Netopia R5000 Product information sheet

Netopia
™
R5000 Series Routers
R5100 Serial Router
R5200 DDS Router
R5300 T1 Router
User’s Reference Guide

Copyright
©2000, Netopia, Inc.,
All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.
This manual and any associated artwork, software, and product designs are copyrighted with
all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws such materials may not be copied, in whole or
part, without the prior written consent of Netopia, Inc. Under the law, copying includes
translation to another language or format.
Netopia, Inc.
2470 Mariner Square Loop
Alameda, CA 94501-1010
U.S.A.
Part Number
For additional copies of this electronic manual, order Netopia part number 6160016-PF-02
Printed Copies
For printed copies of this manual, order Netopia part number TER5000/Doc
(P/N 6160016-00-02)

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Part I: Getting Started
Chapter 1 — Introduction..........................................................1-1
Overview....................................................................... 1-1
Features and capabilities ............................................... 1-1
How to use this guide .................................................... 1-2
Chapter 2 — Setting Up Internet Services .................................2-1
Finding an Internet service provider................................. 2-1
Unique requirements............................................ 2-2
Pricing and support.............................................. 2-2
Endorsements ..................................................... 2-2
Deciding on an ISP account............................................ 2-2
Setting up a Netopia R5000 Series account........... 2-2
Obtaining an IP address........................................ 2-2
Obtaining information from the ISP.................................. 2-3
Local LAN IP address information to obtain............ 2-3
Chapter 3 — Making the Physical Connections..........................3-1
Find a location............................................................... 3-1
What you need .............................................................. 3-2
Connect the router......................................................... 3-3
R5100 Serial....................................................... 3-3
R5200 DDS and R5300 T1................................... 3-3
Identify the connectors......................................... 3-4
Attach the cables................................................. 3-4
Netopia R5000 Series Router status lights...................... 3-5
Chapter 4 — Connecting to Your Local Area Network.................4-1
Overview....................................................................... 4-1
Welcome to the Netopia R5000 Series Router User’s Reference Guide . This guide is designed to
be your single source for information about your Netopia R5000 Series Router. It is intended to be
viewed on-line, using the powerful features of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The information display
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iv User’s Reference Guide
Readying computers on your local network....................... 4-1
Connecting to an Ethernet network.................................. 4-3
10Base-T............................................................. 4-3
Adding an external modem............................................. 4-4
Connecting to a LocalTalk network ................................. 4-5
Chapter 5 — Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard5-1
Before running SmartStart ............................................. 5-2
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard........... 5-3
SmartStart Wizard configuration screens............... 5-3
Easy option.......................................................... 5-4
Advanced option .................................................. 5-5
Sharing the Connection.................................................. 5-6
Configuring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT
computers........................................................... 5-6
Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers........ 5-10
Chapter 6 — Console-Based Management.................................6-1
Connecting through a Telnet session............................... 6-2
Configuring Telnet software................................... 6-3
Connecting a console cable to your router ....................... 6-3
Navigating through the console screens .......................... 6-4
Chapter 7 — Easy Setup...........................................................7-1
Easy Setup console screens........................................... 7-1
Accessing the Easy Setup console screens............ 7-1
The Serial Line Easy Setup configuration screen..... 7-3
The T1 Line configuration screen........................... 7-4
The DDS Line configuration screen........................ 7-5
Easy Setup Profile screen ..................................... 7-6
IP Easy Setup ...................................................... 7-7
Easy Setup Security Configuration ......................... 7-8

