MTW Belarus 90 User manual

BELARUS
90/92
90 – 0000010 РЭ
OPERATING
MAINTENANCE
WORK-SHOP MANUAL
2008
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The present operating manual has been compiled by I.N. Korobeinik, engineer of MSDB of
MTW, with participation of the leading specialists of Main Specialized Design Bureau of Minsk
Tractor Works RUE.
Executive Editor — I.N. Uss, Director of the Scientific and Technical Center
Chief designer
Publications Assistant— O.N. Natalevich, head of Design Bureau
Tractors Belarus 90/92 Operating manual.
Operating manual contains brief description and specification of tractors Belarus 90/92
manufactured by Minsk Tractor Works. Principal rules of machine operation are set forth, data on
their adjustments and maintenance are provided.
The manual is intended for tractor drivers, operating Belarus tractors.
Due to policy of MTW PA aimed at constant updating of items being manufactured, changes,
which are not reflected in present edition, can be made in the design of some assembly units and
parts of Belarus tractor.
Some technical data and figures given in this book may differ from actual ones on your tractor.
Dimensions and values of mass are approximate (given for reference). For detailed information
please contact your Belarus dealer.
General note: References “left” or “right” in the present manual are made from a viewpoint of an
observer, staying behind a tractor that is moving forward.
© Minsk Tractor Works RUE, 2008
All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced or copied, in whole of in part, without
written permit of Minsk Tractor Works RUE.
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FOR THE ATTENTION OF OPERATOR!
1. Before tractor operation thoroughly study the present operating manual and strictly follow its
requirements.
2. Use seasonal diesel fuel according to the manual. Reduce engine oil change intervals in half,
if the diesel fuel contains up to 1% of sulfur.
3. Avoid engine idle running for more than 15 minutes.
4. Remember that engine starting is possible only when transmission lever is in its extreme left
position (in on-position of I or II gear range).
5. During the tractor operation without application of rear PTO, install a shifting lever of
separate dual-speed PTO drive into I position (540 rpm), lever of separate - synchronous PTO
drive into neutral (center) position, and control lever into “PTO off” position (see section
“Controls and Instruments”).
6. Apply synchronous drive of rear PTO, when driving speeds of tractor unit don’t exceed 8
km/h. Otherwise serious damages can occur in tractor power train.
7. Operate the tractor on direct drive only when high gear range (II range) is engaged.
8. Tractor cab is equipped with one-place seat and only operator should sit there.
9. When the tractor is shipped from the works some tractor components are placed into SPTA
box, tool box or cab. You should perform their mounting on the tractor by yourself.
10. When putting new storage batteries in service remove the sealing film from air inlets and cut
away bosses on polyethylene plugs.
11. Avoid tractor operation when clutch coupling is engaged or not completely disengaged.
12. When driving tractor away from rest make sure that parking emergency handbrake is
released.
13. When using tractor without cardan shafts, set FDA selector lever into “forced” position.
14. Do not operate the tractor in indoor areas without required ventilation (air exchange).
Exhaust gases can lead to fatal outcome.
15. It is strictly prohibited to tow the tractor with front wheels raised up. Failure to observe this
rule may result in FDA drive breakdown and emergency situation.
16. It is prohibited to raise front part of tractor using towing shackle. Use the shackle for towing
only.
17. The works are constantly working on tractor development. In this connection the changes,
which are not reflected in the present edition, can be made in design and operating rules of its
separate components.
