SMA Solar Technology SUNNY TRIPOWER STP 20000TL-30 User manual

OperatingManual
SUNNYTRIPOWER20000TL/ 25000TL
STP20-25TL-BE-en-11 | Version 1.1 AMERICAN ENGLISH

Legal Provisions
The information contained in these documents is property of SMA Solar Technology AG. Any
publication, whether in whole or in part, requires prior written approval by SMA Solar Technology
AG. Internal reproduction used solely for the purpose of product evaluation or other proper use is
allowed and does not require prior approval.
SMA Warranty
You can download the current warranty conditions from the Internet at www.SMA-Solar.com.
Trademarks
All trademarks are recognized, even if not explicitly identified as such. A lack of identification does
not mean that a product or symbol is not trademarked.
The BLUETOOTH® word mark and logos are registered trademarks of BluetoothSIG,Inc. and any
use of these marks by SMASolarTechnologyAG is under license.
Modbus® is a registered trademark of Schneider Electric and is licensed by the Modbus
Organization, Inc.
QR Code is a registered trademark of DENSO WAVE INCORPORATED.
Phillips® and Pozidriv® are registered trademarks of Phillips Screw Company.
Torx® is a registered trademark of Acument Global Technologies, Inc.
SMA Solar Technology AG
Sonnenallee 1
34266 Niestetal
Germany
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
www.SMA.de
E-mail: [email protected]
© 2004 to 2014 SMA Solar Technology AG. All rights reserved.
Legal Provisions SMA Solar Technology AG
Operating ManualSTP20-25TL-BE-en-112

Table of Contents
1 Information on this Document ................................................. 5
1.1 Validity................................................................................................ 5
1.2 Target Group...................................................................................... 5
1.3 Additional Information....................................................................... 5
1.4 Symbols .............................................................................................. 6
1.5 Nomenclature..................................................................................... 7
2 Safety......................................................................................... 8
2.1 Intended Use ...................................................................................... 8
2.2 Safety Information.............................................................................. 8
3 Scope of Delivery...................................................................... 10
4 Product Description................................................................... 11
4.1 Sunny Tripower .................................................................................. 11
4.2 LED Signals......................................................................................... 13
4.3 Interfaces and Functions .................................................................... 14
5 Mounting ................................................................................... 16
5.1 Requirements for Mounting ............................................................... 16
5.2 Mounting the Inverter......................................................................... 18
6 Electrical Connection................................................................. 22
6.1 Safety during Electrical Connection.................................................. 22
6.2 Overview of the Connection Area .................................................... 23
6.2.1 View from Below............................................................................ 23
6.2.2 Interior View ................................................................................... 24
6.3 AC Connection................................................................................... 24
6.3.1 Requirements for the AC Connection............................................ 24
6.3.2 Connecting the Inverter to the Utility Grid.................................... 26
6.3.3 Connecting Additional Grounding ............................................... 27
6.4 DC Connection................................................................................... 28
6.4.1 Requirements for the DC Connection............................................ 28
6.4.2 Connecting the PV Array............................................................... 29
7 Commissioning.......................................................................... 31
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SMA Solar Technology AG
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7.1 Commissioning Procedure ................................................................. 31
7.2 Configuring the Country Data Set..................................................... 31
7.3 Commissioning the Inverter................................................................ 33
8 Configuration ............................................................................ 36
8.1 Configuration Procedure.................................................................... 36
8.2 Integrating the Inverter into the Network.......................................... 36
8.3 Changing Operating Parameters...................................................... 37
8.4 Setting SMA OptiTrac Global Peak ................................................. 37
9 Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources.................. 38
10 Technical Data........................................................................... 41
11 Accessories ................................................................................ 45
12 Contact....................................................................................... 46
13 EC Declaration of Conformity .................................................. 49
