Octagon PC-510 User manual

NOTICE
The drivers and utilities for Octagon products, previously provided
on a CD, are now in a self-extracting zip file located at the Octagon
Systems web site on the product-specific page. Download this file to a
separate directory on your hard drive, then double click on it to extract
the files. All references in this manual to files and directories on the CD
now refer to files in the Utilities zip file.

O C T A G O N S Y S T E M S
Embedded PCs For Extreme Environments
PC-510 User’s Manual
5171 (0505)

DiskOnChip®is a registered trademark of M-Systems. Micro PC™, PC SmartLink™,
Octagon Systems Corporation®, the Octagon logo and the Micro PC logo are trademarks
of Octagon Systems Corporation. QuickBASIC®is a registered trademark of Microsoft
Corporation. QNX®is a registered trademark of QNX Software Systems Ltd.
ROM-DOS™ is a trademark of Datalight. Windows™ and Windows NT™ are trade-
marks of Microsoft Corporation. PICO FA™ is a trademark of Phoenix Technologies Ltd.
Copyright 1997, 1998, 2004, 2005—Octagon Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.
However, any part of this document may be reproduced, provided that Octagon Sys-
tems Corporation is cited as the source. The contents of this manual and the specifi-
cations herein may change without notice.
The information contained in this manual is believed to be correct. However, Octagon
assumes no responsibility for any of the circuits described herein, conveys no license
under any patent or other right, and makes no representations that the circuits are free
from patent infringement. Octagon makes no representation or warranty that such
applications will be suitable for the use specified without further testing or modification.
Octagon Systems Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its products
in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of a component may directly
threaten life or injury. It is a Condition of Sale that the user of Octagon products in life
support applications assumes all the risk of such use and indemnifies Octagon against all
damage.
Technical Support: 303-426-4521
Telephone: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
Web site:
www.octagonsystems.com
R

PC-510 user’s manual Notice to user
IMPORTANT!
Please read the following section before installing your product:
Octagon’sproductsaredesignedtobehighinperformancewhileconsuming
very little power. In order to maintain this advantage, CMOS circuitry is
used.
CMOSchipshavespecificneedsandsomespecialrequirementsthattheuser
mustbeawareof. Readthefollowingtohelpavoiddamagetoyourcardfrom
the use of CMOS chips.
≡≡
≡≡
≡Using CMOS circuitry in industrial control
Industrial computers originally used LSTTL circuits. Because many PC
components are used in laptop computers, IC manufacturers are exclu-
sively using CMOS technology. Both TTL and CMOS have failure
mechanisms, but they are different. Described below are some of the
failures which are common to all manufacturers of CMOS equipment.
However, much of the information has been put in the context of the
Micro PC.
Octagon has developed a reliable database of customer-induced, field
failures. The average MTBF of Micro PC cards exceeds 11 years, yet
there are failures. Most failures have been identified as customer-
induced, but there is a small percentage that cannot be identified. As
expected, virtually all the failures occur when bringing up the first
system. On subsequent systems, the failure rate drops dramatically.
nApproximately 20% of the returned cards are problem-free. These
cards, typically, have the wrong jumper settings or the customer has
problems with the software. This causes frustration for the cus-
tomer and incurs a testing charge from Octagon.
nOf the remaining 80% of the cards, 90% of these cards fail due to
customer misuse and accident. Customers often cannot pinpoint the
cause of the misuse.
nTherefore, 72% of the returned cards are damaged through some
type of misuse. Of the remaining 8%, Octagon is unable to deter-
mine the cause of the failure and repairs these cards at no charge if
they are under warranty.

