Milpower Source M359-1 User manual
Milpower Source
M359-1
UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY
SINGLE PHASE 2.0KW/2.2KVA
MADE IN THE U.S.A
USER’S MANUAL
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL Rev G January 17, 2010 Page 1 of 30
Milpower Source
7Field Lane
Belmont, NH 03220
Phone: (603) 267-8865
www.milpower.com
E-mail: sales@milpower.com
Milpower Source West Coast Sales Office
Dave Hall
1498 Linda Vista Ave.
Pasadena, CA 91103
Phone: 626-304-9620
Fax: 626-796-1415
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 2 of 30
Table of Contents
Para Description Page
Important Safety Instructions 3
1 General Description 4
1.1 Intended Application 4
1.2 Functional Overview 4
2 Electrical Installation Instructions 7
3 Front Panel Description 9
3.1 Front panel: Main Components 9
3.2 Front Panel: Indicators and Controls 10
4 Rear Panel Description 11
5 Operating the M359 12
5.1 General 12
5.2 Modes of Operation 12
5.2.1 UPS Mode 12
5.2.2 Off State 13
5.2.3 By-Pass Mode 13
5.2.4 Stand-By Mode 13
5.2.5 UPS Test Mode 13
5.3 Local Control (Using the Front panel Switches) 14
5.3.1 PWR ON/OFF Switch 14
5.3.2 INPUT UPS/BY-PSS Switch 14
5.3.3 OUTPUT UPS/BY-PSS Switch 14
5.4 Remote Control (Using the Remote Switches) 15
5.4.1 Remote PWR ON/OFF Switch 15
5.4.2 Remote UPS/BY-PASS Selector 15
5.5 Visual Indicators 15
5.6 UPS Response to Input AC Failure 17
5.7 UPS Response to Overload Condition 18
5.7.1 Output Current Limiting 18
5.7.2 Overload Protection 18
5.7.3 Recovery from Overload Shutdown 18
5.8 UPS Response to Overtemperature Condition 20
6 Maintaining the M359 21
6.1 Battery Test 21
6.2 Battery Service Life 21
6.3 Replacing the Battery Pack 22
6.4 Air Filter Maintenance 23
7 Communication and Remote Control 23
7.1 Ethernet SNMP (Optional) 23
7.2 Dry-Contacts Interface 23
7.3 RS-232 Serial Interface 25
7.4 Remote Control Interface (Remote Switches) 25
8 Specification 27
9 How to Order 30
List of Figures
Figure Description Page
1 M359 Block Diagram 6
2 Electrical Connections 8
3 Front Panel, Main Components 9
4 Front Panel, Indicators and Controls 10
5 Rear Panel 11
6 Output Short Circuit Current Waveform 19
7 Output Short Circuit Shutdown 19
8 Overload (3kW) Shutdown 20
9 Dry Contacts 22
10 Remote Switches Connections 26
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 3 of 30
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
The M359 and its Battery Pack should not be tampered with by
unauthorized personnel. Tampering with the M359 or its Battery Pack, or
using them in any other way but their intended application, may result in
a severe safety hazard.
Disconnecting the input connector does not turn off the UPS.
The unit should only be plugged into an approved, double-pole circuit
breaker electrical outlet, rated between 32Amp (min) to 46Amp (max).
Note: If the available source can not support 32Amp, consider using the
Special Option Unit (see MPS Doc: M359-1-1-X_SP).
The M359 contains an internal high-voltage (132VDC), high-energy
battery and large high voltage (270VDC) capacitors.
The Replaceable Plug-in Battery Pack (MPS P/N M359380) of the M359
contains lead-acid batteries. The Battery Pack should not be opened. It
can only be replaced with a new pack (battery cells cannot be safely
replaced individually).
Dispose the Battery Pack properly. Careless disposal (such as into a
fire) may cause an explosion. Local regulations may require controlled
disposal of lead-acid batteries. Please check your local regulations
before disposal.
The Battery Pack forms part of the mechanical structure of the M359.
Without the Battery Pack properly installed and tightened to the M359
front panel, the ability of the M359 to tolerate mechanical vibration and
shocks is compromised.
For proper mechanical support in shipboard installation that should be
able to tolerate high impact shocks:
Use at least three bolts on each side of the front panel.