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Part II: Advanced Configuration
Chapter 8 — WAN and System Configuration.............................8-1
WAN configuration.......................................................... 8-1
Line configuration for a Serial line ......................... 8-2
Line configuration for a DDS line ........................... 8-3
Line configuration for a T1 line.............................. 8-4
Configuring Frame Relay................................................. 8-6
Easy Setup Frame Relay screens........................... 8-6
WAN Configuration Frame Relay screens................ 8-7
Frame Relay configuration..................................... 8-8
Frame Relay DLCI configuration........................... 8-10
Creating a new Connection Profile................................. 8-14
The default profile........................................................ 8-20
IP parameters (default profile) screen.................. 8-21
IPX parameters (default profile) screen ................ 8-22
Scheduled connections (switched async only) ................ 8-23
Viewing scheduled connections........................... 8-24
Adding a scheduled connection........................... 8-25
Set Weekly Schedule.......................................... 8-26
Set Once-Only Schedule...................................... 8-27
Modifying a scheduled connection....................... 8-28
Deleting a scheduled connection......................... 8-28
Connection accounting screens (switched async only) .... 8-29
System configuration screens ...................................... 8-32
Navigating through the system configuration screens...... 8-32
System configuration features............................. 8-33
Network protocols setup..................................... 8-34
Filter sets (firewalls)........................................... 8-34
IP address serving ............................................. 8-34
Date and time.................................................... 8-34
Console configuration......................................... 8-35
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)..... 8-36

vi User’s Reference Guide
Security............................................................. 8-36
Upgrade feature set ........................................... 8-36
Logging ............................................................. 8-36
Installing the Syslog client .................................. 8-37
Chapter 9 — IP Setup and Network Address Translation ............9-1
Network Address Translation features ............................. 9-1
Using Network Address Translation ................................. 9-3
Associating port numbers with nodes .................... 9-7
Advanced IP/IPX router configuration options................... 9-8
Connection Profiles........................................................ 9-8
Network Address Translation guidelines............... 9-11
IP setup...................................................................... 9-12
IP subnets......................................................... 9-16
Static routes...................................................... 9-18
IP address serving....................................................... 9-22
IP Address Pools................................................ 9-25
DHCP NetBIOS Options....................................... 9-27
MacIP (KIP forwarding) setup .............................. 9-29
Chapter 10 — IPX Setup.........................................................10-1
IPX features ................................................................ 10-1
IPX definitions ............................................................. 10-1
Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)..................... 10-1
IPX address....................................................... 10-2
Socket .............................................................. 10-2
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)....................... 10-2
Service Advertising Protocol (SAP)....................... 10-2
NetBIOS............................................................ 10-3
IPX spoofing....................................................... 10-3
IPX setup screen ......................................................... 10-3
IPX routing tables ........................................................ 10-5

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Chapter 11 — AppleTalk Setup................................................11-1
AppleTalk networks ...................................................... 11-1
AppleTalk protocol.............................................. 11-1
MacIP................................................................ 11-3
AURP................................................................. 11-3
Routers and seeding .......................................... 11-3
Installing AppleTalk ...................................................... 11-4
Configuring AppleTalk ................................................... 11-6
EtherTalk setup.................................................. 11-6
LocalTalk setup ................................................. 11-7
AURP setup ....................................................... 11-8
Chapter 12 — Monitoring Tools...............................................12-1
Quick View status overview .......................................... 12-1
General status................................................... 12-2
Current status ................................................... 12-3
Status lights...................................................... 12-3
Statistics & Logs......................................................... 12-4
General Statistics .............................................. 12-5
Event histories ............................................................ 12-6
Routing tables............................................................. 12-8
Served IP Addresses.................................................. 12-11
System Information.................................................... 12-13
SNMP....................................................................... 12-13
The SNMP Setup screen................................... 12-14
SNMP traps..................................................... 12-15
T1 Diagnostics .......................................................... 12-17
T1 Line Statistics and Diagnostics screen.......... 12-17
Web-based monitoring................................................ 12-20
System Information page.................................. 12-20
Frame Relay Statistics page.............................. 12-22
Connection Status page.................................... 12-23
Connect/Disconnect page................................. 12-24