Notice to user PC-510 user’s manual
The most common failures on CPU cards are over voltage of the power
supply, static discharge, and damage to the serial and parallel ports.
On expansion cards, the most common failures are static discharge, over
voltage of inputs, over current of outputs, and misuse of the CMOS
circuitry with regards to power supply sequencing. In the case of the
video cards, the most common failure is to miswire the card to the flat
panel display. Miswiring can damage both the card and an expensive
display.
nMultiple component failures - The chance of a random compo-
nent failure is very rare since the average MTBF of an Octagon card
is greater than 11 years. In a 7 year study, Octagon has never
found a single case where multiple IC failures were not caused by
misuse or accident. It is very probable that multiple component
failures indicate that they were user-induced.
nTesting “dead” cards - For a card that is “completely nonfunc-
tional”, there is a simple test to determine accidental over voltage,
reverse voltage or other “forced” current situations. Unplug the card
from the bus and remove all cables. Using an ordinary digital
ohmmeter on the 2,000 ohm scale, measure the resistance between
power and ground. Record this number. Reverse the ohmmeter
leads and measure the resistance again. If the ratio of the resis-
tances is 2:1 or greater, fault conditions most likely have occurred.
A common cause is miswiring the power supply.
nImproper power causes catastrophic failure - If a card has had
reverse polarity or high voltage applied, replacing a failed compo-
nent is not an adequate fix. Other components probably have been
partially damaged or a failure mechanism has been induced. There-
fore, a failure will probably occur in the future. For such cards,
Octagon highly recommends that these cards be replaced.
nOther over-voltage symptoms - In over-voltage situations, the
programmable logic devices, EPROMs and CPU chips, usually fail in
this order. The failed device may be hot to the touch. It is usually
the case that only one IC will be overheated at a time.
nPower sequencing - The major failure of I/O chips is caused by the
external application of input voltage while the Micro PC power is off.
If you apply 5V to the input of a TTL chip with the power off, noth-
ing will happen. Applying a 5V input to a CMOS card will cause the
current to flow through the input and out the 5V power pin. This
current attempts to power up the card. Most inputs are rated at
25 mA maximum. When this is exceeded, the chip may be damaged.
nFailure on powerup - Even when there is not enough current to
destroy an input described above, the chip may be destroyed when
the power to the card is applied. This is due to the fact that the
input current biases the IC so that it acts as a forward biased diode
on powerup. This type of failure is typical on serial interface chips.

PC-510 user’s manual Notice to user
nHot insertion - Plugging cards into the card cage with the power on
will usually not cause a problem. (Octagon urges that you do not
do this!) However, the card may be damaged if the right sequence
of pins contacts as the card is pushed into the socket. This usually
damages bus driver chips and they may become hot when the power
is applied. This is one of the most common failures of expansion
cards.
nTerminated backplanes - Some customers try to use Micro PC
cards in backplanes that have resistor/capacitor termination net-
works. CMOS cards cannot be used with termination networks.
Generally, the cards will function erratically or the bus drivers may
fail due to excessive output currents.
nExcessive signal lead lengths - Another source of failure that was
identified years ago at Octagon was excessive lead lengths on digital
inputs. Long leads act as an antenna to pick up noise. They can
also act as unterminated transmission lines. When 5V is switch
onto a line, it creates a transient waveform. Octagon has seen
submicrosecond pulses of 8V or more. The solution is to place a
capacitor, for example 0.1 µF, across the switch contact. This will
also eliminate radio frequency and other high frequency pickup.
≡≡
≡≡
≡Avoiding physical damage to the heatsink/CPU
WARNING!
When handling any Octagon CPU card, extreme care must be
taken not to strike the heatsink against another object, such
as a table edge. Also, be careful not to drop the CPU card,
since this may cause damage to the heatsink/CPU as well.
Epoxy adhesive bonds the heatsink to the CPU chip. When
the heatsink is struck, the epoxy adhesive does not allow the
heatsink to separate from the chip. The force of the blow to
the heatsink then causes the legs of the CPU chip to separate
from the PCB. This force damages both the CPU chip and
the PCB.
Note Any physical damage to the CPU control card is not covered under
warranty.

Notice to user PC-510 user’s manual

iii
PC-510 user’s manual Contents
Contents
Abbreviations and terms used in this manual........................................... xiii
Conventions used in this manual ................................................................... xv
About this manual
Overview: Section 1 – Installation
Chapter 1: Overview ......................................................................................... 1-1
Description .................................................................................................... 1-1
PC-510 major hardware features................................................................. 1-1
CPU....................................................................................................... 1-1
Up to 48 MB DRAM ............................................................................. 1-1
Solid-state disks ................................................................................... 1-2
SSD0 ............................................................................................ 1-2
SSD1 ............................................................................................ 1-2
Serial ports protected against ESD..................................................... 1-3
Local bus SVGA, flat panel interface, and GUI accelerator .............. 1-3
Adjustable display bias supply............................................................ 1-3
Industrial I/O using EZ I/O ................................................................. 1-4
Speaker, keyboard, and mouse ports................................................... 1-4
PC/104 16-bit interface........................................................................ 1-4
PC-510 major software features .................................................................. 1-4
Advanced power management and system management input ....... 1-4
Diagnostic software verifies system integrity automatically ............ 1-5
SETUP information stored in EEPROM for high reliability............. 1-5
Phoenix BIOS....................................................................................... 1-5
“Instant DOS” operating system......................................................... 1-5
Programmable video BIOS.................................................................. 1-5
On-board flash file system................................................................... 1-6
Octagon BIOS extensions .................................................................... 1-6
Interrupt routing: In system and programmable.............................. 1-6
Floppy and hard disk ports.................................................................. 1-6
Boot sequence ....................................................................................... 1-6
Multifunctional printer port ................................................................ 1-6
Watchdog timer added for safety......................................................... 1-7
Real time calendar/clock with battery-backup................................... 1-7
I/O connectors....................................................................................... 1-7
Keypad and LCD display support for low-cost operator interface .... 1-7
Hardware reset..................................................................................... 1-7
5 Volt operation lowers system cost .................................................... 1-7
Rugged environmental operation........................................................ 1-8
Size........................................................................................................ 1-8
Chapter 2: Quick start ..................................................................................... 2-1
Installing the PC-510 ................................................................................... 2-1
Reference designators................................................................................... 2-6
PC-510 power supply requirements............................................................. 2-8
Running a demo program............................................................................. 2-9
Logon message ..................................................................................... 2-9
What’s next.................................................................................................. 2-11

