Octagon Systems 2050 PC/104 CPU User manual

1
2050 PC/104 CPU
Reference manual
Manual part #6949, rev.I09
CONTACT INFORMATION
Front Desk: 303–430–1500
Technical Support: 303–426–4521
[e-mail]
www.octagonsystems.com

2
Copyright
Micro PC™, CAMBASIC, Octagon Systems Corporation®, the Octagon
logo and the Micro PC logo are trademarks of Octagon Systems
Corporation. FlashFX™ and ROM–DOS™ are trademarks of
Datalight. QNX®is a registered trademark of QNX Software Systems
Ltd. Windows 98™, Windows NT™, and Windows CE™ are
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. LynxOS®is a registered
trademark of Lynx Real–Time Systems, Inc. HyperTerminal ™ is a
copyright of Hilgraeve, Inc.
Disclaimer
Copyright 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2008—Octagon Systems
Corporation. All rights reserved. However, any part of this document
may be reproduced, provided that Octagon Systems Corporation is
cited as the source. The contents of this manual and the specifications
herein may change without notice.
The information contained in this manual is believed to be correct.
However, Octagon assumes no responsibility for any of the circuits
described herein, conveys no license under any patent or other right,
and makes no representations that the circuits are free from patent
infringement. Octagon makes no representation or warranty that such
applications will be suitable for the use specified without further
testing or modification.
Octagon Systems Corporation general policy does not recommend the
use of its products in life support applications where the failure or
malfunction of a component may directly threaten life or injury. It is a
Condition of Sale that the user of Octagon products in life support
applications assumes all the risk of such use and indemnifies Octagon
against all damage.
Technical support: 303–426–4521
Telephone: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
Revision History
Revision Reason for Change Date
I09 Corrected temperature range 02 / 09

3
IMPORTANT!
Please read the following section before installing your product:
Octagon’s products are designed to be high in performance while
consuming very little power. In order to maintain this advantage,
CMOS circuitry is used.
CMOS chips have specific needs and some special requirements that
the user must be aware of. Read the following to help avoid damage to
your card from the use of CMOS chips.
Using CMOS circuitry in industrial control
Industrial computers originally used LSTTL circuits. Because many
PC components are used in laptop computers, IC manufacturers are
exclusively using CMOS technology. Both TTL and CMOS have failure
mechanisms, but they are different. Described below are some of the
failures that are common to all manufacturers of CMOS equipment.
However, much of the information has been put in the context of the
Micro PC.
Octagon has developed a reliable database of customer–induced, field
failures. The average MTBF of Micro PC cards exceeds 11 years, yet
there are failures. Most failures have been identified as customer–
induced, but there is a small percentage that cannot be identified. As
expected, virtually all the failures occur when bringing up the first
system. On subsequent systems, the failure rate drops dramatically.
Approximately 20% of the returned cards are problem–free. These
cards, typically, have the wrong jumper settings or the customer
has problems with the software. This causes frustration for the
customer and incurs a testing charge from Octagon.
Of the remaining 80% of the cards, 90% of these cards fail due to
customer misuse and accident. Customers often cannot pinpoint
the cause of the misuse.
Therefore, 72% of the returned cards are damaged through some
type of misuse. Of the remaining 8%, Octagon is unable to
determine the cause of the failure and repairs these cards at no
charge if they are under warranty.

