Solar frontier Powerset series User manual

ENGLISHDEUTSCHITALIANONEDERLANDS

Solar Frontier Europe GmbH

Installation and Operating Manual

Installations- und Bedienungsanleitung

Manuale di installazione e funzionamento

Installatie- en bedieningshandleiding

PowerSets with Turbo inverter

PowerSets mit Turbo Wechselrichter

PowerSet con Turbo-invertitore ondulare

PowerSets met Turbo omvormer

2.0-170-1p / 2.4-170-1p / 3.0-165-1p / 3.1-170-1p / 3.1-170-3p /

3.4-170-1p / 3.6-170-1p / 4.0-165-1p / 4.1-170-1p / 4.1-170-3p /

4.8-170-1p / 5.1-170-3p / 5.9-165-1p / 6.0-170-3p / 7.1-170-3p /

8.2-170 -1p

Contents

1. General safety advice 3

1.1 Safety advice for Solar Frontier SF165-S/SF170-S photovoltaic module 3

1.2 Safety advice for Turbo inverters 3

2. Proper usage 3

3. Components included and structure of the PowerSet 3

4. About this manual 4

4.1 Content 4

4.2 Target audience 4

4.3 Markings 4

4.3.1 Symbols 4

4.3.2 Keywords 4

4.3.3 Markings used in the text 4

4.3.4 Abbreviations 5

5. Installation 5

5.1 Mounting system / substructure 5

5.2 Mechanical installation of Solar Frontier SF165-S/SF170-S

photovoltaic module 5

5.2.1 Site location 5

5.2.2 Handling instructions 5

5.2.3 Mounting instructions 5

5.3 Electrical installation photovoltaic generator 7

5.3.1 Electrical wiring safety precautions 7

5.3.2 Cabling 7

5.3.3 Grounding 8

5.3.4 Electrical wiring 8

5.4 Installation of Turbo inverter 9

5.4.1 Safety measures during installation 9

5.4.2 Mounting the inverter 9

5.4.3 Preparing the AC connections 9

5.4.4 Preparing the DC connections 10

5.4.5 Preparing the data connection cable 10

5.4.6 Connecting the inverter and switching on the AC power 10

5.4.7 Initial commissioning of the inverter 10

5.4.8 Switching on the DC supply 11

5.4.9 De-installing the inverter 11

6. Structure and function of the Turbo inverter 12

6.1 Casing 12

6.2 Operating buttons 12

6.3 Overview of operating functions 13

6.4 Service menu 13

6.5 Troubleshooting 14

7. Maintenance 15

7.1 Maintenance of Solar Frontier SF165-S/SF170-S photovoltaic module 15

7.2 Maintenance of DC system 15

7.3 Maintenance of Turbo inverter 15

8. Transport and storage 16

9. Disposal 16

9.1 Disposal within the EU 16

9.2 Disposal outside the EU 16

10. Technical data and data sheets 16

10.1 Solar Frontier SF165-S/SF170-S photovoltaic module 16

10.2 Technical data for Turbo inverter 17

10.3 Technical data for AC cable and line circuit breakers 18

10.4 Table of countries 18

10.5 Plug and socket 21

10.5.1 Product information for plug and socket 21

10.5.2 Product information for DC cable 21

11. Exclusion of liability 21

12. Contact 21

13. Appendices 21

13.1 AC plug for Turbo inverter 21

13.2 SunClix connector 25

ENGLISH

1. General Safety Advice

Please ensure all necessary measures are taken to prevent accidents. The use of

PowerSets in applications that may endanger human lives is prohibited, including

in air and road transport systems.

PowerSets must not be used for anything other than their expressed purpose.

Solar Frontier strongly advises you to follow the instructions below in order to

avoid bodily injury, damage to property and/or death.

PowerSets sold by Solar Frontier GmbH may only be installed by authorized

professionals (see 4.2). As soon as it becomes evident that safe operation is

no longer possible (e.g., visible damage), remove the PowerSet immediately

from the grid.

1.1 Safety advice for Solar Frontier SF165-S/SF170-S

photovoltaic modules

•Installation, wiring and maintenance of SF modules must only be carried out

by licensed and trained persons.

•Ensure that all instructions and warnings related to SF modules and all instruc-

tions from the manufacturer of the system components are fully understood

prior to installing and operating a PV solar system.

•The front surface of SF modules should be covered with an opaque material

during installation to decrease the potential of electrical shock.

•SF modules only generate direct current (DC) electricity.

•SF modules do not have the ability to store electricity.

•SF modules will experience higher voltage when connected in series and

higher electrical current when connected in parallel.

•Only interconnect SF modules with similar electrical characteristics in series or

in parallel to prevent system imbalance conditions and module damage.

•The PV array open circuit voltage must never exceed the maximum system voltage

(including in low temperature conditions)

•Excessive leakage currents are a shock and ﬁre hazard.

•Under no circumstances disconnect the cable from operational modules or

electrical arcing may occur. This may result in serious bodily harm or death.

•Do not use SF modules for purposes other than terrestrial power generation to

prevent electrical shock, ﬁre and other accidents.

•Do not artiﬁcially concentrate sunlight on modules using lenses or mirrors.

•Do not use light sources other than natural sunlight and general illumination for

power generation.

•Do not use SF modules in water or liquid. Contact with water or other liquid signiﬁ-

cantly increases the risk of electric shock.

•The level of leakage current must be limited in accordance with local regulati-

ons for safety reasons.

•Carefully check the polarity of the connections before installing. Incorrect

wiring may damage SF modules or appliances.

