MKS SG 524 User manual

SOLID STATE MICROWAVE GENERATOR
450 W @ 2450 MHZ
TECHNICAL NOTE
(issue: April 2017)
SG 524

(Cover Rear)

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SG 524
CE Declaration of Conformity
Dichiarazione di Conformità CE
Manufacturer’s Name: Mks Instruments Italy s.r.l
Nome del Costruttore:
Manufacturer’s Address: Via Curie, 8 - 42122 Reggio Emilia - Italy
Indirizzo del Costruttore:
Declare that the microwave generator:
Dichiara che il Prodotto:
product name: SG 524 Microwave Generator
nome del prodotto SG524 Generatore di microonde
model: SG524E.xxx2, SG524E.xxx1
The product described above is in conformity with the provision of the following European Directives:
Il prodotto sopra descritto è in conformità con le seguenti Direttive Europee:
2014/35/UE Harmonization of the laws of the member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within
certain voltage limits
Riavvicinamento delle legislazioni degli Stati membri relative al materiale elettrico destinato ad essere
adoperato entro taluni limiti di tensione
2014/30/UE Harmonization of the laws of the member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility
Riavvicinamento delle legislazioni degli Stati membri relative alla compatibilità elettromagnetica
Conformity to the Directives is assured through the application of the following standards:
La conformità alle Direttve è assicurata tramite l’applicazione dei seguenti standards:
Reference number Edition Description
Numero di riferim Edizione Descrizione
EN61010-1 2011-03 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use
Prescrizioni di sicurezza per apparecchi elettrici di misura, controllo e per uso in laboratorio
EN61000-6-4 2007-11 Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic emission standard, industrial environment
Compatibilità elettromagnetica - Norma generica sull’emissione, ambiente industriale
EN61000-6-2 2006-10 Electromagnetic compatibility - Generic immunity standard, industrial environment
Compatibilità elettromagnetica - Norma generica sull’immunità, ambiente industriale
EN61000-4-3 2007-04 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing & measuring technique: RF immunity test
Compatibilità elettromagnetica - Tecnica di prova e misura: immunità ai campi irradiati
EN61000-4-6 2006-10 Electromagnetic comp. - Testing & measuring technique: immunity to conducted disturbance
Compatibilità elettromagnetica - Tecnica di prova e misura: immunità disturbi condotti RF
Reggio Emilia, April 2017
Marco Garuti - Gen Manager

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SG 524 Solid State Microwave Generator
Policy about Reduction on Hazardous Substances (RoHS) and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
(WEEE)
Law Reference
• Directive 2012/19/EU of European Parliament (WEEE)
• Decreto Legislativo D.L. n. 49 – 14/03/2014 (WEEE)
• Directive 2011/65/EU of European Parliament (RoHS)
• Decreto Legislativo D.L. n. 27 – 4/03/2014 (RoHS)
Risk Assessment on RoHS
SG524 Microwave Generator is RoHS compliant.
Important information to User about disposal, recycling, reuse of this electronic equipment at the end of its
useful life (WEEE Directive).
According to Directive 2012/19/EU this equipment is not included on the list of categories/products covered by the Directive (as
a matter of fact it does not perform a function alone, must be included into a larger process equipment and it’s for stationary use).
Nevertheless we invite the User to respect the following Directive rules:
• this WEEE is not a municipal waste and should be collected separately according to rules of your country
• the symbol means that this WEEE cannot be disposal in the same place and in the same way like municipal waste
• this WEEE may present risk for environment as well as for person in case of disposal in unauthorized place, due to
content of hazardous substances
• fordisposalofthisWEEEinunauthorizedareatheUsermaybechargedwithaneorprosecutedbylaw.
Rev. Revision note Date File
0 First emission December 2013 SG524_r0
1Description of frequency autotuning feature. Rev. of ON time speed characteri-
stics. Correction alarm code 1000 January 2014 SG524_r1
2 Corrections to the text, alarm table, software version May 2014 SG524_r2
3 Update norms. RoHS compliance declaration. Minor typing corrections. April 2017 SG524_r3

