Kingfisher KI 7010B Series Operating manual

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE GUIDE
KI 7010BSeries
Automated Variable Optical Attenuator

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
IN ACCORDANCE WITH ISO/IEC 17050:2004
Manufacturer’s Name: Kingfisher International Pty. Ltd.
Manufacturer’s Address: 720 Springvale Road, Mulgrave, Victoria 3170, Australia
hereby declares, that the products listed below
Product Name: Automated Variable Optical Attenuator
Model Number: KI 7000 Series
Product Options: This declaration covers all options of the above product(s)
comply with the essential requirements of the applicable European Directives:
•Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC and the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC, amended by 93/68/EEC, and carries the CE marking accordingly
•Directive 2002/95/EC on restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS)
•Directive 2002/96/EC on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). The instrument can be disposed of local retail shop with
WEEE collection point.
and conform to the following standards and specifications:
MIL-PRF-28800F: 1996 Performance specification -Test equipment for use with electrical and electronic equipment, general specification
IEC 60529: 2001/ EN 60529:1993+A1:2003 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures
EMC Limit
IEC 61326:2002 / EN 61326-1:1997+A1:1998+A2:2001+A3:2003
IEC CISPR 11: 2004/ EN 55011:1998+A1:1999 Limits applicable to Group 1 Class B equipment
IEC CISPR 16-1:1999 Limits applicable to Class B equipment
IEC CISPR 16-2:1999 Limits applicable to Class B equipment
IEC 61000-3-2: 2005/EN 61000-3-2:2006
IEN 61000-3-3:2002/EN 61000-3-3:1995
IEC 61000-4-2:2001 / EN 61000-4-2:1995+A1:1998+A2:2001 4kV CD, 8kV AD
IEC 61000-4-3:2002/ EN 61000-4-3:2002 3V/m, 80-1000MHz
IEC 61000-4-4:2004/EN 61000-4-4:2004 1kV signal lines, 2kV power lines
IEC 61000-4-5:2005/EN 61000-4-5:2006 1kV line-line, 2kV line-ground
IEC 61000-4-6:2004/EN 61000-4-6:1996+A1:2001 3V, 0.15-80 MHz
IEC 61000-4-11:2004/EN 61000-4-11:2004 0.5 cycle/100%/each polarity
ICES-001: 2006 (Canada)
CFR 47 FCC Part 15, Subpart B (Exempted devices) (USA)
Supplemental Information:
The product was tested in a typical configuration with Kingfisher International test systems.
30 Aug 2016
Date
Bruce Robertson
Name
Director
Title
For further information, please contact your local Kingfisher International sales office, agent or distributor.
Revision: G Issue Date: 30 August 2016

KI 7010B UM-11
1
OPERATION MANUAL
KI7000B SERIES
AUTOMATED VARIABLE OPTICAL
ATTENUATOR
Congratulations on your purchase of this instrument, which has been
engineered to provide the best possible reliability, convenience and
performance. To get the best use from your equipment and ensure its
safe operation, please spend a few minutes to read this manual.
Made in Australia. International Patents Granted
© Copyright Kingfisher International Pty Ltd
11th Edition, November 2019

KI 7010B UM-11
2
CONTENTS
Service and Support 4
Introduction and Applications 5
General Safety Summary 6
Battery and External Power Operation 8
Optical Connector 9
Getting Started and Turning On 10
Simple Operation-Manual and Step Modes 11
Absolute/Relative Display Mode 12
Program Mode (for FW versions 10.05 & earlier only) 13
PC Interface and External Software 14
Care of your Instrument 15
Accuracy Considerations 16
Definition of Terms 17
Specifications 18
Ordering Information 19
Maintenance 20
Performance Verification Test 21
Quick Reference Guide 28
Disclaimer & Warranty 30
User Notes 31
Appendix - Remote Control Commands 34
PLEASE REFER TO THE CONTROL PANEL PICTURE IN THE QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE SECTION OF THIS MANUAL