•Only use tools, plugs, cables and support structures suitable for solar electric

systems.

•Wear appropriate protective clothing when working on SF modules and take

all necessary precautions to prevent electric shock, especially when DC voltage

exceeds 30 V.

1.2 Safety advice for Turbo inverters

•Install and use the device only after reading and understanding this document.

•Always perform the measures described in this document in the sequence

speciﬁed.

•Keep this document in a safe place for the entire service life of the device. Pass the

document on to subsequent owners and operators of the device.

•Improper operation can reduce the yields of the photovoltaic system.

•The device must not be connected to the DC or AC cables if it has a damaged

casing.

•Switch the device oﬀ immediately and disconnect it from the grid and the

solar modules if any of the following components is damaged:

- Device (not functioning, visible damage, smoke emission, penetration by

liquid, etc.)

- Cables

- Solar modules

•The system must not be switched back on until

- the device has been repaired by the dealer or manufacturer.

- damaged cables or solar modules have been repaired by a technical

professional.

•Never cover the cooling ﬁns.

•Do not open the casing. Danger! This will void the warranty!

•Factory labels and markings must never be altered, removed or rendered

unreadable.

•Observe the respective manufacturer‘s manual when connecting an external

device that is not described in this document (e.g., external data logger). Incor-

rectly connected components can damage the inverter.

Safety advice for the device:

For the Turbo 1P inverter:

Figure 1

10min

Isoler les deux sources

avant toute

intervention

Attention

Présence de deux sources

de tension

Réseau de distribution

Panneaux photovoltaïques

1Dangerous voltages can remain present

on the components up to 10 minutes after

switching oﬀ the DC circuit breaker and the

line circuit breaker.

2Warning. There are two voltage sources

present: power grid, solar modules.

3Disconnect both voltage sources from

the device before working on the device:

solar modules by means of the DC circuit

breaker and grid by means of the line

circuit breaker.

4Read and follow the instructions!

For the Turbo 3P1 / 3P2 inverter:

Figure 2

1Serial number as a bar code and in plain text

2Read and follow the instructions!

3The surfaces of the casing may be hot!

2. Proper usage

The PowerSet may only be used in grid-connected photovoltaic systems. The

modules, inverter, cables, and connectors have been mutually calibrated for best

performance. The connections may not be grounded.

3. Components included and structure of the

PowerSet

The Solar Frontier PowerSet comprises the following components. The number of

components required can be determined using the list below based on the type

of PowerSet you have:

1Solar Frontier SF165-S/SF170-S photovoltaic module

2Solar Frontier Turbo 1P / 3P1 / 3P2 inverter (incl. inverter, mounting plate,

1 pair SunClix connectors and AC plug)

Connecting cable (versions for + and - with 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 outgoing circuits)

4DC cable (50 m or 100 m)

5DC plugs and DC sockets (3 of each in one pack)

6Unlocking tool

7Installation and maintenance manual

Area PowerSet Description Capacity Modules Inverters

Grid

connection Connecting cable

cable

Plugs &

sockets

Modules

in series Unlocking tool

15.6 m² PowerSet 2.0-170-1p 2.04 kWp 12 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 1P 1ph 1 x 2(+) & 1 x 2(-) 50 m 3 + 3 6 1

18.2 m² PowerSet 2.4-170-1p 2.38 kWp 14 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 1P 1ph 1 x 2(+) & 1 x 2(-) 50 m 3 + 3 7 1

23.4 m² PowerSet 3.0-165-1p 2.97 kWp 18 x SF165-S 1 x Turbo 1P 1ph 1 x 3(+) & 1 x 3(-) 50 m 3 + 3 6 1

23.4 m² PowerSet 3.1-170-1p 3.06 kWp 18 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 1P 1ph 1 x 3(+) & 1 x 3(-) 50 m 3 + 3 6 1

23.4 m² PowerSet 3.1-170-3p 3.06 kWp 18 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 3P1 3ph 1 x 3(+) & 1 x 3(-) 50 m 3 + 3 6 1

26.0 m² PowerSet 3.4-170-1p 3.40 kWp 20 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 1P 1ph 1 x 4(+) & 1 x 4(-) 50 m 3 + 3 5 1

27.3 m² PowerSet 3.6-170-1p 3.57 kWp 21 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 1P 1ph 1 x 3(+) & 1 x 3(-) 50 m 3 + 3 7 1

31.2 m² PowerSet 4.0-165-1p 3.96 kWp 24 x SF165-S 1 x Turbo 1P 1ph 1 x 4(+) & 1 x 4(-) 50 m 3 + 3 6 1

31.2 m² PowerSet 4.1-170-1p 4.08 kWp 24 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 1P 1ph 1 x 4(+) & 1 x 4(-) 50 m 3 + 3 6 1

31.2 m² PowerSet 4.1-170-3p 4.08 kWp 24 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 3P1 3ph 1 x 4(+) & 1 x 4(-) 50 m 3 + 3 6 1

36.4 m² PowerSet 4.8-170-1p 4.76 kWp 28 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 1P 1ph 1 x 4(+) & 1 x 4(-) 50 m 3 + 3 7 1

39.0 m² PowerSet 5.1-170-3p 5.10 kWp 30 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 3P2 3ph 1 x 5(+) & 1 x 5(-) 50 m 3 + 3 6 1

45.5 m² PowerSet 6.0-170-3p 5.95 kWp 35 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 3P2 3ph 1 x 5(+) & 1 x 5(-) 50 m 3 + 3 7 1

54.6 m² PowerSet 7.1-170-3p 7.14 kWp 42 x SF170-S 1 x Turbo 3P2 3ph 1 x 6(+) & 1 x 6(-) 50 m 3 + 3 7 1

62.4 m² PowerSet 8.2-170-1p 8.16 kWp 48 x SF170-S 2 x Turbo 1P 1ph 2 x 4(+) & 2 x 4(-) 100 m 6 + 6 6 1

The following are not included: mounting structure and clamps; mounting tool and cable assembly tool; data logger.

