Keysight U7228C Service manual

Keysight U7228A/C/F USB
Pre-Amplifier
Operating and
Service Manual

2 Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual
Notices
Copyright Notice
© Keysight Technologies 2015
No part of this manual may be repro-
duced in any form or by any means
(including electronic storage and
retrieval or translation into a foreign
language) without prior agreement and
written consent from Keysight Technol-
ogies as governed by United States and
international copyright laws.
Manual Part Number
U7228-90001
Edition
Edition 1, Feb 1, 2016
Printed in:
Printed in Malaysia
Published by:
Keysight Technologies
Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone,
11900 Penang, Malaysia
Technology Licenses
The hardware and/or software
described in this document are fur-
nished under a license and may be
used or copied only in accordance with
the terms of such license.
Declaration of Conformity
Declarations of Conformity for this
product and for other Keysight prod-
ucts may be downloaded from the
Web. Go to http://www.keysight.com/
go/conformity. You can then search by
product number to find the latest Dec-
laration of Conformity.
U.S. Government Rights
The Software is “commercial computer
software,” as defined by Federal Acqui-
sition Regulation (“FAR”) 2.101. Pursu-
ant to FAR 12.212 and 27.405-3 and
Department of Defense FAR Supple-
ment (“DFARS”) 227.7202, the U.S.
government acquires commercial com-
puter software under the same terms
by which the software is customarily
provided to the public. Accordingly,
Keysight provides the Software to U.S.
government customers under its stan-
dard commercial license, which is
embodied in its End User License
Agreement (EULA), a copy of which can
be found at http://www.keysight.com/
find/sweula. The license set forth in the
EULA represents the exclusive authority
by which the U.S. government may use,
modify, distribute, or disclose the Soft-
ware. The EULA and the license set
forth therein, does not require or per-
mit, among other things, that Keysight:
(1) Furnish technical information
related to commercial computer soft-
ware or commercial computer software
documentation that is not customarily
provided to the public; or (2) Relinquish
to, or otherwise provide, the govern-
ment rights in excess of these rights
customarily provided to the public to
use, modify, reproduce, release, per-
form, display, or disclose commercial
computer software or commercial com-
puter software documentation. No
additional government requirements
beyond those set forth in the EULA
shall apply, except to the extent that
those terms, rights, or licenses are
explicitly required from all providers of
commercial computer software pursu-
ant to the FAR and the DFARS and are
set forth specifically in writing else-
where in the EULA. Keysight shall be
under no obligation to update, revise or
otherwise modify the Software. With
respect to any technical data as
defined by FAR 2.101, pursuant to FAR
12.211 and 27.404.2 and DFARS
227.7102, the U.S. government
acquires no greater than Limited Rights
as defined in FAR 27.401 or DFAR
227.7103-5 (c), as applicable in any
technical data.
Warranty
THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS
DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS,”
AND IS SUBJECT TO BEING
CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN
FUTURE EDITIONS. FURTHER, TO THE
MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW, KEYSIGHT DIS-
CLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD
TO THIS MANUAL AND ANY INFORMA-
TION CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUD-
ING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. KEYSIGHT
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS
OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSE-
QUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION
WITH THE FURNISHING, USE, OR
PERFORMANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT
OR OF ANY INFORMATION CON-
TAINED HEREIN. SHOULD KEYSIGHT
AND THE USER HAVE A SEPARATE
WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH WAR-
RANTY TERMS COVERING THE MATE-
RIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT
CONFLICT WITH THESE TERMS, THE
WARRANTY TERMS IN THE SEPARATE
AGREEMENT SHALL CONTROL.
Safety Information
CAUTION
A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It
calls attention to an operating proce-
dure, practice, or the like that, if not
correctly performed or adhered to,
could result in damage to the product
or loss of important data. Do not pro-
ceed beyond a CAUTION notice until
the indicated conditions are fully
understood and met.
WARNING
A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It
calls attention to an operating proce-
dure, practice, or the like that, if not
correctly performed or adhered to,
could result in personal injury or death.
Do not proceed beyond a WARNING
notice until the indicated conditions are
fully understood and met.

Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual 3
Compliance Notices and Regulatory Information
Compliance with Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
The U7228A/C/F conforms with the protection requirements of EMC Directive
2004/108/EC for Electromagnetic Compatibility.
The U7228A/C/F complies to the EMC Directive by assessment according to the
IEC/EN61326-1 EMC standard.
In order to preserve the EMC performance of the U7228A/C/F, any cable which
becomes worn or damaged must be replaced with the same type and
specifications.
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive 2002/96/
EC
This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking
requirement. This affixed product label indicates that you must not discard this
electrical or electronic product in domestic household waste.
Product category:
With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1, this
instrument is classified as a “Monitoring and Control Instrument” product.
The affixed product label is as shown below.
Do not dispose in domestic household waste.
To return this unwanted instrument, contact your nearest Keysight Service Center,
or visit http://about.keysight.com/en/companyinfo/environment/takeback.shtml
for more information.

4 Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual
Regulatory markings
Sales and Technical Support
To contact Keysight for sales and technical support, refer to the support links on
the following Keysight websites:
–www.keysight.com/find/amplifiers
(product-specific information and documentation updates)
–www.keysight.com/find/assist
(worldwide contact information for repair and service)
The CE mark is a registered trademark of the
European Community. This CE mark shows that
the product complies with all the relevant
European Legal Directives.
ICES/NMB-001 indicates that this
ISM device complies with the
Canadian ICES-001.
Cet appareil ISM est conforme a la
norme NMB-001 du Canada.
The RCM mark is a registered trademark of the
Spectrum Management Agency of Australia. This
signifies compliance with the Australia EMC
Framework regulations under the terms of the
Radio Communication Act of 1992.
This symbol indicates the time
period during which no hazardous
or toxic substance elements are
expected to leak or deteriorate
during normal use. Forty years is
the expected useful life of the
product.
This instrument is Class A suitable for
professional use and is for use in electromagnetic
environments outside of the home.
This instrument complies with the
WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC)
marking requirement. This affixed
product label indicates that you
must not discard this electrical or
electronic product in domestic
household waste.
MSIP-REM-ATi-
WNU7227ACF

Keysight Product Model User’s Guide 5
Table of Contents
Compliance Notices and Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Compliance with Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . . .3
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive 2002/96/
EC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Regulatory markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Sales and Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1Introduction
Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Key features of the U7228A/C/F USB Pre-Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . .13
2Installation
Initial Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Verify the U7228A/C/F Shipment Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Service and Recalibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Operating and Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
ESD damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Connector care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
USB Pre-Amplifiers Covered by this Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
3 Specifications
General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Graphical performance data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Physical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Mechanical Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
4OperatingGuides
Operating Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Operator’s check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

6 Keysight Product Model User’s Guide
Service and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Keysight Product Model User’s Guide 7
List of Figures
Figure 1-1 U7228A/C/F USB Pre-Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Figure 2-1 U7228A/C/F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Figure 3-1 Keysight U7228A Gain vs Frequency (Typical) . . . . . .24
Figure 3-2 Keysight U7228A Noise Figure vs Frequency (Typical) . .
24
Figure 3-3 Keysight U7228A Input Return Loss vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Figure 3-4 Keysight U7228A Output Return Loss vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Figure 3-5 Keysight U7228A Output P1dB vs Frequency (Typical) .
25
Figure 3-6 Keysight U7228A Reverse Isolation vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Figure 3-7 Keysight U7228A Third Order Intercept (TOI) vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Figure 3-8 Keysight U7228C Gain vs Frequency (Typical) . . . . . .26
Figure 3-9 Keysight U7228C Noise Figure vs Frequency (Typical) . .
26
Figure 3-10 Keysight U7228C Input Return Loss vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Figure 3-11 Keysight U7228C Output Return Loss vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Figure 3-12 Keysight U7228C Output P1dB vs Frequency (Typical) .
27
Figure 3-13 Keysight U7228C Reverse Isolation vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Figure 3-14 Keysight U7228C Third Order Intercept (TOI) vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Figure 3-15 Keysight U7228F Gain vs Frequency (Typical) . . . . . .28
Figure 3-16 Keysight U7228F Noise Figure vs Frequency (Typical) 28
Figure 3-17 Keysight U7228F Input Return Loss vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Figure 3-18 Keysight U7228F Output Return Loss vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