KI 7010B UM-11
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KI7000B SERIES AUTOMATED VARIABLE OPTICAL ATTENUATOR

KI 7010B-UM-11
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SERVICE AND SUPPORT
Applications Support
Please visit www.kingfisherfiber.com to see our comprehensive
Application Notes written to support instrument users.
Look at www.kingfisherfiber.com to find distributor details from the
Contact Us section.
Our local agents are able to offer excellent applications advice in your
language and time zone.
Please visit our website on www.kingfisherfiber.com for a current list
of regional service centres.
Otherwise if you are having difficulties, please feel free to contact
[email protected] for applications support.
Instrument Service
Qualified personnel must perform adjustment, maintenance or repair
of this product. To obtain service, please contact your local Kingfisher
International distributor or our office in Australia:
If returning equipment to Kingfisher International for service or
calibration, please download and complete the Return Material
Authorization Form located on the Support page on our web site.
To avoid delays and minimise disruption for our customers, Kingfisher
International offers a fixed price repair service.
For the staff at our fully equipped service and calibration centre, it is their
pleasure to keep your equipment performing at its very best.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

KI 7010B-UM-11
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INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS
The KI7000B Series Automated Variable Optical Attenuator provides
optimum performance for testing fiber optic transmission systems, sub
systems and components by creating accurate variable optical losses.
Compact and simple to operate, this is the ideal equipment for field or
laboratory use by installers, technicians and engineers. Calibration is
ISO 17025 traceable.
Typical applications:
•Measurements, where traceability and full documentation is
required
•Transmission equipment commissioning
•Precision linearity testing of sub systems and components
•Automated production and laboratory testing
•Quality assurance and acceptance testing
The single mode version is calibrated at 1310 and 1550 nm over the
range of 2 ~ 60.00 dB, the multimode version at 850 & 1300 nm over
the range of 3.00 ~ 60.00 dB, and the POF version at 650 nm over the
range of 5 ~ 60 dB.
The instrument features exceptional wavelength flatness, excellent
PDL, ORL and PMD performance, making it ideal for use in CWDM
/DWDM systems.
Accuracy and linearity are obtained during manufacturing by
calibrating every incremental 0.05 dB setting of the attenuator at each
wavelength. Attenuation achieved by movement of a neutral density
filter positioned in the optical path; it remains unchanged when the
instrument is turned off. Optimal design of the optical path enables low
back reflection.
A convenient menu-driven interface guides the user through
operational sequences with hidden keypad access of advanced
functions.
Instrument features various display modes, including actual, relative
and arbitrary attenuation. Available operational modes include simple
manual, step, multiple user settable program modes (for FW versions
17.05 & earlier only) and remote control via PC. Software for external
control can be downloaded from our website.
The design of the instrument includes shock absorbing corners for
drop protection and tough polycarbonate housing. The latest materials
and methods have been used to produce an elegant, yet rugged
instrument.
The interchangeable optical connectors are protected by a snap on
cover and are easily disassembled for cleaning. A wide variety of
connector styles are available as an option.
The battery life varies from 200 to 600 hours, depending on motor
activity. Alternatively, instrument can be used with optional external
power supply OPT103B.

KI 7010B-UM-11
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GENERAL SAFETY SUMMARY
The following safety signs and symbols specify general safety
precautions which must be observed during all phases of operation,
service and repair of this instrument. Failure to comply with these
precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates
safety standards of design, manufacture and intended use of the
instrument. Kingfisher International assumes no liability for the
customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
Before operation, review the instrument and user manual for safety
instructions. You must follow these to ensure safe operation and to
maintain the instrument in safe condition.
WARNING!
The WARNING! sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a
procedure, practice or the like, which, if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in injury. Do not proceed beyond a
WARNING! sign until the indicated safety conditions are fully
understood and met.
CAUTION!
The CAUTION! sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of part, or all, of
the product. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION! sign until the
indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
Safety Symbols
The apparatus will be marked with this symbol when it is necessary for
the user to refer to the instruction manual in order to protect the
apparatus against damage.
Initial Inspection
Inspect the shipping container for damage. If there is damage to the
container or cushioning, keep them until you have checked the
contents of the shipment for completeness and verified the instrument
both mechanically and electrically. If the contents are incomplete,
mechanical damage or defect is apparent, or if an instrument does not
pass the operator’s checks, notify the nearest Sales/Service Office.
Do not perform electrical tests when there are signs of shipping
damage to any portion of the outer enclosure (covers, panels, and so
on).
To check instrument performance, please refer to Performance
Verification Tests section of this manual.
WARNING! You must return instruments with malfunctions to a
Service Centre for repair and calibration.
!