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1 Information on this Document
1.1 Validity
This document is valid for the following device types:
• STP20000TL-30 (SunnyTripower20000TL)
• STP25000TL-30 (SunnyTripower25000TL)
1.2 Target Group
This document is intended for qualified persons and end users. Only qualified persons are allowed
to perform the activities marked in this document with a warning symbol and the caption
"Qualifiedperson". Tasks that do not require any particular qualification are not marked and can
also be performed by end users. Qualified persons must have the following skills:
• Knowledge of how an inverter works and is operated
• Training in how to deal with the dangers and risks associated with installing and using
electrical devices and installations
• Training in the installation and commissioning of electrical devices and installations
• Knowledge of the applicable standards and directives
• Knowledge of and compliance with this document and all safety information
1.3 Additional Information
Links to additional information can be found at www.SMA-Solar.com:
Document title and content Document type
"Service Manual STP 20000TL / 25000TL"
Troubleshooting, cleaning, replacement of varistors and surge
arresters type II and decommissioning
Service Manual
"SMA Speedwire/Webconnect data module"
Connection to the Speedwire/Webconnect data module
Installation Manual
"Webconnect Systems in SunnyPortal"
Registration in SunnyPortal and setting or changing operating
parameters of the inverter
User Manual
"Overview of the Rotary Switch Settings"
Overview of the rotary switch settings for configuring the coun-
try data set and display language
Technical Information
"Efficiency and Derating"
Efficiency and derating behavior of the SunnyBoy, Sun-
nyTripower and SunnyMiniCentral inverters
Technical Information
"Criteria for Selecting a Residual-Current Device" Technical Information
1 Information on this Document
SMA Solar Technology AG
Operating Manual 5STP20-25TL-BE-en-11

Document title and content Document type
"Circuit Breaker"
Dimensioning and selection of a suitable AC circuit breaker for
inverters under PV-specific influences
Technical Information
"Insulation Resistance (Riso) of Non-Galvanically Isolated PV
Systems"
Calculating the insulation resistance for troubleshooting
Technical Information
"Shade Management"
Efficient operation of partly shaded PV systems with Op-
tiTracGlobalPeak
Technical Information
"Leading Leakage Currents"
Information on the design of transformerless inverters
Technical Information
"Firmware Update with SD Card" Technical Description
"Parameter List"
Overview of all inverter operating parameters and their config-
uration options
Technical Information
1.4 Symbols
Symbol Explanation
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, will result in death or serious injury
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, can result in death or serious injury
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, can result in minor or moderate injury
Indicates a situation which, if not avoided, can re-
sult in property damage
Sections describing activities to be performed by
qualified persons only
Information that is important for a specific topic or
goal, but is not safety-relevant
Indicates a requirement for meeting a specific goal
Desired result
A problem that might occur
1 Information on this Document SMA Solar Technology AG
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1.5 Nomenclature
Complete designation Designation in this document
SunnyTripower Inverter, product
1 Information on this Document
SMA Solar Technology AG
Operating Manual 7STP20-25TL-BE-en-11

2 Safety
2.1 Intended Use
The SunnyTripower is a transformerless PV inverter with two MPP trackers which converts the direct
current of the PV array to grid-compliant three-phase current and feeds it into the utility grid.
The product is suitable for indoor and outdoor use.
The product must only be operated with PV arrays of protection class II in accordance with
IEC61730, application class A. The PV modules must be compatible with this product.
PV modules with a high capacity to ground must only be used if their coupling capacity does not
exceed 3.5 μF (for information on how to calculate the coupling capacity, see the Technical
Information "Leading Leakage Currents" at www.SMA-Solar.com).
All components must remain within their permitted operating ranges at all times.
The product must only be used in countries for which it is approved or released by
SMASolarTechnologyAG and the grid operator.
Use this product only in accordance with the information provided in the enclosed documentation
and with the locally applicable standards and directives. Any other application may cause
personal injury or property damage.
Alterations to the product, e.g. changes or modifications, are only permitted with the express written
permission of SMASolarTechnologyAG. Unauthorized alterations will void guarantee and
warranty claims and usually void the operation permit. SMASolarTechnologyAG shall not be
held liable for any damage caused by such changes.
Any use of the product other than that described in the Intended Use section does not qualify as
appropriate.
The enclosed documentation is an integral part of this product. Keep the documentation in a
convenient place for future reference and observe all instructions contained therein.
The type label must remain permanently attached to the product.
2.2 Safety Information
This section contains safety information that must be observed at all times when working on or with
the product.
To prevent personal injury and property damage and to ensure long-term operation of the product,
read this section carefully and observe all safety information at all times.
