manuals.online logo
Brands
  1. Home
  2. •
  3. Brands
  4. •
  5. Kramer
  6. •
  7. Amplifier
  8. •
  9. Kramer VP-103 User manual

Kramer VP-103 User manual

Other manuals for VP-103

1

Other Kramer Amplifier manuals

Kramer 912 User manual

Kramer

Kramer 912 User manual

Kramer VM-54A User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-54A User manual

Kramer TOOLS VM-2C User manual

Kramer

Kramer TOOLS VM-2C User manual

Kramer PA-120Z User manual

Kramer

Kramer PA-120Z User manual

Kramer VM-22HD User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-22HD User manual

Kramer VP-200AK User manual

Kramer

Kramer VP-200AK User manual

Kramer VM-3DT User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-3DT User manual

Kramer 910 User manual

Kramer

Kramer 910 User manual

Kramer PT-102VN User manual

Kramer

Kramer PT-102VN User manual

Kramer VM-5ARII User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-5ARII User manual

Kramer VM-10xl User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-10xl User manual

Kramer TOOLS VP-200N User manual

Kramer

Kramer TOOLS VP-200N User manual

Kramer VM-3H2 User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-3H2 User manual

Kramer VM-3SN User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-3SN User manual

Kramer F-021 User manual

Kramer

Kramer F-021 User manual

Kramer VM-3AN User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-3AN User manual

Kramer Pico TOOLS VM-2HDxl User manual

Kramer

Kramer Pico TOOLS VM-2HDxl User manual

Kramer TP-50 User manual

Kramer

Kramer TP-50 User manual

Kramer VP-22 User manual

Kramer

Kramer VP-22 User manual

Kramer 904 User manual

Kramer

Kramer 904 User manual

Kramer TP-205A User manual

Kramer

Kramer TP-205A User manual

Kramer VM-24HD User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-24HD User manual

Kramer VM-4HDMI User manual

Kramer

Kramer VM-4HDMI User manual

Kramer VP-12NHD User manual

Kramer

Kramer VP-12NHD User manual

Popular Amplifier manuals by other brands

Magnat Audio EDITION FOUR Owner's manual/warranty document

Magnat Audio

Magnat Audio EDITION FOUR Owner's manual/warranty document

Inter-m PA-2000A Operation manual

Inter-m

Inter-m PA-2000A Operation manual

Yamaha TX6n owner's manual

Yamaha

Yamaha TX6n owner's manual

Peavey TNT 150 user guide

Peavey

Peavey TNT 150 user guide

Bosch LBB 1903/10 Installation and user instructions

Bosch

Bosch LBB 1903/10 Installation and user instructions

Avocent Emerge DA1200D Installer/user guide

Avocent

Avocent Emerge DA1200D Installer/user guide

Redgum RGi35 operating instructions

Redgum

Redgum RGi35 operating instructions

Cambridge Audio AXA25 user manual

Cambridge Audio

Cambridge Audio AXA25 user manual

Alpine MRP-M200 owner's manual

Alpine

Alpine MRP-M200 owner's manual

Technical Pro H1502UrBT user manual

Technical Pro

Technical Pro H1502UrBT user manual

FMS EMGZ307 operating manual

FMS

FMS EMGZ307 operating manual

Racal Instruments 5601 user manual

Racal Instruments

Racal Instruments 5601 user manual

Valcom V-1094A Technical specifications

Valcom

Valcom V-1094A Technical specifications

Cambridge Audio 851D user manual

Cambridge Audio

Cambridge Audio 851D user manual

QSC 3800 Specifications

QSC

QSC 3800 Specifications

NAD C300 owner's manual

NAD

NAD C300 owner's manual

Rotel RMB-1077 owner's manual

Rotel

Rotel RMB-1077 owner's manual

Peavey Monitor 300 Series operating guide

Peavey

Peavey Monitor 300 Series operating guide

manuals.online logo
manuals.online logoBrands
  • About & Mission
  • Contact us
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms and Conditions

Copyright 2025 Manuals.Online. All Rights Reserved.




.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7' 
.UDPHU(OHFWURQLFV/WG








86(50$18$/



;*$/LQH$P OLILHU
&RQYHUWHU


0RGHO
93



,03257$17%HIRUHSURFHHGLQJSOHDVHUHDGSDUDJUDSKHQWLWOHG
8QSDFNLQJDQG&RQWHQWV



.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7'

7DEOH2I&RQWHQWV

6HFWLRQ 1DPH 3DJH
  ,1752'8&7,21 
  $:RUGRQ9*$;*$$PSOLILHUV 
 +DQGOLQJ*UDSKLFV6LJQDOV 
 )DFWRU$IIHFWLQJ4XDOLW\RI5HVXOWV 
  +2:'2,*(767$57('" 
  813$&.,1*$1'&217(176 
  2SWLRQDO$FFHVVRULHV 
  ;*$/,1($03/,),(5&219(57(5 
  *HWWLQJWR.QRZ\RXU93 /LQH$PSOLILHU&RQYHUWHU 
  ,167$//$7,21 
  5DFN0RXQWLQJ 
  &211(&7,1*729*$;*$8;*$'(9,&(6 
  86,1*7+(0$&+,1( 
  7XUQLQJ2QWKH$PSOLILHU 
 2XWSXW/HYHO&RQWURO 
 /RRSLQJ 
 (TXDOL]DWLRQ&RQWURO 
 6\QF3URJUDPPLQJ6ZLWFKHV 
  7<3,&$/$33/,&$7,216 
  7\SLFDO9*$;*$/LQH$PSOLILFDWLRQ&RQYHUVLRQ 
  7$.,1*&$5(2)<2850$&+,1( 
  7528%/(6+227,1* 
  3RZHUDQG,QGLFDWRUV 
 9*$;*$6LJQDO 
  7(&+1,&$/63(&,),&$7,216 
  /LPLWHG:DUUDQW\ 