KI 7010B-UM-11
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GENERAL SAFETY SUMMARY
Operating Environment
The KI7000B series Automated Variable Optical Attenuator can be
operated at temperatures between -15 °C and +55 °C and at relative
humidity of less than 95 %.
Storage & Shipment
The KI7000B series Automated Variable Optical Attenuator can be
stored and shipped at temperatures between - 25 °C and + 70 °C and
at relative humidity of less than 95 %. Protect the unit from
temperature extremes that may cause condensation within it.
Safety
This instrument contains no hazardous optical or electrical items.
When using this equipment, optical safety precautions should be
observed.
Line Power Requirements
The KI7010B Automated Variable Optical Attenuator operates at line
power, when applied to the optional external power supply OPT103B.

KI 7010B-UM-11
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BATTERY AND EXTERNAL POWER OPERATION
Battery Operation:
The instrument is powered by two 1.5V alkaline ‘C’ size batteries
equivalent to 300 hours continuous operation.
About 30 % capacity is obtained when using two 1.5V alkaline ‘AA’
batteries and supplied adaptors, or 50 % capacity when using two 1.2V
rechargeable NiMH ‘C’ size batteries.
When the batteries are low, this will be indicated on the display with a
battery symbol. At this stage, there is approximately enough energy
for another 30 minutes of use.
To save energy, the instrument automatically turns off after 10 minutes
without operation.
To change the batteries, open the cover of the battery compartment at
the base of the instrument, remove the batteries and insert new ones.
CAUTION! Do not use lithium batteries or other batteries with a
nominal voltage greater than 1.8 V. The instrument will be damaged.
Protect our environment! Some batteries contain toxic heavy metals,
so please return them to a recycling centre for appropriate disposal.
External Power Operation:
The instrument can be powered by an external 9V DC input, using a
universal power pack OPT103B.

KI 7010B-UM-11
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OPTICAL CONNECTOR
To access the optical connectors, grasp the top corners of the
instrument, and pull off the covers.
The optical port is mounted on a swivel, which allows the connector to
be angled outwards for accessibility, and then pushed back and
covered with the snap cover to provide dirt and drop protection.
The attenuator is either PC or APC connector specific. This is
determined when ordering the instrument.
Different styles of standard and optional connector adaptors can be
easily fitted by the user. Please see the following page for instructions
on connector adaptor installation and removal.
The supplied standard connector adaptors have ceramic sleeves and
do not cause metal dust contamination.
CAUTION!
•Do not use damaged or incompatible connectors.
•When not in use, keep the test ports and connectors covered.
To minimize connectors wear, instrument can be stored without
removing the test leads. Never touch connector tips with your
fingers, since body oils and dirt can impair connector
performance.
•Use of bare fiber adaptors is not recommended, or permanent
connector damage will occur.
•For model KI7030B, extreme caution is advised if using any
optical connector arrangement where the ferrule can rotate, due
to the probability of instrument connector damage caused by
connector rotation. Regular use of such arrangements is not
advised in any case, since instrument damage becomes more
likely. We specifically suggest never to use SMA POF
connectors, since it is almost impossible to tighten them without
damaging the instrument, since there is no connector air gap in
this instance. For POF application, SC connectors are preferred
where viable.
How to clean the optical connectors:
WARNING! Disable source when cleaning optical interface. Remove
batteries before using a microscope to inspect instrument connectors.
Always clean the mating connector tip and ferrule before mating, using
approved materials.
CAUTION! Never use abrasive cleaners, or permanent connectors
damage may occur.
To clean the interface without removing the adaptor, use ‘ stick ‘ style
connector cleaner . This cleans both the adaptor and end face in one
operation. Alternatively, first remove the interchangeable adaptor to
access the glass interface. Then blow away any dust or dirt with
compressed air. If this is not sufficient, then clean the interface by
rubbing a microfiber lint-free lens cleaning cloth over the surface using
small circular movements.