Schematic structure based on PowerSet example

3.1

Figure 3

4. About this Manual

4.1 Contents

These instructions contain all information required by a technical professional for

setting up and operating the inverters.

When installing other components (e.g., AC cable, mounting system) follow the

manufacturer's instructions.

4.2 Target audience

Unless otherwise indicated, the target audiences of this manual are technical

professionals and system operators.

Technical professionals are persons who, for example:

•have the knowledge of terminology and the skills necessary for setting up and

operating photovoltaic systems;

•because of their professional training, knowledge and experience and know-

ledge of the relevant regulations can assess the following tasks and recognise

possible dangers:

- mounting electrical devices

- assembling and connecting data cables

- assembling and connecting power supply cables.

4.3 Markings

4.3.1 Symbols

Symbol Description Location

General danger warning Manual

Danger from electricity Manual / device

Read manual before using the product. Device

Danger from hot surfaces

(only for Turbo 3P1 / 3P2 inverter) Manual / device

4.3.2 Keywords

Keywords used in conjunction with the symbols described above:

Keyword Description

Danger Immediate danger of death or serious bodily injury

Warning Possible danger of death or serious bodily injury

Caution

Possible danger of light or medium bodily injury

Attention Possible damage to property

Advice Tips on operation or usage of the manual

4.3.3 Markings used in the text

Markings Description

√ Condition for action

Single step

1., 2., 3., ... Several steps in series

cursive light emphasis

bold strong emphasis

Courier Designation of product elements such as buttons,

displays, operating state

ENGLISH

4.3.4 Abbreviations

Abbreviation

Description

ACurrent in amperes

AC Alternating current voltage

DC Direct current voltage

Derating Power reduction

DHCP The use of DHCP allows automatic integration of the device into

an existing network (Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol)

MSD Internal mains monitoring for the inverter (mains monitoring

units with allocated all-pole switching devices).

RC Residual current

ICurrent

lkShort circuit current

Impp Current at maximum power point

kVA Kilovoltampere

kW Kilowatt

kWh Kilowatt-hour(s)

mMetre

m2Square metre

MPP Operating point with the highest output (maximum power point)

MPP tra

cker

Controls the power of the connected module strings to match the

MPP

Nm Newton metre

PElectrical power

Pa Pascal

PV Photovoltaic

SELV, TBTS,

MBTS Schutzkleinspannung (EN: safety extra low voltage; FR: Très Basse

Tension de Sécurité; ES: Muy Baja Tensión de Seguridad)

SF Solar Frontier

STC Standard test conditions

UVoltage

ULOpen circuit voltage

Umpp Voltage at maximum power point

UPV

The generator voltage present at the DC connection (photovol-

taic voltage)

VVolt

W/m2Watt per square metre

ηEﬃciency

5. Installation

Compliance with all relevant national and local laws, regulations and di-

rectives, especially for accident avoidance, as well as all relevant technical

standards is mandatory for a safe installation.

5.1 Mounting system / substructure

The PowerSets are delivered without mounting systems. In general, all commonly

available mounting systems which ensure proper mounting following the guideli-

nes in point 5.2.3 are suitable. Your installer will be able to suggest an appropriate

solution.

5.2 Mechanical installation of Solar Frontier SF165-S/

SF170-S photovoltaic modules

5.2.1 Site location

•Ensure that the maximum wind and snow loads in local conditions do not

exceed the SF module maximum load ratings.

•Avoid installing SF modules in areas where they are exposed to oil vapour and/

or corrosive gas.

•Avoid accumulation of grit or dust on the SF modules as it may reduce the

output yield.

•Do not expose SF modules to sulphurous atmospheres.

•Do not install SF modules in locations where ﬂammable gases accumulate or

ﬂow as there is a risk of sparks from SF PV modules.

•Do not install SF modules near ﬁre.

•Avoid installing SF modules in locations where they may be covered by perma-

nent shadows.This may adversely aﬀect their performance.

•Do not install SF modules in locations where temperatures exceed the tempe-

rature range indicated in the module’s technical speciﬁcations.

5.2.2 Handling instructions

•Do not disassemble or modify SF modules. This may result in an electric shock,

ﬁre or other accidents. Solar Frontier cannot be held responsible for any loss or

damage caused by unauthorized disassembling, modiﬁcation or misuse of SF

modules.

•Do not drill additional mounting holes into the aluminium frame. Only pre-

drilled holes should be used.

•Avoid placing any stress onto the SF modules, cables or connectors.

(Minimum bending radius of 39 mm (1.54 in) for module cables is recommen-

ded)

•Do not stand or step on SF modules. This may result in damage to the module

and/or bodily harm by falling.

•Do not drop SF modules or drop objects onto them. Both sides of the module

(the glass surface and the back sheet) are fragile.

•Do not strike the terminal box or pull the cables. The terminal box can crack

and break, while the output cable may unplug and cause electricity leakage or

an electric shock.

•Do not scratch the back sheet or cables of the SF modules. Rubbing or scrat-

ching may result in an electric shock, electric leakage or an accident.

•Do not scratch the insulation coating of the frame (except for the grounding

connection). This may weaken the strength of the frame or cause corrosion.