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SG 524
Contents
A
Alarm troubleshooting 14
B
Bit alarm table 10
C
CE Declaration 1
Cleaning 5
Components layout 13
Components List 13
Conn.# 1 wiring 10
Conn.# 2 wiring 11
Conn.# 3 accessories 10
Conn. #4 12
E
Environmental conditions 6
Equipment installation 5
Equipment ratings 5
F
Firmware upgrade 8
G
General description 4
General informations 3
H
Handling instructions 6
Handling warnings 4
How to order 16
M
Manual Commands 9
Meaning of external commands 7
Monitor signals 11
P
Physical characteristics 6
Physical dimensions 12
Power-up procedure 6
R
RoHS conformity 2
S
Software description 9
T
Technical assistance 16
W
Warnings 3
Wiring instructions 6
Working modes 7
General Informations
ThisequipmentsatisestheEuropeanStandardEN61010-1
With reference to EN 61010-1 standard, note:
thisappliancemustbeinstalledandservicedonlybyqualied
personnel.
The appliance must only be used by persons acquainted with
the regulations covering the application.
Theequipmentdescribedinthismanualhasbeenclassiedas
industrial,scienticandmedical(ISM)radio-frequencyequip-
ment and the related standard for the Electromagnetic distur-
banceistheEN55011(Industrialscienticandmedical(ISM)
radio-frequency equipment - Electromagnetic disturbance
characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement.)
With reference to Basic Standard EN55011, this equipment
is included into Group 2 (Microwave generators, Thyristor
command equipment, Welding equipment, Induction heating
equipment or machine, Microwave industrial oven, etc.), Class
A (industrial environment): for this reason this equipment shall
not be used in the residential, commercial and light-industrial
environment.
The SG 524, when properly installed, complies with the limits
of radio disturbance characteristic of a Group2, Class A equip-
ments as stated by EN55011.
WARNINGS & SAFETY RULES
The SG524 is powered by main line: read this manual care-
fully before using. Be sure of correct connections and use.
The SG 524 is a microwave generator producing near
500W at 2.45 GHz at its output on a coaxial socket.
People must not be exposed to microwave energy which
may be given off by the output socket for improper use
or misconnection.All microwave connections, couplings,

NEVER operate the generator without the connection
to a cavity, NEVER operate it without a load to absorb
microwave energy.
Failure to comply with the instructions enclosed in this
manual may involve considerable risks for the staff respon-
sible for checking and using the equipment, as well as the
risk of general malfunctions of the equipment itself.

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SG 524 Solid State Microwave Generator
Handling Warnings
The SG524 has two handles on the front panel to help
unpacking and handling operations: never use only the
handles to lift the equipment but support the weight with
an appropriate base on bottom!
The handles do not withstand the off-center weight of the
equipment ( kg 14= 31 lbs).
General Description
The SG524 is a solid state generator able to provide up to 450
W at the frequency of 2450 MHZ (2.45 GHz) and is powered
through a wide input AC/DC power supply with input range
from 120 to 230 Vac.
The output power can be adjusted continuously, from 1%
up to 100%, using an external analog signal from 0.1 to
10Vdc,orbyremotecontrolthrougheldbusinterfaceorby
manual commands (depending from equipment version: see
next table).
The genetor offers the capability to adjust the output fre-
quency over a total range of +/- 50 MHz with respect the
nominal frequency of 2450 MHz.
The SG524 is built in a self-ventilated 19” wide rack, 2 HE
high, with a front panel including a graphic display: the rear
panel carries connectors for an easy set-up.
As of today the SG 524 is offered in two versions:
- the “Display” version with front panel manual commands
and PLC interface to control by I/O: it carries also one USB
standard port, which allows to drive/read data from the unit
with a simple software (like our “Front Panel” software distri-
buted freely).
- the “Bus” version (vers. 1) which implements an industrial
businterface(likeCANopenorModbus/TCPorProbus),
allowing connection of multiple devices on the same bus.
SG 524 Versions Overview
MODELABBREV. BUS DISPLAY
Version no. 1 2
External Control (PLC) possible possible
LED Panel Indicators n.a. n.a.
Local Commands (Manual) possible 
Graphic Interface  
Network Control n.a.
USB Control (possible, not a default set-
ting) n.a. 
Frequency control (ISM band range)  
Front and Rear Panel Layout
(In the following descriptions the numbers in brackets [ n ] refer to
numbers in the annexed drawing).
The front panel of version 2 “Display” contains:
- Main Switch 0-1 [1]
- the User interface: Graphic Display, three push-buttons [2]
and a rotaing knob [3]
ESC allows moving from one page to another,
TAB (the button with the arrow) to scroll down the selection,
ENTERtoconrmtheselection.
Knob allows to modify a value when this is enabled.
- a standard USB port [4]
For a detailed description see the chapter “Manual Com-
mands” on next pages.
The manual commands are active only when the related
option is enabled: if it is not selected, then the unit can run
only with External commands.
24
3
8
1
Front
View
Rear
View
9 7 5
6