/LVW2I,OOXVWUDWLRQV
)LJXUH 'HVFUL WLRQ 3DJH
 93)URQW5HDU3DQHO)HDWXUHV 

/LVW2I7DEOHV
7DEOH 'HVFUL WLRQ 3DJH
 93)URQW5HDU3DQHO)HDWXUHV 





.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7'
 ,1752'8&7,21
&RQJUDWXODWLRQV RQ \RXU SXUFKDVH RI WKLV .UDPHU (OHFWURQLFV
9*$;*$8;*$ /LQH $PSOLILHU  &RQYHUWHU 6LQFH   .UDPHU KDV EHHQ
GHGLFDWHG WR WKH GHYHORSPHQW DQG PDQXIDFWXUH RI KLJK TXDOLW\ YLGHRDXGLR
HTXLSPHQW 7KH .UDPHU OLQH KDV EHFRPH DQ LQWHJUDO SDUW RI PDQ\ RI WKH EHVW
SURGXFWLRQDQGSUHVHQWDWLRQIDFLOLWLHVDURXQGWKHZRUOG,QUHFHQW\HDUV.UDPHU
KDV UHGHVLJQHG DQG XSJUDGHG PRVW RI WKH OLQH PDNLQJ WKH EHVW HYHQ EHWWHU
.UDPHU¶VOLQHRISURIHVVLRQDOYLGHRDXGLRHOHFWURQLFVLVRQHRIWKHPRVWYHUVDWLOH
DQG FRPSOHWH DYDLODEOH DQG LV D WUXH OHDGHU LQ WHUPV RI TXDOLW\ ZRUNPDQVKLS
SULFHSHUIRUPDQFH UDWLR DQG LQQRYDWLRQ ,Q DGGLWLRQ WR WKH .UDPHU OLQH RI KLJK
TXDOLW\ 9*$;*$8;*$ /LQH $PSOLILHUV VXFK DV WKH RQH \RX KDYH MXVW
SXUFKDVHG .UDPHU DOVR RIIHUV D IXOO OLQH RI KLJK TXDOLW\ YLGHR GLVWULEXWLRQ
DPSOLILHUV VZLWFKHUV SURFHVVRUV IRUPDW LQWHUIDFHV FRQWUROOHUV DQG RWKHU
FRPSXWHUUHODWHG SURGXFWV 7KLV PDQXDO LQFOXGHV FRQILJXUDWLRQ RSHUDWLRQ DQG
RSWLRQLQIRUPDWLRQIRUWKH93

 $:RUGRQ9*$;*$8;*$$P OLILHUV
9*$;*$8;*$$PSOLILHUVURXWHVLJQDOVWRRQHRUPRUHVHOHFWHGXVHUV7KH\
YDU\ LQ ORRSLQJ FDSDELOLW\ QXPEHU RI RXWSXWV EDQGZLGWK DQG LQSXWRXWSXW
FRXSOLQJ  9*$;*$8;*$ $PSOLILHUV VXFK DV WKH RQH GHVFULEHG LQ WKLV
PDQXDO DUH XVHG WR VSOLW 9*$;*$8;*$ JUDSKLFV FDUG RXWSXWV WR UHPRWH
PRQLWRUV 6RPH RI WKHP DOORZ FRQWURO RI VLJQDO OHYHO DQG FDEOH HTXDOL]DWLRQ RI
HDFKFKDQQHOLQGHSHQGHQWO\DVZHOODVFRQWURORIWKHKRUL]RQWDODQGYHUWLFDOV\QF
GHOD\ RQ WKH RXWSXWV $ JRRG TXDOLW\ 9*$;*$8;*$ DPSOLILHU SUH
FRPSHQVDWHVWKHVLJQDOIRUSRWHQWLDOORVVHVUHVXOWLQJIURPWKHXVHRIORQJFDEOHV
QRLV\VRXUFHVHWFDQGURXWHVWKHVLJQDOWREXIIHUHGDQGDPSOLILHGRXWSXWV7KH
IURQWSDQHOVRIDOO.UDPHU$PSOLILHUVDUHGHVLJQHGWREHVLPSOHWRRSHUDWH