Do not rely on the slides for mechanical support. Use the two pins
(supplied with the M369) to support the backside of the unit.
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 4 of 30
1. General Description
1.1. Intended Applications
The M359 is a high quality, rugged, 2.0kW/2.2kVA, 19” rack-mounted, Uninterruptible
Power Supply (UPS). It fully complies with all the requirements of MIL-STD-1399
(Section 300) and is specifically designed to meet the harsh military shipboard
environment. The high reliability and ruggedness of the M359 make it an excellent
choice not only for military shipboard applications, but for critical shore-based
applications as well.
1.2. Functional Overview
The M359 consists of two main sections: Passive Power Conditioner and Active UPS
Section (see Fig. 1). The Power Conditioner is an isolation transformer with RFI
filters and spike absorbers. In case of a UPS failure, internal power relays allow the
User to bypass the UPS section and feed the load directly from the output of the
passive Power Conditioner. Thereby retaining the galvanic isolation, the surge
protection and the noise filtering provided by the transformer and filters.
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The UPS Section of the M359 is composed of a Low Input Distortion (LID) AC-to-DC
Converter, Plug-in, (hot-swap) Battery Pack, Battery Charger, DC-to-AC Inverter,
micro-controller-based Control Circuit and an SNMP Ethernet agent.
The LID AC-to-DC Converter is a high frequency switching converter that converts
the 115Vac/60Hz input to the 270VDC output required for the DC-AC inverter. Unlike
standard AC-to-DC converters (or even “high-power-factor converters”), the input
current that the LID AC-to-DC converter draws from the input source is a clean sine
waveform with very low harmonic distortions. This unique property enables the M359
to fully meet the stringent requirements of MIL-STD-1399 (Navy).
The Plug-in Battery Pack is a disposable unit, composed of eleven 12V/5AH lead-
acid cells (sealed, lead-acid, high discharge rate, maintenance-free cells), and a
temperature sensor. It provides 5 minutes of hold up time at 2KW and 10 minutes at
1.5KW. The Battery Pack is not a serviceable item, cannot be disassembled, and
can only be replaced as a single unit.
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 5 of 30
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The Battery Charger is a voltage-regulated and current-limited DC to DC converter. It
is powered from the 270VDC output of the AC-to-DC LID Converter and provides
temperature-compensated float charge to the Battery Pack. This charging method
preserves the batteries and provides the longest batteries-life possible.
The DC-to-AC Inverter generates clean sine-shape 115VAC voltage from the
270VDC output of the AC-to-DC LID Converter. The DC-to-AC Inverter is current-
limited and overload protected. The M359 provides failure isolation between the
load on its output, to the Prime source that feeds the M359. Overloading the UPS
output will not result in an overload on the prime AC source that feeds the M359.
When the UPS is in the By-pass mode, all of its active circuits (including Overload
Protection) are by-passed or disabled. Therefore, overload protection in the By-pass
mode should be provided by the external 32 to 46 Amp circuit breaker (or fuses) at
the AC outlet that feeds the M359 input.
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The Control Circuit is a microcontroller-based circuit that provides monitoring of the
unit’s status (battery charge, load level, input and output levels, etc.) and supports the
communication and front panel status indicators.
Figure 1, on next page, shows the main functional blocks of the M359. The relays in
Figure 1 are shown in their unenergized state. For simplicity sake, only one pole is
shown for each relay. However, each is a two-pole device that disconnects both of
the AC lines.
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 6 of 30
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MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 7 of 30
2. Electrical Installation Instructions
Before installing the unit, please read carefully the Safety Instructions at the
beginning of this manual.
Make sure that all the switches on the M359 front panel are in the OFF position.
Verify that the Plug-in Battery Pack is properly installed and secured (see
Paragraph 6.3).
Verify that the electrical outlet that is powering the UPS is 115Vac/60Hz,
protected by a double-pole circuit breaker (or fuses) rated to between 32 to
46Amp.
Verify that the circuit breaker is off.
Verify that the cables that will interface with the UPS are wired in accordance
with Figure 2 (see next page).
Ground the UPS Chassis to your rack by using at least one of the GND
connections on the back-panel of the UPS. The GND conductor should be
AWG #8 or thicker. (For best EMI performance use wide and short low-
inductance braids).