•Do not cover the water drain holes of the frame. Doing so may cause frost

damage.

•Do not use glue when closing the cover of the junction box. Similarly, do not

use a sealant to bond the junction box lid to its base.

5.2.3 Mounting instructions

Mounting structures cautions

•Pay attention to the electrochemical series when selecting support structure

material to avoid galvanic corrosion.

•Fasten and lock bolts completely. Inadequate mounting may result in SF mo-

dules falling or other accidents.

•Make sure that SF modules have been connected securely to the substructure.

The substructure should consist of durable, rustproof, UV resistant material.

Please adhere to national regulations.

•Ensure that your mounting support structure is designed to withstand the

SF module design snow and wind loads applicable for the chosen site. Solar

Frontier will not be responsible if the SF modules are damaged due to the

durability of the mounting support structure. Please consult your mounting

structure manufacturer.

Mounting the solar modules

•PV modules should typically face south in the Northern Hemisphere and north

in the Southern Hemisphere for optimum power production.

•Modules can be installed horizontally (landscape) or vertically (portrait).

•Maintain a space between SF modules and the roof. This will allow air to circu-

late, cooling the module, and allow condensation to dissipate. Solar Frontier

recommends a distance of at least 100 mm (3.94 in).

Mounting with clamps

Four or more corrosion-proof clamps should be used to fasten the SF modules to

the support structure securely. The clamps should be secured within the indicated

clamping zones (256 mm +/- 75 mm (10.08 in +/- 2.95 in) from the corners of the

long side of the module) using stainless steel M8 bolts with a minimum length of

20 mm (0.79 in).

All clamps must be at least 50 mm (1.97 in) long and 3 mm (0.12 in) thick and

overlap the module frame by 8 mm (0.31 in) or more.

Clamps must not create shadow nor cover the front glass, and shall not deform

the module frames during installation. For further instructions please contact the

clamp manufacturer.

Maximum load: 2,400 Pa (50 lbs/ft2) to the front and back of the module

Module perpendicular to support rails

Landscape (horizontal) Portrait (vertical)

256 mm 745 mm

75 mm 75 mm (2.95 in) 75 mm 75 mm (2.95 in)

(2.95 in)(2.95 in)

(2.95 in)

(10.08 in)

(10.08 in) (29.33 in)

(29.33 in)

Figure 4

Cross section of an array

Array Installation (section)

ape (ho

End clamp Middle clamp

Module

support rail

Bolt

Module Module

Nut

Module Module

Module

Clamp to module overlap

min 8 mm (0.31in)

8mm 8 mm 3 mm

3 mm

(10 08

(29 3

(0.31 in) (0.31 in)

(0.12 in) (0.12 in)

Figure 5

Module parallel to support rails

256 mm

75 mm

745 mm

75 mm (2.95 in)

75 mm 75 mm (2.95 in) 75 mm (2.95 in)

75 mm

75 mm (2.95 in)75 mm

745 mm

256 mm

75 mm 75 mm (2.95 in) 75 mm (2.95 in)75 mm

75 mm 75 mm (2.95 in)

(10.08 in)

(10.08 in) (29.33 in)

(29.33 in) Figure 6

Cross section of an array

Middle clamp

Module

support rail

Bolt

End clamp

Module Module Module

Module Module

Module to rail overlap,

min 10 mm (0.39 in)

10 mm

(0.39 in)

10 mm

(0.39 in)

Nut Nut

8 mm (0.31 in)

Clamp to module overlap,

min 8 mm (0,31 in)

8 mm (0.31 in) 3 mm (0.12 in)

3 mm (0.12 in)

95 n)

Figure 7

For alternative mounting methods please consult Solar Frontier.

ENGLISH

5.3 Electrical installation photovoltaic generator

5.3.1 Electrical wiring safety precautions

•The sum of Voc of modules in series must not exceed the maximum system volta-

ge of the module under any condition. Reverse current applied to the modules

must not exceed 7 A

•Do not touch or handle the PV module, terminal box or the end of output

cables with bare hands.

•Do not carry out installation when PV modules, installation tools or installation

area are exposed to water.

•Ensure that the connection parts between SF modules and power receiving

devices are isolated and waterproof. Using SF modules with insuﬃcient isola-

tion and waterprooﬁng could result in an electric shock, an electric leak or an

accident.

•Keep the junction box and connecting cables away from any liquids until the

connectors are mated. Failure to do this may cause faulty wiring.

•The connecting components between the modules must be compatible

with the connecting system. They must enable them to work perfectly and

completely safely.

•Inverters must meet the technical requirements of SF modules.

•Do not connect the PV modules directly to loads such as motors. Variation in

output power may damage the motor.

•Observe and understand the safety instructions of batteries. Their misuse can

result in serious bodily harm due to high electrical current.

•Cables should be adequately protected from damage by wildlife.

5.3.2 Cabling

Solar Frontier places great value on delivering as many components as possible

pre-assembled in order to help avoid sources of error.

As each roof and PV installation has its own peculiarities, certain cables have to be

adapted on site to the system and assembled accordingly. For example, the cables

for extending the connecting cables to reach the inverter have to be assembled

on site. In addition, if there are obstructions on the roof (e.g. dormers) it may be

necessary to bridge the increased distance with extension cables. The DC cable,

sockets and plugs which are included in the PowerSet are for this purpose.

An Amphenol crimping tool (H4TC0001) is also required for crimping the contacts.

This is not included in the PowerSet. Pre-assembled connecting cables must not

be altered.

Please ensure a clean and proper assembly of the cables to avoid error sour-

ces and to ensure safe cabling.