 +DQGOLQJ*UD KLFVVLJQDOV
$ FRPSXWHU JHQHUDWHG JUDSKLFV VLJQDO LV XVXDOO\ FRPSRVHG RI  VLJQDOV 5HG
*UHHQ%OXHZKLFKDUHDQDORJOHYHOVLJQDOVDQGWZR77/ORJLFOHYHOVLJQDOV
+RUL]RQWDO 6\QF DQG 9HUWLFDO 6\QF 'LJLWDO JUDSKLFV FDUGV DQG PRQLWRUV XVH D
GLIIHUHQWVLJQDOIRUPDWDQGZLOOQRWEHGLVFXVVHGKHUHDVWKH\DUHQRWUHOHYDQWWR
WKHDPSOLILHU
&RPSXWHU JUDSKLFV UHVROXWLRQ LV PHDVXUHG LQ SL[HOV DQG VLJQDO EDQGZLGWK 7KH
PRUHSL[HOVSLFWXUHHOHPHQWVRQWKHVFUHHQWKHPRUHGHWDLOHGWKHLPDJH9*$
69*$;*$6;*$DQG8;*$DUHWHUPVGHVFULELQJWKHJUDSKLFVUHVROXWLRQ
DQG WKH FRORU GHSWK &RORU GHSWK UHSUHVHQWV WKH PD[LPXP QXPEHU RI
VLPXOWDQHRXVO\GLVSOD\HGFRORUVRQWKHVFUHHQDQGLVPHDVXUHGLQELWVDQG



.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7'
ELWVRIFRORUGHSWKUHSUHVHQWPLOOLRQVWRELOOLRQVRIVKDGHVRIFRORUDYDLODEOHRQ
WKHVFUHHQDWDQ\JLYHQPRPHQW,WVKRXOGEHERUQLQPLQGWKRXJKWKDWWKHKXPDQ
H\HFDQUHVROYHRQO\DIHZWKRXVDQGVFRORUV7KHPRUHGHWDLOHGWKHLPDJHKLJKHU
UHVROXWLRQ DQG WKH KLJKHU WKH FRORU GHSWK WKH PRUH UHDO WKH LPDJH ORRNV 7KH
KLJKHVWUHVROXWLRQRIVWDQGDUG9*$ZDV[SL[HOVZLWKELWVRIFRORU 
FRORUV,WZDVDEOHWRXVHPRUHFRORUVEXWDWDORZHUYHU\FUXGHUHVROXWLRQ
DURXQG [SL[HOV &RPPRQUHVROXWLRQV XVHGQRZ IRUFRPSXWHU JUDSKLFV
YDU\ EHWZHHQ [ XS WR [  SL[HOV ZLWK ³KLJK FRORU´   ELWV RI
FRORUUHSUHVHQWLQJGLIIHUHQWFRORUVXSWR³WUXHFRORU´ELWVRUPRUH
UHSUHVHQWLQJ IURP  PLOOLRQ FRORUV XS WR VHYHUDO ELOOLRQ 'LVSOD\LQJ VXFK D
GHWDLOHGDQGFRORUIXOLPDJHRQWKHVFUHHQQHHGVHQRUPRXVJUDSKLFVPHPRU\SHU
IUDPHDVZHOODVYHU\KLJKVSHHGVIRU³ZULWLQJ´VRPDQ\SL[HOVRQWKHVFUHHQLQ
UHDO WLPH 7KH DPSOLILHUV WKDW FDUU\ WKRVH VLJQDOV PXVW EH DEOH WR KDQGOH WKRVH
VSHHGVDQGVLJQDOEDQGZLGWK
7KH VWDQGDUG 9*$ DW [ UHVROXWLRQ QHHGHG DPSOLILHUV ZLWK 0+]
EDQGZLGWK $W [  8;*$ RU HYHQ DW [  6;*$ VXFK
DPSOLILHUV IDLO FRPSOHWHO\ ,Q RUGHU WR IDLWKIXOO\ DPSOLI\ DQG WUDQVPLW PRGHUQ
KLJKUHVROXWLRQJUDSKLFVDPSOLILHUV ZLWKEDQGZLGWKVRI 0+]DQGPRUH DUH
QHHGHG7KRVHDPSOLILHUVEHVLGHVWKHHQRUPRXVEDQGZLGWKWKH\KDQGOHQHHGWR
EHOLQHDUWRKDYHYHU\ORZGLVWRUWLRQDQGEHVWDEOH
6WDELOLW\ RI DQ DPSOLILHU LV LWV DELOLW\ WR DYRLG EXUVWLQJ LQWR XQFRQWUROOHG
RVFLOODWLRQ ZKLFK LV LQ DGYHUVH UHODWLRQVKLS WR WKH VSHHG LW FDQ KDQGOH 7KH
WHQGHQF\ WR RVFLOODWH LV IXUWKHU HQKDQFHG E\ WKH ORDG LPSHGDQFH 7KH ORDG
LPSHGDQFH RI D V\VWHP LV XVXDOO\ QRW MXVW D UHVLVWRU $ FDEOH FRQQHFWHG WR DQ
DPSOLILHUOHDGLQJWRWKHUHFHLYHURUPRQLWRUPD\SUHVHQWDFDSDFLWLYHDQGRUDQ
LQGXFWLYHORDGWRWKHDPSOLILHU7KLVLVWKHPDLQFDXVHRILQVWDELOLW\7KHGHILFLHQW
EHKDYLRU RI D ORDG RU FDEOH PD\ VHYHUHO\ GHJUDGH WKH SHUIRUPDQFH RI WKH
DPSOLILHU LWV EDQGZLGWK OLQHDULW\ DQG VWDELOLW\ DQG LQ JHQHUDO LWV DELOLW\ WR
IDLWKIXOO\UHSURGXFHWKHVLJQDO
&DEOHV DIIHFW LPDJH UHVROXWLRQ /RQJHU FDEOHV GXH WR LPSHUIHFW FKDUDFWHULVWLFV
FDXVH KLJK IUHTXHQF\ GHWHULRUDWLRQ LPDJH ³VPHDU´ DQG ORVV RI UHVROXWLRQ ,Q
FRPSXWHU JUDSKLFV HVSHFLDOO\ WKLV DGYHUVH HIIHFW LV YHU\ PXFK DFFHQWXDWHG
$PSOLILHUVVKRXOGWKHUHIRUHFRSHZLWKDQDGGLWLRQDOWDVNFRPSHQVDWLQJIRUFDEOH
ORVVHV XS WR WKH PD[LPXP XVHIXO RSHUDWLRQ GLVWDQFH +LJKUHVROXWLRQ JUDSKLFV
V\VWHPV PXVW XVH YHU\ KLJK TXDOLW\ FDEOHV IRU LPDJH WUDQVPLVVLRQ 7KH FDEOHV
VKRXOGEH VKLHOGHGWRHOLPLQDWH H[WHUQDOO\LQGXFHGLQWHUIHUHQFH HYHQWKRXJK WKH
VKLHOG LWVHOI FDQ LQFUHDVH WKH FDSDFLWDQFH RI WKH FDEOH DQG WKHUHIRUH FDXVH
GHWHULRUDWLRQLQWKHLPDJH¶VUHVROXWLRQDQGFODULW\6WDQGDUGFDEOHVVKRXOGRQO\EH
DIHZPHWHUVORQJ)RUORQJHUGLVWDQFHVWKHFRPSRXQGFDEOHLVEURNHQLQWRILYH
LQGLYLGXDO FRD[ FDEOHV ZKLFK DUH EXON\ DQG FXPEHUVRPH IRU XVH (YHQ VR WKH
GLVWDQFHLVOLPLWHGWRVHYHUDOWHQVRIPHWHUV