iv
Contents PC-510 user’s manual
Chapter 3: SETUP programs .......................................................................... 3-1
Introduction................................................................................................... 3-1
SETUP........................................................................................................... 3-1
Running SETUP over the console port ............................................... 3-4
SETUP example ................................................................................... 3-8
SETSSD......................................................................................................... 3-9
PMISETUP.................................................................................................... 3-9
SETIRQ.EXE................................................................................................. 3-9
Chapter 4: Save and run programs............................................................... 4-1
Save and run your programs on the PC-510............................................... 4-1
Saving programs and support files .............................................................. 4-1
Adding your application....................................................................... 4-2
Autoexecuting your application........................................................... 4-2
Overriding the autoexecution of your application.............................. 4-3
Overview: Section 2 – Hardware
Chapter 5: Serial ports..................................................................................... 5-1
Description .................................................................................................... 5-1
Serial port options......................................................................................... 5-1
Description of serial ports............................................................................. 5-2
Conflicting COM port addresses ......................................................... 5-2
COM1.................................................................................................... 5-2
COM2.................................................................................................... 5-3
COM3 through COM6 interrupt/status port ...................................... 5-3
COM3.................................................................................................... 5-5
COM4.................................................................................................... 5-5
COM5.................................................................................................... 5-5
COM6.................................................................................................... 5-6
Null modem cable ......................................................................................... 5-6
Building your own cable ...................................................................... 5-7
Function and use of serial ports................................................................... 5-9
COM1 as serial console device............................................................. 5-9
COM1 through COM6 as RS-232 I/O ................................................. 5-9
COM5 as GPS I/O ................................................................................ 5-9
COM6 RS-485 transmitter control.................................................... 5-10
RS-485 network........................................................................................... 5-11
Chapter 6: LPT1 parallel port ........................................................................ 6-1
LPT1 parallel port ........................................................................................ 6-1
Printer ........................................................................................................... 6-1
Installing a printer............................................................................... 6-1
Display........................................................................................................... 6-2
Installing a display .............................................................................. 6-2
Keypad........................................................................................................... 6-2
Installing a keypad .............................................................................. 6-2
Opto rack ....................................................................................................... 6-3
Chapter 7: Console devices ............................................................................. 7-1
Description .................................................................................................... 7-1
Selecting console devices .............................................................................. 7-1
Local bus SVGA ................................................................................... 7-1
Serial console........................................................................................ 7-1