The following tools are required to assemble the cables:

- Mounting key (not included in the delivery)

- Crimping tool for twisted contacts (not included in the delivery)

- Insulation stripping pliers (not included in the delivery)

Shortening and stripping the insulation from the DC cable

First, the cable has to be shortened to the proper length. Then the outer insulation

is removed with suitable insulation stripping pliers to a length of 7-8 mm.

Please take care not to damage the wires in the DC cable. This could reduce

the cross section and cause electrical faults.

See Figures 8 and 9:

Figure 9

Figure 8

Crimping the twisted contacts

Push the stripped end of the cable into the opening in the crimp sleeve as shown

in Figure 10. Make sure that all of the wires are inside the contact crimp sleeve.

The wires must be visible in the small opening.

Inspection hole

Figure 10

Use only the Amphenol crimping tool (H4TC0001) to crimp the contacts. For more

detailed information on using the crimping tool please consult the manufacturer's

operating manual.

See Figures 11 and 12:

Fig ur e 11 Figure 12

A visual check of the crimping results and a pull test are needed to ensure correct

crimping. See Figures 13 and 14.

Figure 13

Figure 14

The pull test should be for at least 310 Newton.

Assembling the plugs and sockets

To assemble the plugs and socket the respective cover should be pushed over the

contact until a clear click is heard or felt. The click shows that the contact is in the

right position in the plug/socket. Contacts cannot be released when they have

been positioned.

See Figures 15 to 18:

Figure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

Figure 18

The covering cap is to be tightened with 2.6 to 2.9 Nm. A suitable installation

spanner can be used for this purpose.

Figure 22

Series connection Parallel connection

Junction box

Carry out installation and wiring work in compliance with all relevant health, safety and environment laws and regulations.

Diagram showing standard module cabling with obstruction

If obstructions make it impossible to connect modules directly side-by-side, the plugs, sockets and DC cable provided can be used to bridge gaps. A simple example is

shown in Figure 23:

Roof window

Extension Cable

Figure 23

Connecting and disconnecting the plug/socket combination:

Connect the plug and socket to each other. A click shows that the connection has been successful. A suita-

ble tool is necessary to open and disconnect the plug/socket combination.. This could be the disconnec-

ting tool as delivered or another suitable tool. See Figure 19.

Never disconnect the plug/socket combination when the system is in operation in order to avoid

electric arcs which can lead to serious injury or death.

Figure 19

5.3.3 Grounding

Grounding cautions

•Be aware of the necessary grounding requirements prior to installation. Your local

authorities can help you further.

•Install arrestors, surge absorbers or any other appropriate lightning protection tools

as needed.

•Module frames, mountings, connection boxes and metal conduits should be

connected to an earth ground as lightning protection, in accordance with local,

regional and national standards and regulations.

•Holes (d 4 mm, 0.16 in) are provided in the aluminium frame of the SF module to

accommodate grounding. The grounding cable must be attached to the module

frame with a screw and washer. There must be an electrical contact. Use a copper

grounding cable with a cross section of at least 2 mm² (AWG14) and a temperature

range of at least -40 to 85 °C.

•Alternatively, it is possible to use grounding lugs with integrated grounding pin,

lock washers and grounding clips or brackets for PV modules as per NEC Section

250. These components must be used in compliance with the grounding device

manufacturer's guidelines. Consult the grounding device manufacturer to identify

the appropriate grounding and bonding device for your mounting structure or

design.

For alternative grounding methods please consult Solar Frontier.

Connect the grounding cable to the point marked with the electrical earth symbol .

Please refer to further instructions provided by the screw or bolt manufacturer.

Figure 20

Rolling Thread Screw

Lock Washer

Crimping Terminal

Grounding Cable

PV module frame

Grounding (IEC)

Figure 21

5.3.4 Electrical wiring

•The SF modules have a connecting cable with one plug for each pole. Use these to connect the module.

•Do not open the junction box.

•Fasten the module cable to the frame or to the mounting system in order to avoid any stress to the connector.

•Cables drooping from the terminal box are hazardous and must be avoided.

•Cables should be secured so they are not exposed to direct sunlight (such as behind the module).

•The sum of Voc of modules in series must not exceed the maximum system voltage rating of the module under any condition, even at low temperature.

•Reverse current applied to the modules should not exceed 7 A under any condition.

•Minimum cable diameter: 2.5 mm² (0.004 in²) .

ENGLISH

5.4 Installation of Turbo inverters

5.4.1 Safety measures during installation

Observe the following safety notes when performing the work described in

section Installation.

Danger

Risk of death by electrocution

•Only technical professionals may perform the work described in section

Installation.

•Always disconnect all DC and AC cables as follows before starting work on the inverter:

Turn the AC circuit breaker to oﬀ. Take measures to prevent the system from

being unintentionally switched on again.

2. Set the DC circuit breaker on the inverter to position 0. Take measures to

prevent the system from being unintentionally switched on again.

Disconnect the Amphenol Helios H4 connectors of the DC cables according to

the manufacturer's instructions. A special tool is required for this.

Warning: DC cables are under current if light falls on the modules.

4. Remove the AC plug from the inverter as described in section 5.4.9.

Check that all pins of the AC plug are free of voltage. Use a suitable voltmeter

for this (do not use a simple neon phase checker).

•Do not connect cables to the inverter until explicitly asked to do so in the

instructions.

•Do not open the casing of the inverter.

•Connect only SELV circuits to the RJ45 sockets.

•Lay the cables such that the connection cannot come loose accidentally.