KI 7010B-UM-11
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GETTING STARTED AND TURNING ON
Pull off instrument connector covers.
To install a connector adaptor, align the locating slot on the side of the
through adaptor with that on the instrument connector, and press it on.
To remove an adaptor, press the release button on the back of the
instrument and then pull off the adaptor. It is easier to pull off the
adaptor with a test lead in place, since this gives better grip.
On older models without the release buttons, move the connector port
to its mid-way point, then pull off the adaptor.
Install the batteries, or plug in external power into the socket at the top
of the instrument.
To switch on the instrument for permanent operation, press and hold
down [Power] for 3 seconds until ‘PERM’is displayed. Display will
briefly show all segments and then firmware version. Pressing [Power]
again will turn the instrument off.
Should the instrument fail to turn on, it is possible that the
microprocessor needs re-booting. To do this, remove the batteries or
external power for at least 20 seconds, then re-insert to re-boot the
software.
The current attenuation and various user settings remain unchanged
when the attenuator is switched off.
To backlight the display temporarily, press light button ☼(first button
on the left, top row). To illuminate continuously, press and hold down
light button for 3 seconds.
Note that the hidden keypad is accessed by pulling up the hinged
display cover.
To add the carry strap, slip the end of the strap through the slit on the
curved section at the back of the instrument, and secure the buckle.

KI 7010B-UM-11
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SIMPLE OPERATION-MANUAL AND STEP MODES
To achieve the simple level of operation, connect Light source and
Power meter with a patch lead and turn both instruments on. After the
stabilisation period, set a reference (so that the meter reads 0.00 dB)
and then connect the Attenuator between the source and meter. Turn
on the Attenuator.
For correct display of attenuation, the calibration wavelength on
Attenuator should be set to the appropriate window (e.g. 850,1300 nm
for multimode or 1310,1550 nm for single mode) corresponding to
Light source operating wavelength. The calibration wavelength is
displayed on the top left of the LCD. To select calibration wavelength,
press [], then [-/+] button. Press [SET] to set the required wavelength.
If the wavelength is selected incorrectly, the displayed attenuation will
be inaccurate.
Once the wavelength has been fixed, the attenuation level can be also
set as required with the [-/+] button. To return to wavelength selection,
press [MENU].
The instrument sets the requested attenuation level with an internal
motor drive. While the motor is in operation, a ‘BUSY’ indicator will
show on the LCD.
The attenuation can be set outside the calibrated range, in which case
‘HI’ or ‘LO’ will be displayed. Note that some instrument functions are
locked out when ‘HI’ or ‘LO’ are displayed.
If the operating wavelengths of the source, meter and calibration
wavelength of attenuator are correctly set, the meter and attenuator
should display similar readings, with discrepancies caused mainly by
connector uncertainty. Note that any source drift will also cause extra
reading variations. The attenuator reading displays the complete
instrument loss, including the average optical connector loss.
The user can define attenuation step size in increments of 0.05 dB
from 0.05 dB to 10 dB.
This is very useful feature, when performing linearity tests or simply to
speed up operation, if the default step size of 0.1 dB is not convenient.
For example, when testing optical power meter linearity, the step size
might be set to 10 dB.
To operate in the step mode, simply press [POWER] [] [-/+] [SET]
and then [STEP] button. Pressing the [-/+] button will now increment
attenuation according to the previously used step size.
To view the current step size, press [SET STEP] button.
To change the step size, press the [SET STEP] button, then use [-/+]
button to display the required step size, and press [SET] to store. The
unit will now operate in step mode, using the new step value.
To exit this mode, press [MENU].