.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7'
7KHLPSHUIHFWEHKDYLRURIDFDEOHPD\FUHDWHRWKHUSUREOHPVUHVXOWLQJIURPWKH
IDLOXUHWR DFFXUDWHO\ PDWFKWKH V\VWHP¶VUHTXLUHG LPSHGDQFH7KH UHVXOWRI WKLV
HVSHFLDOO\DWKLJKIUHTXHQFLHVLV³VKDGRZV´RU³JKRVWV´RQWKHLPDJHUHVXOWLQJ
IURP VWDQGLQJ ZDYHV DQG HOHFWURQLF UHIOHFWLRQV UXQQLQJ EDFN DQG IRUWK EHWZHHQ
WUDQVPLWWHUDQGUHFHLYHU$QRWKHUDVSHFWWRFRQVLGHULVWKHV\QF$VV\QFVLJQDOV
DUH ORJLF VLJQDOV ZKLFK DUH QRW WUHDWHG DV DQDORJ VLJQDOV WKH UHFHLYHU GRHV QRW
WHUPLQDWHWKHOLQHDQGWKHUHIRUHWKHOLQHLVQRWPDWFKHG$KRVWRISUREOHPVFDQ
RFFXU ZKHQ VLJQDOV DUH VHQW RYHU ORQJ XQWHUPLQDWHG XQPDWFKHG FDEOHV 7KH
UHVXOW FDQ EH LPDJH EUHDNGRZQ RU GLVWRUWLRQ GXH WR LPSURSHU V\QF LQIRUPDWLRQ
7KHDPSOLILHU WKDWGULYHVWKH DQDORJVHFWLRQ RIWKHJUDSKLFV GDWDVKRXOGDOVR EH
DEOHWREXIIHUUHFRYHUDQGVHQGWKHV\QFLQIRUPDWLRQLQVXFKDZD\WKDWLWZLOOEH
UHFHLYHGSURSHUO\DWWKHUHFHLYHUHQG