8 Keysight Product Model User’s Guide
Figure 3-19 Keysight U7228F Output P1dB vs Frequency (Typical) .
29
Figure 3-20 Keysight U7228F Reverse Isolation vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 3-21 Keysight U7228F Third Order Intercept (TOI) vs Frequency
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 3-22 Mechanical dimensions of the U7228A/C . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 3-23 Mechanical dimensions of the U7228F . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Figure 4-1 Quick-check configuration for the S-parameter test . 36

Keysight Product Model User’s Guide 9
List of Tables
Table 2-1 U7228A/C contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Table 2-2 U7228F contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Table 3-1 U7228A/C/F specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Table 3-2 U7228A Pre-Amplifier Graphical Performance Data . .24
Table 3-3 U7228C Pre-Amplifier Graphical Performance Data . .26
Table 3-4 U7228F Pre-Amplifier Graphical Performance Data . .28
Table 3-5 U7228A/C/F physical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Table 3-6 U7228A/C/F environmental specifications . . . . . . . . .33
Table 4-1 S-parameter measurement parameters . . . . . . . . . . .37
Table 4-2 Noise figure measurement parameters . . . . . . . . . . . .38

10 Keysight Product Model User’s Guide
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Keysight U7228A/C/F USB Pre-Amplifier
Operating and Service Manual
11
1 Introduction
Product Overview 12
This chapter provides an overview of the Keysight U7228A/C/F USB Pre-Amplifier.

1Introduction
12 Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual
Product Overview
In many RF systems, noise figure is known as a key parameter for characterizing a
receiver and its ability to detect weak incoming signals combined with
self-generated noise. The presence of these signals is typically low level, so
adding a reliable pre-amplifier will greatly increase the sensitivity of your
measurement system.
The Keysight U7228A/C/F USB pre-amplifier is designed to increase signal
analyzer’s sensitivity for measuring low-level signals by reducing instrument noise
figure. Reduced instrument noise figure also reduces noise figure measurement
uncertainty in most cases. Powered on a USB platform, compact and portable, the
USB pre-amplifier eliminates the need for an external power supply and is ideal
for either benchtop measurements or on remote front-end applications.
When connected to the Keysight X-Series signal analyzer, the USB pre-amplifier
can automatically configure the signal analyzer to detect the specific
pre-amplifier connected. The pre-amplifier will then download the embedded
calibration data such as gain, noise figure, and S-parameters. The calibration data
provides accurate correction data and more repeatable results for each
measurement made. The combined solution of the Keysight U7228A/C/F USB
pre-amplifier and the X-Series signal analyzer delivers the most efficient test
setup, highest accuracy, and lowest measurement uncertainty for noise figure
measurement applications up to 50 GHz.
Figure 1-1 U7228A/C/F USB Pre-Amplifier

Introduction 1
Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual 13
Key features of the U7228A/C/F USB Pre-Amplifier
– Automatic gain correction value with temperature compensation and transfer
of calibration data (noise figure and S-parameters) through USB
plug-and-play features for improved noise figure measurements with Keysight
N9040B UXA and N9010/20/30A X-Series signal analyzers
– Excellent noise figure and optimized gain with X-Series signal analyzers
improve measurement accuracy and minimize uncertainty
– Provides ultra-broadband operating frequency from 10 MHz up to 50 GHz for
various applications
– Rugged and portable design for benchtop measurements or remote front-end
applications

1Introduction
14 Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual
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Keysight U7228A/C/F USB Pre-Amplifier
Operating and Service Manual
15
2 Installation
Initial Inspection 16
Verify the U7228A/C/F Shipment Contents 17
Service and Recalibration 17
Operating and Safety Precautions 18
USB Pre-Amplifiers Covered by this Guide 20
This chapter provides you important information on how to check and prepare
your instrument for operation.