Connect the AC cable coming from the 115Vac-wall outlet to the Input
Connector J1.
Connect the AC cable that feeds your equipment to the Output Connector J2.
Connect the monitoring and control cables from your server to the appropriate
connectors on the UPS back panel (RS-232, Ethernet SNMP, or Dry-contacts,
as applicable).
Turn on the 115Vac circuit-breaker that provides power to the outlet that feeds
the UPS.
The UPS now is ready for operation (see Paragraph 5).
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 8 of 30
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MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 9 of 30
3. Front Panel Description
3.1. Front Panel: Main Components (Figure 3)
1. Visual Indicators and Controls (for detailed view see Figure 4)
2. Power On/Off Switch.
3. Air filter captive screw.
4. Removable air filter (Air Inlet).
5. Serial Number and Date Code of Battery Pack.
6. Plug-in, hot-swap Battery Pack.
7. Input UPS/By-Pass Select switch.
8. Output UPS/By-Pass Select switch.
9. Air filter captive screw.
10. Air filter captive screw.
11. Battery Pack handle.
12. Battery Pack mounting screws (total of 10, marked “A”).
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MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 10 of 30
3.2. Front Panel: Indicators and Controls (Figure 4)
13. LOAD LEVEL Bar Graph (marked in %, 100% = 2,000W).
14. LOW BATT Warning LED (blinking yellow).
15. ALARM OFF Push-button. Note: In M359-1 of REV-C (or higher) this button is
used also to manually set the Batt Charge Level to 100%.
16. ON BATT Warning LED (blinking yellow).
17. INPUT FAIL LED (red).
18. OUTPUT STDBY LED (yellow).
19. OUTPUT FAIL LED (red).
20. INPUT OK LED (green).
21. OUTPUT OK LED (green).
22. O. LOAD Shutdown LED (red).
23. O. TEMP Warning LED (blinking yellow).
24. O. TEMP Shutdown LED (red).
25. BATT TEST FAIL LED (red).
26. BATT TEST Push-button.
27. BATT TEST PASS LED (green).
28. Set Battery Charge to 100% Push-button (forces the Charge Indicator to 100%.
Used mainly during the Manufacture’s In-process tests). Note: In M359-1 of REV-
C (or higher) this button was deleted and its functionality moved to the Alarm
Off Push-button.
29. BATT CHARGE Bar Graph (marked in %, 100% = Full Charge).
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MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 11 of 30
4. Rear Panel Description (Figure 5)
30. Left side Bushing (mating pins are supplied with the unit).
31. Cooling fan (air outlet).
32. Dry Contacts Connector J3 (see Paragraph 7.2 for pin-out description).
33. Remote ON/OFF connector J4 (see Paragraph 7.4 for pin-out description).
34. RS-232 Connector J5 (see Paragraph 7.3 for pin-out description).
35. Right side Bushing (mating pins are supplied with the unit).
36. Right-side GND Connection (threaded hole, .190, UNF-32, 1.5D(min) deep)
37. RJ-45 (CAT-5), Ethernet SNMP Port.
38. Mounting Provisions (4-40 threaded holes) for Ethernet Cable Support (not
provided).
39. J2 Output Power Connector (see Figure 2 for pin-out).
40. J1 Input Power Connector (see Figure 2 for pin-out).
41. Left-side GND Connection (threaded hole, .190, UNF-32, 1.5D(min) deep).
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MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 12 of 30
5. Operating the M359
5.1. General
The UPS will not turn-on with Battery power alone. Therefore, to enable a UPS turn-on, AC
Input must be presented at the UPS Input connector J1 and the Input UPS/By-Pass switch
must be in the UPS position.
If the Remote Switches function is not used, please verify that a mating connector is plugged
into J4 (on the rear panel of the Unit) and that it has two jumpers: one between Pin 8 to Pin 4
and the other between Pin 5 to Pin 6. (The UPS is shipped with the mating connector and the
jumpers already installed on J4).
5.2. Modes of Operation.
The M359 has five distinct modes of operation: Off, UPS Mode, By-Pass Mode, Stand-By
Mode and UPS Test Mode. These modes are described below.
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5.2.1. UPS Mode.