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The most common failures on CPU control cards are over voltage of
the power supply, static discharge, and damage to the serial and
parallel ports. On expansion cards, the most common failures are
static discharge, over voltage of inputs, over current of outputs, and
misuse of the CMOS circuitry with regards to power supply
sequencing. In the case of the video cards, the most common failure is
to miswire the card to the flat panel display. Miswiring can damage
both the card and an expensive display.
Multiple component failures: The chance of a random
component failure is very rare since the average MTBF of an
Octagon card is greater than 11 years. In a 7-year study, Octagon
has never found a single case where multiple IC failures were not
caused by misuse or accident. It is very probable that multiple
component failures indicate that they were user–induced.
Testing “dead” cards: For a card that is “completely
nonfunctional”, there is a simple test to determine accidental over
voltage, reverse voltage or other “forced” current situations.
Unplug the card from the bus and remove all cables. Using an
ordinary digital ohmmeter on the 2,000 ohm scale, measure the
resistance between power and ground. Record this number.
Reverse the ohmmeter leads and measure the resistance again. If
the ratio of the resistances is 2:1 or greater, fault conditions most
likely have occurred. A common cause is miswiring the power
supply.
Improper power causes catastrophic failure: If a card has
had reverse polarity or high voltage applied, replacing a failed
component is not an adequate fix. Other components probably
have been partially damaged or a failure mechanism has been
induced. Therefore, a failure will probably occur in the future. For
such cards, Octagon highly recommends that these cards be
replaced.
Other over–voltage symptoms: In over–voltage situations, the
programmable logic devices, EPROMs and CPU chips, usually fail
in this order. The failed device may be hot to the touch. It is
usually the case that only one IC will be overheated at a time.
Power sequencing: The major failure of I/O chips is caused by
the external application of input voltage while the Micro PC power
is off. If you apply 5V to the input of a TTL chip with the power off,
nothing will happen. Applying a 5V input to a CMOS card will
cause the current to flow through the input and out the 5V power
pin. This current attempts to power up the card. Most inputs are
rated at 25 mA maximum. When this is exceeded, the chip may be
damaged.

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Failure on power-up: Even when there is not enough current to
destroy an input described above, the chip may be destroyed when
the power to the card is applied. This is due to the fact that the
input current biases the IC so that it acts as a forward biased
diode on power-up. This type of failure is typical on serial interface
chips but can apply to any IC on the card.
Under rated power supply: The board may fail to boot due to
an under rated power supply. It is important that a quality power
supply be used with the 2050 that has sufficient current capacity,
line and load regulation, hold up time, current limiting, and
minimum ripple. The power supply for the 2050 must meet the
startup risetime requirements specified in the ATX Power Design
Guide, version 1.1, section 3.3.5. This ensures that all the
circuitry on the CPU control card sequences properly and avoids
system lockup.
Excessive signal lead lengths: Another source of failure that
was identified years ago at Octagon was excessive lead lengths on
digital inputs. Long leads act as an antenna to pick up noise. They
can also act as unterminated transmission lines. When 5V is
switch onto a line, it creates a transient waveform. Octagon has
seen submicrosecond pulses of 8V or more. The solution is to place
a capacitor, for example 0.1 µF, across the switch contact. This will
also eliminate radio frequency and other high frequency pickup.
Note Any physical damage to the CPU control card is not covered under
warranty.

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Table of Contents
Using CMOS circuitry in industrial control................................................................ 3
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................6
List of Figures................................................................................................................ 10
List of Tables..................................................................................................................11
Overview: Section 1 – Installation............................................................................... 12
Chapter 1: Overview..................................................................................................... 13
Description .................................................................................................................. 13
2050 major hardware features................................................................................... 13
CPU processor.......................................................................................................... 13
32 MB Surface Mount SDRAM ............................................................................... 13
Solid–state disk SSD1 .............................................................................................13
CompactFlash socket............................................................................................... 14
Hard disk and floppy disk ports.............................................................................. 14
Ethernet ...................................................................................................................14
Multipurpose connector........................................................................................... 14
Serial ports protected against ESD ........................................................................14
Multifunctional printer port ...................................................................................15
Hardware reset ........................................................................................................15
Real time calendar/clock with battery–backup......................................................15
Watchdog timer added for safety ............................................................................ 16
PC/104 16–bit interface ........................................................................................... 16
5 Volt operation lowers system cost........................................................................ 16
Rugged environmental operation............................................................................16
Size ...........................................................................................................................16
2050 major software features..................................................................................... 17
Diagnostic software verifies system integrity automatically ................................ 17
SETUP information stored in EEPROM for high reliability................................. 17
Phoenix software BIOS ........................................................................................... 17
Octagon BIOS extensions........................................................................................ 17
Boot sequence........................................................................................................... 17
Chapter 2: Quick start.................................................................................................. 18
Hardware installation ................................................................................................ 18
Installing the 2050 CPU control card........................................................................22
Installation............................................................................................................... 22
Hardware mounting ................................................................................................ 23
Multipurpose connector........................................................................................... 24
Connecting a serial console ..................................................................................... 25
2050 power supply requirements............................................................................... 25
Installing a different operating system ..................................................................... 26
Establishing communications with the 2050 ............................................................ 27
Transferring files between the 2050 and your PC .................................................... 29
Downloading files to the 2050 using TRANSFER.EXE......................................... 30
Chapter 3: Setup programs.......................................................................................... 32
SETUP......................................................................................................................... 32