2 Safety SMA Solar Technology AG
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Danger to life due to high voltages of the PV array
When exposed to sunlight, the PV array generates dangerous DC voltage which is present in the
DC conductors and the live components of the inverter. Touching the DC conductors or the live
components can lead to lethal electric shocks. If you disconnect the DC connectors from the
inverter under load, an electric arc may occur leading to electric shock and burns.
• Do not touch uninsulated cable ends.
• Do not touch the DC conductors.
• Do not touch any live components of the inverter.
• Have the inverter mounted, installed and commissioned only by qualified persons with the
appropriate skills.
• If an error occurs, have it rectified by qualified persons only.
• Prior to performing any work on the inverter, disconnect it from all voltage sources as
described in this document (see Section9 "Disconnecting the Inverter from Voltage Sources",
page38).
Danger to life due to electric shock
Touching an ungrounded PV module or array frame can cause a fatal electric shock.
• Connect and ground the PV modules, array frame and electrically conductive surfaces so
that there is continuous conduction. Observe the applicable local regulations.
Risk of burns due to hot enclosure parts
Some parts of the enclosure can get hot during operation.
• Do not touch any parts other than the lower enclosure lid of the inverter during operation.
Damage to the seal of the enclosure lids in subfreezing conditions
If you open the upper and lower enclosure lids in subfreezing conditions, the seals on the
enclosure lids can be damaged. This can lead to moisture entering the inverter.
• Do not open the inverter at ambient temperatures lower than -5°C.
• If a layer of ice has formed on the seal of the lid in subfreezing conditions, remove it prior to
opening the enclosure lids of the inverter (e.g. by melting the ice with warm air). Observe the
applicable safety regulations.
2 Safety
SMA Solar Technology AG
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3 Scope of Delivery
Check the scope of delivery for completeness and any externally visible damage. Contact your
distributor if the scope of delivery is incomplete or damaged.
Figure 1: Components included in the scope of delivery
Position Quantity Designation
A 1 Inverter
B 1 DC load-break switch
C 1 Wall mounting bracket
D 1 Operating manual, supplementary sheet with default set-
tings, installation manual of the DC connector
E 6 Negative DC connector
F 6 Positive DC connector
G 6 Sealing plug
H 1 Clamping bracket
I 1 Cylindrical screw M6x16
K 1 Conical spring washer M6
3 Scope of Delivery SMA Solar Technology AG
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4 Product Description
4.1 SunnyTripower
The SunnyTripower is a transformerless PV inverter with two MPP trackers which converts the direct
current of the PV array to grid-compliant three-phase current and feeds it into the utility grid.
Figure 2: Design of the SunnyTripower
Position Designation
A Thread for screwing in two eye bolts for transport
B Type label
The type label uniquely identifies the inverter. You will require the infor-
mation on the type label to use the product safely and when seeking cus-
tomer support from the SMAServiceLine. You will find the following in-
formation on the type label:
• Device type (Model)
• Serial number (SerialNo.)
• Date of manufacture
• Device-specific characteristics
C Ventilation grid
D Recessed grip
E LEDs
The LEDs indicate the operating state of the inverter (see Section4.2 "LED
Signals", page13).
4 Product Description
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Position Designation
F DC load-break switch
The inverter is equipped with a DC load-break switch. If the DC load-
break switch is set to the position I, it establishes a conductive connection
between the PV array and the inverter. Setting the DC load-break switch
to the O position interrupts the DC electric circuit and completely discon-
nects the PV array from the inverter. Disconnection takes place at all
poles.
G Lower enclosure lid
H Upper enclosure lid
Symbols on the Inverter and on the Type Label
Symbol Explanation
Inverter
Together with the green LED, this symbol indicates the operating state of
the inverter.
Observe the documentation.
Together with the red LED, this symbol indicates an error (for trou-
bleshooting, see the service manual at www.SMA-Solar.com).
Data transmission
Danger
This symbol indicates that the inverter must be additionally grounded if a
second grounding conductor or equipotential bonding is required lo-
cally .
QRCode
Links to additional information on the inverter can be found at
www.SMA-Solar.com.
Danger to life due to electric shock
The product operates at high voltages. All work on the product must be
carried out by qualified persons only.