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SG 524
The rear panel comprises the followings:
- 3 pins socket for main supply (CONN #1, male) [6]
- a 7/16 Socket for RF output (CONN #3, female) [5]
- 25 pins “D” type socket for I/O signals (CONN #2,
female) [7]
- RJ 45 socket on ETHERNET-MODBUS TCP interface or
9 pins “D” type socket for CANOPEN/PROFIBUS interface
(only Version 1) [8]
- BUS address switches (only Version 1) [9]
Equipment maintenance
Cleaning
Cleaning of air inlet: verify once a month. In case you need
to remove dust then proceed as follow:
- remove main line from the unit
- remove the cover
- use pressurized air from inside to outside for short time: do
not exceed or you may damage the fan and/or smd compo-
nents.
- install the cover and then power-on again.
Equipment installation
The equipment cannot operate cantilevered, it must be put on
abenchorxedinsideacabinetbymeansofscrewsonthe
front panel (which is provided with 4 holes) and supported by
means of a proper frame on the bottom for, at least, 3/4 of the
total depth.
SG 524 Ratings & Specications
Description Units Value Function Note
Line input range
Input Current, max: Vac
Arms
120 ÷ 240
6.2 Power input, 50/60Hz @230V input, full power CONN #1, pin 1-2, ground pin 3 See wiring schematic
Transient Overvoltage Cat. II According IEC 664
Output power, max Wrf 450 Microwave power, range 2400-
2500 MHz ± 5% in matched condition ± 10% in unmatched condition
Electrical efciency (Out/In) Ref. 100% 32% Ref. 50% --> efciency 24%
Output power range: Wrf 9 ÷ 450 Adjustable range 2÷100% Max value differs at frequency band
limit
Output linearity: Wrf ± 5 Forward power (Displayed value vs
monitor signal)
Output stability: 1% For input uctuations within ±10%
Output frequency, nominal:
range: MHz MHz 2450 ±50 ISM band 2400÷2500 Adjustable by user
Enabling signal, digital input: Vdc +24
Range 8÷30 ON/OFF output & alarm reset Input Z: 10 kOhm CONN #2, pin 4. To reset alarm hold OFF for 2 seconds
Response time to full power (0-100%):
Response time to half power (0-50%):
Resp time (0-10%): msec 170
200
350 Pulsing capability Time calculated on the external
Enable signal
Response time to switch OFF: msec 5 Using Enabling signal
Switch OFF time for alarm msec 60 Alarm software driven; hardware
driven >10 msec Automatic shut-off
Reference signal, analog input: Vdc 0.2÷10 Power control 2÷100% CONN #2, pin 5. Ground pin 18
Input Z=50 kOhm
Alarm contact, general:
Contact rating: max voltage
max current: V mA 30 500
OPEN: Alarm state or powe OFF
CLOSED: OK CONN #2, pin 1-4
Alarm code, 4 bit contacts (0/1)
Contact rating: max voltage
max current V mA 30 100
Inform type of alarm with emis-
sion of 4 bit code
See relevant table
CONN #2, pin 8-21-9-22 (bit 0...3)
Common pin 13
Ready contact rating: max voltage
max current V mA 30 500 CLOSED when is ready OPEN not ready or Alarm state CONN #2, pin 24-12
Interlock contact: OPEN: Alarm, shut OFF outputs.
CLOSED: OK CONN #2, pin 10-23
Monitor signals, analog outputs (2): Vdc 0÷10 Monitors FW & REV PowerMax
current: 10 mA
See relevant schematic
CONN #2, pin 2-15 (1); pin 3-16 (2)
Designed for receiver impedance
>30 kOhm (for accuracy <1%)
Voltage output (internal generator) Vdc +24 Auxiliary voltage generator, unre-
gulated, for user interface CONN #2, pin 20. Max current: 100 mA

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SG 524 Solid State Microwave Generator
Environmental & Physical Characteristics:
Use: Indoor use only, within industrial
enclosure
Working temperature range 5÷40°C [41÷104°F], Min-Max
ambient temperature
Altitude design criteria: for altitude up to 2.000 m
Working Humidity range 80% RH up to 31°C [88°F],
decreasing linearly to 50% RH
at 40°C [104°F]
Air cooling requirement, ow: m3/h 150 Inputs from sides and
front panel. Air clean from dust
Pollution degree: 2, complies with IEC 664
Total Weight: kg 14 [ 31 lbs).
Rack Dimensions, Panel Width:
Panel Heigth:
Length (Depth):
mm 480 [19”]
mm 90 [12.2 “ - 2HE/U]
mm 482 [19” ]
the I/O signals to the equipment. We suggest a
shielded ribbon cable. Refer to wiring diagram at
page 12.
V) The CONN# 4 is present only in version 1. The
typeofsocketdependsontheeldbusinterface:
- RJ 45 on Ethernet-Modbus TCP
 -9pin“D”onCANopen/Probus
VI) The USB on front panel is a standard serial
port, that can be used to upgrade the software from
a PC, or to retrive internal data through FrontPanel
GUI. Look the pin-out at page 12.
VII) The user must provide external cut-off
device, to protect the SG 524 from short-circuit
and thermal runaway; this external protection
device must also switch-off the main line for
maintenance operations.
VIII) The external circuit breaker must be a 2-pole
current limiter breaker and must comply the norm
EN61010-1.
IX) The external circuit breaker must be in close proximity of
the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.
X) The external circuit breaker must be marked as the discon-
necting device for the SG 524.
XI) The connector #1 must never be used as a switch-off
device.
Failure to comply with these instructions may involve con-
siderable risks for the staff responsible for checking and
using the equipment, as well as the risk of general malfun-
ctions of the equipment itself.
Equipment operation
Power-up procedure
Before powering-up the equipment, double check to have pro-
perly connected it, (look at the chapter “Wiring Instruction”
for any doubt) then power on the unit through your external
contactor.
Once switched OFF wait at least two seconds before setting it
ON again.
The OFF state, between two consecutive ON state, must last
two seconds minimum.
The following description is valid for any versions, but with
the “Display” version the user will be updated of status
through the display messages.
At power on the unit enters into a “BOOTLOADER” state for
fewsecondstoallowrmwareupgrade,thenitgoesimmedia-
tely into “READY”.
In order to produce microwave and enter in “MW-ON”, the
Enable signal has to be set ON and then the reference signal
has to be set beyond the threshold of 1% (> 0.1 V): both
signals are available through the “D-SUB” CONN #2.
If any alarm is present, the unit remains in Alarm state until
the alarm is removed.
Handling instructions
The equipment weight is 14 kg (31 lbs). Always lift from the
bottom and use a rugged support to avoid personal injury and
damage to equipment itself.
In case of shipping, package with the original package or use
awoodencaseandaproperller:movementoftheequipment
inside the package must be avoided.
Warning for handling: use handles only for help during
installation. Never use handles to lift the rack: the handles
don’t withstand the off-center weight of the rack!
To lift always lean the rack over a proper supporting base.
Wiring instructions
The SG 524 must be installed and serviced only by quali-
edpersonnelacquaintedwiththeregulationscoveringthe
application. For safety operations the following rules must be
adopted:
I) The equipment must be grounded through the connector
#1 using pin 3 (see the wiring diagram at page 11).
II) The main supply must be provided through connector #1:
connect phases according to schematic at page 11, the con-
nector’s pins can house wires with gauge up to 4 mm².
Warning: this connector is not intended for live insertion
of the unit: an external breaker must always be provi-
ded, and the unit must be switched off before inserting/
unplugging of the connector.
III) The connector #3 is a standard, coax 7/16 socket
(female): use a proper coax cable to carry microwave
energy to your load (cavity).
-
tion, connector adaptors, and a transition coax to wave-
guide (WR 340 or 284 size).
IV) The “D” type female connector #2 has 25 pins and brings