v
PC-510 user’s manual Contents
Keyboard .............................................................................................. 7-3
Speaker ................................................................................................. 7-3
Mouse.................................................................................................... 7-3
Enabling/disabling the video BIOS.............................................................. 7-3
Re-establishing communications when the console is not working .. 7-5
Chapter 8: SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup ............................................ 8-1
Description .................................................................................................... 8-1
SSD0 (optional) ............................................................................................. 8-1
Selecting SSD0 device type ................................................................. 8-1
SSD0 replaced with an SRAM device .......................................................... 8-1
SSD0 replaced with a flash device............................................................... 8-2
Selecting an SSD BIOS ................................................................................ 8-2
SSD0 replaced with an EPROM/OTPROM ........................................ 8-3
SSD1 .............................................................................................................. 8-3
DRAM ............................................................................................................ 8-3
Battery backup for SSD0 SRAM and real time calendar clock.................. 8-4
Installing an AT battery ...................................................................... 8-4
Chapter 9: External drives.............................................................................. 9-1
Description .................................................................................................... 9-1
Floppy disk controller ................................................................................... 9-1
Power requirements ............................................................................. 9-1
Installing a floppy disk drive............................................................... 9-1
Hard disk controller ...................................................................................... 9-2
Installing a hard drive......................................................................... 9-2
Booting with ROM-DOS ............................................................................... 9-2
Chapter 10: IRQ routing and opto IRQs .................................................... 10-1
Interrupt routing......................................................................................... 10-1
Opto IRQs.................................................................................................... 10-3
Interrupt routing matrix defaults.............................................................. 10-3
Programming .............................................................................................. 10-3
Master disable............................................................................................. 10-4
Chapter 11: EZ I/O ........................................................................................... 11-1
Description .................................................................................................. 11-1
EZ I/O options ............................................................................................. 11-2
Pulling the I/O lines high or low ................................................................ 11-2
Organization of ports .................................................................................. 11-3
Port addressing .................................................................................. 11-4
Base I/O address ................................................................................ 11-4
Configuring and programming the EZ I/O ports ...................................... 11-4
Programming the EZ I/O ................................................................... 11-5
Configuring the EZ I/O ...................................................................... 11-5
Writing and reading from EZ I/O...................................................... 11-6
EZ I/O output program examples ..................................................... 11-6
EZ I/O input program examples........................................................ 11-6
Enhanced INT 17h function definitions .................................................... 11-7
Initialize EZ I/O 1 .............................................................................. 11-7
Write EZ I/O 1 .................................................................................... 11-8
Read EZ I/O 1..................................................................................... 11-8
Initialize EZ I/O 2 .............................................................................. 11-9
Write EZ I/O 2 .................................................................................. 11-10

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Contents PC-510 user’s manual
Read EZ I/O 2 ................................................................................... 11-11
Opto-module rack interface ...................................................................... 11-11
Interfacing to switches and other devices ............................................... 11-13
Chapter 12: LED signaling and “beep” codes ........................................... 12-1
Description .................................................................................................. 12-1
Chapter 13: CRTs and flat panels................................................................ 13-1
Description .................................................................................................. 13-1
Video features.............................................................................................. 13-1
Video options ............................................................................................... 13-1
Programming the video BIOS .................................................................... 13-2
Connecting the monitor/display ................................................................. 13-4
Analog monitor................................................................................... 13-4
Flat panel display .............................................................................. 13-5
Flat panels requiring bias voltage .................................................... 13-6
LCD bias control examples....................................................... 13-6
Flat panel considerations ........................................................................... 13-7
Flat panel interface voltage select: W8 ............................................ 13-7
Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9 ......................... 13-7
Chapter 14: GPS interface ............................................................................ 14-1
Description .................................................................................................. 14-1
Mounting the GPS module to the PC-510 ................................................. 14-2
GPS interface port options ......................................................................... 14-3
Routing the GPS data........................................................................ 14-3
Chapter 15: PC/104 expansion...................................................................... 15-1
Description .................................................................................................. 15-1
Overview: Section 3 – System management
Chapter 16: Watchdog timer and hardware reset ................................... 16-1
Description .................................................................................................. 16-1
Enhanced INT 17h function definitions .................................................... 16-1
Enable watchdog ................................................................................ 16-1
Strobe watchdog ................................................................................. 16-2
Disable watchdog ............................................................................... 16-2
Hardware reset ........................................................................................... 16-3
Chapter 17: Serial EEPROM and CMOS RAM.......................................... 17-1
Description .................................................................................................. 17-1
Enhanced INT 17h function definitions .................................................... 17-1
Serial EEPROM .......................................................................................... 17-1
Read a single word from the serial EEPROM .................................. 17-1
Write a single word to the serial EEPROM...................................... 17-2
Read multiple words from the serial EEPROM ............................... 17-3
Write multiple words to the serial EEPROM................................... 17-4
Return serial EEPROM size.............................................................. 17-4
CMOS RAM................................................................................................. 17-5
Read extended CMOS RAM .............................................................. 17-5
Write extended CMOS RAM ............................................................. 17-6
Check CMOS battery ......................................................................... 17-7
Copy contents of serial EEPROM to extended CMOS RAM ........... 17-7
Copy contents of extended CMOS RAM to serial EEPROM ........... 17-8

