Lithium Power Neuton Power BT Series User manual

Neuton Power (12.8V) LiFePO4 Battery
Bluetooth (BT) Series
User's Guide
Dec 2021 / V2
DOCUMENT NOTICE: The information contained in this manual is the property of YHI
Power and is subject to change without notice. YHI Power reserves the right to make
changes in the design of its products or components as progress in engineering and
manufacturing may warrant.
It is the customer's responsibility to satisfy itself as to whether the information contained
herein is adequate and sufficient for a user's particular use.
It is the further responsibility of each user to ensure that all applications of Neuton Power
products are appropriate and safe based on conditions anticipated or encountered
during use.
This document does not create any additional obligation for YHI Power and does not
constitute additional warranties and representations.
Copyright © YHI Power

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CONTENTS
Storage ....................................................................................................................................... 5
Relationship Between Charge Limits and Temperature ................................................. 5
Series Strings ............................................................................................................................ 6
Parallel Strings ......................................................................................................................... 7
Charging Batteries .................................................................................................................. 8
Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................................... 9
Charger Trips using Constant Voltage ................................................................................. 9
Terminal Voltage Absent or Low ........................................................................................ 9
Battery Current Disappears when Charging. ................................................................. 10
Bluetooth ID is not found in“Neuton Power”APP. ................................................. 10
Bluetooth battery APP introduction ................................................................................. 11

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Neuton Power 12.8V Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) BT series battery is intended as a
replacement for the common 12V lead acid battery. Neuton LiFePO4 Battery pack has
the unique triple safety protection with high performance and prominent long life; it has
20 times longer cyclic life than SLA battery to save cost and energy, and is up to 50%
lighter than SLA battery to save logistic cost.
This document is intended for use by anyone required to install and operate Neuton
Power 12.8V LiFePO4 batteries. Be sure to review this manual carefully to identify any
potential safety risks before proceeding.
The owner must read this manual carefully before its usage. Qualified technician to
install the battery is mandatory.
Failure to install or use this product as instructed can result in damage to the product
that may not be covered under the limited warranty.
Note: Due to the legality, LiFePO4 battery must be less than 50% charged (SOC) for
transportation purpose, this means the battery is not ready to use until it has been
fully charged.

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WARNING: Explosion, Electrocution, Or Fire Hazard
A battery can present a risk of electric shock, burns from high short circuit current, fire,
or explosion.
Observe proper precautions.
Ensure the cables are properly sized.
Ensure clearance requirements are strictly enforced around the batteries.
Ensure the area around the batteries is well ventilated and clean of debris.
Always use insulated tools. Avoid dropping tools onto batteries or other electrical
parts.
Never charge a frozen battery.
If a battery must be removed, always remove the grounded terminal (negative) from the
battery first. Make sure all devices are disconnected.
IMPORTANT
When installing batteries, leave adequate clearance between batteries.
When replacing batteries, use the same number and type of batteries.
Avoid any fall or collision during the installation process.
Do NOT remove the battery components. The maintenance of the battery should be
carried out by a professional engineer.
Do NOT expose the LiFePO4 battery to heat in excess of 55°C during operation, 60°C in
storage.
Do NOT incinerate or expose to open flames.
Do NOT connect over 4 sets LiFePO4 batteries in series. Wrong operation will damage
the BMS.
Before series connection, it's better to make sure fully charge or discharge single battery.
The different SOC between batteries may cause the whole group to fail to charge and
discharge normally (Reduce the usable capacity of the battery group.)
Before parallel connection, it's better to make sure the voltage difference less than 0.1V
to avoid large current impact.

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Storage
The 12.8V LiFePO4 battery can be stored in an environment with temperatures
between -40°C and +60°C and between 10% and 90% relative humidity, non-
condensing. For long storage periods at 25°C, charge the battery every year. For
temperatures above 40°C, charge the battery quarterly. Do not store the LiFePO4 battery
at temperatures above 60°C.
Relationship Between Charge Limits and Temperature
Due to the chemistry of Lithium-Ion cells, the cells cannot accept as much charge current
at lower temperatures without risking permanent loss of capacity. As the cells’
temperature rises during the charging process, they can gradually accept higher currents.
To maintain optimal performance and durability of LiFePO4 battery, the following charge
limits based on ambient temperature is recommended.
Temperature (℃) Charge Current
<0 Charging prohibited
0~10 ≤ 10A
10~20 ≤ 50A
20~25 ≤ 100A
25~35 ≤ 50A
35~55 ≤ 20A
>55 Charging prohibited
Table 1. Charge rate by temperature
Note:
Battery cables (not included in the battery purchase) should be appropriately sized to handle
the expected current.

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Series Strings
The batteries can be combined together in series strings to achieve higher operating
voltages by connecting the positive terminal of one battery to the negative terminal of
the next battery. The maximum number of 12.8V LiFePO4 battery that you can connect
in a series is four (4).
Below figure 2 illustrates four 12.8V LiFePO4 batteries connected in series, for a 4S1P
configuration.
4pcs 12.8V100Ah in series
Figure 2. Connecting Batteries in Series (4S1P Configuration)
Two batteries in series: 2 x 12.8V = 25.6V (nominal) for 24V applications
Three batteries in series: 3 x 12.8V = 38.4V (nominal) for 36V applications
Four batteries in series: 4 x 12.8V = 51.2V (nominal) for 48V applications
CAUTION
• Failure to follow the following safety instructions may result in personal injuries or
damage to the equipment!
• Do NOT connect more than four batteries in series. Connecting more than four
batteries in series exceeds the voltage limit of the BMS.
• Do NOT short circuit the LiFePO4 battery
• Do NOT connect more than two battery strings in parallel.
• Do NOT connect different batches, different types, old and new batteries in series.

