Raypak 5100 User manual

Raypak®Swimming Pool
Heat Pump
OWNER’S MANUAL
This manual should be maintained in legible condition and kept
adjacent to the heat pump or in a safe place for future use.
For additional information call: [phone]
Manual Effective Date: 11/15/2004
Developed and printed in U.S.A. Part No. 00-02104A
5100
Models
6100
The instructions in this manual are for the use of qualified individuals specially
trained and experienced in the installation and maintenance of this type of
equipment and related system components. Installation and service personnel
are required by some states to be licensed.
Persons not qualified shall not attempt to install, service, or maintain this
equipment.
The Pool and Spa Heating Experts
USC
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9900276

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PRODUCT SAFETY SIGNS AND LABELS
This manual, as well as the pool/spa heat pump itself, contains ANSI-approved product safety
signs and labels. Please read these signs and labels, as they convey important safety information
about hazards that may be potentially present in and around the heat pump. They are classified
according to relative seriousness of the hazard potential, from DANGER as the most serious, to
WARNING, to CAUTION as the least serious.
An example of a heat pump safety label follows.
Excessive chemical content in a swimming pool or spa can damage the heat pump.
DO NOT skimmer feed - Avoid adding chemicals in this manner.
AUDIENCE
The audience for this manual is twofold:
1. For the installing contractor, to provide information for the proper installation and
adjustment of the heat pump;
2. For the owner-operator, to explain the features, operation, safety precautions, and service/
maintenance of the heat pump. The manual also includes system drawings and illustrated
replacement parts lists.
WARRANTY CLAIMS
For the Warranty to apply, proper authorization MUST be obtained PRIOR to making any repairs.
This Warranty is VOID if the product is repaired or altered in any way by ANY persons or
agencies other than those authorized by Raypak.
The toll-free warranty and service number is 800 260-2758.
Recognize this symbol in the
manual as an indication of
important safety information!
CAUTION

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Swimming Pool Heat Pump
OWNER’S MANUAL - Models 5100 and 6100
CONTENTS
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
I. Installation Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
II. Electrical Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
III. Water Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
IV. Controls and Indicator Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
V. System Start-Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
VI. Summer Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
VII. Freeze Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
VIII. Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
IX. Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
X. Service Call Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Plumbing Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1
Introduction
This pool heat pump is an electromechanical machine that incorporates a
pressurized refrigerant gas in a sealed system. ONLY trained and qualified
service personnel are authorized to install or service this equipment.
Without proper training and knowledge of such equipment, any attempt to
install or service the unit could result in serious injury or even death.
This manual contains important information on the use, maintenance and troubleshooting of your
new heat pump. This unit must be properly installed, maintained and operated for optimal
performance.This heat pump is an extremely efficient, economical machine designed specifically
for swimming pool heating. It is similar in design and operation to a typical residential air
conditioning system. The heat pump employs a hermetic motor/compressor operating in a
refrigeration cycle to extract heat from ambient air and deliver it to the circulating pool water.
As with all pool heat pumps, compared to other types of heat pumps such as gas- or oil-fired, this
heat pump has lower heating capacity on a BTU/hr basis. As a result, it will be required to operate
longer to accomplish the desired results. It may, at certain times, operate as much as 24 hours per
day. However, this should not be of concern to the owner, because the unit is designed to operate
continuously. Even though it may operate continuously for many hours, it will still heat the pool
with greater economy than other types of fossil fuel heaters.
Place a cover or blanket over the pool at night and other non-use periods. This will keep
evaporation, the cause of the greatest heat loss, to a minimum, and will greatly reduce pool
heating costs. During warmer weather, the cover may be required only at night.
I. Installation Considerations
Do not install the unit within 3 ft of fossil fuel burning heaters. Air intake
along the sides of this heat pump could disturb the combustion process
of the unit, and could cause damage or personal injury.
• Mount the unit on a level, sturdy base, preferably a concrete slab or blocks. The size of the
base should be at least 3 ft by 3 ft.
• You must install the 4 black rubber sound isolation pads that ship with the unit. Install
under the corners of the unit to reduce vibration and sound transmission to the base.
The unit’s supporting base must be high enough to keep it completely
free of standing water at all times.
WARNING
WARNING
CAUTION