KI 7010B-UM-11
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ABSOLUTE / RELATIVE DISPLAY MODE
Absolute/Relative display mode is a useful feature to allow user
switching between these two modes depending on which value is
required.
Absolute attenuation value is displayed in dB. In relative mode, ‘REL
dB’ shows on the top right side of the display.
Sometimes it is convenient to display attenuation relative to a
reference value, e.g.:
•The display is zeroed at a particular point, and subsequent
readings are relative to this.
•The display is set to an arbitrary value. For example, it can be
set to display the actual optical power coming out of the
attenuator when a light source is attached or to read total link
loss including the attenuator loss.
Setting up the attenuator to display actual power coming out
of it:
- connect a light source to the left port, and a power meter (for
referencing purpose only) to the right port of the attenuator.
Turn on all instruments and set them up with the same
wavelength.
- in Absolute display mode of the attenuator, set attenuation
level as required and press [ABS/REL] to switch to Relative
display mode. “REL dB” will show on the top right of the
display.
-Press [-/+] to adjust the attenuator’s display to the value corresponds
to the absolute value displayed on power meter, then press [SET] to
save setting. Note that negative value settings on attenuator are
invalid.
At this point, the attenuator has been setup to display its output
power at the current set attenuation level.
- press [-/+] now to change attenuation level by the default 0.1dB
decrement/increment, will result in the attenuator displaying its
output power which corresponds to the new attenuation level set.
- press [Step] to enter Step mode to increment/decrement attenuation
level in the pre-set step value.
The step value can be reset by pressing [SET STEP] followed by [-
/+]. Press [SET] to save setting.
To return to the default 0.1 dB increment/decrement attenuation
adjustment mode, press [MENU].
-To exit Relative display mode, press the [ABS/REL] button again or
[MENU].

KI 7010B-UM-11
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PROGRAM MODE (for FW versions 17.05 & earlier only)
Program mode is a powerful productivity enhancing facility, as it
enables operator to use pre-set routines. The program mode is
particularly useful when performing optical margin testing, since a slow
uniform increase of attenuation can be automatically achieved over a
desired range.
15 different user programs (1 to 9 and A to F) can be set up and stored
in none volatile memory.
To use a previously set up program:
-Turn the instrument on and press [PROGRAM].
-Select the desired program with the [-/+] button, press
[SET] and then [GO].
-Press [STOP] to halt the program, then press [GO] if you
wish to continue.
-Press [RESTART] to restart the program.
To exit program mode press [STOP], then [MENU].
Setting up Programs:
Select the desired program location:[PROGRAM] [-/+] [SET].
To set up programs, access the hidden control panel by lifting up the
hinged LCD cover.
To set a parameter, press a parameter button on hidden control panel,
then the [-/+] button to select the desired value. The selected value will
be displayed.
To abort the changes, press [CANCEL MEMORY].
You can use the hidden control panel to set up the following
parameters:
Parameter button
Parameter
[]
calibration wavelength
[START]
start position
[FINISH]
stop position
[STEP]
attenuation step
[PERIOD]
attenuation step period
When the required parameters have been adjusted, press [SET
MEMORY] to save changes.
NOTE: Programs 1, 5, 6, 7 were pre-loaded in the factory. These can
be changed by the user.

