Oakley Sound SE330 User manual

Oakley Sound Systems
Stereo Ensemble – SE330
PCB Issue 2
User Manual
V2.0.3
Tony Allgood
Oakley Sound Systems
CARLISLE
United Kingdom

Introduction
This is the User Manual for the Stereo Ensem le SE330 module from Oakley Sound. This
document contains an overview of the unit and goes into some detail regarding the operation
of the module. It also contains the cali ration instructions.
For the Builder's Guide, which contains a asic introduction to the circuit oard and a full
parts list for the components needed to populate the oard, please visit the main project
we page at:
http://www.oakleysound.com/se330.htm
For general information regarding where to get parts and suggested part num ers please see
our useful Parts Guide at the project we page or http://www.oakleysound.com/parts.pdf.
For general information on how to uild our modules, including circuit oard population,
mounting front panel components and making up oard interconnects please see our generic
Construction Guide at the project we page or http://www.oakleysound.com/construct.pdf.
2

The Oakley Sound SE330
The Oakley SE330 is a 'mono in, stereo out' ensem le unit designed to mimic the ehaviour of
the multichannel chorus and ensem le units of late 1970s and early 1980s. The SE330 uses
four channels of ucket rigade delay (BBD) lines and four voltage controlled low frequency
oscillators (VC-LFO) to achieve a sound reminiscent of the Japanese string machines, guitar
chorus pedals and studio rack effects of yesteryear. Unlike the original devices the SE330
allows greater control over the modulation depths, speeds and waveforms, as well as featuring
a wet/dry control.
The SE330 features three asic modes:
Quad ensemble All four delay lines are operating in this mode – with two BBDs and two
VC-LFOs eing used for each stereo channel. This mode is at its most effective when the
wet/dry control is set to around 100% wet.
Stereo ensemble In this mode two BBDs are eing used, one per stereo channel. Each BBD
can e modulated y its own pair of VC-LFOs. This mode is very effective when the wet/dry
control is set to around 50%.
Dimension: Again, in this mode, two BBDs are eing used. But this time oth BBDs are
eing driven from the same pair of VC-LFOs. However, one of the BBDs will receive the
inverted outputs of the VC-LFO pair. Like mode 2, this mode is very effective when the
wet/dry control is set to around 50%.
The four VC-LFOs are made from four separate circuits. Two of the LFOs produce sine
waves and two of them produce triangle waves. The SE330 is wired so that each stereo
channel's BBDs are controlled y one set of triangle and sine wave LFOs. Each pair of similar
waveform VC-LFOs are controlled y one set of speed and depth pots. So one set of pots
controls the two sine wave LFOs and one set controls the two triangle wave LFOs. Each pair
of similar waveform LFOs will therefore track each other ut one is set to always run 20%
faster than the other.
An effective compander circuit reduces the inevita le noise created y the analogue delay lines
to a respecta le level. A peak LED lights when the input signal is getting too ig and
noticea le distortion would result.
Input and output level control pots are also provided to allow maximum flexi ility in dealing
with a variety of input signal levels. Both the input and output connections are alanced ut
can e used with un alanced connections if desired.
The power to the unit should e a regulated split supply of +/-12V to +/-17V. Power is
admitted onto the main circuit oard via a four way 0.156” (2.96mm) header of MTA or KK
type. The module can e powered y our own Rack Power Supply Unit (RPSU) or any other
MOTM compati le supply such as the Oakley PSU . Power consumption is +140mA and
-110mA at +/-15V
The printed circuit oard size is 198mm (width) x 234mm (depth).
3