vii
PC-510 user’s manual Contents
Chapter 18: Transferring files/remote disks............................................. 18-1
Transferring files between the PC-510 and your PC................................ 18-1
Transferring files to the PC-510 ................................................................ 18-2
Transferring files from the PC-510............................................................ 18-2
Downloading files to the PC-510 using PC SmartLINK .......................... 18-3
Remote disks ............................................................................................... 18-5
Downloading files to the PC-510 using REMDISK/REMSERV ...... 18-5
PC-510 with one serial cable .................................................... 18-5
Chapter 19: Managing SSDs ......................................................................... 19-1
PICO FA flash file system .......................................................................... 19-1
Defining SSDs using SETSSD ................................................................... 19-1
Using PFORMAT to format an SSD.......................................................... 19-3
Formatting SSD1 ............................................................................... 19-3
Using SYS to make an SSD bootable ........................................................ 19-3
Adding operating system startup files (using SYS) ......................... 19-3
Changing boot SSD..................................................................................... 19-4
Autoexecuting your application......................................................... 19-4
Using SETSSD and TESTRFA to test an SSD ......................................... 19-4
Making copies of the PC-510 SSD ............................................................. 19-5
Programming copies of the PC-510 SSD ................................................... 19-5
Programming a new BIOS into SSD1 ....................................................... 19-6
Programming the video BIOS into an SSD............................................... 19-6
Chapter 20: User-defined jumper ................................................................ 20-1
User-defined jumper ................................................................................... 20-1
Read jumpers...................................................................................... 20-1
Chapter 21: CPU power management ........................................................ 21-1
Description .................................................................................................. 21-1
Power management overview .................................................................... 21-1
Hardware controlled modes........................................................................ 21-2
Device power management ........................................................................ 21-2
System power management ....................................................................... 21-3
How to initiate the SUSPEND/RESUME option ............................. 21-4
How to initiate the STANDBY option............................................... 21-6
Save to disk ................................................................................................. 21-7
How to initiate the save to disk option ............................................. 21-8
Power management configuration ............................................................. 21-9
Enabling power management ........................................................... 21-9
System timers................................................................................... 21-10
Doze timer enable and resets .......................................................... 21-10
IDLE timer resets ............................................................................ 21-11
RESUME from STANDBY .............................................................. 21-12
RESUME from SUSPEND .............................................................. 21-13
Remote suspend/resume inputs ...................................................... 21-13
First Suspend/Resume Pulse:................................................. 21-14
Second Suspend/Resume Pulse: ............................................. 21-14
External PMI interrupt ................................................................... 21-14
Thermal management ..................................................................... 21-15
Bitblt engine ..................................................................................... 21-15
PMISETUP................................................................................................ 21-16

viii
Contents PC-510 user’s manual
Chapter 22: Troubleshooting........................................................................ 22-1
Technical assistance.................................................................................... 22-3
Overview: Section 4 – Appendices
Appendix A: Technical data............................................................................A-1
Technical specifications ................................................................................ A-1
Jumper settings ............................................................................................A-5
Connector pinouts .........................................................................................A-8
Tie wrap holes .............................................................................................A-19
Appendix B: Software utilities.......................................................................B-1
Introduction...................................................................................................B-1
GETBIOS.EXE ..............................................................................................B-2
GETIMG.EXE ...............................................................................................B-2
GETIMGH.EXE ............................................................................................B-3
HIMEM.SYS.................................................................................................. B-4
I17HNDLR.EXE ...........................................................................................B-5
LCDBIAS.EXE ..............................................................................................B-6
LPT1CON.COM ............................................................................................B-7
PFORMAT.EXE.............................................................................................B-8
PGMBIOS.EXE ............................................................................................. B-8
PGMIMG.EXE...............................................................................................B-9
PGMIMGH.EXE .........................................................................................B-10
PGMVIDEO.EXE ........................................................................................B-11
PHDISK.EXE..............................................................................................B-12
PICOFA.SYS ...............................................................................................B-13
PMISETUP.EXE .........................................................................................B-14
REMDISK.EXE...........................................................................................B-15
REMQUIT.COM..........................................................................................B-17
REMSERV.EXE...........................................................................................B-17
RESET.COM................................................................................................B-19
SCONSOLE.EXE ........................................................................................B-19
SETIRQ.EXE...............................................................................................B-20
SETSSD.EXE ..............................................................................................B-20
SETUP.COM ...............................................................................................B-22
TESTRFA.EXE............................................................................................B-23
TRANSFER.EXE ........................................................................................B-24
VDISK.SYS .................................................................................................B-26
Appendix C: Third party support .................................................................C-1
Using QNX on the PC-510............................................................................C-1
Programming QNX into SSD1 ............................................................C-1
Using M-Systems DiskOnChip (DOC).........................................................C-1
Booting from the DOC drive................................................................C-2
Appendix D: Accessories .................................................................................D-1
Warranty