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Main menu ............................................................................................................... 33
Hard drive submenus ........................................................................................... 34
Advanced menu........................................................................................................ 35
I/O Device Configuration submenu...................................................................... 36
PCI Configuration submenu ................................................................................ 38
PCI/PNP ISA UMB Region Exclusion submenu ................................................. 38
PCI/PNP ISA IRQ Resource Exclusion submenu ............................................... 39
PCI/PNP ISA DMA Resource Exclusion submenu ............................................. 39
Power menu ............................................................................................................. 40
Boot menu ................................................................................................................ 41
Boot Order submenu............................................................................................. 41
Exit menu................................................................................................................. 42
Chapter 4: Save and run programs .............................................................................43
Save and run your programs on the 2050 ................................................................. 43
Adding your application .......................................................................................... 43
Overriding the autoexecution of your application .................................................44
Overview: Section 2 – Hardware ................................................................................. 45
Chapter 5: Serial ports ................................................................................................. 46
Description .................................................................................................................. 46
Mating receptacle............................................................................................... 46
Serial port configurations........................................................................................... 47
Function and use of serial ports................................................................................. 49
COM1 as serial console device ................................................................................49
Mating receptacle............................................................................................... 49
COM Ports as RS–232 I/O....................................................................................... 50
RS-422 ......................................................................................................................50
RS-485 ......................................................................................................................51
Chapter 6: LPT1 parallel port, LCD and Keypad....................................................... 53
LPT1 parallel port ......................................................................................................53
Printer .........................................................................................................................54
Installing a printer .................................................................................................. 54
Display ........................................................................................................................ 54
Installing a display .................................................................................................. 55
Keypad......................................................................................................................... 55
Installing a keypad .................................................................................................. 55
Chapter 7: Console devices .......................................................................................... 57
Description .................................................................................................................. 57
Selecting console devices ............................................................................................ 57
Serial console ........................................................................................................... 57
Keyboard / Mouse .................................................................................................... 58
Chapter 8: SSD1, Z-tag interface, CompactFlash, SDRAM, and battery backup..... 59
Description .................................................................................................................. 59
SSD1............................................................................................................................59
Z-tag interface............................................................................................................. 59
CompactFlash ............................................................................................................. 59
Creating a Bootable CompactFlash ........................................................................60
SDRAM........................................................................................................................ 61
Battery backup for real time calendar clock ............................................................. 61

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Installing an AT battery.......................................................................................... 61
Chapter 9: External drives...........................................................................................62
Description .................................................................................................................. 62
Floppy disk controller................................................................................................. 62
Power requirements ................................................................................................ 62
Installing a floppy disk drive ..................................................................................62
Hard disk controller ...................................................................................................63
Chapter 10: Ethernet ................................................................................................... 64
Description .................................................................................................................. 64
Chapter 11: PC/104 expansion..................................................................................... 65
Description .................................................................................................................. 65
Overview: Section 3 – System management ............................................................... 66
Chapter 12: Watchdog timer and hardware reset ......................................................67
Description .................................................................................................................. 67
Watchdog function definitions using enhanced INT 17h handler ...........................67
Enable watchdog...................................................................................................... 67
Strobe watchdog....................................................................................................... 68
Disable watchdog..................................................................................................... 68
Hardware reset ........................................................................................................... 69
Chapter 13: Serial EEPROM ....................................................................................... 70
Description .................................................................................................................. 70
Enhanced INT 17h function definitions .................................................................... 70
Serial EEPROM.......................................................................................................... 71
Read a single word from the serial EEPROM........................................................ 71
Write a single word to the serial EEPROM ........................................................... 71
Read multiple words from the serial EEPROM..................................................... 72
Write multiple words to the serial EEPROM.........................................................73
Return serial EEPROM size ...................................................................................73
Chapter 14: Temperature sensor and user jumpers................................................... 75
Description .................................................................................................................. 75
Temperature sensor INT17h function definitions .................................................... 75
Write TEMP SENSOR register pointer..................................................................75
Read TEMP SENSOR current register .................................................................. 76
Write TEMP SENSOR current register ................................................................. 77
Read TEMP SENSOR Int Status bit ...................................................................... 77
User jumpers............................................................................................................... 78
Read user jumper..................................................................................................... 78
Chapter 15: Troubleshooting ....................................................................................... 79
No screen activity–checking console serial communications ................................ 79
Garbled console screen activity............................................................................... 79
System generates a BIOS message but locks up when booting from SSD1 ......... 80
System will not boot from CompactFlash............................................................... 80
System locks up on power-up; may or may not respond to reset switch ..............80
System locks up after power-down/power-up......................................................... 80
LED signaling of “beep” codes................................................................................. 81
Description ............................................................................................................81
Technical assistance ................................................................................................ 85
Overview: Section 4 – Appendices ............................................................................... 86