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БЕЛАРУС-90/92 Содержание
4
CONTENTS
FOR THE ATTENTION OF OPERATOR 3
INTRODUCTION 7
Accepted abbreviations and legend 8
International symbols 9
Section A. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 11
- General provisions 11
- Safety requirements during tractor operation 11
- Safety requirements during maintenance 12
- Safety requirements in operating and maintaining electrical equipment 13
- Hygiene requirements 13
- Fire safety requirements 13
Section B. TECHNICAL DATA 14
- Weight and overall dimensions 14
- Serial numbers of tractor components 14
- Engine and its systems 17
- Technical data of assembly units 18
- Gearbox 19
- Rear axle 22
- Wheels 25
Section C. CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS 26
- Controls and instruments 26
- Starter and instruments switch 27
- Self-contained instruments 28
- Fuses 29
- Electrical equipment connection elements 30
- Gear box control 31
- Front driving axle control 32
- Selector of separate dual-speed PTO drive 33
- Control of hydraulic system pump 33
- Control of hydraulic system distributor 33
- Compressor control 34
- Steering wheel position change 34
- “Belarus” seat 35
Section D. OPERATION INSTRUCTION
- Preparation of tractor for operation 36
- Running in 36
Engine starting 37
- Starting at standard conditions 37
- Starting at low temperatures (+4°Сand lower) 38
- Starting procedure at low temperatures 38
- The beginning of tractor movement 39
- Tractor stop 40
- Engine shutdown 40
- Hydraulic system 40
- Steering 40
Section E. GANGING UP 41
- Attachments for connection of agricultural machinery to tractor 41
- Rear hitch attachment 42
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- Mounting machinery on tractor 44
- Towing-hooking device TSU-1Zh 49
- Front ballast weights 50
- Mechanism for hitch retention in transport position 50
- Control of hydraulic system and hitch attachment without draft control unit 51
- Specific character of tractor operation with machines that require driving
from rear PTO 51
- Operation with trailers and trailed machines 53
- Application of auxiliary tractor equipment 54
- Tires 55
- Liquid ballast 59
- Installation of doubled rear wheels 60
Section F. ADJUSTMENTS 61
-Front track adjustment. Steering booster without hydraulic cylinder in
steering linkage 61
- FDA with bevel gear speed reducers. Steering booster without cylinder in
steering linkage 62
- Adjustment of front wheels toe-in of the tractors with steering booster 63
- Rear track adjustment 64
- Adjustment of rear PTO control linkage 65
-Adjustment of release levers position 68
-Adjustment of trailer hook control linkage 68
-Adjustment of rear axle differential lock control (tractors with steering booster) 69
-FDA cardan drive adjustment 69
- Adjustment of tapered roller bearings of directive wheels of Belarus-90 tractors 70
Section G. SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE 71
- Categories of tractor maintenance 71
- Maintenance when preparing tractor for running-in 71
- Maintenance during running-in 72
- Maintenance upon completion of running-in (30 working hours) 72
- Maintenance table 73
- Every 10 working hours or daily 76
- Fulfill foregoing maintenance operations plus following operations every
125 working hours 78
- Fulfill foregoing maintenance operations plus following operations every
500 working hours 84
- Fulfill foregoing maintenance operations plus following operations every
1000 working hours 94
- Fulfill foregoing maintenance operations plus following operations every
2000 working hours 102
- General maintenance 104
- Seasonal maintenance 104
- Tractor maintenance in special operating conditions 105
- Lubrication table 106
- Refill capacities 107
- Adjusting parameters of fuel pumps on stand 108
Section H. POSSIBLE MALFUNCTIONS AND REMEDIES 109
- Engine 109
- Clutch 110
- Main gear of rear axle 110
- Brakes 111
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БЕЛАРУС-90/92 Содержание
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- Rear PTO 111
- Front driving axle 111
- Steering 112
- Hydraulic lift linkage 113
- Electrical equipment 114
Section I. TRACTOR TRANSPORTATION AND TOWING 115
Section J. TRACTOR STORAGE 116
Section K. DISPOSAL OF TRACTOR 120
Annex L. Wiring Diagram 121
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Introduction Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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INTRODUCTION
Wheel universal row-crop tractors Belarus 90/92 fall into the drawbar category 1.4 and
are designed for executing wide range of agricultural works ranging from tillage to
harvesting and transport operations; they can be used in forestry and municipal services,
construction and industry.
The present operating manual contains design features description, brief technical data,
recommendations on the operation and maintenance of tractors Belarus 90/92:
BELARUS -90/92 (4х2) and (4х4) with diesel engine D243.1 (61.0 kW/2200 rpm),
mechanical gearbox with reduction gear, doubling the number of gears, FDA (72-).
Re-equipment and alteration of tractor design without approval of the manufacturing
works are forbidden.