ix
PC-510 user’s manual Contents
List of figures
Figure 2-1 PC-510 component diagram ................................................. 2-2
Figure 2-2 PC-510 center-to-center hole dimensions............................. 2-3
Figure 2-3 Power connector: P8, P9....................................................... 2-4
Figure 2-4 PC-510, keyboard, and monitor............................................ 2-5
Figure 5-1 Null modem adapter and VTC-20F cable ............................ 5-7
Figure 5-2 Custom null modem cable for the PC-510 ........................... 5-8
Figure 5-3 PC-510 serial devices ............................................................ 5-9
Figure 5-4 RS-485 two-wire (half duplex) transmission ..................... 5-11
Figure 6-1 LPT1 as a printer port .......................................................... 6-1
Figure 6-2 LPT1 as a display or keypad port ........................................ 6-3
Figure 6-3 LPT1 and an opto rack.......................................................... 6-3
Figure 7-1 The PC-510 and a serial console .......................................... 7-2
Figure 7-2 VTC-20F cable and null modem adapter ............................. 7-2
Figure 7-3 Changing ROM Enable flowchart ........................................ 7-4
Figure 10-1 Interrupt routing matrix..................................................... 10-2
Figure 11-1 Typical EZ I/O configurations............................................. 11-1
Figure 11-2 Organization of ports .......................................................... 11-3
Figure 11-3 MPB-16PC opto rack hookup............................................ 11-12
Figure 11-4 PC-510 interfacing with an STB-26 terminal board ....... 11-14
Figure 13-1 The PC-510, a VGA monitor, and an AT/PS/2
compatible keyboard ........................................................... 13-3
Figure 13-2 The PC-510 and a VGA monitor......................................... 13-4
Figure 13-3 The PC-510 and a flat panel display.................................. 13-5
Figure 15-1 Typical PC/104 expansion module stack............................ 15-1
Figure 18-1 Downloading files using TRANSFER.EXE ........................ 18-4
Figure 18-2 Downloading files to the PC-510 with one serial cable
using REMDISK/REMSERV .............................................. 18-6
Figure B-1 Cabling diagram for a standard cable................................B-16

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Contents PC-510 user’s manual
List of tables
Table 2-1 Power connector: P8, P9....................................................... 2-5
Table 2-2 PC-510 connectors ................................................................. 2-6
Table 2-3 RS-485 termination select jumper: W1 ............................... 2-6
Table 2-4 BIOS and boot option jumper: W2....................................... 2-7
Table 2-5 Auxiliary option jumper: W3................................................ 2-7
Table 2-6 EZ I/O pull-up/pull-down, user option jumper: W4 ............ 2-7
Table 2-7 SSD0 device selection jumpers: W5, W2[7-8]....................... 2-8
Table 2-8 Jupiter module antenna voltage select: W6........................ 2-8
Table 2-9 Flat panel interface voltage select: W8 ............................... 2-8
Table 2-10 Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9 ............ 2-8
Table 3-1 PC-510 SETUP parameters.................................................. 3-2
Table 5-1 COM port options .................................................................. 5-1
Table 5-2 Conflicting COM port addresses........................................... 5-2
Table 5-3 COM1 available addresses (IRQ4 dedicated) ...................... 5-2
Table 5-4 COM2 available addresses (IRQ3 dedicated) ...................... 5-3
Table 5-5 Register 0A9h ........................................................................ 5-3
Table 5-6 Reading the interrupt status port: Register 0A9h ............. 5-4
Table 5-7 Interrupt status port (138h, 158h, 338h, and 358h) ........... 5-4
Table 5-8 COM3 available address and IRQ routing .......................... 5-5
Table 5-9 COM4 available address and IRQ routing .......................... 5-5
Table 5-10 Available addresses for COM5 at port 0A9h
(IRQ 15 default, routable)..................................................... 5-6
Table 5-11 Available addresses for COM6 at port 0A9h
(IRQ 15 default, routable)..................................................... 5-6
Table 5-12 Custom RS-232 null modem cable for the PC-510:
First COM port ...................................................................... 5-7
Table 5-13 Custom RS-232 null modem cable for the PC-510:
Second COM port................................................................... 5-8
Table 5-14 RS-485 transmitter control: COM6 at location 32Ch....... 5-10
Table 5-15 RS-485 termination select jumper: W1 ............................. 5-10
Table 7-1 Video BIOS disabling and enabling options in SETUP
(C0000h-C7FFFh, C8000h-CFFFFh ROM Enable) ............ 7-4
Table 8-1 SSD0 device selection jumpers: W5, W2[7-8]....................... 8-1
Table 8-2 Selecting an SSD BIOS: W2[5-6]......................................... 8-3
Table 10-1 Interrupt status port (ISP) map setting at I/O
location 0A9h ....................................................................... 10-4
Table 11-1 EZ I/O connectors: J15, J16 .............................................. 11-2
Table 11-2 EZ I/O port options.............................................................. 11-2
Table 11-3 EZ I/O pull-up/pull-down jumpers: W4 ............................. 11-3
Table 11-4 EZ I/O port address ............................................................. 11-4
Table 11-5 Reading EZ I/O 1 and EZ I/O 2 port addresses at I/O
location 0A9h ....................................................................... 11-4
Table 11-6 EZ I/O port byte................................................................... 11-5
Table 11-7 EZ I/O opto-rack interface ................................................ 11-13
Table 12-1 Phoenix BIOS beep codes.................................................... 12-2
Table 13-1 Video controller and associated CRT, flat panel,
and PC video circuitry......................................................... 13-2
Table 13-2 Flat panel interface voltage select: W8 ............................. 13-7
Table 13-3 Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9 .......... 13-7
Table 14-1 GPS interface default and optional features ..................... 14-3
Table 14-2 Jupiter GPS mode ............................................................... 14-3

