Sigma APO MACRO 180mm F2.8EX DG OS HSM User manual
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ڼᢴᙰ 26 ᔼߓอ౨྇܅ࢨೈઌᖲڇࣁ᥊խڂ᎘პᔼ೯ۖᖄીቹቝ
ᔆၦᑓᒫΖ
ᢴᙰڇඔ೯ 26 ᔼߓอᖙ܂ழΔຒ৫ֺإൄڼפ౨પ܅్Δრܛ౨୲
ࠌشለኬݶຒ৫ࣁ᥊Δᨃቹׂய࣠ޓ堚㵷Ζࡳ 26 ၨ۟ᑓڤቹΔ
Հݶᤩ࣋ၨԫת࠷ྡྷΔڇᐙቝ堚㵷৵Δঁױ٤ݶᤩ࣋ၨࣁᅃᅝՀݶ
ᤩ࣋ၨԫת࠷ྡྷழΔᢴ᧯փᆜ 26 ߓอપא ઞழၴ܂൶ྒྷΖᑓڤ Δೠྒྷ
ઌᖲֽؓᔼ೯֗ቃྒྷאإ૿ۖࠐ᥊᧯Δאᛧ堚㵷ᐙቝΖ
26 ᔼߓอ֫ᢴᙰࣁ᥊ۖૠΔאՀൣڼפ౨ࢨய࣠լࠋΖ
ƒڇ۩ᕍխٌຏՠࠠՂތࣁΖ ƒᄀ೯լࡳچֱՂၞ۩ތࣁΖ
ᓮܑڇאՀൣࠌش 26 ᔼߓอΖ
ƒᅝᢴᙰᇘᆜڇᆬՂ ƒ% ݶழၴ٠
ᢴᙰ 26 ᔼפ౨ሎ܂Δ٤ࠉᘸઌᖲሽ౨༼ࠎΔઌᖲڇشڼᢴ֗ඔ೯
ᔼפ౨ԫದࠌشழΔᖲߪሽ౨ၦֺؓൄΔᆏઊሽ౨Δᓮᣂ
ຨ2)) ᔼפ౨ڇլᏁࠌشᔼழ
ലᢴᙰՂᖲߪࢨ侏ೈழΔ೭ؘലᔼၨ 2)) ᣂຨۯᆜΖ
ᅝᤛ೯ݶᤩ࣋ၨ৵Δ٠ᖂࡳᔼᇘᆜܛழᖙ܂Δપࡉᡜ٠ଖڇᖲփ᧩قழ
ၴઌٵΔڇڼཚၴ֊֎ലᢴᙰฝೈࢨ࠵ೈᖲߪሽۃΔڼױᖄીᢴփ 26 ᔼᇘ
ᆜჾᡏΖ
ڇ٤ՀݶၨழࢨփᆜೂᗉךሽழΔኘᤚᨠནᕴփቹቝലڶ᎘პᔼ೯Δڼ᥆
إൄွΔኙࢬ᥊ቹቝࠀྤᐙΖ
ૉᣂຨઌᖲሽᄭࢨೖش٠ᖂࡳᔼᇘᆜழΔᢴ᧯ࢨᄎ࿇נʳ 䢅Ε䢅ʳᜢ㫠Δڼ
լᜢ㫠ࠀլᎽംᠲΖ
$320$&52PP)(;'*26+60 ᧢ྡྷᢴΔش࣍ ؍6RQ\Εᎏ
3DQWD[ հᖲጟՂױٵழ࿇ཀᢴߪᔼ֗၌ᜢຒኙྡྷפ౨Ζڇඔ೯ᢴߪᔼפ
౨ழΔ೭ᓮലᖲߪՂ٠ᖂᔼפ౨ᣂຨΔթױࠌشΖૉࠌشᖲߪՂ٠ᖂᔼפ
౨ΔՈؘᏁലᢴߪᔼפ౨ᣂຨΖ
ڼᢴش࣍Հ٨ীᇆ .21,&$ 0,12/7$ '<1$; 0$;;80 ' '<1$;
0$;;80' ֗621<$ ᖲীழΔᏁ᠃ಖڇᣂᖲೖشছΔ೭ؘᏁലᢴߪ 26
ᔼߓอ٣۩ᣂຨΔթױᣂᖲΙૉሔ֘࿓ݧᖙ܂Δᢴ᧯ 26ᔼߓอലڂإ
ൄڃᣂຨۯᆜۖᖄીჾᡏΖ
ᆜڶ 26٠ᖂᔼפ౨ᢴᙰࠋ౨Ε؍ൈ൷ᛩΔૉش࣍ႚอဗࣥᢴ֘
٠ઌᖲߪՂΔઌᣂᔼפ౨ലᄎ؈யΙ܀ࠋ౨ (269Ε؍ൈ ) ᖲীೈ؆Ζ
Կᆬຑ൷ஆ
ᢴߪᆜױࣈڤᆬຑ൷ஆΔڇᤩ࣋ࠡ᠙ၨ৵Δᢴߪױᙟრ᠏೯܂ֽؓࢨᓻمࣁ
᥊ቹΖ
ല᠙ၨᤩ࣋֗ࢮנΔঁױലᢴߪࣈᠦᆬຑ൷ஆቹΖ
ೂᗉ᥊ᐙ
ڇࠌشڼᢴၞ۩ೂᗉ᥊ᐙழΔᓮ֎ࠌشᖲߪփᆜೂᗉΔ܍ᖄીᐙቝՀຝנࣖ
ᄆ႕ᐙቝΙ৬ᤜࠌش؆ᆜೂᗉΖ
᥊ᏺ၏ᢴ
ڼᢴױشᔞ್ $32(;'* [ ࢨ [ ᥊ᏺ၏ᢴᆜΔྡྷ၏ܛױ։
ܑᏺሒ PP) ࢨPP) ᥊ᢴΖ
Ŧ٨ՂᢴᙰΔլױشࠡהྨᏺ၏ᢴΖ
Ŧڇش '6/5 ᑇᒘᢴ֘٠ઌᖲழΔ㺞௺৬ᤜᢴᙰᚨش '* ߓ٨ $32
᥊ᏺ၏ᢴΖ
Ŧᎏ൷ᛩᏺ၏ᢴࠀլ֭གڼᣊࡳীᇆᢴᙰΖ
Ŧᅝᢴᙰ൷ٽ $32[ ᏺ၏ᢴԫದࠌشழΔᢴᙰ౨א֫೯ᓳྡྷֱڤᖙ܂Ζ
Ŧᅝᢴᙰ൷ٽ $32[ ᏺ၏ᢴԫದࠌشழΔᢴᙰױڇ P ۟ྤૻྡྷ၏֡
א۞೯ኙྡྷֱڤᖙ܂Ι܀ P ۟Pྡྷ၏֡ঞ֫೯ᓳྡྷֱڤᖙ܂Ζ
Ŧᅝᢴᙰ൷ٽᏺ၏ᢴԫದࠌشழΔڰছڇྡྷ၏ૻࠫၨࡳലᄎ؈யΖ
Ŧشᏺ၏ᕴᒳᇆ אՂΔױኔ $) ۞೯ኙྡྷΔૉᏺ၏ᕴᒳᇆ܅࣍
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ᔟ٠ᆝ
ᙟᢴඝԵڤᔟ٠ᆝΙڜᇘֱڕ!ቹΔᑑقۯ൷ຑΔᤉႉழಾֱٻඝԵΖ
ᔟ٠ᆝפ౨ڶயࣂ؆ࠐᠧ٠ၞԵᐙ㫠ࣁ᥊Ζ
Ŧ$36& ᔟ٠ᆝ᠏൷ᕴᙟᢴᢤΖᅝڼᢴٽ $36& ᑇᒘ '6/5 ࠌشழΔ৬
ᤜᆜٽ᠏൷ᕴࡉᔟ٠ᆝԫದࠌشΔאࣂ؆ࠐᠧ٠ၞԵᐙ㫠ࣁ᥊Ζڜᇘֱ
ڕቹΖ
Ŧࣹრڼᔟ٠ᆝ᠏൷ᕴΔլᔞٽፖᔟ٠ᆝԫದٽش࣍אՀᖲጟڤ٤༏૿
[PPΕ$36+ ࢨࠌشᓄׂᢴઌᖲΙૉ㺞۩ࠌشΔࢬ᥊࠷ᐙቝߡല
נ؈٠ᄆߡൣΖ
Ŧૉലᢴ֗ᔟ٠ᆝ࣋ڃᚏژΔ೭ؘ٣ലᔟ٠ᆝኴՀΔ٦ലֱࠡ֘ٻڃڇᢴᙰ
ছጤΔڕቹΖᔟ٠ᆝױኴՀΔ٦ലֱࠡ֘ٻڃڇᔟ٠ᆝ᠏൷ᕴছጤΖ
ៀᢴ
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ױ౨ᄎທګᄉᐙΖ
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ᢴᙰૉٽៀ٠ᢴࡉᔟ٠ᆝ᠏൷ᕴԫದࠌشழΔᏁࣹრៀ٠ᢴᏁؘᏁ٣ᇘڇ
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ᄆߡൣΖ
ᡜ٠ᓳᆏ㧬ە
ڇၞ۩პ၏៊ᐙழΔᢴലᙟ᥊᧯࣋Օ᧢೯ۖۼΔۖ )ᡜ٠ଖٍڶ
ࢬ᧢೯Δܶ 77/ ᢴઌᖲױ۞೯ၞ۩ଥإᇖᚍΙ܀ش 77/ ᣊীೂᗉழ
ࢨא؆ᆜྒྷ٠Ꮪၦ৫ᡜ٠ଖழ৬ᤜشᡜ٠༼ق܂㧬ەΖ
অ塄֗ژ࣋
ᚨᝩ܍ᐳᚰࢨ൷ᆜ࣋ڇᎩᑷΕᄕܐࢨᑪᛘᛩቼՀΖ
ڕ࣠ཚژ࣋Δࡵᙇᖗອළ෯֗ຏଅߜړچֱΖԱঅᥨᢴᙰףᓂᐋΔ
ࡵᠦՄࢨՄ࿇נ᧯چֱΖ
ᢴׂՂۆৃࢨెױشຌპᛘᢴᙰؒࢨᢴᙰ堚ᑥΔ൫֊֎شᄫᕪΕ
ࢨࠡהڶᖲ堚ᑥᕪΖ
ءᢴᙰࠀլֽΔՀࢨ൷ֽᄭழࠌشܑ՛֨Δ֊֎ݫᛘΖଣૉփຝᖲٙΕ
ᢴׂ֗ሽሿٙڂ࠹ᛘݫჾΔՕຟྤଥΖ
ᄵ৫ડ᧢ױ౨ᄎחᢴᙰ૿ᕩᣆࢨֽរΔڂڼڇ֚༃ܐழၞԵᄊࡉ
փᛩቼΔ່ړലᢴᙰ࣋ڇᢴᙰփΔ۟ᢴᙰᄵ৫൷ᄵַΖ
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Ũق具ڶڶ୭凝ڇ具ຝٙࢬڶ݁凝ޗறխܶၦ݁ڇ 6-7 䰬
億ࡳૻၦޣאՀΖ
gق具ڶڶ୭凝ࠩڇ具ຝٙԫ݁凝ޗறխܶၦ၌נ 6-7
䰬億ࡳૻၦޣΖ
ࢨ䨞ݮܶ㠼ڼ䰬兘شՊڇխ㧺ቼ㡕历ഇ䶣允ஒ䣈㩾অࠌشཚૻΖ
ڼ䣈ࠌشᙅښڜ٤ࡉࠌشՂࣹრࠃ咊Δ㡘س䣈հֲದԼڣࢨնڣཚ吗լ
㢸㢑㩾ቼۆΔՈլ㢸㢑Գߪࡉ凗䣈ທګૹՕᐙ㫠Ζ
խ֮ᎅࣔ
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ὤ⏙㦤㣅 㼜Ἵㇵ㢌 㨰㢌㥄㡸 㥉䞉䚌 㢨䚨䚌㜠 ㇠㟝䚨 㨰㐐Ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘❄䚐
⸬ ㉘⮹㉐⏈ ᴵ 㾨⮈⢰ ⫼㟨䏬ⷸ ḩ㟝㉘⮹㉐⦐ ╌㛨 㢼㡰⮤ ⥀㪼䚡⯝⫼␘
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Š㚒◘ 㿕㡸 ⥀㪼⦐⺴䉤 ⺸⫠䚐 㵸 ⵝ㾌䚌⮨ 䈐㛅ṅ㜄 㢌䚌㜠 㬅ṅ䜸ㇵ㢨 ⵐ㈑
䞈㣠㢌 㠄㢬㢨 ╝⏼␘
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Šㇰᴵ⏈ ᵉ⓸ᴴ ⋆㡴 㥐䖼㡸 Ề㣙䚝⏼␘ᵉ⓸ᴴ 㚱䚐 ㇰᴵ ㇠㟝 㐐 㘤⤠㫼
㜰⥘ᴴ 㢼㏩⏼␘
ᴵ⺴㢌 ⮹㾡Ἤ⫰
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䓐䇵㏘ $) 䇴㢹 㾨⮈⢰
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㦤⫠ᵐ ㉘㥉
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⫵㡸 ─⥘ 䙴䏬⪰ ⬒㻙⏼␘
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䑀㢬⒈⪰ 䞉㢬䚌⮨㉐ 㹠㜵䚌㜠 㨰㐡㐐㝘
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26ஂ2SWLFDO 6WDELOL]HU ஃ㏘㠸㾌⪰0RGH Ἤ⫰ 㜄 ⋇㏩⏼␘ⵌ㊈䉤⪰
⌸⪨Ḕ ⼤ 䑀㢬⒈㢌 㢨㫴ᴴ 㙼㥉㤵㢬㫴 䞉㢬㡸 䚐 䟸 㹠㜵㡸 䚝⏼␘ ⵌ
㊈䉤⪰ ⌸⪬ 䟸㙼㥉㤵㢬 㢨㫴⪰ 㜤㻐䚌⏈ ⒤㜄⏈ 㚱 㸼ᴴ ㋀㟈╝⏼␘