This is the normal operating mode of the M359. In the UPS Mode all of the UPS
functions are enabled and the AC Output is a clean, regulated and protected,
115Vac/60Hz power, generated by the M359 DC-to-AC Inverter. In this mode, the
internal Battery supports the AC Output and failures on the AC Input will not propagate
to the output.
To enter the UPS Mode (after all electrical connections are made and AC Input power
is available):
Via the front panel:
Turn On (up) the Output UPS/By-Pass switch (8), the Input UPS/By-Pass switch (7) and
only then turn On the PWR ON/OFF switch (2).
Via the Remote Switches:
Select UPS on the RMT UPS/By-Pass selector and only then turn On the RMT PWR
ON/OFF switch. (See Paragraph 7.4 for description of the Remote Control Switches).
When the M359 is in the UPS mode the INPUT OK green LED (20), the OUTPUT OK
green LED (21) and the Battery Charge Level Bar-graph (29) should be on. If the
Battery charge level is below 35%, the LOW BATT Warning yellow LED (14) may blink.
If the Battery is not fully charged, the upper bar of the BATT CHARGE indicator will
blink, signifying that the Charger is active. The Load Level Bar-graph indicator (13) will
show the loading on the UPS output.
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 13 of 30
5.2.2. Off State.
When the M359 is OFF, the Input, the By-pass and the Output relays (see Figure 1) are
not energized and are in the position shown on Figure 1. In this mode all of the UPS
circuits are off and no power is presented on the AC Output connector J2. Please note
that since the Input relay is located on the secondary side of the Isolation Transformer
(see Figure 1), the Power Conditioner’s Input is always connected to the AC input on J1.
To turn the M359 Off via the front panel: Turn Off (down) the PWR ON/OFF switch
(2). All front panel indicators should turn-off.
To turn the M359 Off via the Remote Switches: Turn Off the RMT ON/OFF switch.
After a short delay, all front panel indicators should turn-off.
5.2.3. By-Pass Mode.
This mode is used only when the UPS has an internal failure that prevents it from
providing the AC Output. In this mode the Input and Output relays (see figure 1) are in
the unenergized state (as shown on Figure 1), but the By-pass relay is closed providing
a direct path from the AC Input on J1, via the passive Power Conditioner to the AC
Output on J2. In the By-pass Mode, none of the active circuits of the UPS are
operating, hence the front panel indicators and the communication ports are all off.
To enter the By-Pass Mode via the front panel: Turn down the Output UPS/By-Pass
switch (8) and the Input UPS/By-Pass switch (7). Turn On (if it is not all ready in the On
position) the PWR On/Off switch (2).
To enter the By-Pass Mode via the Remote Switches: Set the RMT UPS/By-Pass
selector to By-Pass position and the RMT PWR ON/Off switch to On. (The PWR
ON/OFF switch (2) and the remote RMT ON/OFF switch should both be in the On
position.)
5.2.4. Stand-By Mode.
In this mode, all of the UPS circuits are active, except that the DC-to-AC inverter is
disabled and the Output relay (see figure 1) is in the unenergized state (no AC output).
This mode is used when AC Output is not desired, but other functions, like Battery
charging, are. This mode can be entered only from the front panel control.
To enter the Stand-by mode: Turn down the Output UPS/BY-PASS switch (8) and turn
On the PWR ON/OFF switch (2). The front panel display should be active and the
OUTPUT STDBY yellow LED (18) will be on and the OUTPUT OK green LED (21) will
be off. The LOAD LEVEL Bar-graph will also be off.
5.2.5. UPS Test-Mode.
The UPS Test Mode is useful for testing the functionality of the UPS. In this mode the
Input relay (see figure 1) is unenergized and the AC Output is provided by battery
power. This mode can be entered only from the front panel control.
To enter the Test Mode: turn On the PWR ON/OFF switch (2) and after the M359 has
turned on, turn down the Input UPS/BY-PASS switch (7). The AC Input is now
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 14 of 30
disconnected from the UPS input and the M359 is forced to operate from the internal
battery (thus simulating an AC input failure). In this mode, the INPUT FAIL red LED
(17) should be on, the ON BATT yellow LED (16) should blink, the OUTPUT OK green
LED (21) should remain on, and the Bar-graphs should indicate the Load and Battery
charge level.
