Seagate Medalist Pro Series User manual

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Medalist Pro Family
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Medalist Pro 2520 (ST52520A)
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Medalist Pro 2160 (ST52160A)
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ATA Interface drives
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Product Manual
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Medalist Family
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Medalist Pro 2520 (ST52520A)
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Medalist Pro 2160 (ST52160A)
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ATA Interface drives
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Product Manual
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© 1997 Seagate Technology, Inc. All rights reserved
Publication Number: 36347-101, Rev. C, February 1997
Seagate, Seagate Technology and the Seagate logo are registered
trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. Medalist is a trademark of
Seagate Technology, Inc. Other product names are trademarks or reg-
istered trademarks of their owners.
Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings
or specifications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any
form without written permission from Seagate Technology, Inc.

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Quick specification chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.0 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 Formatted Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1.1 Standard Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Physical organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.3 Functional specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Physical dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.5 Seek time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.6 Multisegmented cache buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.7 Start and stop times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.8 Typical power-up and power-down sequence . . . . . . . . . 8
1.9 Power-up sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.9.1 Power-down sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.10 Auto-park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.11 Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.11.1 Power management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.11.2 Power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.12 Input noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.13 Environmental specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.13.1 Ambient temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.13.2 Temperature gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.13.3 Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.13.4 Relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.14 Shock and vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.15 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.16 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.17 Agency listings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.18 Electromagnetic Compliance for the European Union . . . 14
Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C iii

1.19 FCC verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.0 Configuring and mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1 Handling and static-discharge precautions . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2 I/O cable and connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3 Power connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.4 Options jumper block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.4.1 Master/slave configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.4.2 Alternate capacity jumper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.4.3 Remote LED connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.4.4 Cable-select option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.5 Mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.0 ATA interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.1 ATA Interface connector pin assignments . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2 Command set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.1 Identify drive command (ECH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.2 Set Features command (EFH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.2.3 Standby timer timeout period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.4 Sleep command (99H, E6H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.5 Auto Relocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.6 S.M.A.R.T. command (B0H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Appendix. Timing diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
iv Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C

Figures
Figure 1. Typical startup current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 2. ATA interface connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 3. Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 4. Configuration settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 5. Connecting cable-selected drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 6. Mounting dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 7. ATA interface connector pin assignments . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 8. Programmed I/O timing without IORDY . . . . . . . . . . 37
Figure 9. Programmed I/O timing with IORDY . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure 10. Multiword DMA timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C v

Introduction
This manual describes the functional, mechanical and interface specifi-
cations for the Medalist® Pro 2520 and Medalist Pro 2160 hard disc
drives. The drives are referred to throughout this manual by their model
numbers, ST52520A for the Medalist Pro 2520 and ST52160A for the
Medalist Pro 2160.
Seagate®
desktopproductstakeastepintothefuturewiththeST52520A
and ST52160A. These drives feature MR heads and PRML recording
technology, Fast ATA-2 performance, segmented cache, embedded
servo technology, low noise, power management and S.M.A.R.T. capa-
bilities.
MR heads and PRML recording technology provide the drives with
increased areal density. This means that more data can be stored on a
single disc. Only two discs are used in the ST52520A and ST52160A
drives.
Fast ATA-2 performance means that the drives support PIO mode 4,
multiword DMA mode 2 transfer modes and multiple block read/write.
When the host chooses either transfer mode, the drives provide burst-
transfer rates of up to 16.6 Mbytes per second. The multiple block
read/write feature allows the drives to store several blocks of data in
cache and transfer them in a single burst.
These drives use a 128-Kbyte segmented cache. Segmenting the cache
providesadesignatedareawhereblocksofcontiguousreadorwritedata
can be staged for transfer in a single burst.
The ST52520A and ST52160A drives have other features that ensure
fast data throughput. Embedded servo technology allows the drives to
position the heads for data retrieval efficiently and accurately while
eliminating the periodic thermal recalibration that can interrupt during
data transfers. These drives also use a 16-bit microprocessor and an
intelligent controller that provides data streaming: direct data transfers
between the drive and the host without microprocessor intervention.
These features allow for a sustained data-transfer rate that facilitates
video playback and other multimedia operations.
These drives support Active, Idle and Standby power-management
modes. Power-saving modes can be controlled by the host computer.
Standby mode reduces power consumption to 1 watt (typical) while
retaining drive accessibility.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.) is
available on these drives. Implementation of this feature is discussed on
page 35. To use the feature, you must have a BIOS, a software driver or
application software that supports S.M.A.R.T.
Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C 1