 )DFWRUV$IIHFWLQJ4XDOLW\RI5HVXOWV
7KHUH DUH PDQ\ IDFWRUV DIIHFWLQJ WKH TXDOLW\ RI UHVXOWV ZKHQ VLJQDOV DUH
WUDQVPLWWHGIURPDVRXUFHWRDQDFFHSWRU
¾ &RQQHFWLRQ FDEOHV  /RZ TXDOLW\ FDEOHV DUH VXVFHSWLEOH WR LQWHUIHUHQFH
WKH\GHJUDGHVLJQDOTXDOLW\GXHWRSRRUPDWFKLQJDQGFDXVHHOHYDWHGQRLVH
OHYHOV7KH\VKRXOGWKHUHIRUHEHRIWKHEHVWTXDOLW\
¾ 6RFNHWVDQGFRQQHFWRUVRIWKHVRXUFHVDQGDFFH WRUV6RRIWHQLJQRUHG
WKH\VKRXOGEHRIKLJKHVWTXDOLW\VLQFH=HUR2KPFRQQHFWLRQUHVLVWDQFHLV
WKH REMHFWLYH 6RFNHWV DQG FRQQHFWRUV DOVR PXVW PDWFK WKH UHTXLUHG
LPSHGDQFH RKP LQ YLGHR &KHDS ORZ TXDOLW\ FRQQHFWRUV WHQG WR UXVW
WKXVFDXVLQJEUHDNVLQWKHVLJQDOSDWK
¾ $P OLI\LQJ FLUFXLWU\  0XVW KDYH TXDOLW\ SHUIRUPDQFH ZKHQ WKH GHVLUHG
HQGUHVXOWLVKLJKOLQHDULW\ORZGLVWRUWLRQDQGORZQRLVHRSHUDWLRQ
¾ 'LVWDQFHEHWZHHQVRXUFHVDQGDFFH WRUV3OD\VDPDMRUUROHLQWKHILQDO
UHVXOW)RUORQJGLVWDQFHVEHWZHHQVRXUFHVDQGDFFHSWRUVVSHFLDOPHDVXUHV
VKRXOGEHWDNHQLQRUGHUWRDYRLGFDEOHORVVHV7KHVHLQFOXGHXVLQJKLJKHU
TXDOLW\FDEOHVRUDGGLQJOLQHDPSOLILHUV
¾ ,QWHUIHUHQFHIURPQHLJKERULQJHOHFWULFDOD OLDQFHV7KHVHFDQKDYHDQ
DGYHUVH HIIHFW RQ VLJQDO TXDOLW\ %DODQFHG DXGLR OLQHV DUH OHVV SURQH WR
LQWHUIHUHQFHEXW XQEDODQFHGDXGLR VKRXOGEH LQVWDOOHGIDU IURPDQ\ PDLQV
SRZHU FDEOHV HOHFWULF PRWRUV WUDQVPLWWHUV HWF HYHQ ZKHQ WKH FDEOHV DUH
VKLHOGHG






.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7'
 +2:'2,*(767$57('"
7KHIDVWHVWZD\WRJHWVWDUWHGLVWRWDNH\RXUWLPHDQGGRHYHU\WKLQJULJKWWKHILUVW
WLPH7DNLQJ PLQXWHVWRUHDGWKHPDQXDOPD\VDYH\RXDIHZKRXUVODWHU<RX
GRQ¶WHYHQKDYHWRUHDGWKHZKROHPDQXDO,IDVHFWLRQGRHVQ¶WDSSO\WR\RX\RX
GRQ¶WKDYHWRVSHQG\RXUWLPHUHDGLQJLW
 813$&.,1*$1'&217(176
7KH LWHPV FRQWDLQHG LQ \RXU .UDPHU SDFNDJH DUH OLVWHG EHORZ 3OHDVH VDYH WKH
RULJLQDOER[DQGSDFNDJLQJPDWHULDOVIRUSRVVLEOHIXWXUHVKLSPHQW
$P OLILHU93 7KLV8VHU0DQXDO
3RZHU6X O\ .UDPHU&RQFLVH3URGXFW&DWDORJ
5XEEHU)HHW

 2 WLRQDO$FFHVVRULHV
7KH IROORZLQJ DFFHVVRULHV ZKLFK DUH DYDLODEOH IURP .UDPHU FDQ HQKDQFH
LPSOHPHQWDWLRQRI\RXUPDFKLQH)RULQIRUPDWLRQUHJDUGLQJFDEOHVDQGDGGLWLRQDO
DFFHVVRULHVFRQWDFW\RXU.UDPHUGHDOHU
93[O[ 9*$;*$$XGLR6ZLWFKHUFDQEHVHULDOO\LQVHUWHGEHWZHHQXS
WR9*$VRXUFHVDQGWKH $PSOLILHUIRUVRXUFHVHOHFWLRQ,WLVDIXOOEDQGZLGWK
VZLWFKHU GHVLJQHG IRU FRPSXWHU DQG ZRUNVWDWLRQ DSSOLFDWLRQV  7KH 93[O
VZLWFKHVRQHRIVL[9*$69*$;*$JUDSKLFVFDUGRXWSXWVDQGWKHDSSURSULDWH
DXGLR FKDQQHOV WR RQH PRQLWRU RU '$ HWF ZLWK QR GLVFHUQLEOH VLJQDO
GHJUDGDWLRQ 7KH 93[O DOVR KDV 56 FRQWURO ,QSXW DQG RXWSXW DUH GLUHFW
FRXSOHGDQGFRQIRUPWRWKHKLJKHVWVWDQGDUGV
93      +LJK 5HVROXWLRQ 9*$ 'LVWULEXWLRQ $PSOLILHUV
FDQ EH VHULDOO\ LQVHUWHG EHWZHHQ WKH ORRS RXWSXW RI WKH $PSOLILHU DQG WKH ORFDO
UHFHSWRUV IRU DGGLWLRQDO VLJQDO GLVWULEXWLRQ 7KH\ DUH IXOO EDQGZLGWK '$V
GHVLJQHGIRUFRPSXWHUDQGZRUNVWDWLRQVDSSOLFDWLRQV7KH93VSOLW
D9*$69*$;*$JUDSKLFVFDUGRXWSXWWRPRQLWRUVZLWKQRGLVFHUQLEOH
VLJQDO GHJUDGDWLRQ 6WDWHRIWKHDUW YLGHR DPSOLI\LQJ FLUFXLWU\ DQG PLFURFKLS
WHFKQRORJ\ PDNH WKH 93 WKH ILUVW FKRLFH *UDSKLFV &RPSRQHQW
'LVWULEXWRU6LJQDOEDQGZLGWKRI0+]DOORZWKH93WREHXVHG
ZLWKWKHKLJKHVWTXDOLW\JUDSKLFVZRUNVWDWLRQV
93  [  9*$ VZLWFKHU GLVWULEXWRU FDQ EH VHULDOO\ LQVHUWHG EHWZHHQ 
9*$;*$VRXUFHVDQGWKH$PSOLILHU,WLVDIXOOEDQGZLGWKVZLWFKHU[ 9*$
VZLWFKHU GLVWULEXWRU GHVLJQHG IRU FRPSXWHU DQG SUHVHQWDWLRQ DSSOLFDWLRQV 7KH
93DOORZVVHOHFWLRQRIRQHRXWRIWZR9*$;*$VRXUFHVDQGGLVWULEXWLRQRI
WKH VHOHFWHG VRXUFH WR WZR LQGHSHQGHQW RXWSXWV 6LJQDO EDQGZLGWK RI 0+]