Operating Instructions
INPUT LEVEL
The input level should e set so that the peak LED never lights continuously. The righter the
LED shines the more you are overdriving the unit and this is generally to e avoided. Ideally,
the peak LED should never come on in normal operation. Once the input level is set to the
correct point then the output level control can e adjusted to suit.
PEAK LED
This gives a visual indication of when the signal eing sent to the delay line circuitry exceeds
the recommended amount. As soon as the LED starts to glow the delay line circuitry will e
close to clipping and distorting. The level required to clip the delay lines varies with frequency
and the harmonic content of the signal. Brighter sounds, or ones of very high pitch, are more
likely to clip than low frequencies. For example; a static sine wave at 200Hz will clip at 3.6V
peak-peak. While at 2kHz clipping will start at 1.2V peak to peak.
TRIANGLE RATE
Controls the rate of the triangle wave low frequency oscillator (LFO). An LFO produces an
output signal that changes in voltage with a repeata le and periodic shape. The triangle wave
output rises at a constant rate, reaches an apex and then descends at the same rate as it went
up. Then at its lowest point it rises again and the process repeats itself. It is called a triangle
wave ecause when viewed on an oscilloscope the trace is made from a series of triangles.
TRIANGLE DEPTH
Controls the depth of the triangle wave modulation. The deeper the modulation the greater the
change in delay times the BBD lines exhi it. Quick changes in delay are heard as a change in
pitch y the listener. With a triangle wave the pitch changes can e quite severe as the
waveform changes direction.
4

SINE RATE
Controls the rate of the sine wave LFOs. A sine wave is similar to the triangle wave ut the
rises and falls in output voltage are more gentle. The waveform is more akin to natural
resonances slowing down efore it changes direction.
SINE DEPTH
Controls the depth of the sine wave modulation. Sine waves produce a more natural sounding
pitch change when they modulate a BBD.
BALANCE
This adjusts the mix etween the unaffected signal and the one coming from the delay line or
lines. DRY is the unaffected signal while WET is the delayed signal.
MODE SWITCH
This sits etween the two right most pots and is key to understanding what the modulation
section of the SE330 does. It has three positions; dimension, stereo and quad.
There are four ucket rigade delay lines in the SE330. Each side of the stereo signal has two
dedicated BBDs and each BBD has its own driver circuitry which controls the delay imparted
y the BBD. These driver circuits are modulated with low frequency oscillators. Thus each
LFO can alter the delay time exhi ited y the BBD it controls.
There are four LFOs in the SE330 ut they are not connected so that one LFO controls its
own BBD. This should work well ut in practice it doesn't give the sound of the classic
Japanese string machines and effects units that we want to hear. So the SE330 does something
much more complicated and, in doing so, can mimic most of the well known ensem les units
of the past.
Dimension Mode
This is the simplest of the SE330's three modes. Only two BBD lines are used in this mode,
one for the left hand channel and one for the right. The mono input is shared equally to each
BBD's input. Each BBD produces a similar delay when not modulated so that the sound from
oth left and right is more or less the same. Two LFOs, one whose output is a triangle wave,
the other, whose output is a sine wave, are used as modulation sources. The rate and depth of
each LFO is controlla le from the front panel controls. Both BBDs are modulated y the sum
of oth LFOs. That is, oth LFOs control oth BBDs together. However, there is one
important difference etween the modulating signals that are sent to each BBD. The BBD that
affects the right hand side operates inversely to the left hand one. So that when the delay of
the left hand BBD is increasing, the right hand one is decreasing.
5