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Appendix A: 2050 technical data ................................................................................. 87
Technical specifications.............................................................................................. 87
CPU .......................................................................................................................87
SYSCLK ................................................................................................................87
BIOS ......................................................................................................................87
SDRAM.................................................................................................................. 87
Solid–state disk 1.................................................................................................. 87
Floppy drive .......................................................................................................... 87
Hard drive ............................................................................................................. 87
DOS ....................................................................................................................... 87
Other operating system ........................................................................................ 87
Serial I/O ............................................................................................................... 87
Parallel port .......................................................................................................... 88
Watchdog timer..................................................................................................... 88
Bus mastering ....................................................................................................... 88
Power requirements.............................................................................................. 88
Environmental specifications............................................................................... 88
Size ........................................................................................................................88
Mating connectors................................................................................................. 88
Maps ............................................................................................................................89
Jumper settings .......................................................................................................... 91
Connector pinouts....................................................................................................... 93
Appendix B: Software utilities.....................................................................................97
Introduction ................................................................................................................97
Support commands .................................................................................................. 97
Support device drivers............................................................................................. 97
FXCHK.EXE ............................................................................................................... 98
FXDOS.SYS ................................................................................................................ 98
FXFMT.EXE ............................................................................................................... 99
FXINFO.EXE ............................................................................................................100
FXRECLM.EXE ........................................................................................................ 101
FXREMNT.EXE........................................................................................................ 101
GETBIOS.EXE.......................................................................................................... 102
GETIMG.EXE ........................................................................................................... 102
GETIMGH.EXE ........................................................................................................ 103
HIMEM.SYS ............................................................................................................. 104
I17HNDLR.EXE ....................................................................................................... 106
LPT1CON.COM ........................................................................................................ 106
PGMBIOS.EXE......................................................................................................... 107
PGMIMG.EXE .......................................................................................................... 107
PGMIMGH.EXE ....................................................................................................... 109
RESET.COM............................................................................................................. 110
SETSSD.EXE............................................................................................................ 110
TESTOEM.EXE ........................................................................................................ 112
Appendix C: Accessories............................................................................................. 113
Warranty...................................................................................................................... 114

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List of Figures
Figure 2–1 2050 component diagram – top ............................................................. 19
Figure 2–2 2050 component diagram - bottom........................................................ 20
Figure 2–3 2050 center-to-center hole dimensions (inches).................................... 21
Figure 2–4 Power connector, J6 diagram ................................................................ 23
Figure 2–5 Multipurpose connector, J3 diagram .................................................... 24
Figure 2–6 MPC-18 cable ......................................................................................... 24
Figure 2–7 Serial console connections ..................................................................... 25
Figure 2–8 Downloading files using TRANSFER ................................................... 30
Figure 5–1 Multipurpose connector, J3 ................................................................... 46
Figure 5–2 Null modem adapter and the MPC-18 cable ........................................ 49
Figure 5–3 2050 RS-232 serial devices .................................................................... 50
Figure 5–4 Typical RS-422 four-wire interface circuit............................................ 50
Figure 5–5 Typical RS-485 half duplex interface circuit ........................................ 51
Figure 5–6 Typical RS-485 full duplex interface circuit ......................................... 52
Figure 6–1 Multipurpose connector, J3 ................................................................... 53
Figure 6–2 LPT1 as a printer port ........................................................................... 54
Figure 6–3 LPT1 as a display or keypad port.......................................................... 55
Figure 7–1 The 2050 and a serial console................................................................ 58
Figure 8–1 The J3 pinout ......................................................................................... 61
Figure 13–1 Typical PC/104 module stack ................................................................ 65