.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7'
HQVXUHV WKDW WKH 93 UHPDLQV WUDQVSDUHQW HYHQ LQ WKH PRVW FULWLFDO
DSSOLFDWLRQV7KH93LVSDUWRIWKH.UDPHU722/6IDPLO\RIFRPSDFWKLJK
TXDOLW\DQGFRVWHIIHFWLYHVROXWLRQVIRUDYDULHW\RIDSSOLFDWLRQV
93  FDQ EH VHULDOO\ LQVHUWHG EHWZHHQ WKH ORRS RXWSXW RI WKH 93 DQG D
SUHVHQWDWLRQ V\VWHP ,W LV D KLJK TXDOLW\ 3UHVHQWDWLRQ 6ZLWFKHU FRPELQLQJ WKH
IXQFWLRQVRID[ VZLWFKHUIRUFRPSRVLWHYLGHRDQGDXGLRD[ VZLWFKHUIRUV
9LGHRDQGDXGLRDQGD[ VZLWFKHUIRU9*$W\SHVLJQDOVZLWKDXGLRDOOLQWRD
VLQJOH KLJK SHUIRUPDQFH XQLW  7KH 93 LV GHVLJQHG WR EHFRPH D RQHER[
VROXWLRQ IRU V\VWHPV ZKLFK ZRXOG RWKHUZLVH UHTXLUH VHYHUDO VHSDUDWH SURGXFWV
(DFKVHFWLRQFDQEHFRQWUROOHGLQGHSHQGHQWO\IURPWKHRWKHUV7KH93FDQEH
FRQWUROOHGE\IURQWSDQHOEXWWRQVRUE\56VHULDOFRPPDQGVWUDQVPLWWHGE\D
WRXFKVFUHHQV\VWHPSHUVRQDOFRPSXWHURURWKHUVHULDOFRQWUROOHU7KH93KDV
DQDGGLWLRQDODXGLRVZLWFKLQJVHFWLRQZKLFKURXWHVRQHRIWKHSUHVHOHFWHGDXGLR
LQSXWV IURP WKH RWKHU VZLWFKLQJ VHFWLRQV WR D VHSDUDWH RXWSXW  7KLV VZLWFKLQJ
VHFWLRQFDQLQVHUWDQDGGLWLRQDOPLFURSKRQHFKDQQHOHLWKHUE\VZLWFKLQJPL[LQJ
RUWDONRYHU)URQWSDQHOFRQWUROVDOORZDGMXVWPHQWRI9*$;*$8;*$RXWSXW
OHYHODQG(40DVWHUDXGLRRXWSXWOHYHODQG0LFURSKRQHOHYHO

 ;*$/,1($03/,),(5&219(57(5
7KLV VHFWLRQ GHVFULEHV WKH FRQWUROV DQG FRQQHFWLRQV RI \RXU DPSOLILHU
8QGHUVWDQGLQJ WKH FRQWUROV DQG FRQQHFWLRQV KHOSV \RX UHDOL]H WKH IXOO SRZHU RI
\RXUPDFKLQH