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RS232 INTERFACE AND EXTERNAL SOFTWARE
The KI7000B can be remotely accessed and controlled from an
external PC via RS232 interface. When instrument is controlled from
PC, RS232 symbol will be displayed and auto power-off will be
defeated.
The connection details of the instrument and connecting cables are as
follows:
Some (out of spec) serial ports need a 10K resistor in the D connector
across wires 1 & 2.
Wire
1(Screen)
Wire 2
Wire 3
Instrument
Jack Plug
Body (Gnd)
Ring (Tx)
Tip (Rx)
9 Pin D
connector for
RS232
Pin 5 (Gnd)
Pin 2 (Rx)
Pin 3 (Tx)
Baud Rate
The baud rate can be set to: 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, 4.8, 9.6, 19.2, 38.4 and
56.0 Kb/sec.
The default baud rate is 9.6 Kb/sec.
To set the baud rate, on the hidden keypad, press [BAUD RATE], then
[-/+] to set the rate, followed by [SET MEMORY]. At turn on, the default
is restored.
Local/Remote modes
The hidden keypad enables the user to lock out the front panel controls
by pressing [LOCAL] or [REMOTE].
Kingfisher Attenuator Remote Control software
Remote control software available from our website at KI7010-
Software is used to provide external control of the Kingfisher KI7010B
Automated Variable Optical Attenuator.
As installed, it provides many useful functions. Since it is written in C
using Labwindows, it is also easy for a programmer to modify.
•Remote sequencing and control from a PC
•Ideal for automation of measurement sequences
•Supports three sequences with varying times/increments
•Auto-discovery of attached instrument
•Progress indicator
System Requirements:
Windows 9X or higher (tested on Win10) with RS232 port.

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CARE OF YOUR INSTRUMENT
•Follow the instructions in this manual on optical connector
care.
•During prolonged storage, remove batteries to eliminate the
possibility of acid leakage. Use only high quality sealed
alkaline or NiMH batteries.
•During storage and transport, keep the instrument in its carry
case to protect against crushing, vibration, dust and moisture.
•The instrument is resistant to normal dust and moisture,
however it is not waterproof. If moisture does get into the
instrument, dry it out carefully before using it again. Where
possible, keep instrument away from direct sunlight.
•Clean the instrument case using soft damp cloth. Do not use
alcohol or any solvents, otherwise paint will be damaged.
•The instrument housing is made of tough polycarbonate
material with impact absorbing rubberised corner features,
and is therefore drop resistant.

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ACCURACY CONSIDERATIONS
All Measurements
•Optical connectors should be kept clean and in good condition.
•There are limits on the repeatability of the attenuator setting. This is
typically ± 0.03 dB.
•There may be inaccuracies due to the operational wavelength being
slightly different to the calibration wavelength. This error is normally
small, since the instrument has a flat spectral response. The expected
inaccuracy can be approximated as:
Actual attenuation = display reading - 0.00015 x n x display reading,
where n = wavelength discrepancy in nm
For example, with the attenuator set at 1310 and 60 dB, and with 1550
nm light, the actual attenuation will be approximately 57.12 dB.
•Polarisation changes create disturbances in both the optical system and
measurement equipment. To reduce this, keep your system physically
stable. Keep patch leads neat, coiled and stable.
•Temperature effects are too small to characterise reliably and, are
unlikely to be an issue.
•All Ge power meters are inherently non-linear by about 0.04 dB. Ge
meters also have temperature dependent calibration drift at 1300 nm of
typically 0.03dB per 10 ºC. This will noticeably degrade the accuracy of
work done with such a meter.
•Light source power may drift: when you have finished a test, go back to
the start position to check if your meter reading is still within acceptable
limits.
•Cladding mode light transmission can affect some fibre types (most fiber
strip off cladding modes).
•Measurements on multimode fibre may be unrepeatable and inaccurate
unless a mode filter is used to obtain an equilibrium modal distribution.
You may find that your power meter linearity disagrees with the attenuator at
low power levels. Many power meters have poor linearity at low power levels.
If in any doubt, introduce a step attenuator into the system (for example 20
dB, a bad connection will suffice!), and repeat similar power meter readings
using a different region of the attenuator.
For example, if during testing the power meter disagrees with the attenuator
where the meter reads below -40 dBm and the attenuator was between -35
and -50 dB to achieve these readings, try introducing an additional 20 dB loss
somewhere else. Now repeat the measurement with the power meter still
reading below -40 dBm, but to achieve this, the attenuator is reading between
-15 and -30 dB. If the same non-linearity is evident, then it is the power meter
that is none linear.
Power Meter/detector Coherence sensitivity
Fiber optic power meters and detectors typically give lower accuracy and
repeatability when used with coherent laser light. The more coherent the light,
the worse this effect. The table below gives a very approximate summary. So,
for best test repeatability, use non-coherent light if possible.
Typical Linearity / Repeatability (dB)
Detector type
Non-coherent
source
Febry-Perot
Laser
DFB
Laser
InGaAs
0.005
0.08
0.3
Si
0.005
0.08
0.3
Ge
0.04
0.08
0.3