The ATA commands with specific applications for these drives and the
Seagate-unique commands the drives use are discussed in Section 3.0
onpage25.Acompletelistofthecommandsthedrivessupportarefound
in the table on page 27.
The following is a summary of the drives’ features:
Capacity
•2.564 and 2.113 Gbytes formatted
•LBA translation support
•Available software driver that surpasses the 528-Mbyte barrier and
4,096 cylinder barrier limited by some system BIOSs
•Available software driver that provides expanded 32-bit disk access
support for Windows 3.
x
Performance
•Fast ATA-2 (Supports multiword DMA mode 2 and PIO mode 4for up
to 16.6-Mbyte-per-second burst transfer rates. Supports multiple
block read/write.)
•128-Kbyte segmented buffer
•12-msec average read seek time
•13-msec average write seek time
•Data streaming
Energy efficiency
•Active, Idle and Standby power-management modes
•1 watt typical power dissipation rating in Standby mode
2 Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C

Quick specification chart
The following table serves as a quick reference for the drives’ perform-
ance specifications. These and other specifications are discussed in
“Specifications” on page 5.
Drive specification ST52520A ST52160A
Guaranteed capacity (Gbytes) (×109bytes) 2.564 2.113
Guaranteed sectors 5,009,760 4,127,760
Bytes per sector 512 512
Sectors per track 63 63
Logical read/write heads 16 16
Logical cylinders 4,970 4,095
Physical cylinders 6,536 6,536
Physical read/write heads 4 4
Physical discs 2 2
Areal density (Mbits/sq. in) 928.8 805.2
Data zones 19 19
Recording density (bits per inch) 138,011 119,609
Track density (tracks per inch) 6,730 6,730
Spindle speed (RPM) 5,397 5,397
Track-to-track seek time (msec typical) 3.5 3.5
Average read seek time (msec typical) 12 12
Average write seek time (msec typical) 13 13
Full-stroke seek time (msec typical) 25 25
Average latency (msec) 5.58 5.58
Internal data-transfer rate
(Mbits per sec max) 63 to 116 55 to 97
External transfer rate (Mbytes per sec max) 16.6 16.6
Cache buffer (Kbytes) 128 128
ECC on-the-fly (bits) 65 65
continued
Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C 3

Drive specification ST52520A ST52160A
Height (inches max) 0.748 0.748
Width (inches max) 4.01 4.01
Depth (inches max) 5.38 5.38
Typical weight (lb) 1.0 1.0
Spinup current (max) 1.9A 1.9A
Seek power (typical) 7.9W 7.9W
Read/Write power and current (typical) 7.5W 7.5W
Idle total power (typical) 7.5W 7.5W
Standby/Sleep total power (typical) 4.3W 4.3W
Voltage tolerance (including noise): +5V ± 5% ± 5%
Voltage tolerance (including noise): +12V ± 5% ± 5%
Operating temperature (°C) 5 to 55°C 5 to 55°C
4 Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C

1.0 Specifications
1.1 Formatted Capacity
Medalist Pro drives are low-level formatted at the factory. You cannot
low-level format them.
These drives support cylinder-head-sector (CHS) and logical-block address-
ing (LBA) translation modes. You can use the Identify drive (ECH) command
to verify the address modes the drives support, the number of cylinders,
sectors per track, total number of sectors, heads and other parameters. The
Identify drives parameters are listed in Section 3.2.1 on page 29.
Notes:
1. DOS cannot access more than 2.147 Gbytesper partition. You
must create 2 or more partitions to access the drive’s full capacity.
2. One Mbyte equals one million bytes.
3. If the system BIOS does not support more than 4,096 cylin-
ders, it can cause the computer to hang during boot, or it can
truncate or wrap the cylinders. To resolve this issue the sys-
tem BIOS needs to be modified: the cylinder register or vari-
able must be increased from 12-bits to 16-bits to
accommodate more than 4,096 cylinders.
1.1.1 Standard Configuration
ST52160A CHS LBA
Cylinders 4,095 N/A
Heads 16 N/A
Sectors 63 N/A
Guaranteed sectors 4,127,760
Guaranteed capacity (Gbytes) 2.113
ST52520A CHS LBA
Cylinders 4,970 N/A
Heads 16 N/A
Sectors 63 N/A
Guaranteed sectors 5,009,760
Guaranteed capacity (Gbytes) 2.564
Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C 5