Risk of burns due to hot surfaces
The product can get hot during operation. Avoid contact during opera-
tion. Allow the product to cool down sufficiently before carrying out any
work.
4 Product Description SMA Solar Technology AG
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Symbol Explanation
Observe the documentation.
Observe all documentation supplied with the product.
Direct current
The product does not have a transformer.
Three-phase alternating current with neutral conductor
WEEE designation
Do not dispose of the product together with the household waste but in
accordance with the locally applicable disposal regulations for electronic
waste.
CE marking
The product complies with the requirements of the applicable EU direc-
tives.
Degree of protectionIP65
The product is protected against dust intrusion and water jets from any
angle.
The product is suitable for outdoor installation.
Certified safety
The product is VDE-tested and complies with the requirements of the Ger-
man Equipment and Product Safety Act.
RCM (Regulatory Compliance Mark)
The product complies with the requirements of the applicable Australian
standards.
4.2 LED Signals
The LEDs indicate the operating state of the inverter.
4 Product Description
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LED Status Explanation
Green LED glowing Feed-in operation
If an event occurs during feed-in operation, an event mes-
sage will be shown in the communication product (for
event messages see the service manual at www.SMA-So-
lar.com).
flashing The conditions for feed-in operation are not yet met. As
soon as the conditions are met, the inverter will start feed-
in operation.
Red LED glowing Error
An error has occurred. The error must be rectified by a
qualified person (for troubleshooting, see the service man-
ual at www.SMA-Solar.com).
Blue LED - No function
4.3 Interfaces and Functions
The inverter can be equipped or retrofitted with the following interfaces and functions:
SMA Speedwire/Webconnect
The inverter is equipped with SMA Speedwire/Webconnect as standard. SMA Speedwire/
Webconnect is a type of communication based on the Ethernet standard. This enables inverter-
optimized 10/100Mbit data transmission between Speedwire devices in PV systems and the
software Sunny Explorer. The Webconnect function enables direct data transmission between the
inverters of a small-scale system and the Internet portal SunnyPortal without any additional
communication device and for a maximum of four inverters per SunnyPortal system. In large-scale
PV power plants, data transmission to the Internet portal SunnyPortal is carried out via the
SMAClusterController. You can access your SunnyPortal system from any computer with an
Internet connection.
SMA Speedwire/Webconnect enables, for PV systems operated in Italy, the connection to or
disconnection of the inverter from the utility grid and definition of the frequency limits to be used
with IEC61850-GOOSE messages.
RS485 interface
The inverter can communicate via cables with special SMA communication products via the RS485
interface (information on supported SMAproducts at www.SMA-Solar.com). The RS485 interface
can be retrofitted.
Grid Management Services
The inverter is equipped with service functions for grid management.
Depending on the requirements of the grid operator, you can activate and configure the functions
(e.g. active power limitation) via operating parameters.
4 Product Description SMA Solar Technology AG
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SMA Power Control Module
The SMAPowerControlModule enables the inverter to implement grid management services and
is equipped with an additional multifunction relay (for information on installation and configuration,
see the installation manual of the SMAPowerControlModule). The SMAPowerControlModule
can be retrofitted.
Multifunction Relay
You can configure the multifunction relay for various operating modes. The multifunction relay is
used, for example, to switch fault indicators on or off (for information on installation and
configuration, see the installation manual of the multifunction relay). The multifunction relay can be
retrofitted.
SMA OptiTrac Global Peak
SMAOptiTracGlobalPeak is an advancement of SMAOptiTrac and allows the operating point of
the inverter to follow the MPP precisely at all times. In addition, with the aid of
SMAOptiTracGlobalPeak, the inverter can detect the presence of several maximum power points
in the available operating range, such as may occur particularly with partially shaded strings. SMA
OptiTrac Global Peak is enabled by default.
Surge Arrester Type II
The surge arresters monitor the PV modules and limit dangerous overvoltages. Surge arresters of
typeII can be retrofitted.
4 Product Description
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5 Mounting
5.1 Requirements for Mounting
Requirements for the mounting location:
Danger to life due to fire or explosion
Despite careful construction, electrical devices can cause fires.