When listened to dry the overall effect is like an odd form of panning and vi rato at the same
time. But when the alance pot is turned to around 50% a su tle chorus sound is heard.
Stereo Ensemble Mode
This mode is similar to the dimension mode ut features four LFOs and not just two. Instead
of the right hand BBD eing modulated y the inverse of the same LFOs that control the left
hand side, this time the right hand BBD gets its own pair of triangle and sinewave LFOs.
However, these LFOs are not completely independent of the left hand side ones. The rate and
frequency controls are shared with the left hand LFOs. Therefore the right hand side LFOs
will track the frequency and amplitude of the left hand side LFOs. The only difference etween
the two sides are that the right hand side LFOs always run 20% faster than the left hand side.
This keeps things relatively sta le across the stereo panorama, yet, ecause of the free running
nature of all four LFOs, things are different enough etween the channels to give a wide
ensem le sound.
Quad Ensemble Mode
The RS or VP ensem le mode. The third mode is the most complex. The asic ehaviour is
the same as the stereo mode, ut the quad mode adds an extra BBD line to each stereo
channel. This additional BBD is only controlled y the triangle LFO and not the sine wave
LFO. However, it responds inversely to the other BBD on its channel. So as the other BBD is
increasing in delay, the extra one is decreasing. And ecause it doesn't respond to the sine
wave LFO, the output of the BBD can e very different to the other BBD on the same
channel. This creates a rich rolling sound. The classic RS or VP string sound involves only the
effected sound, ie. 100% wet. The triangle wave LFOs eing set to fairly slow (one cycle
around 5 seconds) ut deep modulations. And then with a much smaller amount of faster
(around 5Hz) sine wave modulation added.
POWER LED
This will light when power is applied to the unit. To e precise, it lights when the positive
power supply rail is up and running.
OUTPUT LEVEL
This adjusts the output level of the unit. The gain of the whole module is +6dB when eing
driven with an un alanced audio signal.
6

Input and Output Connections
The SE330 has oth alanced input and output connections. It is expected that the unit will e
fitted with three pole TRS (tip-ring-sleeve) sockets. Both input and output are compati le
with un alanced signals and mono jack plugs can e used without detriment to the SE330
It should work fine with signal levels direct from a mixer, line level synthesisers and modular
synthesisers. The input impedance is too low to work direct from guitars unless they are fitted
with internal pre-amplifiers.
The maximum input signal level without clipping the pre-amplifier stage is +/-12V if the
SE330 has a +/-15V internal supply. Signal levels higher than +/-30V have the potential to
damage the unit. Input impedance is 44K. Output impedance is 220R.
7

Cali ration
There are sixteen trimmers on the SE330. It will e useful to have access to an oscilloscope
and a frequency counter for the cali ration routine, however, it is not necessary as most
adjustments can e done with just your ears and a voltmeter.
All voltages should e measured with respect to a suita le 0V point. That is the lack lead of
your meter should e connected to 0V. 0V is most easily found at the cathode of D18 – the
end that is nearest to the power header.
Set the SE330 so that the two modulation depth pots are at their minimum value.
CLK1 This sets the delay time of BBD line num er 1.
If you have no scope or frequency counter then adjust CLK1 so that pin 1 of U12 is
approximately 3.30V.
If you have access to a scope or frequency counter then measure the signal at pin 6 of U6.
Adjust CLK1 so that the frequency of the square wave is approximately 75kHz.
CLK2 This sets the delay time of BBD line num er 2.
If you have no scope or frequency counter then adjust CLK2 so that pin 1 of U32 is
approximately 3.30V.
If you have access to a scope or frequency counter then measure the signal at pin 6 of U17.
Adjust CLK2 so that the frequency of the square wave is approximately 75kHz.
CLK3 This sets the delay time of BBD line num er 3.
If you have no scope or frequency counter then adjust CLK3 so that pin 7 of U12 is
approximately 3.30V.
If you have access to a scope or frequency counter then measure the signal at pin 6 of U26.
Adjust CLK3 so that the frequency of the square wave is approximately 75kHz.
CLK4 This sets the delay time of BBD line num er 4.
If you have no scope or frequency counter then adjust CLK4 so that pin 7 of U32 is
approximately 3.30V.
If you have access to a scope or frequency counter then measure the signal at pin 6 of U35.
Adjust CLK1 so that the frequency of the square wave is approximately 75kHz.
8