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Introduction Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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Accepted abbreviations and legend
CC — clutch coupling
DL —differential lock
FDA — front driving axle
GB — gearbox
GP — glow plug
HLL — hydraulic lift linkage
HPS — Hydrostatic Power Steering
LOHE — liquid-to-oil heat exchanger
M — maintenance
ОЕСD — Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (ОЕСD)
PCU — preheater control unit
PTO —power take-off shaft
RG — reducing gear
RHA — rear hitch attachment
SB
—
storage battery
SCU — starter control unit
TDACS — tilling depth automatic control system
TDC —top dead center of the engine piston
TSU — towing-hooking device
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Introduction Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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International symbols
The manufacturer uses standard International symbols related to the application of
instruments and controls.
Symbols and their meanings are given below.
—See Manual —Control operating direction
—Brake —Fast
—Parking brake —Slowly
—Horn —Forward
—Hazard warning light —Reverse
—Fuel —Battery charging
—Cooling liquid —Cab dome light
—Starting preheater plug —Marker lights
—Engine speed —Turn signal
—Engine oil pressure —Headlights High beam
—Engine coolant temperature —Headlights Low beam
—Off/Stop —Operating headlights
—On/Start —Differential lock
—Gradual change
—Power take-off shaft is
engaged
—Lever — down —Front driving axle is
engaged
—Lever — up —Fan
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Introduction Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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—Control valve spool "Lift"
Position —Windshield washer
—Control valve spool "Drop"
Position —Windshield wiper
—Control valve spool "Float"
Position —Rear screen wiper
—Oil pressure in gearbox —Tractor trailer turn signal
—Air pressure on pneumatic
system —Oil pressure in HPS
—Air filter clogging
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Section A. Safety precautions Belarus – 90/92 – Operating manual
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Section A. Safety precautions
Strict observance of safety precautions
and precise abidance by tractor control
and maintenance directions guarantee
complete safety of its operation.
Safety requirements during tractor
operation
Attention! Stay always inside the
cabin in operator’s seat during diesel
start up and controls manipulation.
л
General instructions
• Carefully study operator’s manual
before using the tractor. Insufficient
knowledge of tractor operation and
maintenance may be the cause of
accidents.
• The tractor can be operated only by
specially trained and qualified
specialists.
• If tractor is provided with seat belt, use
it during operation. If tractor is not
equipped with seat belt, address your
dealer.
• Tractor cabin is single-seater; presence
of a passenger is inadmissible.
• Keep all warning plates tidy. If plates
are damaged or lost, replace them with
new ones.
• Before starting the work carefully
examine the tractor, trailed machine.
Start the work only being sure they are
fully operational. Trailed agricultural
machines and transport trailers must be
provided with rigid hitches, excluding
their swaying and rear-end collision
with the tractor during transportation.
• Before starting the engine, parking
brake should be engaged, gear-change
lever should be in “neutral” position,
PTO lever should be in “disengaged”
position.
• Before starting movement warn people
around and those working on trailed
machines with a horn.
• Do not leave the moving tractor.
• Before leaving the cabin disengage
PTO, shut down the engine, engage
parking brake, pull out starter switching
key and switch off battery disconnect
switch.
It is prohibited to disable the system of
electrical equipment with battery
disconnect switch until the engine
stoppage.
• Do not operate the tractor within
indoor area not properly ventilated.
Exhaust gases may be the cause of
fatal outcome!
• When malfunction appears immediately
stop the tractor and correct the trouble.
• If engine or steering fails, immediately
stop the tractor. Remember that when
engine is shut down much higher effort
has to be applied to the steering wheel.
• Do not work under agricultural
implements lifted up. During long-term
stops do not leave mounted implement
in lifted position.
• If the front part of the tractor drives off
the ground when mounting heavy
machines and implements, install front
ballast weights.
• When operating with front loader fill
rear tires with liquid ballast.
• Before lifting up or lowering down
mounted agricultural implement, as well
as when turning, make sure that there is
no danger of brushing against anybody
or hit against any obstacle.
• During transport travel with attached
machines or implements always use
mechanism for hitch retention in the
lifted position (for tractors with self-
contained actuating cylinder).
• Cardan shaft, transmitting rotation
from tractor PTO to working members
of the unit, should be guarded.
• Make sure any additional equipment
or auxiliary devices are properly
installed, and that they are meant to be
used with your tractor. Remember, that
if not properly operated, your tractor
may be dangerous both for you and
other persons. Do not use equipment
not intended for installation on your
tractor.