5.3. Local Control (Using the Front Panel switches).
If the M359 is controlled from its front panel switches, the remote ON/OFF switch should be
in the On position and the remote UPS/BY-PASS selector in the UPS position. (If the Remote
Switches function is not used, the mating connector of J4, with the jumpers described in
Paragraph 5.1 above, should be installed on J4). Please note that the M359 will turn On only
if AC Input is available. The M359 will remain On (using Battery power) if AC input fails, but it
will not start on Battery power alone.
5.3.1. PWR ON/OFF Switch (2).
When in the Off position (down) this switch disconnects both Input and Output of the
M359 and turns off all functions (regardless off anything else). When On, it enables the
M359. The actual Operation Mode (UPS, By-Pass or Test) will depend on the setting of
the other switches and controls. In order to turn-on the M359 both the PWR ON/OFF
Switch and the INPUT Switch must be in the upper position (and AC Input must be
available). Once the M359 is On, all Modes are accessible and depend only on the
setting of the INPUT and OUTPUT switches (the exact sequence is not important).
5.3.2. INPUT UPS/BY-PASS Switch (7).
When this switch is in the By-Pass position (down), it disconnects the AC Power from
the UPS input and the UPS (if already on and running) will continue to operate on
Battery power. This state is useful as a Test Mode for the UPS functionality. If both
Input and Output UPS/BY-PASS switches are in the By-Pass position (down) and the
PWR ON/OFF switch (2) is On (up), the M359 will be in the By-Pass mode. In this
mode AC power is routed (by-passed, internal to the M359) from the Input connector J1
to the Output connector J2, via the isolation transformer and passive filters and all UPS
functions are disabled.
5.3.3. OUTPUT UPS/BY-PASS Switch (8).
When this switch is in the BY-PASS position (down), it disconnects the UPS AC Output
from the Output connector J2. The UPS will be in the Stand-by mode, AC Output will be
off, but the communication ports, the front panel display and the Battery Charger will
remain active. This state is useful if the battery needs charging but the presence of AC
power on the output connector J2 is undesired. If both the INPUT and OUTPUT
UPS/BY-PASS switches are in the By-Pass position (down) and the PWR ON/OFF
switch (2) is On (up), the M359 will be in the By-Pass mode (see 5.3.2 above).
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 15 of 30
5.4. Remote Control (Using the Remote Switches).
In order to control the M359 by the remote switches (via the connector J4 on the rear panel),
the three front panel switches (2, 7 and 8) should be in the upper position. The
recommended connection of the remote switches is described in Para. 7.4 and Figure 10.
5.4.1. Remote PWR ON/OFF Switch.
When in the Off position (down) this switch turns off the M359 (regardless of anything
else). When On, it enables UPS and By-Pass operation (the actual Mode will depend
on the setting of the other switches and controls).
5.4.2. Remote UPS/BY-PASS Selector.
When this Selector is in the UPS position the M359 will operate as a UPS (see
Paragraph 5.2.1). When in the By-Pass position, the M359 will be in the By-Pass Mode
(see Paragraph 5.2.3).
If both the remote switches and the front panel switches are used, the following priority
shall apply:
1) The M359 will be energized only if the front panel PWR ON/OFF switch (2) and the
remote ON/OFF switch are both On. Turning Off either one will disconnect the
input and output and will force the UPS to the Off State.
2) If the remote UPS/BY-PASS Selector is in the BY-PASS position, the M359 will be
forced into the By-Pass Mode, regardless of the position of the front panel’s Input
(7) and Output (8) switches (providing that both the remote and front panel PWR
ON/OFF switches are On).
3) If the front panel INPUT UPS/BY-PASS switch (7) and the OUTPUT UPS/BY-
PASS switch (8) are both in the BY-PASS position, the M359 will be in the By-Pass
Mode regardless of the position of the remote UPS/BY-PASS Selector (providing
that both PWR ON/OFF switches are On).
5.5. Visual Indicators.
5.5.1. INPUT FAIL/OK LED’s (17 and 20).
When the M359 is On and in the UPS mode, these LED’s indicate the status of the AC
Input into the UPS. If the AC Input is normal, the OK green LED (20) will be on. If AC
Input is not provided (or too low for normal operation), the INPUT FAIL red LED (17) will
be on and the INPUT OK green LED will be off. When in the By-Pass mode, all LED’s
are off.