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DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
Power capability: the input power not to be exceeded to avoid
destroying the instrument.
Linearity/Repeatability: limits on the repeatability of the attenuator
setting.
Wavelength dependence: variations in set attenuation due to
instrument spectral response.
Attenuation - Low wavelength dependence
0
5
10
15
20
1310 1330 1350 1370 1390 1410 1430 1450 1470 1490 1510 1530 1550 1570 1590 1610
WAVELENGTH, nm
ATTENUATION, dB

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SPECIFICATIONS
Size: 190 x 130 x 70 mm, 7.9” x 5.4 x 2.9
Weight: 520 gm, 1.2 lb. Shipping 1.5 Kg, 3.3 lb.
Operating / Storage: -15 to 55 °C / -25 to 70 °C
Power: 2 alkaline / NiMH ‘C’ cells or 2x ‘AA’ cells
with AA-to-C size battery converter
(7.6 A/hr)
External 9~12 V DC with ID2.5(+ve)/OD5.5
mm plug.
Selectable auto-off, low battery indicator,
back lit display.
Battery life 200 - 600 hrs
Hidden keypad: For setting advanced functions.
Case: Polycarbonate, 1 meter drop tested.
RS232: 3.5 mm jack connector, default baud rate
9.6Kb/sec
Calibration: Performed without opening the instrument.
Recommended calibration cycle: 3 years
Display: 4 ½ digit high contrast LCD
Resolution: 0.05 dB
Singlemode
Multimode
POF
Fiber Type
9.5 / 125 m
50 or 62.5 m
900 µm /1 mm
Range
2 ~ 60 dB
3.00 ~ 60 dB
5 ~ 60 dB
Resolution
0.05 dB
0.05 dB
0.05 dB
Linearity / Repeatability
0.03 dB
0.03 dB
0.1 dB
Absolute Uncertainty¹,²
0.30 dB
0.30 dB
1.4 dB
Power Capability
+ 30 dBm
+ 30 dBm
+30 dBm
Optical Return Loss
(ORL)³
60 dB
60 dB
N/A
Polarisation Dependent
Loss (PDL)
< 0.1 dB
< 0.1 dB
N/A
Polarisation Mode
Dispersion (PMD)
< 1 ps
n/a
N/A
Operating range
1200 to 1650 nm
700 to 1400 nm
N/A
Nominal Calibration 
1310 / 1550 nm
850 / 1300 nm
650 nm
dependence4
1300-1625 nm:
< ±0.25 dB up to 15 dB
< ±0.5 dB up to 20 dB
850-1300 nm:
< ±0.5 dB up to
20 dB
N/A
dependence over
DWDM S/C/L band4
1490-1610 nm:
< ±0.2 dB up to 15 dB
< ±0.3 dB up to 20 dB
N/A
N/A
Thermal stability over
temperature.
± 0.02 dB
± 0.02 dB
±0.02 dB
Note 1: At calibration condition with non-coherent light
Note 2: Accuracy achieved in use will depend on connector performance
Note 3: Using APC connectors, or limited by connector performance, which is typically 45 dB for single-mode PC or
28 dB for multimode PC connectors
Note 4: Typical characteristic. POF λ performance is limited by POF fiber λ loss characteristics. The POF attenuator
element is λ insensitive