•When laying cables, ensure that no damage occurs to any of the constructional

ﬁre safety measures in the building.

•Make sure that no ﬂammable gases are present.

•Observe all applicable installation regulations and standards, national laws and

connection values speciﬁed by the regional power supply company.

Attention

Danger of damage to the inverter or derating!

•The mounting location must satisfy the following conditions:

- The mounting surface and the immediate environment are stationary,

vertical, level, ﬂame retardant and not constantly vibrating.

- They meet the requirements for environmental conditions; see 10.2, Technical

data for Turbo inverter.

- The inverter has the following clearances around it:

above/below: at least 200 mm

to the sides/in front: at least 60 mm

•Do not install the inverter in areas where animals are kept.

•Observe the connection ratings speciﬁed on the type plate.

•The DC cables must not be connected to an earth potential (DC inputs and AC

output are not galvanically isolated).

Attention

When transmitting data over a public network:

•Transmitting data over a public network can incur additional costs.

•Data transmitted over a public network is not protected from access by third

parties.

Advice

•Avoid exposing the inverter to direct sunlight.

5.4.2 Mounting the inverter

Fastening the mounting plate

Screw the mounting plate to the mounting surface using 4 screws:

•Use screws (and dowels etc.) appropriate for the weight of the inverter.

•The mounting plate must lie ﬂat on the mounting surface and the metal strips

at the sides must point forwards (Figure 25).

•Install the mounting plate vertically with the retaining plate

at the top (Figure 25).

*Outdoor Turbo

Figure 25

Figure 24

Mounting the inverter on the mounting plate

1. Pick up the inverter by its handles 1or edges, place it in the middle of the

mounting plate 1and press in gently 2(Figure 26).

2. Lower the inverter

until the retaining plate on the mounting plate clicks

audibly into place.

The hooks on the back of the inverter must pass over the lugs on the moun-

ting plate.

3. The inverter must be ﬁrmly seated on the mounting plate and it must not be

possible to push it upwards.

Advice

The procedure for removing the inverter from the mounting plate is described in 6.4.9

5.4.3 Preparing the AC connections

Line circuit breaker

Information on the required line circuit breaker and the cables to be used between

the inverter and the line circuit breaker is provided in chapter 10.3.

Residual current circuit breaker

If the local installation regulations require the installation of an external residu-

al current circuit breaker, then a Type A residual current circuit breaker as per

IEC 62109-1, Section 7.3.8. is suﬃcient.

Figure 26

Wiring the AC plug

Danger

Risk of death by electrocution! Observe the warning notes in 5.4.1!

Grid voltage 220 V ... 240 V

Wire the AC plug supplied as described in 13.1.

Grid voltage 100 V ... 127 V

Danger

Risk of death by electrocution! Never connect one of the phases L1, L2 or L3 to PE

or N on the mains grid side.

Advice

If the grid voltage is between 100 V and 127 V, the inverter can be connected

between the external conductors L1, L2 and L3 as follows:

2-phase mains grids

•N and L are connected between the L1 – L2 external conductors on the inver-

ter side. See 2and 3in Figure 27.

•One of the two connected external conductors is connected to PE at the

inverter side. This connection can be made within the AC plug or in an external

junction box.

•Figure 27 shows an example of an inverter-side connection between L1 and PE:

Top: Connection 1in the AC plug 5

Bottom: Connection 4in an external junction box 6

3-phase mains grids

•N and L are connected between the L1 – L2 or L1 – L3 or L2 – L3 external

conductors on the inverter side.

•Connect the external conductor on the inverter side to PE: as above.

•Figure 27: as above.

The external conductor voltages are shown in Figure 28.

4. Wire the AC plug supplied to match the selected external conductors, as

described in chapter 13.1. Do not yet close the AC plug.

5. Connect one of the two connected phases to PE at the inverter side. Make this

connection inside the AC plug or use an external junction box; see Figure 27.

1. If necessary, establish a data connection:

- Connect the inverter and master using the data connection cable.

- Switch on the termination (slide switch) at the last inverter.

2. Push the Amphenol Helios H4 opposing connector of the DC cable ﬁrmly

into the DC connection of the inverter until it audibly clicks into place.

3. Insert the AC plug into the socket on the inverter until it audibly clicks into

place.

4. Switch on the AC line circuit breaker. The start page for initial commissioning

is shown on the display.

5. Perform initial commissioning and switch on the DC supply, as described in

5.4.7 and 5.4.8.

5.4.7 Initial commissioning of the inverter

•Before connecting the PV system to the grid, ensure that the complete system

has been checked, tested and approved in accordance with the relevant

regulations.

•Depending on local regulations, only accredited personnel may connect the

PV system to the grid and commission it.

Function

Conditions for starting initial commissioning

Initial commissioning starts automatically when at least the AC connector has

been installed and switched on as described previously. If initial commissioning is

not fully completed, then it starts anew the next time the device is switched on.

Guided initial commissioning

Initial commissioning is a guided procedure that sets the following information:

•PowerSet

•Display language

•Date / Time

•Country

•Reactive power characteristic curve (if prescribed for the selected country)

Setting the country

The following applies when setting the country:

•The set country must always be the same as the country where the inverter is

installed. This causes the inverter to load the prescribed grid parameters for the

selected country. More information on this is provided in the table of countries

in section 10.4.

•The country can only be set once!

•If you have selected the wrong country, contact your installer or Solar Frontier.

•If you cannot select your country on the inverter, contact your installer or Solar

Frontier.

•The country setting does not aﬀect the language used on the display. The

display language is set separately.