• In order to avoid overturning take
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Section A. Safety precautions Belarus – 90/92 – Operating manual
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care when running the tractor. Choose
safe speed, corresponding to road
conditions, in particular during cross-
country terrain driving, driving across
ditches, slopes and at sharp turns.
• When operating on slopes expand
tractor wheel track to maximum.
• Do not turn sharply under full load and
at high travelling speed.
• When using tractor for hauling
operations:
- Increase tractor wheel track at least to
1800 mm (70’’);
- Interlock brake pedals, check and, if
necessary, adjust brakes for
synchronous action;
- Check parking brake operation;
- Check the state of light and audible alarm
devices;
- Transport trailers should be provided
with rigid hitches and also be coupled
by means of safety chain or pull rope;
- Never move down the hill with gear
disengaged (coasting). Move in one and
the same gear both uphill and downhill;
- It is prohibited to operate the trailer
without stand-alone brakes, if its mass
exceeds the half of total actual tractor
mass. The faster you move and the
larger the mass being towed, the larger
safe distance should be;
- Disengage FDA to avoid excessive
wear of drive parts and tires;
- Do not use rear axle DL at speed over
10 km/h and when turning;
- Do not stop the tractor on slopes. If the
stop is necessary, put into the 1st gear and
engage the parking brake.
• When operating PTO driven
equipment, after the engine stoppage
before leaving the cabin and
disconnecting the equipment make sure
that PTO drive end is fully stopped.
• Do not wear loose clothes when
operating PTO or in the vicinity of
rotating equipment.
• When operating PTO driven stationary
machines, always engage the parking
brake and block rear wheels fore and aft.
Make sure the machine is securely fixed.
• Make sure that PTO drive end guard
is installed and, if PTO is not used,
place the cap of PTO drive end into its
position.
• Do not make cleaning, adjustment or
service of PTO driven equipment with
running engine.
Safety requirements during
maintenance
• Never fuel the tractor with engine
running.
• Do not smoke when fuelling a tractor.
• Do not fill in fuel tanks to the full. Leave
some space for fuel expansion.
• Never add gasoline or other mixtures
to diesel fuel. Such combinations may
create enhanced inflammability or explosion
hazard.
• Use summer and winter grades of fuel
properly. Fill in the fuel tank at the end
of each day to reduce night-time
moisture condensation.
• Fill in the tractor only with oils and
lubricants recommended by the works.
It is strictly prohibited to use other
lubricants!
• Perform all operations related to
cleaning of engine and tractor,
preparation for work, maintenance
etc. with engine shut down and tractor
braked.
• The cooling system is functioning
under pressure, which is maintained by
means of a valve installed in the filling
neck cover. It is dangerous to remove
cover on the hot engine. To avoid
burns of face and hands be careful to
open the plug of radiator neck on the
hot engine. First, put tight cloth on the
plug and put on a gantlet.
• To avoid burns take care when
draining cooling fluid from the cooling
system, hot oil from the engine,
hydraulic system and transmission.
• Take care when handling storage
batteries, as electrolyte may cause
burns when splashed on skin.
• To avoid danger of explosion keep
open flame sources away from engine
fuel system and storage batteries.
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Section A. Safety precautions Belarus – 90/92 – Operating manual
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• Keep tractor and its equipment,
especially brakes and steering
equipment, in operable condition for the
safety of your own and people around.
• Do not make any alterations to the
tractor or its individual components
without approval of your dealer and
manufacturing works.
Safety requirements in operating
and maintaining electrical
equipment
• To avoid damage of semiconductor
devices and resistors take the following
precautions:
- do not disconnect SB terminals with
running engine. This will result in peak
voltage in the charge circuit and
inevitable damage of diodes and
transistors;
- do not disconnect electrical wiring
until the engine is shut down and all
electrical switches are off;
- do not cause short-circuit due to
wrong wiring connection. Short-
circuiting or wrong polarity will cause
damage of diodes and transistors;
- do not connect SB to the electrical
equipment system until polarity of
terminals and voltage is checked;
- do not check electric current ‘by spark”,
as this will immediately lead to
transistors’ break-down.
Hygiene requirements:
• During continuos work during the shift
for over 2.5 hours, it is necessary to use
individual noise protection means under
GOST 12.4.051-87 (earplugs,
earphones)
Fire safety requirements
• Tractor has to be equipped with
firefighting equipment – a shovel and
fire extinguisher. It is prohibited to
operate the tractor without firefighting
equipment.