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Situate the pool heat pump carefully to minimize installation costs while providing maximum
efficiency of operation, and to allow adequate service access, as follows:
• For unrestricted air intake and service access, position each side of the unit at least 1 ft from
walls, pipes and other obstructions.
• The unit is designed for outdoor installation; do NOT install it in an enclosed area such as a
shed or garage, unless ventilation is provided to ensure adequate air exchange for proper
operation. Recirculation of cold discharge air back into the evaporator coil will greatly
reduce the unit’s heating capacity and efficiency.
• This unit feature an ‘up-flow’ discharge for quiet operation. Air is pulled up through the
evaporator coil and discharged through the top grill. Allow at least 8 ft clearance above the
unit for unrestricted air discharge. Do NOT install the unit under a porch or deck.
• To minimize water piping, locate the unit as close as possible to the existing pool pump and
filter.
• When installed in areas where freezing temperatures can be encountered, drain the water
circuit to prevent possible freeze-up damage. See Section VII, Freeze Protection.
II. Electrical Connections
Refer to the unit rating plate below the control panel for precise power requirement for your unit,
and for ampacity and over-current protection requirements.
All wiring must be in accordance with the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70, latest edition,
and all applicable state and local codes.
NOTE: Refer to the National Electrical Code, Article 680, for general requirements
for swimming pools and equipment, and to Article 440 for special considerations
necessary for circuits supplying hermetic refrigeration motor/compressors.
This unit is pre-wired to work with external control systems, heat-on-demand options and other
external time clock overrides. Refer to the external control system’s instructions for installation
information.

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III. Water Connections
The heat pump inlet and outlet connections are NOT interchangeable.
They must be connected as instructed below.
1. Connect the heat pump in the return water line between the filter and the pool. See page 10,
Plumbing Diagrams.
2. Connect the filter outlet to the fitting marked WATER IN at the bottom side of the unit. Unit
inlet/outlet connection fittings are 2-inch PVC unions.
3. Connect the fitting marked WATER OUT to the return piping to the pool.
Water connections from the heat pump to the main return line can be PVC pipe or flexible pipe
approved for the purpose and, in either case, must be at least equal in size to the main pool
circulation piping.
4. Operate the pump and check the unit for water leaks.
Install a check valve and/or a Hartford loop AFTER the heat pump and
BEFORE any chlorinating devices. Install any automatic chemical feeders
AFTER the heat pump. Improper installation of erosion-type automatic
chemical feeders can result in serious damage to, or premature failure of,
the heat pump and will void the heat pump warranty.
IV. Controls and Indicator Lamps
Your heat pump incorporates safety controls and indicators to ensure its safe, reliable operation.
Water Pressure Switch: Prevents operation when the pump is OFF. The unit requires 5 psi
minimum pressure.
Water Temperature Control: Pool water temperature is controlled by the heat pump thermostat
on the unit control panel, which contains a switch and 2 thermostats, one for setting a heat spa
temperature and the other for a swimming pool temperature. The switch can operate an optional
external control system, or can switch between thermostats for pool or spa.
CAUTION
WATER OUT
WATER IN
WARNING

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NOTE: The heat pump will not run when the Remote position is selected
and there is no remote control system attached.
Defrost Switch: Prevents heat pump operation if ambient air temperature falls below a
predetermined safe minimum (approximately 42-48° F, based on humidity). The compressor will
shut OFF but the fan will continue to run.
Delay Timer: Prevents compressor from short cycling, which could damage or destroy the
hermetic motor/compressor. Upon water temperature control satisfaction, or other circuit
interruptions, this solid state device will prevent compressor restart for approximately 5 minutes.
Refrigerant Low Pressure Control: Stops the compressor and fan if refrigerant suction (low
side) pressure falls too low as a result of a malfunction or loss of charge.
Indicator Lamps: There are 3 indicator lamps located on the unit control panel:
•Power (red lamp): When lit, indicates power is applied to the unit.
NOTE: The heat pump will not run when the Remote position is selected
and there is no remote control system attached.
•Heat Demand (green lamp): When lit, indicates the actual water temperature is below the
target water temperature.
•Water Pressure (orange lamp): When lit, indicates normal water flow.
V. System Start-Up
1. Verify that the Power lamp is ON, the pool pump is running and water is circulating properly.
2. Verify that the control panel Spa-Remote-Pool switch is in the Remote (OFF) position; see
the figure below.
3. Turn the selector switch to Pool to turn the unit ON and raise the thermostat setting above the
current water temperature. At this time all three lamps should illuminate and the fan should
start to run.
Control panel
Indicator lamps
When all 3 lamps are
lit, operation is normal.
Control
panel
Spa and Pool
thermostats