Operation

Starting initial commissioning

√ The check list for initial commissioning is

displayed.

•The PowerSet entry is selected.

•The checkboxes are not selected.

Advices

•When a check list item is called up the corres-

ponding checkbox is automatically selected.

• The following items are only displayed if the

use of a reactive power characteristic curve

is prescribed for the country selected in the

Country item:

•– Reactive power characteristic curve

(reactive power characteristic curve type)

– Number of nodes1)

– Node 11)

– Node 21)

– Node n1) 2)

– Display characteristic curve

1): Only displayed for reactive power characte-

ristic curve type Enter characteristic curve.

2): Only displayed if Number of nodes has

been set to a value > 2.

•Initial commissioning is completed by calling

up the Finish item.

•Finish can only be performed when all other

checkboxes are selected.

Only for the Turbo 1P inverter:

Figure 27

Connecting N and PE

in the AC plug (top)

or distribution box (bottom)

1Connecting cable between N and PE with the connection point inside the AC plug

2External conductor L1

3External conductor L2

4Connecting cable between N and PE with the connection point in the junction box

5Casing of the AC plug

6Junction box

Figure 28

External conductor voltages

in 2 and 3 phase grids with

100 V ...127 V

100 - 127 V

Only for the Turbo 3P1 / 3P2 inverter:

Wire the AC plug provided as described in the following Figure.

1Phase 1

2Phase 2

3Phase 3

As the inverter is protection class II,

the PE protective conductor has no

function and need not be connected.

5Neutral conductor

Figure 29

5.4.4 Preparing the DC connections

Danger

Risk of death by electrocution!

For Multi-Contact MC4 DC connections, the matching Amphenol Helios H4

mating parts must be attached to the DC cable (mating parts are included in the

delivery). Observe the warning notes in 5.4.1.

Use the SunClix connectors provided to maintain the speciﬁc protection class.

Attention

Danger of damage to the inverter and modules.

Connect the mating parts matching the DC connectors to the DC cable with the

correct polarity.

Connect the Amphenol Helios H4 mating parts to the DC cable as per the instruc-

tions in section 5.3.2.

5.4.5 Preparing the data connection cable

If a data connection is required, use a standard RJ45 cable (patch cable, Cat5) or,

if necessary, construct an alternative data connection cable.

5.4.6 Connecting the inverter and switching on the AC power

Danger

Risk of death by electrocution! Observe the warning notes in 5.4.1.

Attention

Maintain a minimum clearance of 200 mm (7.87 in) between the data connection

cables (RS485/Ethernet) and the DC /AC cables to prevent data transmission

interference.

ENGLISH

Starting initial commissioning

1. Press to select a check list item.

2. Press SET to call up the item.

The items are described separately below.

1. Press SET. The ﬁrst digit of the PowerSet

code ﬂashes.

2. Press to change the ﬁrst digit of the

PowerSet code.

Press SET

The change is adopted.

4. Press . The second digit of the PowerSet

code is highlighted.

5. Repeat steps 1 to 3 for the second digit of

the PowerSet code.

Press ESC

The check list is shown.

Language

1. Press to select a display language.

Press SET

The language is adopted.

3. Press ESC. The check list is shown.

Date format

1. Press to select a date format.

2. Press SET. The date format is adopted.

3. Press ESC. The check list is shown.

Date

1. Press SET. The date ﬂashes.

2. Press to change the day.

Press SET

The change is adopted.

4. Press . The month is selected.

5. Repeat steps 1 to 3 for the month.

6. Press . The year is selected.

7. Repeat steps 1 to 3 for the year.

8. Press ESC. The check list is shown.

Time format

Press to select a time format.

Press SET

The time format is adopted.

3. Press ESC. The check list is shown.

Time

1. Press SET. The hour display ﬂashes.

2. Press to change the hour.

Press SET

The change is adopted.

4. Press . The minutes are selected.

5. Repeat steps 1 to 3 for the minutes.

6. Press ESC. The check list is shown.

Country selection

Advice

The country can only be set once!

1. Press to select a country.

2. Press SET.

3. Press ESC. The dialogue shown on the left

is displayed.

4. Press ESC to select a diﬀerent country by

performing steps 1 and 2 or press

SET for a longer period of time (> 1 s) to con-

ﬁrm the currently selected country. The check

list is shown.

Reactive power characteristic curve

1. Press to select the reactive power

characteristic curve type corresponding to the

local regulations.

2. Press SET. The reactive power characteris-

tic curve type is adopted.

3. Press ESC. The check list is shown.

Number of nodes

1. Press SET. The value ﬂashes.

2. Press to change the number of nodes.

3. Press SET. The value is adopted.

4. Press ESC. The check list is shown.

Node n

1. Press to select a parameter for the node.

Advice: P% cannot be changed at the ﬁrst and last

nodes (000%,100%).

2. Press SET. The parameter value ﬂashes.

3. Press to change the value.

Press SET

The change is adopted

5. If necessary repeat steps 1 to 4 for the other

parameters.

6. Press ESC. The check list is shown.

Display characteristic curve

The previously set reactive power characte-

ristic curve is displayed graphically (example in

Fig. left).

2. Press ESC. The check list is shown.

Finish

√ Finish has been selected in the check list

and SET has been pressed.

One of 2 possible dialogues is displayed.

Proceed as follows, depending on the dialogue

•Dialogue Settings are incomplete: Press SET and

work through the open items in the check list.

•Dialogue

Are all settings correct?

Press ESC to correct settings or press

SET for a longer period of time (> 1 s) to ﬁnish

initial commissioning.