5.5.2. OUTPUT FAIL / OK / STBY LED’s (18, 19 and 21).
When the M359 is in the UPS mode, The OUTPUT LED’s indicate the status of the AC
Output. When the AC Output is normal, the OUTPUT OK green LED (21) will be on.
If the UPS is in the Stand-by Mode (AC output is not available in this Mode), the
OUTPUT STBY yellow LED (18) will be on and the OUTPUT OK green LED (21) - off.
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 16 of 30
If the AC output is not available because of an external over-load or any other failure
(external or internal to the M359) the OUTPUT FAIL red LED will be on. When in the
By-Pass mode, all LED’s are off.
5.5.3. ON BATT Warning LED (16)
When the M359 is operating in the UPS Mode and the AC Input fails, the UPS will use
the Battery power as its primary source. In this state, the ON BATT Warning yellow
LED (16) will start blinking, warning the user that the UPS is working on Battery power.
5.5.4. LOW BATT Warning LED (14)
When the M359 is operating in the UPS mode, and the Battery Charge level drops
below 35%, the yellow LOW BATT Warning LED (14) will start blinking, warning the
user that the Battery Level is low.
5.5.5. O. LOAD Shutdown LED (22).
If the UPS overload protection has been tripped by an overload (and the UPS has
shutdown), the red O. LOAD Shutdown LED (22) will turn on, indicating to the user that
the UPS has shutdown due to overloading.
5.5.6. O.TEMP Warning LED (23)
In case of an Over temperature of the UPS (hot spot temperature exceeding +940C),
the O.TEMP yellow LED (23) will start blinking.
5.5.7. O. TEMP SHUTDOWN LED (24).
Three minutes after the O. TEMP Warning LED starts blinking (and if the temperature
does not drop), the UPS will shut itself off. This condition is indicated by the O. TEMP
SHUTDOWN red LED (24).
5.5.8. BATT TEST PASS LED (27).
When Battery Test is invoked and the Battery is good, the green PASS LED (27) will be
on for 20 seconds and then will turn back off.
5.5.9. BATT TEST FAIL LED (25).
When Battery Test is invoked and the Battery is bad, the FAIL red LED (25) will turn
(and remain) on.
5.5.10. LOAD LEVEL [%] Bar-Graph (13).
A three-color bar-graph that indicates the load level (real power) in percent. 100%
indicates output power of 2,000W. The lower six bars (15% to 75%) are green, the
next three positions (80%, 110%, and 120%) are orange and the two uppermost
positions (130% and 140%) are red. The colors do not have any special significance
and are only intended to assist fast visual scanning of the load level.
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 17 of 30
5.5.11. BATT CHARGE [%] Bar-Graph (29).
The Battery Charge Bar Graph indicates the charge level of the battery. 100% signifies
that the battery is fully charged and will support 5 minutes at 2KW, 50% signifies 2.5
minutes at 2KW. Lower loads will result in longer hold-up time. When the Battery
Charger is charging the Battery, the uppermost active segment of the Battery Charge
Bar Graph will blink.
5.6. UPS Response to Input AC Failure
When the input AC voltage is below the minimum level required for proper operation, the
UPS will use the internal Battery to support the AC Output. During this condition the INPUT
FAIL red LED (17) will be on, the ON BATT Warning yellow LED (16) will blink, and five
seconds after the input power has been lost, an audible alarm will start beeping once every
five seconds.
To turn off the audible alarm, press momentarily on the ALARM OFF Push-button (15).
When the button is pressed, a short beep will sound to indicate compliance.
Note: In M359-1of REV-C (or higher), this button if depressed for more than 10 seconds will set
the Batt Charge Level Indicator to 100% (used during the Manufacturer’s In-Process testing).
Due to the On-line topology of the M359 (see figure 1), the output voltage is always
generated by the DC-to-AC Inverter, regardless of the prime power source. Hence, the
transition between AC Input to Battery Power and backward, is seamless. When monitoring
the output voltage with an oscilloscope, it is impossible to tell when the transition occurs.