• Sites of tractors’ parking and storage
of fuels and lubricants must be plowed
around for a 3m width at least and
equipped with fire fighting means.
• Do not allow staining of collector and
muffler with dust, fuel, straw, etc.
• Do not allow winding of straw on
rotating parts of machines ganged up
with tractor.
• When washing parts and assembly
units with kerosene and gasoline, take
measures to prevent inflammation of
washing liquid vapors.
• Do not allow tractor operation in fire
hazardous place places with hood and
other protective devices being taken off
the heated engine parts.
• Do not use open flame for heating oil
in the engine pan and burning stains in
the radiator core.
• When flame source appears, cover it
with sand, canvas cloth, sacking or some
other tight cloth. Use carbon-dioxide fire
extinguisher. Do not pour water on
burning fuel.
• Avoid highly inflammable materials
close by outlet manifold and muffler
when the engine is running.
• When harvesting hay or straw,
working in the places with enhanced fire
hazard, use at the exhaust system the
spark blowouts completed with muffler
or separately.
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Section B. Technical data Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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Section B. TECHNICAL DATA
Weight and overall dimensions
Description 90 92
АLength, mm, general (with loads)
without loads
alon
g
wheels
4120
3840
3650
4120
3930
3740
ВWidth
,
mm 1970 1970
СHei
g
ht
,
mm 2780 2800
D Wheel base
,
mm 2370 2450
F Rear wheels s
p
an
,
mm 1400 - 1600 1800 - 2100
E Front wheels s
p
an
,
mm 1350 - 1850 1400 - 1960
G Road clearance
,
mm 465 465
Tire size: front wheels/rear wheels 9.00-20,
9.00R20/
15.5R38
11.2-20,
11.2R20/
15.5R38
Service weight, kg 3460 3690
Numbering of tractor components
Tractor nameplate with serial tractor and
engine numbers
.
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Section B. Technical data Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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Serial tractor number is duplicated on the
front right-side longitudinal (or on the
right-side of front ballast loads).
Serial diesel number (is duplicated on the
name plate on the name plate of diesel
fixed to the cylinder block right side.).
Number of clutch casing (on the right-side
of the clutch casing)
Number of gear box (on the left side
of the gear box casing).
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Section B. Technical data Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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Number of transmission (on the back axle
casing from behind).
Number of front driving axle (on the
casing from the front).
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Section B. Technical data Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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Diesel engine
Diesel engine model D-243.1
Type 4-stroke, in-line, with natural aspiration
Number of cylinders 4
Method of mixture formation Direct fuel injection
Compression degree (calculated) 16
Diameter of cylinder,mm 110 (4,32)
Piston stroke,mm 125 (4,92)
Displacement volume, l 4,75 (290)
Firing order 1-3-4-2
Cooling system fluid
Rated speed, rev/min 2200
Maximum rotational speed,
rev/min 2380
Minimum rotational speed,
rev/min 600
Rated power, kW 61
at 2200 revolutions per minute
Maximum torque, Nm (kgf·m) 296,9 (30,3) at 1400 revolutions per minute
Clearance between inlet and outlet
valve and rocker on cold diesel, mm 0,25…0,30
Advance angle of fuel injection to
UDC , degrees 20±1/16±1
Fuel injection pressure MPa
(kgf/cm2) 21,6…22,4 (220…228)
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Section B. Technical data Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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Diesel fuel supply system
Type: combined, with oil cooler
Minimal oil pressure:
0,08 МPа(0,8 kgs/cm2) at 600 rev per
min.
Safe oil pressure:
0,2…0,3 MPa (2…3 kgs/cm2).
Maximal pressure on the cold diesel:
up to 0,6 MPa (6 kgs/cm2).
Lubrication system capacity: 12 l.
Brands of motor oil:
- from -40°Сto +5°С: М-8DМ; М-8G2,
М-8G2Кor М43/8G2(SAE-20,
SAE 10W-20);
- from +5°Сto +50°С: М-10DМ; М-
10G2; М-10G2К(SAE-30);
- all-season oil: SAE 15W-40.
Feed system of diesel
Fuel pump: four-plunger, in-line, with
booster pump.