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Parallel Strings
To combine batteries in parallel strings, connect all like-polarity wires on adjacent
batteries to an appropriately sized terminal block for your application. Refer to Figure 3
for an example of eight 12.8V LiFePO4 batteries connected in a 4S2P configuration.
The maximum series strings that you can connect in parallel is two. Parallel string
configurations greater than 8 batteries (4S2P) are not supported.
Note: The parallel application can only extend the working time and cannot double
the charging or discharging current.
2pcs x 12.8V100Ah in Parallel
Figure 3. Example of a 4S2P Configuration
CAUTION
• Do NOT connect different batches, different types, old and new batteries in series.
• It needs to make sure the battery voltage difference is below 100mV before parallel
connection.
• Make sure each battery has 3A minimum charge/discharge current, otherwise the BMS
wouldn’t detect small current accurately which will cause incorrect SOC display in the
APP.
• Do NOT connect different batches, different types, old and new batteries in parallel.

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Charging Batteries
A specific LiFePO4 battery charger is required to charge the Neuton Power LiFePO4
batteries. Chargers that require the detection of voltage may fail to wake the LiFePO4
battery from a state of under-voltage protection. Constant Voltage (CV) chargers
may result in an inrush current due to the low impedance of the cells, interrupting the
charge. Reset the charger and continue charging normally if the charger trips.
The constant current (CC) charger is strongly recommended.
To charge a single 12.8V battery, the maximum charge voltage is 14.6V and the maximum
charge current is referred to Table 1. Any inrush current may cause over current or short
circuit protection.
Once you reach end-of-charge voltage, apply a constant voltage, and hold at this voltage
until the current decays to almost zero. This charges the cells to 100% state of charge
(SOC). Refer to below figure for an illustration.
B a t t ery
Voltage
Charger holds output to a standby
"float" voltage
CV
Battery Current
CC
Battery charge current tapers
down to almost zero
Time
Figure 4. Battery voltage and current during recharge
Voltage & Current

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Troubleshooting
The 12.8V LiFePO4 batteries are extremely reliable batteries that provide greater useful
life than comparable 12V lead-acid batteries. Despite the high reliability of the 12.8V
LiFePO4 batteries, you may encounter situations where the battery does not operate as
expected. These situations are typically the result of misuse, abuse or a non-optimal
operating or storage environment. This part details potential issues you may encounter
with the 12.8V LiFePO4 batteries and the appropriate troubleshooting procedures.
Charger Trips using Constant Voltage
Problem:
CV charger trips when charging the batteries.
Causes:
This is due to the low impedance of the battery creating a current inrush.
Solution:
Reset the charger and try again.
Terminal Voltage Absent or Low
Problem:
Using a multimeter to check terminal voltage shows the terminal voltage is low.
Causes:
1. The battery is overheated, causing the microprocessor to enable over-temperature
protection.
2. The voltage of a cell within the battery dropped below 2.5V, causing the
microprocessor to enable low-voltage protection.
3. The battery’s SOC dropped below 5% from either an extended idle period or heavy
use, enabling low-voltage protection.
Solution:
To resolve situations where terminal voltage is absent or low:
1.
Allow the battery to cool and then recheck terminal voltage.
2. Connect the battery to a charger to wake the battery and recover terminal voltage.
(≤ 30V PV panel can be used to activate a deep discharged battery.)
(A 12V VRLA battery can also be used to activate a deep discharged battery.)
3. If the cells pack voltage is below 7V, the BMS will not be activated anymore. So, it
needs to be charged in time after deep discharge.

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Battery Current Disappears when Charging
Problem:
Battery current disappears when charging.
Causes:
1. The battery is overheated, triggered over-temperature protection.
2. The battery pack is out-of-balance (normally in series application).
3. The battery is fully charged.
Solution:
To resolve situations where current disappears during charging:
1. Allow the battery to cool down.
2. Charge up each battery individually and then connect them in series.
3. Use APP to check SOC is 100% or not.
Bluetooth ID is not found in“Neuton Power”APP
Problem:
The battery is in sleep mode.
Causes:
The battery will automatically enter sleep mode after one hour if there is no charge
or discharge activity.
Solution:
Reactivate the Bluetooth connection by charging or discharging the battery.

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Bluetooth APP Introduction
This chapter mainly introduce the Bluetooth Application - "Neuton Power".
Li
Neuton Power
Please download APP by searching "Neuton Power" at Apple App Store or Google Play,
or by scanning the below QR code.
for iOS Device for Android Device
* Bluetooth ID sticker is located on the top of each battery.
* The Bluetooth system provides point to point connection. Only one battery can be connected
to the device at once, no matter how many batteries are in series/parallel connections.
Neuton Power

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Bluetooth ID
Battery Voltage
Battery Current
Battery Rated
Capacity
Battery
Temperature
Cycle time
State of charge
Charge control MOS
& Discharge control
MOS status
Charge is positive
Discharge is negative

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Cell Voltage
Max Cell Voltage Difference
Remain Capacity
Status:
Standby
Charge
Discharge
Alarm &Protection:
Low temperature alarm
High temperature alarm
Over current alarm
Low voltage alarm
Low temperature protection
High temperature protection
Over current protection
Short current protection
Low voltage protection