xi
PC-510 user’s manual Contents
Table 20-1 User option jumper 1: W4 .................................................. 20-1
Table 20-2 User option jumper 2: W3 .................................................. 20-1
Table 21-1 Enhanced mode, CPU clock speed: W2[3-4] .................... 21-16
Table A-1 PC-510 memory map............................................................. A-2
Table A-2 PC-510 I/O map.....................................................................A-3
Table A-3 I/O map (Latched registered outputs via OctaGlue:
Address at X0A8h) ................................................................A-4
Table A-4 I/O map (Configuration inputs via OctaGlue:
Address at X0A9h) ................................................................A-4
Table A-5 COM1 available addresses ................................................... A-4
Table A-6 COM2 available addresses ................................................... A-5
Table A-7 Available LPT1 port addresses.............................................A-5
Table A-8 RS-485 termination select jumper: W1 ...............................A-5
Table A-9 BIOS and boot option jumper: W2....................................... A-6
Table A-10 Auxiliary option jumper: W3................................................ A-6
Table A-11 EZ I/O pull-up/pull-down, user option jumper: W4 ............A-6
Table A-12 SRAM battery backup jumper: W5 .....................................A-7
Table A-13 Jupiter module antenna voltage select: W6........................ A-7
Table A-14 Flat panel interface voltage select: W8 ...............................A-7
Table A-15 Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9 ............A-7
Table A-16 Power connector: P8, P9.......................................................A-8
Table A-17 Speaker connector: J1 .......................................................... A-8
Table A-18 Keyboard connector: J2........................................................ A-8
Table A-19 Mouse connector: J3 .............................................................A-9
Table A-20 AT and industrial serial for COM3 and COM4: J4 ............A-9
Table A-21 AT and industrial serial for COM5 and COM6: J5 ..........A-10
Table A-22 LPT1 as printer connector: J6 ...........................................A-11
Table A-23 AT and industrial serial for COM1 and COM2: J7 ..........A-11
Table A-24 Floppy drive connector: J9 ................................................. A-12
Table A-25 IDE hard drive connector: J10...........................................A-13
Table A-26 PC/104 signal assignments: J11........................................A-14
Table A-27 GPS (Jupiter) connector: J13.............................................A-15
Table A-28 Flat panel connector: J14...................................................A-16
Table A-29 EZ I/O 1 connector (J15) and EZ I/O 2 connector (J16) ....A-17
Table A-30 OPTOA and OPTOB: J17 ..................................................A-17
Table A-31 Battery connector: J18 .......................................................A-17
Table A-32 PC video connector: J19 .....................................................A-18
Table A-33 SVGA connector: J20..........................................................A-19
Table D-1 PC-510 mating connectors ....................................................D-1
Table D-2 Cables and terminal board ...................................................D-2
Table D-3 Memory devices .....................................................................D-2
Table D-4 LCD displays and keypads ...................................................D-3
Table D-5 Opto rack and modules .........................................................D-3
Table D-6 Miscellaneous part numbers.................................................D-4