 *HWWLQJWR.QRZ<RXU93/LQH$P OLILHU&RQYHUWHU
7KH.UDPHU93LVDKLJKSHUIRUPDQFH9*$;*$8;*$WR%1&FRQYHUWHU
GHVLJQHGWRDOORZDVLQJOH9*$;*$8;*$VRXUFHWRGULYHDORFDOPRQLWRUDQG
XSWRWZRFRPSDWLEOHODUJHGLVSOD\GHYLFHVVLPXOWDQHRXVO\0DQ\SURMHFWRUVDQG
ODUJHPRQLWRUVSURYLGH%1&FRQQHFWRUVUDWKHUWKDQPXOWLSLQ'FRQQHFWRUV7KH
93VROYHVWKLVSK\VLFDOLQFRPSDWLELOLW\DQGSURYLGHVWKHORFDOPRQLWRUORRS
WKURXJK DV ZHOO DV QHFHVVDU\ EXIIHULQJ DPSOLILFDWLRQ DQG V\QF SURFHVVLQJ IRU
UHPRWHDFFDSWRUVDSSOLFDWLRQV1RWHWKDWWKH93GRHVQRWSHUIRUPDQ\VFDQ
UDWHFRQYHUVLRQ
7KH 93 ZLOO DFFHSW DOO W\SLFDO 9*$ PRGHV VXFK DV 9*$ 69*$ ;*$
6;*$8;*$DQGZLOORXWSXW5*V%5*%6RU5*%+99LGHREDQGZLGWKRI
  0+] HQVXUHV WUDQVSDUHQW RSHUDWLRQ DW PXOWLSOH UHVROXWLRQV LQFOXGLQJ ;*$
)RUDSSOLFDWLRQVQRWUHTXLULQJDORFDOPRQLWRUDIURQWSDQHOWHUPLQDWLRQVZLWFKLV
SURYLGHG HOLPLQDWLQJ WKH QHHG IRU H[WHUQDO WHUPLQDWLRQ SOXJV  7KH PDFKLQH
SURYLGHV /HYHO DQG &DEOH (TXDOL]DWLRQ IURQ SDQHO HDV\DFFHVV FRQWUROV 7KH



.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7'
93 LV UXJJHG GHSHQGDEOH DQG UXQV RQ D VWDQGDUG 9'& VRXUFH DQG LV
WKHUHIRUHSHUIHFWO\VXLWDEOHIRUILHOGZRUNDVZHOO
)URQW5HDUSDQHOIHDWXUHVRIWKH93DUHGHVFULEHGLQ)LJXUH DQGLQ7DEOH 





)LJXUH93)URQW5HDU3DQHO)HDWXUHV

7DEOH93)URQW3DQHO)HDWXUHV
)HDWXUH )XQFWLRQ
 3RZHUVZLWFK ,OOXPLQDWHGVZLWFKVXSSOLHVSRZHUWRWKHXQLW
 6**5((1
SXVKEXWWRQ
6HOHFWVHLWKHU6\QF*UHHQRU*UHHQDWWKH*5((1
%1&FRQQHFWRU6\QF*UHHQ SUHVVHG
 +9+SXVKEXWWRQ 6HOHFWVKRUL]RQWDOYHUWLFDOV\QFZKHQSUHVVHG
RUKRUL]RQWDOV\QFRQO\ZKHQUHOHDVHGDWWKH
++96<1&FRQQHFWRU
 %1&287(4NQRE &RQWUROVFDEOHHTXDOL]DWLRQRIWKH%1&YLGHR
RXWSXWV
 %1&287/HYHONQRE &RQWUROVYLGHROHYHORIWKH%1&YLGHRRXWSXWV
 7HUPLQDWLRQ6ZLWFK :KHQUHOHDVHGDOORZVIRUORRSLQJ:KHQSUHVVHG
LQORRSLQJFDQQRWEHXVHG



.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7'
7DEOH935HDU3DQHO)HDWXUHV&RQW
)HDWXUH )XQFWLRQ
 9*$;*$/223
+' )FRQQHFWRU
3URYLGHV9*$;*$ORRSLQJFDSDELOLW\WRLQFUHDVH
WKHQXPEHURIRXWSXWV
 9*$;*$LQSXW
+' )FRQQHFWRU
7KH9*$;*$LQSXWFRQQHFWRU
  5('*5((1DQG
%/8(%1&FRQQHFWRUV
7ZRVHWVRIDPSOLILHGDQGEXIIHUHG5('*5((1
%/8(VLJQDORXWSXWV
 &6+V6<1&%1&
FRQQHFWRU
$PSOLILHGDQGEXIIHUHGKRUL]RQWDOV\QFZKHQ
+V&VSXVKEXWWRQLVSUHVVHGRU&RPSRVLWHV\QF
RQO\ZKHQ+V&VSXVKEXWWRQLVUHOHDVHG
 9V6<1&%1&
FRQQHFWRU
$PSOLILHGDQGEXIIHUHGYHUWLFDOV\QFRXWSXW
 '&3RZHUVXSSO\
&RQQHFWRU
$'&FRQQHFWRUDOORZVSRZHU 9'&WREH
VXSSOLHGWRWKHXQLW