• Do not mount the inverter in areas containing highly flammable materials or gases.
• Do not mount the inverter in a potentially explosive atmosphere.
☐ Do not mount the inverter on a pillar.
☐ The mounting location must be inaccessible to children.
☐ A solid support surface must be available for mounting, e.g. concrete or masonry. When
mounted on drywall or similar materials, the inverter emits audible vibrations during operation
which could be perceived as annoying.
☐ The mounting location must be suitable for the weight and dimensions of the inverter (see
Section10 "Technical Data", page41).
☐ To ensure optimum operation, the ambient temperature should be between -25°C and 40°C.
☐ The mounting location should not be exposed to direct solar irradiation. Direct solar irradiation
can cause the inverter to overheat. As a result, the inverter reduces its power output.
☐ Climatic conditions must be met (see Section10 "Technical Data", page41).
☐ The mounting location should be freely and safely accessible at all times without the need for
any auxiliary equipment (such as scaffolding or lifting platforms). Non-fulfillment of these
criteria may restrict servicing.
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Dimensions for mounting:
Figure 3: Position of the anchoring points
Recommended clearances:
If you maintain the recommended clearances, adequate heat dissipation will be ensured. Thus, you
will prevent power reduction due to excessive temperature.
☐ Maintain the recommended clearances to walls as well as to other inverters or objects.
☐ If multiple inverters are mounted in areas with high ambient temperatures, increase the
clearances between the inverters and ensure sufficient fresh-air supply.
5 Mounting
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Figure 4: Recommended clearances
Permitted and prohibited mounting positions:
☐ The inverter must be mounted in one of the permitted positions. This will ensure that no
moisture can penetrate the inverter.
☐ The inverter should be mounted in such a way that LED signals can be read without difficulty.
Figure 5: Permissible and impermissible mounting positions
5.2 Mounting the Inverter
Additionally required mounting material (not included in the scope of delivery):
☐ At least two screws that are suitable for the support surface (size: M10 at maximum)
☐ At least two washers that are suitable for the screws (diameter: 30mm at maximum)
☐ If necessary, two screw anchors suitable for the support surface and the screws
5 Mounting SMA Solar Technology AG
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☐ For transporting the inverter with a crane: two eye bolts suitable for the weight of the inverter
(size: M10)
☐ To secure the inverter from being lifted off: two screws, washers and screw anchors that are
suitable for the support surface
Risk of injury when lifting the inverter, or if it is dropped
The inverter weighs 61kg. There is risk of injury if the inverter is lifted incorrectly or dropped while
being transported or when attaching it to or removing it from the wall mounting bracket.
• Carry and lift the inverter in an upright position
with several people without tilting it. With one
hand grasp the recessed grip, and with the
other hand support the top part of the
enclosure. This will prevent the inverter tipping
forward.
• If the inverter is to be transported and lifted
with a crane, remove the filler plugs on the top
of the inverter and screw the eye bolts into the
threads.
Risk of burns due to hot enclosure parts
Some parts of the enclosure can get hot during operation.
• Mount the inverter in such a way that it cannot be touched inadvertently during operation.
Procedure:
1.
Risk of injury due to damaged cables
There may be power lines or other supply lines (e.g. gas or water) routed in the wall.
• Ensure that no lines are laid in the wall which could be damaged when drilling holes.
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2. Align the wall mounting bracket horizontally on the wall and use it to mark the position of the
drill holes. Use at least one hole on the right-hand and left-hand side in the wall mounting
bracket.
3. If the inverter is to be secured from being lifted off of the wall mounting bracket, mark the
position of the drill holes for the screw that attaches the inverter to the wall mounting bracket.
Observe the dimensions of the two anchoring points at the bottom of the inverter rear panel.
4. Set the wall mounting bracket aside and drill the marked holes.
5. Insert screw anchors into the drill holes if the support surface requires them.
6. Secure the wall mounting bracket horizontally using screws and washers.
7. Hook the inverter into the wall mounting bracket.
8. If the inverter has been transported with a crane, remove the eye bolts from the threads on the
top of the inverter and reinsert the filler plugs.
9. Remove all six screws from the lower enclosure
lid using an Allen key (AF 3).
10. Flip the lower enclosure lid up and remove it.
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