers.
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Multiplexing Basics
2-3
Figure 2-2
Four 1 × 10 multiplexer configuration (jumpers not installed)
Output A
1
10
22
Bank A
Inputs
2
1
10
22
Bank B 2
1
10
22
Bank C 2
1
10
22
Bank D 2
Output B
Output C
Output D
F
igure 2-3
Two 1 × 20 multiplexer configuration (jumpers installed)
Output A
1
10
22
Bank A
Inputs
2
1
10
22
Bank B 2
1
10
22
Bank C 2
1
10
22
Bank D 2
2
2
Jumpers
Jumpers
Output C
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