 ,167$//$7,21
 5DFN0RXQWLQJ
7KH93OLQHDPSOLILHUSURFHVVRUPD\EHUDFNPRXQWHGLQDVWDQGDUG ´
 8(,$UDFNDVVHPEO\XVLQJRSWLRQDOUDFNDGDSWHUPRGHO5.0('1
 &211(&7,1*729*$;*$8;*$6285&(6
9*$;*$8;*$VRXUFHVPD\EHFRQQHFWHGWRWKH93WKURXJKWKH+' )
W\SH FRQQHFWRUV ORFDWHG RQ WKH EDFN RI WKH PDFKLQH 2XWSXW GHYLFHV VXFK DV
PRQLWRUVSURMHFWRUVRUUHFRUGHUVPD\EHFRQQHFWHGWRWKHPDFKLQHWKURXJKWKH
%1&FRQQHFWRUV

 86,1*7+(0$&+,1(
 7XUQLQJRQWKH$P OLILHU
 %$
 7KH DPSOLILHU VKRXOG RQO\ EH WXUQHG RQ DIWHU DOO
FRQQHFWLRQVDUHFRPSOHWHGDQGDOOVRXUFHGHYLFHVKDYHEHHQ
WXUQHG RQ 'R QRW DWWHPSW WR FRQQHFW RU GLVFRQQHFW DQ\
YLGHR RU FRQWURO VLJQDOV WR WKH $PSOLILHU ZKLOH LW LV WXUQHG
RQ
 7KH VRFNHW RXWOHW VKRXOG EH QHDU WKH HTXLSPHQW DQG
VKRXOG EH HDVLO\ DFFHVVLEOH 7R IXOO\ GLVFRQQHFW HTXLSPHQW
UHPRYHWKHSRZHUFRUGIURPLWVVRFNHW



.5$0(5(/(&7521,&6/7'

3UHVVWKHWRJJOHVZLWFKRQWKHOHIWRIIURQWSDQHOWRWKHXSSRVLWLRQ7KH
WRJJOHVZLWFKLOOXPLQDWHV
2SHUDWHWKHDFFHSWRUV
 2XW XW/HYHO&RQWURO
7KH /HYHO &RQWURO IXQFWLRQ HQDEOHV WKH RSHUDWRU WR FRQWUROWKH SLFWXUH LQWHQVLW\
OHYHO RU FRPSHQVDWH IRU GLVWRUWLRQV FDXVHG E\ IRU H[DPSOH FDEOHV WKDW DUH WRR
ORQJRUVKRUW/RZOHYHOVLJQDOVFDXVHDSLFWXUHWREHWRRGDUNDQGRQWKHRWKHU
KDQGH[FHVVLYHOHYHOVEXUQWKHSLFWXUH7RFRUUHFWWKHLQFRPLQJVLJQDODGMXVW
WKH/(9(/NQREXQWLODVDWLVIDFWRU\SLFWXUHLVDFKLHYHG
 /RR LQJ
7KH ORRSLQJ IXQFWLRQ HQDEOHV WKH RSHUDWRU WR FRQQHFW VHYHUDO PDFKLQHV WR D
9*$;*$VRXUFH$OZD\VVZLWFKWKHWHUPLQDWLRQVZLWFKRIWKHILUVWDQGPLGGOH
PDFKLQHVWR+L]7KHODVWDPSOLILHU¶VWHUPLQDWLRQVZLWFKVKRXOGDOZD\VEHDW
RKPWRPDLQWDLQZHOOPDWFKHGOLQHVRIRKPLPSHGDQFHIURPWKHILUVWWR
WKH ODVW DPSOLILHU ,I WKH ORRSLQJ IXQFWLRQ LV QRW XVHG WKH WHUPLQDWLRQ VZLWFK
VKRXOGEHVHWWRRKP
 (TXDOL]DWLRQ&RQWURO
(TXDOL]DWLRQ &RQWURO IXQFWLRQ FRPSHQVDWHV IRU GHJUDGDWLRQ RI WKH LQFRPLQJ
VLJQDOVGXHWRFDEOHLPSHUIHFWLRQV3RSXODUFDEOHVVXFKDV5*5* RU5*
FDXVHGHJUDGDWLRQDWWHQXDWLRQDVIROORZV
&$%/(7<3( /(1*7+ )5(48(1&< $77(18$7,21
5*

PHWHU
PHWHU
0+]
0+]
G%
G%
5* PHWHU
PHWHU
0+]
0+]
G%
G%
5*

PHWHU
PHWHU
0+]
0+]
G%
G%
'HJUDGDWLRQ DQG ORVV RI 9*$;*$ VLJQDOV DUH FDXVHG E\ VWUD\ FDSDFLWDQFH
LQKHUHQW LQ ORQJ FDEOHV $V ORQJHU FDEOHV RU KLJKHU IUHTXHQFLHV DUH XVHG LW
EHFRPHV D VHULRXV SUREOHP DQG ILQH GHWDLOV RI WKH SLFWXUH IDGH :KHQ 5*%
VLJQDOVDUHLQYROYHGGHJUDGDWLRQLVHYHQJUHDWHUOHDGLQJWRWRWDOORVVRIVKDUSQHVV
LQKLJKUHVROXWLRQ VLJQDOV ,WLV SRVVLEOH WRFRPSHQVDWH IRUWKH FDEOHV LPSHUIHFW
EHKDYLRU E\ XVLQJ WKH DPSOLILHU¶V (4 NQREV XQWLO D VDWLVIDFWRU\ SLFWXUH LV
DFKLHYHG