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List of Tables
Table 2–1 Power connector: J6 ............................................................................... 23
Table 5-1 Serial port configurations ...................................................................... 47
Table 5–2 COM1 and COM2 connector pinouts .................................................... 47
Table 5–3 2050 COM port jumper settings: W2, W10, W11, W13........................ 48
Table 8–1 CompactFlash configuration jumpers................................................... 60
Table 11–1 Ethernet LEDs ....................................................................................... 64
Table 14–1 BIOS beep codes..................................................................................... 82
Table A–1 2050 DMA map....................................................................................... 89
Table A–2 2050 I/O map .......................................................................................... 89
Table A–3 2050 interrupt map ................................................................................ 90
Table A–4 2050 memory map.................................................................................. 90
Table A–5 2050 COM port jumper settings: W2, W10, W11, W13........................ 91
Table A–6 2050 SYSCLK frequency select: W3...................................................... 92
Table A–7 2050 Flash configuration jumper settings: W5 and W12..................... 92
Table A–8 2050 jumper settings: W6 system configuration ................................. 92
Table A–9 2050 voltage select jumper settings: W7............................................... 92
Table C–1 Cables and terminal board .................................................................. 113
Table C–2 LCD displays and keypads .................................................................. 113
Table C–3 Miscellaneous part numbers ............................................................... 113

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Overview: Section 1 – Installation
Section 1 provides installation and programming instructions, startup
options, and system configuration program examples. The following
chapters are included:
Chapter 1: Overview
Chapter 2: Quick start
Chapter 3: Setup programs
Chapter 4: Save and run programs

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Chapter 1: Overview
Description
The 2050 PC/104 CPU control card is intended for higher–
performance, low–power embedded control applications. The 2050
integrates serial communications, IDE hard disk port, floppy disk
port, a multifunctional parallel port, keyboard and speaker ports, a
CompactFlash socket, and a 10/100BaseT Ethernet port.
The 2050 can be used in a stand–alone mode or expanded through the
PC/104 interface.
The 2050 comes with Datalight ROM-DOS installed and it is
compatible with Windows NT, Windows 98, Windows CE, Linux,
QNX, and DOS. Since the 2050 uses the same functional blocks as the
Octagon Micro PC™ cards, the circuitry has been fully proven as
reliable and the software is compatible with the software in the Micro
PC series.
2050 major hardware features
CPU processor
The CPU is designed for low–power applications. It can be configured
to run at 33, 50, 64, 66, 100, or 128 MHz (jumper selectable).
32 MB Surface Mount SDRAM
The 2050 comes with 32 MB of surface mount SDRAM. In OEM
quantities it can be ordered with 16 MB surface mounted SDRAM.
Solid–state disk SSD1
SSD1 is a 2MB SMT boot flash that contains a 128K BIOS. In OEM
quantities it can be ordered with 4 or 8MB SMT flash. The BIOS on
SSD1 can be reprogrammed through the Z–tag interface.

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CompactFlash socket
The CompactFlash socket accepts a CompactFlash card. The
CompactFlash appears as an IDE device to the system.
Hard disk and floppy disk ports
The IDE hard drive port is terminated with a 44–pin, 2-mm connector.
The IDE connector supplies +5V to the hard drive. The AT BIOS
supports up to two IDE drives. The floppy drive port is terminated
with a 26–pin ZIF connector.
Ethernet
The 2050 provides a 10/100 BaseT Ethernet port and supports the
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard. The Ethernet controller IC chip
provides the following:
Integrated 10/100 BaseT transceiver interface
Two LEDs for link and traffic status
Auto negotiating between full and half-duplex modes
Intel 82559ER chipset
Caution
Use a strain relief loop when connecting to the 2050
Ethernet connector to avoid damaging the connector.
Multipurpose connector
A multipurpose connector provides connection to the serial, parallel,
keyboard and mouse, and speaker ports as well as the reset and
battery interfaces.
Serial ports protected against ESD
The 2050 has two serial ports with combinations of RS–232C and RS–
422/485 interfaces. These serial ports have the following common
specifications:
IEC1000, level 3, ESD protection specification
— Contact discharge ±6 kV
— Air–gap discharge ±8 kV
Backdrive protection
16550 compatible

