Navman Jupiter 110 User manual

LA000504D © 2006 Navman New Zealand. All rights reserved. Proprietary information and specications subject to change without notice.
Related documents
• Jupiter 110 Product brief LA000511
• Low Power Operating Modes application
note LA000513
• Navman NMEA reference manual
MN000315
• SiRF Binary protocol reference manual
Jupiter 110
Integrated GPS Sensor
Module
Data Sheet/
Integrator’s Manual
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LA000504D © 2006 Navman New Zealand. All rights reserved. Proprietary information and specications subject to change without notice.
Contents
Related documents................................................................................................. 1
1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 4
2.0 Technical description ....................................................................................... 4
2.1 Receiver architecture.................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Major components of the Jupiter 110 ........................................................................... 5
2.3 Product applications..................................................................................................... 5
2.4 Physical characteristics................................................................................................ 5
2.5 Mechanical specication .............................................................................................. 5
2.6 Environmental .............................................................................................................. 5
2.7 Compliances................................................................................................................. 6
2.8 Marking/serialisation .................................................................................................... 6
3.0 Performance characteristics ........................................................................... 7
3.1 TTFF (Time To First Fix)............................................................................................... 7
3.1.1 Hot start ................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.2 Warm start............................................................................................................ 7
3.1.3 Cold start .............................................................................................................. 7
3.2 Acquisition times .......................................................................................................... 7
3.3 Battery backup ............................................................................................................. 7
3.4 Power management ..................................................................................................... 7
3.4.1 TricklePower mode ............................................................................................... 7
3.5 Differential aiding WAAS/EGNOS................................................................................ 8
3.6 Navigation modes......................................................................................................... 8
3.7 Core processor performance ....................................................................................... 8
3.8 Dynamic constraints..................................................................................................... 8
3.9 Position and velocity accuracy ..................................................................................... 8
4.0 Electrical requirements .................................................................................... 9
4.1 Power supply ................................................................................................................ 9
4.2 RF sensitivity................................................................................................................ 9
4.2.1 Internal patch antenna.......................................................................................... 9
4.2.2 External RF connector ......................................................................................... 9
4.3 Data input/output levels...............................................................................................10
5.0 Interfaces......................................................................................................... 10
5.1 External antenna connector ........................................................................................10
5.1.1 External antenna voltage .....................................................................................10
5.2 External I/O connector ................................................................................................11
5.2.1 I/O connector signals...........................................................................................11
5.2.2 I/O connector description....................................................................................11
6.0 Software protocol ........................................................................................... 12
6.1 NMEA output ...............................................................................................................12
6.2 Navman NMEA low power mode messages...............................................................12
6.2.1 Low power conguration .....................................................................................12
6.2.2 Low power acquisition conguration...................................................................13
6.3 Navman NMEA active antenna status message.........................................................13
6.4 SiRF binary output ......................................................................................................13
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Tables
Table 3-1: Acquisition times................................................................................................ 7
Table 3-2: Jupiter 110 processor performance................................................................... 8
Table 3-3: Position and velocity accuracy.......................................................................... 8
Table 4-1: Operating power for the Jupiter 110 .................................................................. 9
Table 4-2: RF sensitivity at patch antenna ......................................................................... 9
Table 4-3: RF sensitivity at external RF connector ............................................................ 9
Table 4-4: Input/output voltage levels ...............................................................................10
Table 5-1: External antenna characteristics ......................................................................10
Table 5-2: Module I/O pinouts ...........................................................................................11
Table 5-3: I/O connector part numbers .............................................................................11
Table 6-1: NMEA default settings......................................................................................12
Table 6-2: Low power modes message values .................................................................12
Table 6-3: Low power acquisition input values..................................................................13
Table 6-4: Antenna status output message values ...........................................................13
Table 10-1: Jupiter 110 ordering information .....................................................................16
Figures
Figure 2-1: Jupiter 110 architecture .................................................................................... 4
Figure 2-2: Application example......................................................................................... 6
Figure 5-1: Pinout I/O connector .......................................................................................11
Figure 9-1: Jupiter 110 mechanical layout .........................................................................15
7.0 Mounting option .............................................................................................. 14
8.0 Product handling............................................................................................. 14
8.1 Packaging and delivery ...............................................................................................14
8.2 ESD sensitivity ............................................................................................................14
8.3 Safety ..........................................................................................................................14
8.4 RoHS compliance .......................................................................................................14
8.5 Disposal ......................................................................................................................14
9.0 Jupiter 110 mechanical layout ....................................................................... 15
10.0 Ordering information .................................................................................... 16
11.0 Glossary and acronyms................................................................................ 16
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LNA
patch
antenna
RTC crystal
serial data in
serial data out
+ power in
GND
RTC backup
battery
backup
RFIC
TCXO
bandpass
lter
2.8 V
regulator
baseband
processor
Flash
memory
1.8 V
regulator
voltage
detector
BOOT CMOS serial IO
external
antenna
sense
external
antenna
input
reset
voltage
detector
antenna
switch
4
LA000504D © 2006 Navman New Zealand. All rights reserved. Proprietary information and specications subject to change without notice.