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SG 524
The reset of the Alarm is done by setting the Enable command
OFF for two seconds.
In absence of alarms the power supply may be left in “Ready”
continuously: when it receives the enabling command (ON) it
enters into “MW-ON” state and generates output power, when
the enabling command is removed (OFF) the unit comes back
to “READY” state.
Working Modes
The behavior of the SG 524 depends on its “working status”:
it has several statuses with different meaning and functiona-
lity.Thelogicowofthesestatusesisshowedonthenext
whentheunitisswitchedon,duringthersttwo
seconds, the unit runs the bootloader, waiting for any serial
rmwareupdatedata.Afterthat,iftherearenotalarms,the
unit goes in Ready status, otherwise it goes in Alarm status if
an alarm is present. It is a temporary status at Power On.
 it’s a waiting state. The unit waits for the enabling
command to generate microwave.
The unit may last in this state as long as needed: it exits auto-
matically in case of alarm. It goes to next “MW-ON” status
when the enabling command is set ON and the reference
signal is > 1%
 starts microwave emission at the presetted power
level.
The unit exits from this mode in case of:
* the enabling command is set OFF: enters into Ready state,
or
* the reference signal goes below the 1%: enters into Ready
state,
or
* ALARM presence: the unit goes to Alarm status
 when an alarm condition is present the unit will
remain in this status. To exit from Alarm the Enabling com-
mand must be set OFF for 2 seconds and the alarm condition
should be removed.
There is an exception. Due to the characteristic of the alarm,
the “Power Supply Undervoltage” alarm needs a switch off of
the unit in order to be reset. See Alarm Troubleshooting table
at page 15 for the complete alarm list and relative codes.
Meaning of external commands.
LINE BREAKER 0-1: in pos. 1 the unit goes in POWER ON.
The line switch can be freely switched off at any time.
POWER SET: it’s an analog input value and has the meaning
of “desired percent” of the full output power (450W)
When this value is lower than 0.2 Vdc the unit does not gene-
rate any output power, when over that threshold it generates
microwave power proportional to this signal value (at the
condition Enable signal is ON).
The scaling is 45W/V. It can be controlled:
- by the knob located in the front panel during the manual
mode;
- via usb serial connector, with the dedicated software, in
remote mode;
-viaeldbusmoduleinremotemode(forSG524vers.1
only);
- by an analog signal (0-10Vdc) on CONN #2 pin 5 (+), pin
18 (ground), using as voltage source pin 7 (+10 V)
POWER ENABLE: it’s a digital input located on pin 4 CONN
# 2, has value ON/OFF. It must be ON to go in MW-ON
status and generate microwave energy. It can be set OFF at
any time.
OPERATING FREQUENCY:it is a control parameter. It can
be set automatically if the Automatic Tuning is enabled, or
manually otherwise. If the Automatic Tuning is disabled the
frequency can be set
- through the display in manual mode, or
-viasoftwarethroughtheUSBserialportortheeldbus
module (the latter option only for SG 524 vers. 1). It can not
be set in external mode using a signal.
AUTOMATIC TUNING: it is a feature of the unit based on a
patented algorithm (US patent 6,020,794).
Due to the possibility to change the operating frequency,
the user can tune his system choosing between two modes.
The automatic tuning can be enabled either by the display
in manual mode or via software in remote mode. Once the
automatic tune is enabled the software performs the algorithm
when the unit goes in MW-ON status and it runs until a status
changing occurs. The goal of this function is to perform a real
time tuning of the load even if it changes continuously.
REVERSE POWER ALARM THRESHOLD: Threshold can
besetbytheuserinordertolimitthereectedpower.This
threshold can be set freely by the user, depending on the pro-
cessrequirement.Theunitcanbearatotalreectioncondition