2Installation
16 Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual
Initial Inspection
1Unpack and inspect the shipping container and its contents thoroughly to
ensure that nothing was damaged during shipment. If the shipping container
or cushioning material is damaged, the contents should be checked both
mechanically and electrically.
– Check for mechanical damage such as scratches or dents.
– Procedures for checking electrical performance are given under “Operator’s
check” on page 36.
2If the contents are damaged or defective, contact your nearest Keysight
Technologies Service and Support Office. Refer to “Sales and Technical
Support” on page 4 of this manual. Keysight Technologies will arrange for
repair or replacement of the damaged or defective equipment. Keep the
shipping materials for the carrier's inspection.
3If you are returning the instrument under warranty or for service, repackaging
the instrument requires original shipping containers and material or their
equivalents. Keysight Technologies can provide packaging materials identical
to the original materials. Refer to “Sales and Technical Support” on page 4 of
this manual for the Keysight Technologies nearest to you. Attach a tag
indicating the type of service required, return address, model number, and
serial number. Mark the container FRAGILE to insure careful handling. In any
correspondence, refer to the instrument by model number and serial number.

Installation 2
Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual 17
Verify the U7228A/C/F Shipment Contents
The following table lists the items that are shipped with the U7228A/C/F.
Service and Recalibration
If your U7228A/C/F USB Pre-Amplifier requires service or repair, contact the
nearest Keysight office for information on where to send it. Refer to “Sales and
Technical Support” on page 4 of this manual. The performance of the
U7228A/C/F can only be verified by specially-manufactured equipment and
calibration standard from Keysight. The recommended interval for recalibration is
12 months.
Table 2-1 U7228A/C contents
Quantity Description Part number
1 Adapter-coaxial straight male-APC-N female-APC-3.5 1250-1744
1 Certificate of Calibration 5962-0476
Table 2-2 U7228F contents
Quantity Description Part number
1 Adapter 2.4 mm female - 2.4 mm female 85056-60006
1 Certificate of Calibration 5962-0476

2Installation
18 Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual
Operating and Safety Precautions
Observe the following guidelines before connecting or operating the U7228A/C/F
USB Pre-Amplifier.
ESD damage
Protection against electrostatic discharge (ESD) is important while handling and
operating the U7228A/C/F USB Pre-Amplifier.
Static electricity can build up on your body and can easily damage sensitive
components when discharged.
Static discharges too small to be felt can cause permanent damage to the unit.
To prevent damage from ESD:
–Use a grounded antistatic mat in front of your test equipment and wear a
grounded wrist strap attached to it when handling or operating the
U7228A/C/F.
–Wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor.
–Ground yourself before you clean, inspect, or make a connection to the
U7228A/C/F. You can, for example, grasp the grounded outer shell of the
analyzer test port or cable connector briefly.
–Avoid touching the exposed connector pins.

Installation 2
Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual 19
Connector care
Because connectors can become defective due to wear during normal use, all
connectors should be inspected and maintained to maximize their service life.
– Inspect the mating surface each time a connection is made. Metal particles
from connectors' threads often find their way onto the mating surface when a
connection is made or disconnected.
– Clean dirt and contamination from the connector mating surface and threads.
This simple step can extend the service life of the connector and improve the
quality of your calibration and measurements.
– Gage connectors periodically. This not only provides assurance of proper
mechanical tolerances, and thus connector performance, but can also indicate
situations where the potential for damage to another connector may exist.
CAUTION
The U7228A/C/F can be damaged if excessive torque is applied to the
connectors.
The recommended torque value is 8 lb-in for 2.4 mm and 3.5 mm type
connectors.
For the input and output ports, the recommended torque wrench is 20 mm
with part number 8710-1764.

2Installation
20 Keysight U7228A/C/F Operating and Service Manual
USB Pre-Amplifiers Covered by this Guide
There are three models available as follows:
– U7228A: USB Pre-Amplifier, 10 MHz to 4 GHz, Cable-less
– U7228C: USB Pre-Amplifier, 100 MHz to 26.5 GHz, Cable-less
– U7228F: USB Pre-Amplifier, 2 GHz to 50 GHz, Cable-less
Figure 2-1 U7228A/C/F
Indication light description
Ready When the USB Pre-Amplifier is connected with the X-Series signal
analyzer.
Busy When communication between the USB Pre-Amplifier and the
X-Series signal analyzer is in progress.
Error
– When there is a connection error or a data download error. The
X-Series signal analyzer is unable to communicate with the USB
Pre-Amplifier.
– When there is an input power overload at the X-Series signal
analyzer.
Output
Input
USB connector