When the UPS operates on Battery power, the BATT CHARGE Bar Graph (29) continuously
displays the remaining battery charge level. When the charge in the battery drops below
35%, the LOW BATT Warning yellow LED (14) will start blinking, indicating that the battery
charge level is low and the audible alarm will start emitting two short beeps once every five
seconds. To turn off the audible alarm, press momentarily on the ALARM OFF Push-button
(15). When the button is pressed, a short beep will sound to indicate compliance.
When the Battery Charge Bar Graph reaches 0% (no segments are lit), the UPS will continue
to operate until the actual voltage of the battery will trip the Over Discharge protection circuit
and will shut down the UPS. When the AC Input voltage recovers, the UPS will turn on
automatically.
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 18 of 30
5.7. UPS Response to Overload Condition
The M359 has two distinct overload protection functions. The first is the linear (continuous)
current limiting of the output current and other is an overload protection that shuts down the
UPS Output if the output power (in watts) is exceeded. In case of a shutdown due to an
overload, the green OUTPUT OK LED (21) will turn off and the red OUTPUT FAIL LED (19)
and the red O. LOAD SHUTDOWN LED will both be On.
5.7.1. Output Current Limiting
The DC-to-AC Inverter of the UPS that generates the AC Output (see Figure 1) has a
current limiting circuit that limits the output current to about 42Amp (peak). It means
that the maximum undistorted sine-wave current that the M359 can provide is about
30Arms, limiting the output VA to about 3.4KVA. If the load on the UPS output exceeds
this rating, the current waveform will be clamped at 42Amp peak and the output current
will be a sine-wave with a “flat top”. When the overload approaches short circuit, the
current wave form will look like a trapezoid (see the Figure 6).
A short circuit or an Overload that tries to exceed the current limit threshold of the UPS
and as a result pulls down the output voltage to below 80Vrms and persists for more
than about 0.7 second will shutdown the Output of the UPS (see Figure 7).
5.7.2. Overload Protection
The Overload Protection circuit of the M359 monitors the real output power into the load
(in Watts). If the output power exceeds the rating of the M359 (2KW) a timer is started
and if the Overload condition persists, the UPS output will shutdown. The allowed
overload duration before the UPS Outputs shuts down depend on the depth of the
overload. For an overload of up to 150% (3KW) the allowed duration (before the output
will shutdown) is about 3 seconds (see Figure 8). At full short the duration will be
reduced to about 0.7 seconds.
5.7.3. Recovery From an Overload Shutdown
To recover from a shutdown caused by an Overload condition (the O. LOAD
SHUTDOWN red LED (22) and OUTPUT FAIL red LED (21) are On):
1) Turn off the PWR ON/OFF switch (2), or the RMT PWR ON/OFF switch.
2) Remove the overload (or short circuit) from the UPS output.
3) Turn on the PWR ON/OFF switch (2) or the RMT PWR ON/OFF switch (as
applicable, since both must be On in order to enable the UPS).
Note: The output may turn on immediately or after a short delay, depending on the
duration the unit was off. During this delay the OUTPUT STDBY yellow LED (18)
will blink.
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 19 of 30
Figure 7: Output Short Circuit Current Waveform
+45mp
-45Amp
Figure 6: Output Short Circuit Shutdown
~700mS
Output Voltage (100V/Div)
Output Current (25Amp/Div)
MPS Doc: M359_USER_MANUAL REV G January 17, 2010 Page 20 of 30
5.8. UPS Response to Overtemperature Condition
When the internal hot-spot temperature of the UPS exceeds a preset level (+940C), the
yellow O. TEMP Warning LED (23) will start blinking and an audible alarm will sound at one
second intervals, 50% duty cycle. Three minutes after the O. TEMP Warning LED starts
blinking (and if the temperature does not drop), the UPS will shut itself off. This condition is
indicated by the O. TEMP Shutdown red LED (24) and the OUTPUT FAIL red LED (19).
Recovery from Over Temperature Shutdown, when the temperature drops, is automatic.
In case of an Over Temperature, check the condition of the Air Filter (4) on the front panel (if
it is dirty - clean it and re-install it into the unit) and verify that when AC Output is on, the
cooling fan (31) is operating..
Figure 8: Overload (3KW) Shutdown
3 Seconds
Output Voltage (100V/Div)
Output Current (50Amp/Div)
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