xii
Contents PC-510 user’s manual

xiii
PC-510 user’s manual Abbreviations and terms used in this manual
Abbreviations and terms used in
this manual
Throughout this manual, the following symbols and terms are used:
Autoexecution Automatic execution of a program on powerup or
reset.
BIOS Basic Input Output System. Detailed instructions
that activate peripheral devices. See ROM-DOS.
BIOS drive The solid-state disk which contains the system BIOS
and ROM-DOS.
bpp bits per pixel
Console port Video card or COM1 where BIOS and DOS messages
appear and keyboard input is available.
DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory devices. DRAMs
provide volatile memory with unlimited read and
write cycles.
Expansion card The expansion cards add I/O functions to the Micro
PC system, such as analog input/output, digital
input/output, motion control, and display.
EZ I/O This digital I/O chip supplies 24 I/O lines which can
be individually programmed as 5V input or 5V
output.
h The suffix “h” denotes a hexadecimal number. A
decimal number has no prefix or suffix. For ex-
ample, 1000h and 4096 are equivalent.
KB Kilobyte (1,024 8-bit bytes).
MB Megabyte (1,048,576 8-bit bytes).
Memory device The type of static RAM, DRAM, EPROM, or flash
device specified for either volatile or nonvolatile
memory.
PC/104 An expansion bus used for holding 8- and 16-bit
expansion expansion cards.
PC SmartLINK A serial communications software package designed
by Octagon for use with the PC-510 single board
computer. Refers to all versions of PC SmartLINK.
PC Video A feature on the PC-510 which imports an external
video source into the virtual graphics array (VGA)
system. This feature allows for advanced video
connections including video overlays.

xiv
Abbreviations and terms used in this manual PC-510 user’s manual
PICO FA Phoenix’s flash file system used to access SSDs from
DOS as a read/write DOS drive.
ROM Read Only Memory devices. ROMs provide nonvola-
tile memory, have a limited number of write cycles,
and include EPROMs, EEPROMs, and flash
memory.
ROM-DOS Operating system included in Micro PC ROM.
Single board A printed circuit board that contains a complete
computer computer: CPU, memory, I/O, and clock. The single
board computer controls the operation of all the
expansion cards.
Solid-state disk A simulated disk which uses a high speed solid-state
(SSD) memory device. For example, flash memory,
EEPROM, or static RAM.
Static RAM Static Random Access Memory device. Static RAMs
provide volatile memory with unlimited read and
write cycles. They may be used with a backup
battery.
TTL compatible Transistor transistor logic compatible; 0-5V logic
levels.
Virtual drive A disk created in DOS or extended memory which
emulates an actual disk. The virtual drive provides
temporary storage for files. When power to the
computer is turned off the virtual drive disappears.
W[ - ] Denotes a jumper block and the pins to connect.
XMODEM A communications protocol which allows transfer of
files between two computers.
XON/XOFF A communications protocol for asynchronous connec-
tions. The receiver can pace the sender by sending
the XOFF and XON characters to stop and continue
the data flow.
+5V Safe +5V at the I/O connectors that is protected by a
0.75A fuse.

xv
PC-510 user’s manual Conventions used in this manual
Conventions used in this manual
This section explains the format used for notes, warnings, and command
entry.
≡Notes and warnings
Special notes and warnings appear in this manual. Each one has a
different meaning and format. They are as follows:
Note A note is supplementary or background information. At other times, it
is a hint or reminder that makes a task easier or quicker.
WARNING!
A warning gives vital information. Failure to heed a warn-
ing may cause system failure, equipment damage, or bodily
harm to the system operator.
≡ Command format and procedures
For some commands, you will only enter a single keyword (for example,
reset). For most commands, however, you will enter several keywords
followed by one or more parameters for which you must supply values.
Commands must be entered in a specific format. To indicate the format,
this manual uses a series of conventions that are explained below. The
conventions cover the rules for issuing all commands, including the most
complex ones. Most commands, however, are much simpler.
The command format looks like this:
command [type_this |or_ this]
input { optional _ input }
Follow these rules and conventions:
nInformation which appears on your screen is shown in a different
type face, for example:
PhoenixBIOS(TM) A486 Version 1.03
Copyright (C) 1985-1994 Phoenix Technologies,Ltd.
All Rights Reserved
Octagon Systems Corp. PC510 CPU
nCommands that you must key in are shown in Courier Bold, for
example:
C:> RESET