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Router Budget Configuration page ..................... 12-25
Connection Budgets page................................. 12-26
Connection Budget Configuration page............... 12-27
Budget Statistics page ..................................... 12-28
Event History pages ......................................... 12-29
Chapter 13 — Security ...........................................................13-1
Suggested security measures....................................... 13-1
User accounts............................................................. 13-1
Dial-in console access.................................................. 13-3
Enable SmartStart/SmartView/Web server................... 13-4
Telnet access.............................................................. 13-4
About filters and filter sets ........................................... 13-4
What’s a filter and what’s a filter set?.................. 13-4
How filter sets work............................................ 13-5
How individual filters work................................... 13-7
Design guidelines............................................. 13-11
Working with IP filters and filter sets............................ 13-12
Adding a filter set............................................. 13-13
Adding filters to a filter set................................ 13-14
Viewing filter sets............................................. 13-18
Modifying filter sets.......................................... 13-19
Deleting a filter set........................................... 13-19
A sample IP filter set........................................ 13-19
IPX filters .................................................................. 13-23
IPX packet filters.............................................. 13-24
IPX packet filter sets ........................................ 13-25
IPX SAP filters.................................................. 13-27
IPX SAP filter sets ............................................ 13-29
Firewall tutorial.......................................................... 13-31
General firewall terms ...................................... 13-31
Basic IP packet components............................. 13-31
Basic protocol types......................................... 13-31

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Firewall design rules......................................... 13-32
Filter basics..................................................... 13-35
Example filters................................................. 13-36
Chapter 14 — Utilities and Diagnostics...................................14-1
Ping............................................................................ 14-2
Trace Route................................................................. 14-5
Telnet client................................................................. 14-6
Disconnect Telnet console session ............................... 14-7
Factory defaults........................................................... 14-7
Transferring configuration and firmware files with TFTP.... 14-8
Updating firmware.............................................. 14-8
Downloading configuration files ........................... 14-9
Uploading configuration files ............................. 14-10
Transferring configuration and firmware files with
XMODEM................................................................... 14-10
Updating firmware............................................ 14-11
Downloading configuration files ......................... 14-12
Uploading configuration files ............................. 14-12
Restarting the system................................................ 14-13
Part III: Appendixes
Appendix A — Troubleshooting..................................................A-1
Configuration problems .................................................. A-1
Console connection problems ............................... A-2
Network problems................................................ A-2
How to reset the router to factory defaults ...................... A-3
Power outages............................................................... A-3
Technical support .......................................................... A-4
How to reach us................................................... A-4
Appendix B — Understanding IP Addressing ..............................B-1
What is IP?.................................................................... B-1
About IP addressing....................................................... B-1

x User’s Reference Guide
Subnets and subnet masks .................................. B-2
Example: Using subnets on a Class C IP internet.... B-3
Example: Working with a Class C subnet................ B-5
Distributing IP addresses ............................................... B-5
Technical note on subnet masking......................... B-6
Configuration ....................................................... B-7
Manually distributing IP addresses ........................ B-8
Using address serving.......................................... B-8
Tips and rules for distributing IP addresses............ B-9
Nested IP subnets....................................................... B-11
Broadcasts.................................................................. B-13
Packet header types........................................... B-13
Appendix C — Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior...................C-1
Network configuration..................................................... C-1
Background................................................................... C-1
Exported services................................................ C-5
Important notes................................................... C-6
Configuration................................................................. C-7
Summary...................................................................... C-8
Appendix D — Binary Conversion Table......................................D-1
Appendix E — Further Reading..................................................E-1
Appendix F — Technical Specifications and Safety Information...F-1
Pinouts for Auxiliary port modem cable............................ F-1
Description.................................................................... F-3
Power requirements ............................................. F-3
Environment ........................................................ F-3
Software and protocols......................................... F-3
Agency approvals........................................................... F-4
Regulatory notices ............................................... F-4
Important safety instructions................................ F-6
Glossary..................................................................................GL-1