1.0 Introduction
The Jupiter 110 sensor module is based on the SiRFstarIIe/LP navigation engine and provides
OEMs with an ideal integrated solution for cost effective GPS based navigation and tracking
systems.
The module continuously tracks all satellites in view and uses enhanced ltering to provide
fast and accurate positioning information, even in dense urban environments. The sensor
combines advanced performance, compact form factor and very low current consumption in an
economically priced package.
2.0 Technical description
The Jupiter 110 module provides a 12-channel GPS receiver and patch antenna in an open
board design that is compact, versatile and easy to adopt. The Jupiter 110 is available in four
congurations:
• Jupiter 110 (standard) – GSW2 navigation software
• Jupiter 110R – supports an external RF antenna
• Jupiter 110S (high sensitivity) – XTrac positioning software
• Jupiter 110RS – XTrac positioning software and external RF antenna support
The Jupiter 110 variants can be mounted externally or internal to a wide variety of devices,
including PDAs, smartphones, hand-held radios and data terminals.
Protocols supported are selected NMEA (National Marine Electronics Association) data
messages and SiRF binary. The default setting is NMEA-0183 (v2.2).
2.1 Receiver architecture
The functional architecture of the module receiver is shown in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-1: Jupiter 110 architecture
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2.2 Major components of the Jupiter 110
Antenna: The antenna receives the GPS signals.
LNA (Low Noise Amplier): This amplies the GPS signal and provides enough gain for the
receiver to use a passive antenna. A very low noise design is utilised to provide maximum
sensitivity.
Bandpass lter (1.575 GHz): This lters the GPS signal and removes unwanted signals caused by
external inuences that would corrupt the operation of the receiver.
RFIC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit): The RFIC (SiRFstarII GRF 2i/LP), and related
components, convert the GPS signal into an intermediate frequency, and then digitise it for use
by the baseband processor.
TCXO (Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator): The highly stable 24.5535 MHz
temperature compensated crystal oscillator is required as the reference for the local oscillator.
Stability in this frequency is required to achieve a fast TTFF (Time To First Fix).
Baseband processor: The SiRFstarII GSP 2e/LP processor is the main engine of the GPS
receiver. It runs all GPS signal measurement code, navigation code, and other ancillary routines,
such as power saving modes. The normal I/O of this processor is via the serial port.
Flash memory: The Flash memory stores software and also some long term data.
RTC (Real Time Clock) crystal: The 32 kHz crystal operates in conjunction with the RTC inside
the baseband block, and provides an accurate clock function when main power has been
removed.
Regulators: The regulators provide a clean and stable voltage supply to the components in the
receiver.
2.3 Product applications
The module is suitable for a wide range of integrated OEM GPS design applications such as:
PDAs and smartphones with integrated navigation
custom navigation and tracking equipment
on-board equipment for eet management
Figure 2-2 shows an example of a personal navigation system based on a Pocket PC, with the
integrated sensor module housed inside a custom ip-up enclosure.
2.4 Physical characteristics
The Jupiter 110 is an open frame structure on a single PCB, with patch antenna mounted on the
upper surface and the GPS receiver components housed on the lower surface.
2.5 Mechanical specication
The physical dimensions of the Jupiter 110 are as follows:
length: 39.0 mm
width: 34.0 mm
thickness (without external RF connector): 6.8 mm
thickness (with external RF connector): 8.3 mm
weight: 11 g
2.6 Environmental
The environmental operating conditions of the Jupiter 110 are as follows:
temperature: –40ºC to +85ºC
altitude: –304 m to 18 000 m
vibration: random vibration IEC 68-2-64
max. vehicle dynamics: 500 m/s
shock (non-operating): 18 G peak, 5 ms
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2.7 Compliances
The Jupiter 110 complies with the following:
Directive 2002/95/EC on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in
electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS)
CISPR22 and FCC: Part 15, Class B for radiated emissions
Automotive standard TS 16949
Manufactured in an ISO 9000 : 2000 accredited facility
2.8 Marking/serialisation
The Jupiter 110 supports a 128 barcode indicating the unit serial number. The Navman
13-character serial number convention is:
characters 1 and 2: year of manufacture (e.g. 06 = 2006, 07 = 2007)
characters 3 and 4: week of manufacture (1 to 52, starting rst week in January)
character 5: manufacturer code
characters 6 and 7: product and type
character 8: product revision
characters 9-13: sequential serial number
•
•
•
•
Figure 2-2: Application example
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3.0 Performance characteristics
3.1 TTFF (Time To First Fix)
TTFF is the actual time required by a GPS receiver to achieve a position solution. This
specication will vary with the operating state of the receiver, the length of time since the last
position x, the location of the last x, and the specic receiver design.