Regulator: mechanical, all-mode.
Fuel filters: coarse filter and fine filter
(disposable element filter
FT 020 - 1117010).
Fuel mark: diesel: in summer
L-0.2-40, L-0.5-40; in winter З-0.2, З-
0.5.
Fuel capacity: 120 l.
Air cleaner: combined, with dry
centrifugal air purification)
Oil bath capacity of air cleaner: 1,5 l.
Steering control
Hydraulic booster type: hydro
mechanical
Steering gear: worm screw, helical
sector and steering booster.
Pump cell: gear pump
NSh10–3–Л.
Pump capacity: 21 l/min.
Maximum working pressure in the
system: 9,0±0,05 MPa.
Oil grades:
- from -40°Сto+5°С: М-8DM; М-8G2,
М-8G2Кor М43/8G2(SAE-20, SAE 10W-
20);
- from +5°Сto +50°С: М-10DM; М-
10G2; М-10G2К(SAE-30);
- all-season oil: SAE 15W-40.
Adjustment revision of steering
wheel:
·tilt steering wheel – from 25° to 40°
with locking in 5°;
·height clearance – in the range 100
mm.
Free play of steering wheel – not more
than 25°.
Diesel engine starting system
Electric starter 12 V.
Diesel cooling system
Type: enclosed, with forced fluid
circulation, temperature control using
thermostat Normal operation
temperature from 80°Сto 100°С.
Cooling system capacity is 20 l.
Clutch
Type: Dry, friction, one-disk.
Mechanical drive, closed-circuit
Driven disk diameter: 340 mm.
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Section B. Technical data Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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Gear box
Type (basic kitting), 9/2 mechanical,
back-geared.
Rated speed of tractor movement in km/h at tractor BELARUS 90/92
(with tires 15.5R38)
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Section B. Technical data Belarus – 90/92 Operating manual
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Picture. а, бGear box:
1 — screw of countershaft; 2 - countershaft; 3 — main
drive shaft; 4 — driven gear of back gear; 5 — gear
box casing; 6 — cup of main drive shaft; 7 — sliding
gear wheel of 4-5-th gears; 8 — sliding gear wheel of
3-th gear; 9 — crutch flute; 10 — main shaft; 11 —
ball; 12 — deck of gear box; 13 — filler plug; 14 —
trunnion ball; 15 — gear-change lever; 16 — rubber
boot; 17 — pin; 18 — frame; 19 — roller of frame; 20
— ball switch; 21 — switch ВК 12 - 51; 22, 23 —
adjusting shims; 24 — screw of main shaft; 25 — axle
drive gear; 26 — driven gear of II gearing pass; 27,
28 — conical rolling bearing; 29 — impeller; 30 —
cluster of internal shafting; 31 — bronze plug; 32 —
shafting; 33 — roller bearing; 34 — bronze plug; 35 —
axle drive gear of II gearing pass; 36 — axle drive
gear of I gearing pass; 37 — idler gear.; 38 — roller
bearing; 39 — driven gear of 3 gearing pass; 40 —
driven gear of 4 gearing pass; 41 — idler gear of
reverse; 42 — axis of idler gear; 43 — driven gear of
5 gearing and reverse pass; 44 — bearing; 45 — front
cluster of internal shafting; 46 — idler gear of back
gear; 47 — switching roller of reduction gear; 48 —
lever; 49 – idler gear; 50 — plug; 51 — thrust ring; 52
— cover gasket; 53 — left cover of side door; 54 —
spring ring; 55 — driven gear of speed reducer
switcher; 56 — driven gear of 5 gearing and reverse
pass; 57 — sliding gear of 1 gearing and reverse
pass; 58 — shafting of 1 gearing and reverse pass; а
— trust collar.
Back gear
Back gear of tractor is destined for additional
speed line required for work with agricultural
machinery.
Back gear is disposed between clutch and
gear box. On the force shafting of clutch is
splint mounted movable coupling gear clutch.
When the gear clutch engages by means of
shift mechanism with drive reduction gear,
placed on force shafting, it means, that the
back gear is switched on. When the gear
clutch engages with driven gear 4 (pic. a),
mounted on splines of main draft shaft of gear
box, it means, that back gear is switched off.
Both gears are in constant mesh with idler
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