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SG 524 Solid State Microwave Generator
for a maximum time of xxxx minutes. It can be set through
displaycommand(andviaeldbusforvers.1)
INTERLOCK FUNCTION: managed by CONN#2 pin 10-23
It is an external chain of contacts, that must be closed to have
the internal relay closed (ON condition= OK); in OFF state
the unit goes in Alarm.
Firmware upgrade
The software stored on the CPU can be upgraded to a newer
version using the USB port on the unit, connected to a PC.
Important remark: at power-on, even if a software is already
stored, the microprocessor enters a “BOOTLOADER” status,
lasting 2 seconds, during which it is possible to overwrite,
through the serial USB port, the stored code.
If no new code is loaded within 2 seconds, the previously
stored one is run.
To upload a new program through the bootloader, simply
connect the SG 524 USB port to the PC USB port.
ThersttimeyoumustinstalltheUSBdriverthroughWindows
Update. During this operation the unit has to be switched OFF.
OncethePCdetectsthedevicethermwareofSG524canbe
upgraded.
No external switch must be operated, and the unit does not start
until the new program is stored, but be sure no enable signal is
active when upgrading.
TheupgradeofthermwareembeddedintheSG524is
released as a “.zip” archive named “program_name.zip”.
Unpacking the .zip archive you generate:
- a directory named “program_name” containing the micro
code to be loaded,
- an executable program named “SendApplicationProgram.bat
”- and the loader “sRecLoad.exe”.
Once unpacked the .zip program
- enter in the folder “program_name”,
- switch-on the SG524
- run whithin 2 seconds the program
“SendApplicationProgra-m.bat” (which launches
sRecLoad.exe application)
(This is the maximum time that the microprocessor bootloader
waits for new code to be loaded).
In case the program sRecLoad.exe sends data whithin 2
seconds, the microprocessor bootloader stores the new data
on the internal ash memory, installing the new release, and
automatically executes it when the download is done.
Manual commands (for vers. 2 “Display”)
The SG 524 version 2 (Display version) can also be opera-
ted manually via the front panel commands. Some of the SG
524’sparameterscanonlybemodiedthroughthefrontpanel
commands.
The status of the equipment and all the relevant information
can be seen on the graphic display. The following layout
describes the various pages shown on the display, and their
logical link:
S
t
a
t
u
s
t
r
a
n
s
i
t
i
o
n
LOGO
SG524
READY
ALARM
MW ON
DISPLAY
INFO
SG524 rev.1.00
on xxx h MW xxx h
MODE
PARAM
FREQUENCY
R/F
PARAM
FREQUENCY
TUNING
PARAM
THERESHOLD
R/F
PARAM
REV POWER
TAB
TAB
TAB
TAB
TAB
TAB
TAB
ENTER o
Status transition
S
t
a
t
u
s
t
r
a
n
s
i
t
i
o
n
E
S
C
ESC
ESC
ESC
ESC
ESC
ESC
ESC
ESC
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
Status = ALARM
Status = MW ON
ESC
Status = READY
0
1
2
3
45
6
7
8
9
10
11
5
S
t
a
t
u
s
t
r
a
n
s
i
t
i
o
n
N.B.:
Pages 0 and 1 are temporary
Pages 2 and 4 refer to a status condition