3.1.1 Hot start
A hot TTFF results from a software reset after a period of continuous navigation or a return
from a short idle period (i.e. a few minutes) that was preceded by a period of continuous
navigation. In this state, all of the critical data (position, time and satellite ephemeris) is valid
to the specied accuracy and available in SRAM.
3.1.2 Warm start
A warm TTFF typically results from user-supplied position and time initialisation data or
continuous RTC operation with an accurate last known position available. In this state,
position and time data are present and valid but ephemeris data validity has expired.
3.1.3 Cold start
A cold TTFF acquisition state results when position or time data is unknown. Almanac
information stored in Flash memory is used to identify previously healthy satellites.
3.2 Acquisition times
Table 3-1 shows the corresponding TTFF times for each of the acquisition modes.
Mode
J110/J110R J110S/J110RS
Typ 90% Typ 90%
TTFF hot (valid almanac, position, time & ephemeris) 8 s 12 s 8 s 12 s
TTFF warm (valid almanac, position & time) 38 s 42 s 38 s 40 s
TTFF cold (valid almanac) 44 s 55 s 45 s 56 s
re-acquisition (<10 s obstruction with valid almanac,
position, time & ephemeris) 100 ms 100 ms 100 ms 100 ms
Table 3-1: Acquisition times
3.3 Battery backup
The battery backup input line powers the RTC section of the baseband receiver. Supplying
power to this pin is required for normal operation and ensures that the RTC continues to operate
even when the main power is interrupted. Refer to Table 4-1 for the Jupiter 110 battery backup
supply voltages.
3.4 Power management
During normal operating mode the Jupiter 110 runs continuously, providing a navigation solution
at a maximum rate of once per second. This continuous mode provides no power saving. For
power saving, TricklePower mode can be set using NMEA or SiRF Binary messages.
3.4.1 TricklePower mode
The TricklePower mode can be enabled to reduce average power consumption. The main
power is supplied to the module continuously. An internal timer wakes the processor from
sleep mode. The module computes a navigation position x, after which the processor
reverts to sleep mode. The duty cycle is controlled by a user-congurable parameter.
If ephemeris data become outdated, the TricklePower mode will attempt to refresh the data
set within every 30 minute period, or for every new satellite that comes into view.
With TricklePower set to a 20% duty cycle, a power saving of 50% can easily be achieved
with minimal degradation in navigation performance.
In Adaptive TricklePower mode, the processor automatically returns to full power when signal
levels are below the level at which they can be tracked in TricklePower mode.
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If the ephemeris data become invalid, the RTC has the ability to self activate and refresh the
data, thus keeping the restart TTFF very short.
For further information about TricklePower refer to the Low Power Operating Modes
application note (LA000513).
3.5 Differential aiding WAAS/EGNOS
The Jupiter 110 is capable of receiving WAAS and EGNOS differential corrections. WAAS/
EGNOS improves horizontal position accuracy to <6 m 2 dRMS by correcting GPS signal errors
caused by ionospheric disturbances, timing and satellite orbit errors.
3.6 Navigation modes
The Jupiter 110 supports 3D (three-dimensional) and 2D (two-dimensional) modes of navigation.
3D navigation: the receiver defaults to 3D navigation when at least four GPS satellites are
being tracked. In 3D navigation, the receiver computes latitude, longitude, altitude, and time
information from satellite measurements.
2D navigation: when less than four GPS satellite signals are available, or when a xed altitude
value can be used to produce an acceptable navigation solution, the receiver will enter 2D
navigation using a xed value of altitude determined by the host. Forced operation in 2D mode
can be commanded by the host.
In 2D navigation, the navigational accuracy is primarily determined by the relationship of the
xed altitude value to the true altitude of the antenna. If the xed value is correct, the specied
horizontal accuracies apply. Otherwise, the horizontal accuracies will degrade as a function of
the error in the xed altitude.