1.2 Physical organization
ST52520A ST52160A
Read/write heads 4 4
Discs 2 2
1.3 Functional specifications
ST52520A ST52160A
Interface ATA ATA
Recording method PRML (0,4,4) PRML (0,4,4)
External data burst transfer rate:
DMA mode 2 (Mbytes per sec)
PIO mode 4 (Mbytes per sec) 16.6
16.6 16.6 16.6
Internal data-transfer rate
(Mbits per sec) 63 to 116 55 to 97
Spindle speed (RPM) 5,397 ± 0.5% 5,397 ±0.5%
Cache size (Kbytes) 128 128
Logical cylinders 4,970 4,095
Physical cylinders 6,536 6,536
Bytes per sector 512 512
Areal density (Mbytes/sq. in) 928.8 805.2
Data zones 19 19
Recording density, max (BPI) 138,011 119,609
Track density (TPI) 6,730 6,730
Note. SeeFigure10onpage39formutilwordDMAtimingspecifications.
See Figure 8 on page 37 and Figure 9 on page 38 for PIO timing
specifications.
6 Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C

1.4 Physical dimensions
The mounting dimensions are shown in Figure 6 on page 23.
Height, max 0.748 inch (19 mm)
Width, max 4.01 inches (101.8 mm)
Depth, max 5.38 inches (136.6 mm)
Weight 1.0 lb (0.45 Kg)
1.5 Seek time
Seek value is the interval between the time the actuator begins to move
and the time the head has settled over the target track. Seek time is a
true statistical average of at least 10,000 measurements of seek time.
All measurements are taken under nominal conditions of temperature
and voltage with the drive mounted horizontally. The specifications in the
table below are defined as follows:
•Track-to-track seek time is the average of all possible single-track
seeks in both directions.
•Average seek time is measured by executing seeks in both directions
between random cylinders.
•Full-stroke seek time is half the time needed to seek from track 0 to
the maximum track and back to track 0.
Track-to-track
seek time Average/typical seek time Full-stroke seek time Average latency
3.5 msec typ
4.5 msec max 11 msec seek 12 msec read
13 msec write
25 msec typ
27 msec max 5.58 msec
Note. Host overhead varies between systems and cannot be specified.
Drive internal overhead is measured by issuing a no-motion seek.
Overhead is typically less than 0.5 msec.
1.6 Multisegmented cache buffer
The Medalist Pro ST52520A and ST52160A drives are available with a
128-Kbyte, multisegmented cache buffer that improves performance by
reducing access times.
Read look-ahead. The drive uses the read segments to store additional
logical sectors, after the last requested sector, into a buffer before the
computer requests the additional sectors. The cache buffer stores data
Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C 7

from the start of a read until the buffer segment is full or until another
command is received.
Write immediate. The drive uses the write segment to store write
commands and data. After the drive receives all of the data for the
command, it issues a write complete. Then, the drive writes the data to
the disc.
Write merging. The drive accepts contiguous write commands and
executes them as one command.
1.7 Start and stop times
Within 20 seconds after power is applied, the drive is ready. Within 15
seconds after power is removed, the drive spindle stops rotating.
1.8 Typical power-up and power-down sequence
This section describes typical power-up and power-down sequences to
assist you in evaluating the drive’s performance. They are not perform-
ance specifications. A typical startup current profile is shownin Figure 1.
Startup current profiles are unique for each drive.
2 4 6810 12 14 16
200
400
600
800
1,000

1,200
Time
(
seconds
)
Current (mA)


Figure 1. Typical startup current profile
8 Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C

1.9 Power-up sequence
1. Power is applied to the drive.
2. When power is applied, the LED stays on for about 1 second.
3. The spindle motor reaches operating speed in about 4 seconds.
4. The magnetic actuator-lock releases the actuator.
5. The drive achieves final speed-control lock.
6. The heads position over track 0 and the drive is ready.
1.9.1 Power-down sequence
Caution. Do not move the drive until the motor has come to a complete
stop.
1. The power is turned off.
2. Within 15 seconds, the drive spindle stops rotating.
3. The read/write heads automatically move to the landing zone, which
is inside the maximum data cylinder.
4. Themagneticactuator-lockmechanismlocksthearm.Thiscompletes
the power-down sequence.
1.10 Auto-park
During power-down, the read/write heads automatically move to the
landing zone. The heads park inside the maximum datacylinder and the
magnetic actuator-lock engages. When power is applied, the heads
recalibrate to track 0.
1.11 Power specifications
1.11.1 Power management
The drive supports Active, Idle andStandby power-managementmodes.
The power-management commands the drive supports are listed in the
table on page27. The table on page11 shows the average typical power
consumption rates for each power-management mode. The test criteria
foreachmodeisdefinedbelow.TheIdleandStandbytimersaredisabled
at the factory.
All measurements were taken at the drive power connector. A true RMS
Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C 9