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NOTE: The heat pump will be OFF when the Remote
position is selected on the Pool/Spa selector switch and
there is no remote control system attached.
4. Allow the heat pump to operate for a few minutes to
stabilize operating pressures and to allow various
component temperatures to normalize.
5. Verify that the discharge air temperature is
approximately 8° - 10° cooler than the air entering the
unit. If not, see Section IX, Troubleshooting.
Seasonal Start-Up or Annual Check
NOTE: At the beginning of the heating season, or whenever the pool water temper-
ature is to be raised several degrees, the pool pump and heat pump may need to
operate continuously for several days. During summer months, only a few hours
per day may be necessary, or none at all.
1. Remove leaves, pine needles, etc. from the evaporator coil. Clean the coil by gently applying
a mild solution of household liquid soap and water.
2. Gently rinse the coil with water; do NOT use high pressure.
3. Backwash or otherwise clean the pool filter. If necessary, clean the skimmer basket and pump
strainer.
4. Set the valves to assure proper water flow through the unit.
NOTE: If the pool pump and heat pump shut OFF before the water temperature is
raised to the desired level, you must lengthen the running time of both. To do this,
reset the time clock dial for the longer running time, or manually operate the pump
with the timer override switch. Since the heat pump capacity and efficiency are both
greater at higher ambient air temperatures, run time should be set to take
advantage of all daylight hours, when the air is generally warmer.
VI. Summer Shutdown
If you do not plan to use the heat pump during the summer months, secure and protect it
as follows:
1. From the control panel, turn the control switch to Remote (OFF).
2. Turn the heat pump circuit breaker or disconnect switch to OFF.
3. Leave the valves set the way they are unless additional circulation is required. DO NOT stop
all flow through the heat pump.
4. IMPORTANT: Remember to reset the valves before the next heating season, or the heat pump
will not operate properly.
Spa thermostat
Pool/Spa selector
Pool thermostat
switch

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VII. Freeze Protection
If the heat pump is installed in a location subject to freezing conditions, it is important to protect
the water circuit from freezing, just as should be done for the pump and filter.
System Drain-Down
1. Turn the heat pump circuit breaker or disconnect switch to OFF.
2. From the control panel, turn the control switch to Remote (OFF).
3. With the pool pump OFF, close the external shutoff valves and loosen the inlet and outlet
water unions to allow water to drain. Use a Shop Vac or air pressure to remove excess water.
4. Re-attach the unions.
5. Cover the heat pump with a waterproof cover.
Continuous Pump Operation
It is also possible in some areas to prevent heat pump freeze damage by operating the pump
continuously during freezing weather. However, this results in significantly higher pump
operating cost. Further, if a sustained power failure occurs, the heat pump MUST be drained
anyway, or freeze damage could result.
VIII. Maintenance
NOTE: The heat pump MANUFACTURER IS NOT RESPONSIBLE for maintenance
adjustments.
The following maintenance procedures are designed to keep your heat pump operating at a high
level of reliability. Maintenance must be performed on a periodic basis to maintain warranty
coverage and prevent system failures and performance degradation.
A. Air Coil Cleaning - Efficient operation depends on free circulation of air through the thin and
tightly-spaced fins of the evaporator coils. The evaporator must be cleaned whenever it has a
buildup of dirt or debris.
1.
2.
B. Cabinet Care (optional) - The cabinet is designed for outdoor use and requires little care.
However, you can clean it if you wish.
1.
2. Wash the cabinet with soap and water.
WARNING
Shut OFF electricity to the heat pump.
CAUTION
To clean the fins, spray gently with a garden hose.
pressure wash, which will bend the fins and can void the warranty.
DO NOT
WARNING
Shut OFF electricity to the heat pump.