0RGH ⏈ ㍌㫵㡰⦐㢌 㾨⮈⢰ 䢈☘⫰㡸 ᵄ㫴䚨 䢈☘⫰㡸 ⸨㥉䚨 㩁⏼␘
㾨⮈⢰㜄 䚨 ㍌䓽㡰⦐ 㟴㫵㢨⏈ 䙰㇠㷨㜄 䟜Ḱ㤵 㢹⏼␘
Ŧ26 㢌 䢈☘⫰ ⸨㥉 ὤ⏙㡴 ㋄㡰⦐ 㣕Ḕ 㹠㜵㡸 䚔 ⚀ 䟜Ḱ㤵 㢹⏼␘␘㢀㢌
㦤ᶨ㜄㉐26⏈ 㤵㤼䚌 㣅┍䚌㫴 㙾㡸 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
ŀ㟴㫵㢨⏈ 㣄┍㵜㜄㉐ 㹠㜵ŀ 㾨⮈⢰㢌 㟴㫵㢸㢨⇌ 䢈☘⫰㢨 ㇵ䢼 䆨 ⚀
Ŧ␘㢀㢌 ㇵ䞝㜄㉐⏈26⪰ ㇠㟝䚌㫴 ⫼㐡㐐㝘
ŀ⥀㪼⪰ 䏬⢰㢨䔠☐㜄 㣙㵝䚨 ㇠㟝䚔 ⚀ ŀ ⷀ⽀ 㹠㜵 㐐⊬㻐㐐ᴸ㢨 Ὤ ⚀
Ŧ26 ὤ⏙㡴 㾨⮈⢰ 㤸㠄㡰⦐ 㣅┍╝⏼ ␘㾨⮈⢰㜄26⥀㪼⪰ 㣙㵝䚨26ὤ⏙㢨
䞐㉥䞈 ╌㛨 㢼⏈ 㟤┍㢰䚐 㾨⮈⢰㜄 㤸䋩㤵㢬 ⥀㪼⪰ 㣙㵝䚼㡸 ⚀⸨␘ 㹠㜵
ᴴ⏙ 㐐ᴸ㢨 㨸㛨☘ ᶷ㢹⏼␘ 26 ὤ⏙㡸 ㇠㟝䚌㫴 㙾㡸 ⚀㜄⏈ⵤ䉤⫠㢌 ㋀⯜⪰
㨸㢨ὤ 㠸䚨 26 ㏘㠸㾌⪰2)) ⦐ 䚨 㨰㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
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26
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㣅┍䚝⏼␘ 26 ὤ⏙㢨 㣅┍䚌⏈ ┍㙼㜄⏈ 㤼⦐ ⥀㪼⪰ ⺸⫠䚌ᶤ⇌ 㾨⮈⢰㢌
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⊬㻐 ⸨㥉
⥀㪼 ⵤ⤨㢌 䞉㣙 ⚀ⱬ㜄 䔠䀘㏘⪰ ⬒㻐 ⚀ ⫼䆠⦐ ⥀㪼㢌)≌ⶸ⏈ ⷴ╌⮤
6/5 䇴㢹 㾨⮈⢰ ⵈ♈⏈ 㣄┍㡰⦐ 㢨⪰ ⸨㥉䚝⏼␘㇠㟝㣄ᴴ 㞬㣙 ⊬㻐⇌
77/ 䇴㢹㢨 㙸␀ 䙀⣌㐐⪰ ㇠㟝䚔 㟤 ㇠㟝㣄⏈ ἰ㥅 ᶤ⫠㜄㉐ ⊬㻐 ⸨㥉㡸
䚨㚰 䚝⏼␘䖐
Ḵ⫠㼜Ἵㇵ㢌 㨰㢌
Ŧ㏩ὤ⏈ Ḥ䑕㢨 ⵃ 䞈㢌 㠄㢬㢨 ╝⏼␘㣙ὤ ᴸ ㇠㟝䚌㫴 㙾㡸 㟤 ᶨ㦤㥐㝴 䚜
ⴴ⸽ᴴ⏙䚐 㟝ὤ㜄 ≗㛨 ⸨Ḵ䚌㜠 㨰㐡㐐㝘⇌䘸䇼⥀ ☥ ⵝ㻝㥐ᴴ 㢼⏈ ḧ㜄㉐ 䚜
⸨Ḵ䚌㫴 ⬄㙸 㨰㐡㐐㝘
Ŧ⥀㪼 ⮨㡸 㫵㥅 ㋄㡰⦐ ⬀㫴㫴 ⬄㙸 㨰㐡㐐㝘⭰㫴 ⵃ 㝘㜰㐐㜄⏈ 㜄㛨⽈⦐㛨 ⵃ
⥀㪼⽈⤠㐐⦐ 㷡㋀䚌㜠 㨰㐡㐐㝘
㫴ⱬ ☥㡴 㐐䑄䚌Ḕ 㢼⏈ ⥀㪼䆨⫠∼ 㚕Ḱ ⥀㪼䆨⫠␑
䓌㢨䒰⦐ ᴴ⸁ ␚㙸 㨰㐡㐐㝘␘⪬ 㡔ὤ㟝㥐⦐⏈ 㤼 ⥀㪼㷡㋀⪰ Ἴ䚝⏼␘
Ŧ㢨 ⥀㪼⏈ ⵝ㍌Ạ㦤ᴴ 㙸⏼⦐ 㟤㷐 ⵃ Ɒᴴ 㨰㠸㜄㉐ ㇠㟝 㐐 Ɒὤ㜄 㥊㫴 㙾⓸ ⦑
㨰㢌 ⵈ⣁⏼␘
ŦἽ䚐 㝜⓸ ⷴ䞈㜄 㢌䚨 ⥀㪼 ⇨⺴㜄 Ɒⵝ㟬㢨 ⵐ㈑䚌 ⦐ 㵜ᴴ㟨 㞬⺴㜄㉐ ♤⡯䚐
㐘⇨⦐ 㢨┍ 㐐㜄⏈ 䀴㢨㏘ ⵃ ⽸␄⸽䍠㜄 ≗㛨 㨰㠸㝜⓸㜄 ⬒㻈㛨 ㇠㟝䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘
㇠㟝G ㉘⮹㉐
Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɢɦ ɜɚɫ ɡɚ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɮɢɪɦɵ 6LJPD ɑɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦ ɨɬ
ɜɚɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ6LJPDɩɨɠɚɥɭɣɫɬɚ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɈɉɂɋȺɇɂȿ ɑȺɋɌȿɃ ɈȻɔȿɄɌɂȼȺɊɂɋ
ĬɊɟɡɶɛɚ ɩ ɨɞ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ
ĭɎɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
Įɒɤɚɥɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ
į
Ʌɢɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ
İȻɚɣɨɧɟɬ
ıɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ26
IJɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ijɈɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɟɥɶ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ
ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
Ĵɉɥɨɳɚɞɤɚ ɩɨɞ ɲɬɚɬɢɜ
ĵȻɥɟɧɞɚ
ĶȺɞɚɩɬɟɪ ɛɥɟɧɞɵ ɞɥɹ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɫ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɨɦ
ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ$36&
ȾɅə ɄȺɆȿɊ ɌɂɉȺ1,.21$)
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɮɢɪɦɵ 1LNRQ ɫɟɪɢɢ * ɛɟɡ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɨɣ ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɤɚɦ ɟɪɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ
ȾɅə ɄȺɆȿɊ ɌɂɉȺ3(17$;$)
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɮɢɪɦɵ3HQWD[ɫɟɪɢɢ)$-ɛɟɡ ɤɨɥɶɰɚ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɨɣ ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɤɚɦ ɟɪɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ
ɄɊȿɉɅȿɇɂȿ Ʉ ɄȺɆȿɊȿ
Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ6LJPDɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɨɧ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ
ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɪɨɞɧɨɣɲɬɚɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ
Ŧɇɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɵ ɉɪɨɫɢɦ
ɜɚɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɜ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɟ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟɱɬɨɜɵ
ɫɬɚɜɢɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɦ ɤɨɧɰɨɦ ɜɧɢɡ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɦɟɧɵ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ɊȿɀɂɆȺ ɈɌɊȺȻɈɌɄɂ ɗɄɋɉɈɁɂɐɂɂ
Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ6LJPDɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɨɧ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ
ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɪɨɞɧɨɣɲɬɚɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɋɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɤ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ
ɎɈɄɍɋɂɊɈȼɄȺ
ȼ ɷɬɨɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧ Ƚɢɩɟɪ Ɂɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ Ɇɨɬɨɪ+\SHU6RQLF 0RWRU+60ɗɬɨɬ ɦɨɬɨɪ
ɞɚɺɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɣ ɢ ɛɟɫɲɭɦɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
䇶
6,*0$$) ɢ&$121 $)
䇷
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ $)ɪɢɫ Ⱦɥɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ±
ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɧɶɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ɇ Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɜɵ
ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
䇶
1,.21$)3(17$;$)ɢ621<$)
䇷
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ $) ɪɢɫ Ⱦɥɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ±
ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɧɶɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ɇ Ɍɟ ɩɟɪɶ ɜɵ
ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
ŦɁɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤ ɜɚɲɟɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ
ŦɈɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɨɦ 1LNRQ 3HQWD[ ɢ 6RQ\ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɭɥɶɬɪɚɡɜɭɤɨɜɵɟ ɦɨɬɨɪɵ
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɚ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɞɥɹ+60ȿɫɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɧɟ
ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɚɜɨɞɤɚ ɧɚ
ɪɟɡɤɨɫɬɶ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɚ
Ŧɗɬɨɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ©$)ª Ⱦɥɹɷɬɨɝɨ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɞɪɨɜɨɣ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɫɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ
ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɧɚɞɨ ɞɨɠɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɤɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ
ɩɨɥɭ ɩɪɢɠɚɬɢɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ
Ŧȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɦɨɤ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɜɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ
ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɈȽɊȺɇɂɑɂɌȿɅɖ ȾɂɋɌȺɇɐɂɂ ɎɈɄɍɋɂɊɈȼɄɂ
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫɧɚɛɠɺɧ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ
ɥɢɦɢɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟɪɢɫ
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɟɧ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɬɪɺɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
ɉɨɥɧɵɣ )8//ɦa Đ
ɦa Đ
ɦaɦ
ɍȼȿɅɂɑȿɇɂȿ
Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ³ [[´ɧɚ ɲɤɚɥɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ ɫɴɟɦɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ
ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɟɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɲɤɚɥɟ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɴɟɦɤɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚ ɪɟ ɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɦ ɧɚ ɫɜɟɬɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɥɟɧɤɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ
ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦɫɦɪɢɫ
ȼɈɁɆɈɀɇɈɋɌɂ ɈɉɌɂɑȿɋɄɈȽɈ ɋɌȺȻɂɅɂɁȺɌɈɊȺ26
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫɧɚɛɠɺɧ Ɉɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɋɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ26 ɞɥɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ
ɫɦɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ
Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɭ ɜɵ ɫɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɞɨɛɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɪɟɡɤɨɝɨ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɢ ɫɴɺɦɤɟ ɫ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɤɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɢ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɟɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɜɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɟɡ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ26ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ0RGH ɪɢɫ
ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ ɧɚɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɭ ɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ
ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ ɧɚɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɭȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ0RGHɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ
ɢ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɗɬɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɟɧ ɞɥɹ
ɫɴɺɦɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɞɜɢɝɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ
ŦɄɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɹ ɫɞɜɢɝɨɜ ɤɚɦɟ ɪɵ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɫɴɺɦɤɟ
ɫ ɪɭɤ ȼ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɠɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɧɟɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ƒ ɋɴɺɦɤɚ ɫ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ
ƒ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɢɥɢ ɫɞɜɢɝɨɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ
Ŧɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤ ɭɸ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ
ƒ ȿɫɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧ ɧɚ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɟ ƒ ɉɪɢ ɞɥɢɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɞɟɪɤɚɯ
ŦɈɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɩɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɧɚ
ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫ ɜɤɥɸɱɺɧɧɵɦ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɫ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɦ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ2))ȼɵɤ ɥɸɱɟɧ
ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɢɡɥɢɲɧɟɝɨ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɣ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢɥɢ ɫɧɹɬɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ2))
Ŧȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɥɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡ ɚɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɧɚɠɚɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬ ɫɜɨɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɩɨɤɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ
ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢ ɷɤɫɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɧɟ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɚɣɬɟ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɣ ɢɡ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɢ ɧɟ ɫɧɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɫ ɧɟɺ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɟɫɥɢ
ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
Ŧɇɟ ɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɜɤɥɸɱɺɧɧɵɦ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ
ɫɴɺɦɤɢ ɤɚɞɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɚɪɹɞɤɢ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɜɫɩɵɲɤɢ ɷɬɨ ɧɟ
ɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɦɵɯ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɹɯ
Ŧȿɫɥɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɨɛɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɵɥ ɫɧɹɬ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɞɪɟɛɟɡɠɚɳɢɣ ɡɜɭɤ
ɗɬɨɬ ɡɜɭɤ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɦ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ŦȾɥɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɜ ɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɨɦ 6RQ\ ɢ 3HQWD[ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ26ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚɦɢ ɫɨ
ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɥɶɬɪɚɡɜɭɤɨɜɵɦ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɨɦ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ 26 ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ 26 ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 21 ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
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ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
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ɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɟ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɫ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ .21,&$ 0,12/7$ '<1$;
0$;;80 ' '<1$; 0$;;80 ' RU 621< $ ɩɨɠɚɥɭɣɫɬɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ26ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ©ɜɵɤɥª 2))ɩɟɪɟɞ
ɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢɢ ɟɫɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ
ɱɟɦ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɂɝɧɨɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɷɬɨɣ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɜɥɟɱɶ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɜ ɜ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹɯ 1LNRQ ɢ &DQRQɫ
ɩɥɟɧɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ 26 ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɚɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ)ɢ&DQRQ(269
ɉɅɈɓȺȾɄȺ ɉɈȾ ɒɌȺɌɂȼ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧ ɫɴɺɦɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɨɣ ɩɨɞ ɲɬɚɬɢɜ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɢɞɚɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɭ
ɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟɭɞɨɛɧɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ
ɜɢɧɬ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɭɱɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶ ɜ ɧɭɠɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢɪɢɫ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɫɧɹɬɶ ɨɛɪɭɱ ɫ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɨɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɫɥɚɛɢɬɶ ɜɢɧɬ ɞɨ ɤɨɧɰɚ ɢ ɢɡɜɥɟɱɶ ɟɝɨ ɢɡ
ɨɛɪɭɱɚɪɢɫ
ɎɈɌɈȽɊȺɎɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɋɈ ȼɋɉɕɒɄɈɃ
ȼɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɚɹ ɜɫɩɵɲɤɚ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɧɶ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɧɢɦɤɚ Ⱦɥɹ
ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɥɭɱɲɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɨɠɚɥɭɣɫɬɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɜɧɟɲɧɸɸ ɜɫɩɵɲɤɭ
ɎɈɌɈȽɊȺɎɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɋ ɄɈɇȼȿɊɌȿɊȺɆɂ
ɗɬɨɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚɦɢ
6LJPD $32 7HOH&RQYHUWHU [ (; '* ɢɥɢ [ (; '*ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɜɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɟ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɜ$)PP)ɢPP)ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ
Ŧɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɵ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ
ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚɦɢ6LJPD
ŦɆɵ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ '*$32 7HOH&RQ YHUWHUɫ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɦɢ ɡɟɪɤ ɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ
ŦɌɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪ ɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɨɦ3HQWD[ɧɟ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɡɨɣ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚ $32 [ 7HOH&RQYHUWHU (; '* ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚ $32 [ 7HOH &RQYHUWHU ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ ɫɴɟɦɤɢ ɨɬ ɛɟɫɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɦ ɇɚ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɹɯ
ɫɴɟɦɤɢ ɨɬɦ ɞɨɦ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɨɜ $32 7HOH &RQYHUWHUV ɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɮɨɤ ɭɫɚ
ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ /LYH
9LHZɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɚ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ
ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɭ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɬɟɤɰɢɢ
Ŧȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚ ɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɨɦ 6RQ\ $) ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɫɟɪɢɣɧɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɱɟɦ
ȿɫɥɢ ɫɟɪɢɣɧɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɟɪɚ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ
Ŧȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɠɢɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɦɨɬɪɚ/LYH 9LHZɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɟɫɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɭ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɬɟɤɰɢɢ
ȻɅȿɇȾȺ ɈȻɔȿɄɌɂȼȺ
ȼ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɴɟɦɧɚɹ ɛɥɟɧɞɚɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟɬɧɵɦ ɬɢɩɨɦ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ
Ɉɧɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɚɟɬ ɛɥɢɤɢ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɬɪɚɞɚɬɶ
ɫɧɢɦɤɢ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɡɢɬɧɨɣ ɡɚɫɜɟɬɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɥɭɱɚɦɢ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ
ɛɥɟɧɞɭɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɢ ɞɨ ɭɩɨɪɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢɪɢɫ
Ŧȼ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤ ɬ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɚɞɚɩɬɟɪ ɛɥɟɧɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɫ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ $36& Ⱥɞɚɩɬɟɪ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɨɦ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɢ ɛɥɟɧɞɨɣ ɪɢɫ ɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɟɳɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶ
ɩɚɪɚɡɢɬɧɭɸ ɡɚɫɜɟɬɤɭ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɤɚɞɪɨɜɵɦɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ
Ŧȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɜɢɧɶɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɫɥ ɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɚɞɚɩɬɟɪ ɫ ɩɥɟɧɨɱɧɵɦɢ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɤɚɞɪɨɜɵɦɢ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɦɢ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɦɢ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɫ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ$36+
Ŧɑɬɨɛɵ ɭɛɪɚɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɢ ɛɥɟɧɞɭ ɜ ɱɟɯɨɥ ɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɧɹɬɶ ɛɥɟɧɞɭ ɢ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɟɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɜɟɪɧɭɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɪɢɫ Ȼɥɟɧɞɭɚɬɚɤɠɟ
ɡɚɳɢɬɧɭɸ ɤɪɵɲɤɭ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɧɟ ɫɧɢɦɚɹ ɫ ɧɟɝɨ
ɚɞɚɩɬɟɪɚ ɛɥɟɧɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɦɟɪ ɫ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɨɦ$36&
ɎɂɅɖɌɊɕ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɫɴɺɦɤɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɞɢɧ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɢɥɢ
ɛɨɥɟɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɭ ɜɢɧɶɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɨɥɹɪɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ
ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ
ŦɄɨɝɞɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɚɞɚɩɬɟɪɨɦ ɛɥɟɧɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɤɚɦɟɪ ɫ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɨɦ
$36& ɫɜɟɬɨɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɟɡɶɛɭ ɞɥɹ
ɫɜɟɬɨɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɤɨɪɩɭɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɫɜɟɬɨɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯ ɚɞɚɩɬɟɪɚ ɛɥɟɧɞɵ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɢɧɶɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɗɄɋɉɈɄɈɊɊȿɄɐɂə
ȿɫɥɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɫ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɫɬɚɤɚɧɚ ɦɚɤɪɨɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ
ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɵ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ ɫɨ
ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɦ77/ ɡɚɦɟɪɨɦ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɷɤɫɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ
ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɨɦɟɬɪɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɩɨɩɪɚɜɤɭɬɚɛ
ɍɏɈȾ ɂ ɏɊȺɇȿɇɂȿ
Ŧɇɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɣɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɪɟɡɤɢɦ ɜɫɬɪɹɫɤɚɦ ɪɟɡɤɨɦɭ ɩɟɪɟɩɚɞ ɭ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɢ
ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ
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Ⱦɥɹ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɯɥɚɞɧɨɟ ɫɭɯɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɫ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɟɣ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɬɥɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɧɡ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ
ɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɜɞɚɥɢ ɨɬ ɧɚɮɬɚɥɢɧɚ ɢ ɞ ɪ ɚɧɬɢɦɨɥɟɣ
Ŧɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ ɥɢɧɡɨɜɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɦɹɝɤɭɸ ɜɥɚɠɧɭɸ ɬɤɚɧɶ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɬɢɤɢ
ŦɈɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɧɟ ɜɨɞɨɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɢɥɢɜɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɨɠɞɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɧɚɦɨɤɚɧɢɹ Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ
ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɢɧɡ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɢ ɨɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭɧɟ
ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɬ
ŦɊɟɡɤɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɩɚɞɵ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɭɦɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ
ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɥɢɧɡɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɜɯɨɞɹ ɜ ɬɺɩɥɨɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɭɥɢɰɵ
ɫɪɚɡɭ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɚɣɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɢɡ ɱɟɯɥɚ ɩɨɤɚ ɨɧ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
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