meter is used to measure all modes except Standby. ADMM is used for
Standby measurements.
1.11.1.1 Active mode
During the Active mode, the drive is involved in spinup, seeking or
read/write activities. The table on page 11 shows the typical power-con-
sumption rates for these activities.
•Spinup. Spinup mode is entered from the Standby mode. The drive
bringsthespindleanddiscsuptooperatingspeed.Powerinthismode
is defined as the peak power after starting spinup.
•Seeking.Seekmode is entered from Idlemode. The read/write heads
are moved to a specific location on the disc surface in preparation for
reading fromor writing to the disc. Read/writeelectronics arepowered
down but servo electronics are active. Typical power is defined as the
power average of executing random seeks with a 2-revolution (22.2
msec) dwell between Seek commands.
•Read/write. Read/write mode is entered from Idle mode. Read/write
electronics are activated and the servo is on track. The drive reads
from or writes to the disc.
1.11.1.2 Idle mode
The Idle mode is entered 1 minute after the last disk I/O activity. The
motor is up tospeed and the actuator isrepositioned once every minute.
This mode uses an algorithm that minimizes head media interface
stresses. The drive can enter Idle mode from either Active or Standby
mode.
1.11.1.3 Standby mode
The spindle is stopped, the heads are parked in the landing zone, the
actuator is latched and some of the drive electronics are powered down.
Note. When recovering from Standby or Sleep mode, you must allow
the drive to post ready before reporting a timeout. The drive can
take up to 20 seconds to post ready. In a master and slave
configuration, the master can wait up to 31 seconds for the slave
to complete diagnostics before posting ready.
1.11.1.4 Sleep mode
The sleep mode implementation is the same as Standby mode.
10 Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C

1.11.2 Power consumption
In the table below, thevalues apply atthe drivepower connector.Current
was measured with an RMS DC ammeter.
Spinup Seeking Read/ write Idle Standby
Current at +12V
Amps max 1.9A — — — —
RMS amps typ — .49 .45 .45 .19
Watts typ — 5.8 5.4 5.4 2.3
Current at +5V
RMS amps typ — .42 .42 .42 .40
Watts typ — 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0
Power
Total watts typ — 7.9W 7.5W 7.5W 4.3W
1.12 Input noise
+5V +12V
Voltage tolerance
(including noise) ±5% ±5%
Input noise frequency
(max) 25 MHz 25 MHz
Input noise
(max, peak-to-peak) 100 mV 240 mV
1.13 Environmental specifications
1.13.1 Ambient temperature
Operating 5°to 55°C (41°to 131°F)
Nonoperating –40°to 70°C (–40°to 158°F)
Note. The system must provide sufficient air movement to maintain a
surface temperature of the aluminum base below 55°C.
Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C 11

1.13.2 Temperature gradient
Operating 20°C per hour (36°F per hour)
Nonoperating 30°C per hour (54°F per hour)
1.13.3 Altitude
Operating –1,000 ft. to 10,000 ft. (–305 m to 3,048 m)
Nonoperating –1,000 ft. to 40,000 ft. (–305 m to 12,192 m)
1.13.4 Relative humidity
Operating 8% to 80% noncondensing
Maximum wet bulb 29.4°C (85°F)
Maximum operating
gradient 10% per hour
Nonoperating 5% to 95% noncondensing
Maximum wet bulb 35°C (95°F)
1.14 Shock and vibration
All shock and vibration specifications apply when the drive is mounted
as recommended in Section 2.5 on page 22, with the input levels
measuredatthedrivemountingscrews.Shockmeasurementsarebased
on an11 msec, half sine wave shock pulse, notto be repeated more than
twice per second.
During normal operating shock and vibration, there is no physical dam-
age to the drive or performance degradation. During nonoperating shock
and vibration, the read/write heads are positioned in the landing zone.
During abnormal operating shock and vibration, there is no physical
damage to the drives although performance may be degraded during the
shockor vibration episode.Whennormaloperatingshocklevels resume,
the drive meets its performance specifications.
Operating Abnormal Nonoperating
Shock 2 Gs 10 Gs 75 Gs
5–22 Hz vibration 0.020-inch
displacement 0.030-inch displacement 0.160-inch displacement
22–350 Hz vibration 0.50 Gs 0.75 Gs 4.00 Gs
12 Medalist Pro 2520/2160 Product Manual, Rev. C