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C. Unplug Condensation Drain Holes - The heat pump extracts humidity from the air as it
passes through the coil, similar to the way a cold drink outside “sweats” on a hot day. This con-
densation drains from the bottom of the unit.
1. Routinely check to be sure the condensation drain holes in the base of the unit are not plugged
with dirt or debris.
2. If condensation becomes a problem, optional drain pans are available from your heat pump
distributor or pool dealer.
IX. Troubleshooting
If your heat pump does not operate, or simply does not heat your pool water, the indicator lamps
on the front control panel (see Section IV) can provide valuable clues as to what is wrong, and
may even indicate precisely what the problem is. Always observe these lamps before calling a
service representative. By reporting on the telephone which lamps are ON and OFF, the service
rep may be able to solve the problem without the expense of a service call.
A. UNIT IS RUNNING, BUT NOT HEATING
• Is water flow through the unit adequate? Check the unit for obstructions, such as a clogged
filter pump strainer, a dirty filter, or valves not positioned correctly.
• Is the ejected air from the unit 8-10° cooler than incoming air? If so, the unit is extracting
heat from the air and transferring it to the pool.
• Is water condensing on the evaporator and internal copper pipes? This is also evidence of
heat removal from the air. When the air is cool with low humidity, condensation may not be
evident.
• How long has the unit been operating? During initial pool heating in cold weather, it may
require a week to elevate the water temperature to a comfortable level. Normally, it takes
about 4 days.
How many hours per day is the unit operating? Remember that the heat pump only
operates while the pool pump is running. Set the time clock to permit 24 hour per day
operation. After the desired temperature is reached, return the unit to normal operation
of 8-10 hours per day.
NOTE: If the pool pump and heat pump shut OFF before the water temperature is
raised to the desired level, you must lengthen the running time of both. To do this,
reset the time clock dial for the longer running time, or manually operate the pump
with the timer override switch. Since the heat pump capacity and efficiency are both
greater at higher ambient air temperatures, run time should be set to take
advantage of all daylight hours, when the air is generally warmer.
• Is airflow through the unit being obstructed? Restrictions such as shrubbery, tall grass, dirty
coils, or any other obstruction to airflow will reduce performance.
• Is the pool blanket/cover being used? Unblanketed pools can lose up to 10 degrees per night
compared to 4 degrees or fewer when a blanket is used. Without a blanket, the total heat
gained during the day can be lost overnight.
• Are rapid heat losses occurring in some other way, such as high wind, spillage, rainfall, flow
through solar panels at nights, or a high water table?

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B. UNIT IS NOT RUNNING
• Is the control panel Power lamp ON? If not, the circuit breaker may be shut OFF or tripped.
Reset the breaker by switching it OFF, then back ON. Verify that the breaker is set and
operating properly before calling for service.
• Are the thermostat setting and the Pool/Spa setting correct? Verify that the temperature has
been properly set on the thermostat, and that it is higher than the current water temperature.
At this time all three lamps should illuminate and the fan should start to run.
•IstheWater Flow lamp ON? This lamp will turn OFF if not enough water is flowing
through the unit. Improperly positioned valves or a dirty filter could decrease the flow of
water required for efficient operation. If this lamp is OFF, but you can feel normal flow at
the pool returns, check the water valves or settings.
• Have you waited approximately 5 minutes for the time delay? After the unit has been
running and then shut OFF for any reason, there is a delay before operation can begin again.
•IstheHeat Demand lamp ON? If not, then the thermostat setting is not higher than the
temperature of the water. Raise the thermostat setting.
C. CONDENSATION SEEMS EXCESSIVE
Heat pumps can produce a large amount of condensation (water) during operation. If you suspect
that the heat pump is leaking:
a. Use a pool chemistry test kit to confirm there is no chlorine in the condensation. Or,
b. Shut the heat pump OFF and leave the filter pump running to see if the water stops
dripping. If the water stops dripping, the heat pump is not leaking.
X. Service Call Verification
Before you make a service call, first determine if the problem is:
• Warranty Service
• Heat pump operation (power supply, water flow, or time clock adjustment)
NOTE: The MANUFACTURER IS NOT RESPONSIBLE for these adjustments.
POWER SUPPLY
• Verify that all circuit breakers are reset and working properly.
•IfthePower lamp on the control panel still does not light, contact the installing dealer,
since it may be a power problem requiring an electrician.
WATER FLOW
• Verify that the pool filter is clean to provide good flow.
• Verify that valves are properly positioned to allow adequate water flow through the heat
pump.
•IftheWater Flow lamp on the control panel still does not light, and water is circulating
in the pool, verify that all valves are positioned correctly.
TIME CLOCK ADJUSTMENT
Verify that the time clock is set to permit the unit to run long enough to heat properly.

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Plumbing Diagrams
For systems with pumps of less than 2 HP (under 80 gpm), no external
bypass is required. Connections are 2-inch unions. Plumb the heat
pump after the filter and before any chlorinators.
Water In
(from pool)
Water Out
(to pool)
Filter
For systems with pumps of 2 HP or greater (over 80 gpm), an external
bypass must be installed. Adjust the bypass valve to divert most of the
water through the heat pump. Connections are 2-inch unions. Plumb
the heat pump after the filter and before any chlorinators.
Water In
(from pool)
Water Out
(to pool)
Filter

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