3.7 Core processor performance
The standard Jupiter 110 with GSW2 software runs at a CPU clock speed of 12.28 MHz. Using
XTrac software (Jupiter 110S and 110RS), the clock speed increases to 24.5 MHz. An SDK
(Software Development Kit) is available from SiRF to customise the Jupiter 110 rmware. Using
the SiRF SDK the clock speed can be increased up to 49 MHz.
The processor performance of the Jupiter 110 is shown in Table 3-2.
Parameter J110/J110R J110S/J110RS
typical performance 2-3 MIPS 4-5 MIPS
peak performance 6-7 MIPS 8-9 MIPS
Table 3-2: Jupiter 110 processor performance
3.8 Dynamic constraints
The Jupiter 110 is programmed to lose track if any of the following limits is exceeded:
Velocity: 500 m/s max
Acceleration: 4 G (39.2 m/s/s) max
Altitude: 18 000 m
3.9 Position and velocity accuracy
Position and velocity accuracy of the Jupiter 110 are shown in Table 3-3, assuming full accuracy
C/A code. These values are the same in normal operation and when TricklePower is active.
Parameter J110/J110R J110S/J110RS
horizontal CEP 2.2 m 3.0 m
horizontal (2 dRMS) 5.5 m 6.0 m
vertical VEP 2.5 m 5.0 m
3D SEP 5.0 m 5.0 m
velocity 3D (2 sigma) 0.1 m/s 0.1 m/s
Table 3-3: Position and velocity accuracy
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4.0 Electrical requirements
4.1 Power supply
The module is designed to operate using the supply voltages shown in Table 4-1. These values
do not include external antenna current on the J110R and J110RS.
Parameter J110/J110R J110S/J110RS
input voltage 3.0 to 3.6 VDC 3.0 to 3.6 VDC
current (typ) at full power (3.3 VDC) 75 mA 85 mA
current (max) 100 mA 100 mA
current (typ) at 20% TricklePower 35 mA 60 mA
battery backup voltage 2.0 to 3.6 VDC 2.0 to 3.6 VDC
battery backup current (non-operating) <10 µA at 25ºC <10 µA at 25ºC
battery backup current (operating mode) 18 µA typ, 50 µA max 18 µA typ, 50 µA max
Table 4-1: Operating power for the Jupiter 110
4.2 RF sensitivity
4.2.1 Internal patch antenna
The RF sensitivity measured at the internal patch antenna is shown in Table 4-2.
Parameter J110 J110S
acquisition sensitivity 33 dBHz 30 dBHz
tracking sensitivity 25 dBHz 14 dBHz
navigation sensitivity 28 dBHz 17 dBHz
Table 4-2: RF sensitivity at patch antenna
4.2.2 External RF connector
The RF sensitivity measured at the external RF connector using a 21 dB gain amplier is
shown in Table 4-3.
Parameter J110R J110RS
acquisition sensitivity –135 dBm –138 dBm
tracking sensitivity –144 dBm –155 dBm
navigation sensitivity –141 dBm –154 dBm
Table 4-3: RF sensitivity at external RF connector
Note: The external antenna input requires additional signal gain in the external antenna.
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4.3 Data input/output levels
All communication between the Jupiter 110 and external devices is through the I/O (input/output)
connector. The I/O data is CMOS serial.
The I/O connector voltage levels measured at PWR_IN = 3 V are shown in Table 4-4.
Signals Parameter Value
TXD, RXD
& BOOT
VIH (min) 2.0 V
VIH (max) PWR_IN +0.1
VIL (min) 0.1 V
VIL (max) 0.8 V
VOH (min) at IOH 0.5 mA 2.0 V
VOH (max) PWR_IN
VOL (min) 0
VOL (max) at IOL –0.5 mA 1.0 V
Table 4-4: Input/output voltage levels
5.0 Interfaces
5.1 External antenna connector
The RF connector for the external antenna is an MMCX type jack straight connector. This
connector is available on the Jupiter 110R and the Jupiter 110RS.
5.1.1 External antenna voltage
DC power is supplied to the external antenna from the main power supply via the internal
antenna selection switch.
The external antenna characteristics are shown in Table 5-1.
Parameter External
antenna current Notes
internal patch antenna to external
antenna switchover threshold 5 mA
external antenna to internal patch
antenna switchover threshold 1 mA
reducing the external antenna current
from 5 to 1 mA will result in switchback
to the internal patch antenna
external antenna over current
latch threshold 80 mA
external antenna over current
reset threshold 200 µA
reducing the current from 80 mA to
200 µA, or no load, will result in the
DC supply being made available to the
internal patch antenna. To reset the
‘over current’ trip, remove power from
the unit for >3 s.
Table 5-1: External antenna characteristics
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