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Up to 115.2K baud
16–byte FIFO buffers
Jumper–selectable terminations for RS–422/485
Enabled and disabled in SETUP
Multifunctional printer port
The 2050 incorporates the latest enhanced parallel port. It includes
the following features:
Unidirectional
Bidirectional
IEEE 1284, ECP and EPP modes
12 mA of drive current
Backdrive protection
The following represent applications in the multifunctional parallel
port:
LPT1 for PC compatible printers
17 general purpose digital I/O lines
Up to a 4 x 4 matrix keypad
4–line alphanumeric display
Hardware reset
A hardware reset ensures complete reset of the system and all
attached peripherals. A hardware reset can be done by any of the
following methods:
An expired watchdog timer cycle
Depressing the reset switch
Cycling power
Power supervisor reset
Real time calendar/clock with battery–backup
The real time clock is fully AT compatible. An optional off–card
battery powers the real time clock when the 5 volt supply is removed.

16
Watchdog timer added for safety
The watchdog timer resets the system or generates an NMI
(nonmaskable interrupt) if the program stops unexpectedly. The
watchdog is enabled, disabled and strobed under software control. The
time–out period is programmable from 0.5 to 2 seconds. Using INT17
functions in DOS, the timeout period can be extended to 64 seconds.
PC/104 16–bit interface
The PC/104 interface accepts an 8– or 16–bit PC/104 expansion board.
PC/104 expansion boards are available from several manufacturers.
Up to two PC/104 expansion boards may be stacked on the 2050.
5 Volt operation lowers system cost
The 2050 operates from a single 5V ±5% supply.
5V ±5%
+12V and –12V supplied to PC/104 connector; not required for
2050 operation
Rugged environmental operation
Operating temperature –40° to 85°C, 99MHz and below
–40° to 65°C, 128MHz
Nonoperating temperature –55° to 95°C, nonoperating
Relative humidity 5% to 95% noncondensing
Altitude –100 to 10,000 m
Shock 40g, 3 axis
Vibration 5g, 3 axis
Size
PCB size 3.55" x 3.775" x 0.68". See page 21 for size with connectors.

17
2050 major software features
Diagnostic software verifies system integrity
automatically
The 2050 has built–in diagnostic software that can be used to verify
on–card I/O and memory functions. On power-up, a series of tests is
performed. If a problem occurs, the failed test can be identified by a
flashing LED or a beep code. The test is performed automatically
every time the system is reset or powered up. Memory verification
does not require software, test equipment, monitor, keyboard, disks, or
test fixtures. See the “Troubleshooting” chapter for a listing of tests
and failures and their descriptions.
SETUP information stored in EEPROM for high
reliability
Loss of SETUP data is serious in industrial applications. Most PCs
store SETUP information in battery–backed CMOS RAM. If the
battery fails or is replaced during routine maintenance, this
information is lost. Without a keyboard and monitor in embedded
applications, time consuming re–initialization is required. The 2050
stores the SETUP information in EEPROM with 512 bytes available
to the user. Software routines to use this available memory come with
the 2050.
Phoenix software BIOS
The 2050 has a Phoenix Software AT BIOS with Octagon BIOS
extensions. The BIOS extensions include Octagon’s INT17 functions.
Octagon BIOS extensions
On–board BIOS extensions allow easy access to watchdog timer
functions, CMOS memory, etc.
Boot sequence
A 2050 can be configured to boot from a floppy, hard disk, CD ROM or
CompactFlash.

18
Chapter 2: Quick start
This chapter covers the basics of setting up a 2050 system. Refer to
the 2050 component diagrams, Figures 2–1 and 2–2, for the location of
the various connectors. The following topics are discussed:
Mounting the 2050
Setting up a serial communications console I/O link between the
2050 and your desktop PC
Downloading files to the 2050 and running a program from the
SSD1 flash drive.
Hardware installation
WARNING!
The 2050 contains static-sensitive CMOS components. To
avoid damaging your card and its components:
Ground yourself before handling the card and observe
proper ESD precautions
Disconnect power before removing or inserting a PC/104
expansion board
When programming a memory device, place the device
in the socket before applying power.

19
Figure 2–1 2050 component diagram – top
Note The orientation of jumper block W7 was changed on Rev. 4 boards.
Check the silkscreen on your board to determine the location of pin 1.
See note
below on W7

20
Figure 2–2 2050 component diagram - bottom