File: SG524_r3eng - April 2017 -Technical note: SG 524 page 9 of 16
PM 250
SG 524
in EXTERNAL the power is controlled only by reference
signal 0-10V (to be supplied on the signal connector) and
inREMOTEthereferencevalueissetthroughtheeldbus
module.ConrmtheselectionwithEnter.
[8] PARAM Frequency: on this page you can set the ope-
rating frequency if the manual tuning is set. If automatic
tuning is set you will only be able to visualize the frequency
value. You can also see a moving bar which refers to the ratio
between Reverse/Forward power (R/F xx%).
[9] PARAM Frequency Tuning: moving the front panel knob,
you can choose between the Manual tuning mode and the
Automatic tuning mode.
The term “Tuning” in this context is used for the searching
for a working frequency, within the permissible band from
2400 MHz to 2500 MHz, exhibiting the lowest ratio between
ReverseandForwardPowergures(Rev/Forworsimply
indicated as R/F).
Selecting Manual Tuning you will have the possibility to
change the frequency from the previous menu PARAM Fre-
quency [8].
With Automatic Tuning the algorithm we have implemented
willndthebestfrequencyoutofthebroadrangeoffrequen-
cies for that cavity.
As an example see the next drawing, where a hypothetical R/F
curveisplotted:thealgorithmisabletondfrequencypoint
“A” a where the lowest R/F ratio is. It will stay there even if
point “B” also represents an optimal frequency, but not the
lowest, regardless of the starting frequency, which could be
anywhere on the spectrum.
The unique given conditions to reach point “A” are
- ratio R/F greater than 10%
- ratio at point “B” smaller than 2% if compared to the maxi-
mum R/F ratio. If larger than 2% the algorithm may decide to
“converge” and stabilize the frequency around this point.
Therstfrequencyfromwhichtheautotuningstartsisthe
last frequency, set manually and at which the generator was
running before entering into autotune mode.
The user may adjust the various parameters, via three buttons
and a rotating knob on the front panel, as follows:
- ESC button: used to return back to previous page without
saving
- TAB (arrow) button: moves to the next page
- Enter button:conrmstheselectionhighlightedonthe
display. When in MW ON status (see next description) pres-
sing the Enter button stops the emission of microwaves and
returns the unit to READY mode (performs the same function
as removing the Enabling command)
- Adjust Knob: rotate to move the selection within the
displayed page or change the parameter(+/-)
Following is the explanation of the various pages. The number
enclosed in brackets [ ] refers to the small number associated
to names of pages in the previous layout.
[0,1]: At POWER ON the unit shows the Logo, its name and
software version for a moment and then enters into READY
state [2]. You can exit from this page in two ways:
- adjusting the power reference with the front panel knob,
or external/remote command, and going to MW ON [3] state.
(What you see on this page depends on what you have set on
the DISPLAY [5] page);
- by pressing the ESC button you can go to DISPLAY page.
Here you can decide what you want to see (which parameters)
on MW ON page.
[2, 3, 4] These are the same READY, MW-ON, ALARM
modes as described in the previous chapter “Working Modes”.
[5] DISPLAY: on this page you can decide which type of para-
meter is displayed in MW ON mode. Selectable parameters:
- the Reference signal (0-100%)
- the Internal Unit Temperature (°C detected inside the unit)
- the Forward Power (Wrf, detected at the output)
- the Reverse Power (Wrf, detected at the output)
- the Frequency (MHz, set on “PARAM Frequency” [8])
- the REV/FWD ratio
[6] INFO: this page shows the last alarm that occured, the sof-
tware version the generator is running, the total working hours
of the unit in MW ON and READY states.
[7] MODE: with the knob you may select to run the unit in
MANUAL or EXTERNAL or REMOTE. In Manual mode the
output power is adjusted using the rotating knob on the panel,
A B
0
max
% R/F
10%
<2%
2.4 GHz 2.5 GHzf

page 10 of 16 File: SG524_r3eng -April 2017 - Technical note: SG 524
PM 250
SG 524 Solid State Microwave Generator
Thetimeittakesbythealgorithmtondthebestfrequency,
withthelowestR/Fgure,dependsonthedistancebetween
thecurrentandthenalfrequency,aswellasthecomplexity
of the R/F shape.
In the worst case it should not exceed 10 seconds, but it may
take as little as a second or less.
To shorten the tuning time you may have to select manually a
frequencyclosertotheexpectednalfrequency(e.g.running
theautotunearsttimewiththepurposetogetthisinfofor
the next trial).
[10]PARAM Threshold R/F: moving the front panel knob,
you can set the threshold of the ratio Rev Power/Forw Power
which has an effect on theAutomatic Frequency Tuning, when
this is enabled.
If the current R/F value is below the above “Threshold R/F”
the autotuning has no effect.
TheactualR/Fgureiscomputedevery200mseconds.We
suggesttosetanumberhigherthan10%.Withsmallergure,
and a cavity with low Q factor, the system may not be able to
reachaxedfrequency.
[11]PARAM Reverse Power Max: moving the front panel
knob, you can set the limit of the reverse power before the
alarm.Theunitcanbearatotalreectionconditionfora
certain time, but be careful: in case of heavy standing wave,
the generator may be overloaded with the sum of both forward
andreversepower,andpartsofthecircuitonthenalpower
combiner, as well as the coaxial socket may be damaged.
Software release
Release no.PSU version Note
2.00 v.2 “Display” Compatible with Front
Panel Vers. 7.20
2.01 v.2 “Display” Update of internal para- meters:max rev thre-
shold 300W
2.02 v.2 “Display” Update of the Alarms
codes’ table
2.03 v.2 “Display” Update of the MOS cur-
rents’ alarms
2.04 v.2 “Display” & v. 1 “Field-
Bus”
Update of Bus communi-
cation protocol
2.10 v. 2 & v. 1 New CPU
Note*: the last alarm occured is permanently stored
by the CPU , even in absence of main line, and can
be veried using the Front Panel software (vers. 7.20
and over)
Description BIT 3
[22] BIT 2 [ 9] BIT 1 [21] BIT 0 [ 8]
Power Module
Overtemperature 0000
Reverse Power Alarm 0001
Power Module Alarm (PLL) 0010
Internal Safety Relay
Malfunction 0011
Power Supply Undervoltage 0100
AC/DC Power Supply
Overtemperature 0101
Internal Overload (M1) 0110
Internal overload (M2) 0111
Interlock Alarm 1000
not implemented 1 0 0 1
not implemented 1 0 1 0
not implemented 1 0 1 1
not implemented 1 1 0 0
not implemented 1 1 0 1
Communication Interrupted 1110
Bus Communication Failed 1111
Table of Alarm Codes
The alarms are also coded with a number that is emitted on the
4 bit outputs provided on CONN #5 (see the relevant schema-
tic at page 12).
The following is the table with the indication of the codes.