OFF1, OFF2, OFF3 & OFF4 These adjust the ias point of the respective BBD line's input
signal. If this voltage offset is set too high or too low then the output signal of that BBD will
distort too easily.
Input a triangle wave or smooth sounding tone into the SE330. You can use a key oard and
hold down the A key to give you a constant 440Hz tone. Try not to make it too right and
don't use a square wave. Adjust the input level so that the peak LED is just starting to glow
dimly. Turn down oth modulation depth pots and set the alance pot to wet. Select
dimension mode.
Listen to the left output of the SE330 only and adjust OFF2 so that the sound is not distorting.
There will e a point at which the sound is not distorting noticea ly while either side of it
sounds thinner and gru ier.
Now select quad mode. The sound from the left channel will e louder. Adjust OFF1 until the
sound is not distorting noticea ly.
Listen to the right hand output only and select dimension mode again. Adjust OFF4 so that the
sound is not distorting.
Now select quad mode. Adjust OFF3 until the sound is not distorting noticea ly.
NULL1, NULL2, NULL3 & NULL4 These adjust the amount of high frequency clock
reakthrough into the audio output. You want to set these so that the smallest amount of
clock is getting through to the output.
If you have no scope then just set this trimmer to its middle position. Although this sounds
pretty imprecise it's actually not too far from the perfect setting.
If you have access to a scope you can tweak it more exactly. Set your scope's time ase to
5uS per division and the scaling to 200mV per division. Turn the input level down on the
SE330 so that no signal is passing through the delay lines. We need to monitor the voltage at
the input to the first low pass filter for each of the four BBD circuits. This is the lower solder
pads of R13 for BBD1, R15 for BBD2, R17 for BBD3 and R19 for BBD4. Adjust the
relevant NULL trimmer so that the waveform amplitude seen on the scope trace is minimised.
Set incorrectly you'll see a kind of spiky square wave. Set correctly the trace will reduce to
just a series of spikes. Do this for all four BBD lines.
T_FRQ This sets the frequency range of the triangle LFOs. Insert an audio input into the
SE330. The A440 note is a good one to use again. Set the triangle rate and triangle depth pot
to their middle settings. Set the sine wave pots to their minimum. Select the dimension mode
and turn the alance control to wet. Make sure the peak LED is not lit and listen to the left
output only. You should hear the pitch eing modulated. Adjust T_FRQ so that you hear the
dee-dah sound repeating once a second.
If you have a 'scope, monitor the voltage at pin 1 of U3. Set the triangle rate pot to its
maximum value and adjust T_FRQ until you get a 50Hz triangle wave.
9

T_LVL This sets the maximum output level of oth triangle wave LFOs. Without a 'scope this
is difficult to set exactly ut it doesn't really matter that much. Simply adjust the trimmer to its
middle position and you should find that the depth pot goes from nothing to all out freaky
vi rato.
If you do have a 'scope then set the triangle rate and depth pots to their maximum. Then
monitor the voltage on pin 1 of U11 and adjust T_LVL until you get a 10V peak to peak
signal.
S_FRQ This sets the frequency range of the sine wave LFOs. Insert an audio input into the
SE330. The A440 note is a good one to use again. Set the sine rate and sine depth pot to their
middle settings. Set the triangle wave depth pots to their minimum. Select the dimension mode
and turn the alance control to wet. Make sure the peak LED is not lit and listen to the left
output only. You should hear the pitch eing modulated again ut much more smoothly than
with the triangle wave LFO. Adjust S_FRQ so that you hear a ee-aw sound repeating once a
second.
If you have a 'scope, monitor the voltage at pin 1 of U22. Set the sine rate pot to its maximum
value and adjust T_FRQ until you get a 50Hz sine wave.
S_LVL This sets the maximum output level of oth sine wave LFOs. Without a 'scope this is
difficult to set exactly ut it doesn't really matter that much. Simply adjust the trimmer to its
middle position and you should find that the depth pot goes from nothing to all out freaky
vi rato.
If you do have a 'scope then set the triangle rate and depth pots to their maximum. Then
monitor the voltage on pin 1 of U31 and adjust S_LVL until you get a 10V peak to peak
signal.
10