File: SG524_r3eng - April 2017 -Technical note: SG 524 page 11 of 16
PM 250
SG 524
Connector # 1 wiring
Conn # 3: RF Coax Accessories
The 7/16 type female connector #3, installed on the rear panel, is the microwave output of the SG 524. To carry the microwave
energy from the generator to the cavity/applicator we may offer several accessories, including a coax cable with length on
request.
Pos. Description Part Number Note
1 7/16 M-F Right Angle Plug MWCOAX7/16L
2 Coax Cable 1/2” with 7/16 Plugs, l= 1m 441384810/1 Preferred size, other length on request, max 2 m
Coax Cable 7/8” with 7/16 Plugs, l= 1m 441384811/1 Other length on request, max 4 m
3 Transition 7/16 to WR340 MWR26-COAX7/16L Aluminum construction. Flange R26 style
Transition 7/16 to WR284 MWR32-COAX7/16L Aluminum construction. Flange R32 style
Notethatthetwocablesareonlysligthlyexibleandcanbepartiallyshaped.Thesecablearedesignedforstationaryinstallation
only, can not be used on a mobile set-up.
Coax cable
type Nominal size [inches] Attenuation dB/1 m @ 2450 MHz Avg Power @ 2.450 MHz Outer Diam Jacket mm [“] Min Bend Radius, multiple bends, mm [“]
RF5012 1/2 0.121 0.63 kW 13.8 [0.54] 125 [5]
RF5078 7/8 0.069 1.30 kW 27.5 [1.08] 254 [10]

page 12 of 16 File: SG524_r3eng -April 2017 - Technical note: SG 524
PM 250
SG 524 Solid State Microwave Generator
Connector # 2 wiring
MONITOR SIGNALS
On the “D” type fermale connector #5, installed on the rear panel of the PSU, there are two monitor signals, in the
range 0 - 10Vdc (pin 2 and pin 3, ground on pin 15 and 16 respectively)
Forward and Reverse Power Monitor CONN. #2 LOCATION
Forward Power Wrf : 1 Vmon= 45 W Pin no. 2 (return on pin #15)
Reverse Power Wrf : 1 Vmon= 45 W Pin no. 3 (return on pin #16)
Note: if you don’t have,
or don’t use, any external
safety contact, you must
provide a jumper connec-
tion between 10&23, as
depicted on schematic,
or the unit will remain in
alarm condition (INTER-
LOCK Alarm)

File: SG524_r3eng - April 2017 -Technical note: SG 524 page 13 of 16
PM 250
SG 524
Connector # 4 for eldbus
(vers. 1 only)
The Connector #4 is present only on version “Fieldbus”
(vers.1):thetypeofeldbuscanbedifferent,shouldbe
speciedattimeoforder,andisbasedonaninterfacedevice
named “AnyBus CompactCom” (*) manufactured by HMS
Industrial Network (**): for general information consult http:
//www.anybus.com.
Commoneldbusthatweinstallare:Modbus/TCP,Probus,
CanBus, etc.
Forspecicdocumentontheprotocolandrelatedtechnical
information search for product type “Anybus CompactCom”.
As a consequence, the style of the connector can be different.
InthetwodrawingsaredepicttheProbusconnector
(Miniature D style, 9 pins) and the Modbus/TCP connector
(Ethernet style, RJ45).
RefertospecicdocumentationsavailableonHMSwebsite,
Anybus Compact Com section, or ask our Application Note
for the protocol implemented.
Each SG 524 generator must be associated to an address: the
two digital rotating switches must be used, the left switch sets
the tens, the right sets the units.
Depending from interface and protocol used, the address may
besetbysoftwaretoo:refertothespecicdocumentation.In
this case the rotary switches should be set with address “00”.
F1
F2
ATTENZIONE:
COLLEGARE AL MORSETTO DI TERRA DELLA TESTA
IL MANCATO COLLEGAMENTO PUO’CAUSARE PERICOLO DI MORTE!
WARNING:
CONNECT TO THE GROUND POINT OF THE HEAD
ABSENCE OF PROPER GROUNDING MAY CAUSE DEATH!
Rear-sm1250.cdr
lunedì 4 febbraio 2008 19.12.46
Profilo colore: Disattivato
Composito
Probus interface
(SG 524...1PROF)
Modbus/TCP interface (SG
524...1MTCP)
Note: if you don’t have, or don’t use, any external safety con-
tact, you must provide a jumper connection between 10&23,
as depicted on schematic, or the unit will remain in alarm
condition (INTERLOCK Alarm)
Note:
* AnyBus logo, HMS logo, AnyBus CompactCom name are register
trademark of HMS Industrial Networks AB
** HMS Industrial Networks AB, Stationsgatan 37, 302 45 Halmstad
Sweden
Address switches & connector layout
SG 524 Overall Dimensions
CONN #4
CONN #4

page 14 of 16 File: SG524_r3eng -April 2017 - Technical note: SG 524
PM 250
SG 524 Solid State Microwave Generator
Component list
Pos. Q.ty Description P/N Note
1 1 Socket 7/16 (assembled on Power Amplier pos 12) Female
1 Plug 7/16, right angle, M-F MWCOAX7/16L To be ordered separately
2 1 Line input connector, socket CPC 3 pins, female MOCPC03/2060362 CONN #1
1 Plug * for CONN # 1 (included on Plug Set) MOCPC03/
3 1 Connector Sub-D type, 25 pin, female CONN #2
4 1 AC/DC power supply 120-240V, 32 V out PLRSP200032
5 1 Anybus CC interface (Probus, Modbus,...) PLAB62xxx SG524 vers 1
6 1 Signal interface board 800000521
7 1 CPU/User interface board 800000516/D
8 1 Front Panel, assembly with cover lm
9 1 Air Filter, honey comb mesh and frame 462702019
10 1 Line breaker with lever IGH22641300219M1
11 3 Fan 24Vdc, 132 mc/h VE8214JN
12 1 Solid state power amplier 450W 80SG05244
Layout of main components(cover removed)

File: SG524_r3eng - April 2017 -Technical note: SG 524 page 15 of 16
PM 250
SG 524
ALARM TROUBLESHOOTING *
Note*: the last alarm occured is permanently stored by the CPU, even in absence of main line, and
can be veried using the Front Panel software (vers. 7.20 and over)
Code Description Cause/Solution
0001 Power Module Over
Temperature
a) Check if the fans are working or the rear of the air is obstructed
(heatsink ns side)
b) Check also the inlet openings for the incoming air ow.
c) Reduce ambient temperature
If the alarm persist, contact the service
0010 Reverse Power
Alarm The reected power has reached the alarm threshold. Set higher
threshold or start the automatic tuning to deacrese the reected power.
0011 Power Module Malfunction
(PLL)
Alarm linked to internal frequency generator. The CPU turns off the power
module automatically. After the alarm reset operation, the CPU turns
on the power module and checks possible alarms. If the alarm persist,
contact the service.
0100 Internal Safety Relay
Malfunction
The internal safety relay could have been damaged (i.e by a shortcircuit
on the contact)
Try to restart the unit. If the alarm persist, contact the service.
0101 Power Supply
Undervoltage
The AC/DC power supply could have been damaged. Try to restart the
unit. If the alarm persist, contact the service.
Note: to reset the alarm you have to turn off the unit.
0110 AC/DC Power Supply
Overtemper.
The fans of the AC/DC psu are not working properly and/or the ambient
air condition is too hot. Let the unit cool down, run at lower power, replace
fans if failed
0111 Internal
Overload (M1) The circuit M1 has reached the limit current. Try to reset and restart at
lower power. If the alarm persist, contact the service.
1000 Internal
Overload (M2) The circuit M2 has reached the limit current. Try to reset and restart at
lower power. If the alarm persist, contact the service.
1001 Open Interlock Check interlock contact (OPEN = Alarm, closed = OK)
1010 Communication
interrupted Alarm engaged only when the SG is run throught the serial port and no
valid character is received within time out

page 16 of 16 File: SG524_r3eng -April 2017 - Technical note: SG 524
PM 250
SG 524 Solid State Microwave Generator
How to order
Solid State Microwave Generator: SG524E.yyyjb, where:
yyy: contact yr mks representative upon
selection of the custom unit;
j(version code): vers. 0: n.a.
vers. 1: “Fieldbus”
vers. 2: “Display” & manual commands
b(eldbustype): MTCP: Modbus-TCP
CAN: CanOpen
 PROF: ProbusDP
I.e.:
SG 524E.ALT2 means generator Display version;
SG 524E.ALT1MTCP means generator version with Modbus-TCP bus
interface
Accessories:
Plug set: p/n 44SET524
(contains plugs for Conn #1 and #5 only)
Coax Plug, right angle, 7/16 M-F: p/n MWCOAX7/16L
Coax cable, length 1 m, 1/2”: p/n 441384810/1M0
Same as above, 2 m: p/n 441384810/2M0
Cable set for input line and signals only: p/n 441384524
Waveguide to coax transition,
WR340to7/16,angeR26: p/nMWR26-COAX7/16L
WR284to7/16,angeR32: p/nMWR32-COAX7/16L
MKS Alter reserves the right to improve or modify this products, at any
time, without obligation to notify any person or entity of such changes.
No part of this publication may be reproduced without the express writ-
ten consent of MKS.
All rights reserved.
Technical Assistance:
MKS Alter Italy
42122 Reggio Emilia - ITALY
Tel: ++39 0522 553 820; fax ++39
0522 553 577
Web: www.altersystem.com