2. If SET is pressed for a longer time then the

inverter restarts and synchronises itself with

the grid (Fig. left).

5.4.8 Switching on the DC supply

Set the DC circuit breaker on the inverter to position I

(Figure 30). After testing via the internal MSD (approx.

2 minutes), the power fed into the grid can be shown on

the display (assuming that sunlight is present).

Figure 30

5.4.9 De-installing the inverter

Danger

Risk of death by electrocution!

Only technical professionals may perform the work described in section

De-installing the inverter.

Observe the warning notes in 5.4.1.

6. Structure and function of the Turbo inverter

6.1 Casing

Figure 33

68 7

10 5

1Hood

2Display (monochrome, 128 x 64 pixels)

3Type plate, warning notices

4Operating buttons: ESC, , , SET (from left to right)

51x AC connector

62x RJ45 sockets (RS485 bus)

71x DC connector minus (−) for solar modules

(Multi-Contact DC socket MC4, insulated)

81x RJ45 socket (Ethernet)

91x DC connector plus (+) for solar modules

(Multi-Contact DC socket MC4, insulated)

10 DC circuit breaker

(interrupts plus and minus inputs simultaneously)

The casing components are described in detail below.

6.2 Operating buttons

The operating buttons ( 4in Figure 33) have the following functions:

Button Action Function general Guided conguration

ESC

Press

brieﬂy

jumps up by 1 menu level navigates 1 step

discards any changes

Press longer

(≥ 1 second) jumps to status display

jumps to the start of the gui-

ded conﬁguration process

Press

brieﬂy

• moves the highlighted bar or the content of the

display up

• moves the highlighted position in a numerical setting

one digit to the left

• increases a setting by one step

Press

brieﬂy

• moves the highlighted bar or the content of the

display down

• moves the highlighted position in a numerical setting

one digit to the right

• decreases a setting by one step

SET

Press

brieﬂy

jumps down 1 menu level

–

• a selected numerical value begins to ﬂash and can be

altered

• adopts any changes

• alters the state of a control (checkbox/radio button)

Press longer

(≥ 1 second)

answers a query dialogue with yes

navigates 1 step forward

Table 1

Switching o AC and DC supplies

1. Turn the AC circuit breaker to oﬀ.

2. Set the DC circuit breaker on the inverter to position 0

(Figure 31).

Figure 31

Disconnecting DC connections from the inverter

Disconnect the Amphenol Helios H4 to Multi-Contact MC4 connectors of the

DC cables according to the manufacturer's instructions. A special tool is required

for this.

Warning

DC cables are under current if light falls on the modules.

Disconnecting the AC plug from the inverter

For the Turbo 1P inverter:

1. Remove the AC plug from the socket on the inverter as described in chapter 13.1.

2. Check that all pins of the AC plug are free of voltage. Use a suitable voltmeter for

this (do not use a simple neon phase checker).

For the Turbo 3P1 / 3P2 inverter:

1. Disconnect the AC plug from the inverter: gently press in the ratchet near the

front of the AC plug with a suitable object to unlock it, and remove the plug.

2. Check that all pins of the AC plug are free of voltage. Use a suitable voltmeter for

this (do not use a simple neon phase checker).

Opening the AC plug (only if required)

For the Turbo 1P inverter:

Open the AC plug as described in the Appendix under Mounting > AC plugs.

For the Turbo 3P1 / 3P2 inverter:

Open the AC plug: First open the cable gland at the back and then push in the

ratchets on the left and right of the plug casing (simultaneously) and unlock

with a suitable tool. Then remove the upper part of the casing from the con-

tact part.

Removing the inverter from the mounting plate

1. Use one hand to press the retaining plate on the mounting plate approx. 5 mm

(0.20 in) towards the mounting surface 1(Figure 32).

2. Use the other hand to push the inverter upwards, far enough so that the retai-

ning plate no longer latches. 2Release the retaining plate.

3. Lift the inverter with both hands until the hooks on the rear side of the inverter

are free 3

4. Remove the inverter from the mounting surface 4

Figure 32

ENGLISH

6.3 Overview of operating functions

For the sake of clarity, only the operating buttons and SET are illustrated.

6.4 Service menu

The following section describes service menu items. Some items have password protection.

Obtain the password from technical support.

Attention

Risk of reduced yields. Inverter and grid parameters can be changed in the service menu. The service menu may only be used by technical professionals who can ensure

that the changes do not contravene the applicable regulations and standards.

6.5 Troubleshooting

Faults are indicated by event messages as described below. The display ﬂashes red.

Table 2 "List of event messages" contains information on troubleshooting and fault

correction.

Structure

1Event messages have the following information:

1Symbol for the type of event message

2Date/time when the event occurred

3ACTIVE = The cause of the event message is

still present or

date/time when the cause of the event

message was corrected.

4Cause of the event message:

5Counter: No. of the displayed event message/

Total number of event messages;

max. total number of event messages = 30

6NEW is displayed until the event message is

conﬁrmed using ESC or .

Function

Event message types

•Type Information (Symbol )

The inverter has detected an error that does not aﬀect the feed-in process.

The user does not need to intervene.

•Type Warning (symbol )

The inverter has detected an error that may result in reduced yields. It is highly

recommended that you correct the cause of the error.

•Type Error (Symbol )

The inverter has detected a serious error. The inverter will not feed into the grid

while this error is present.

Please contact your installer. More information is provided in table 6 “List of

event messages.”

Display behaviour

New event messages are displayed immediately. The messages disappear after they have

been conﬁrmed or their cause(s) have been corrected.

Advice

When an event message is conﬁrmed, the user thereby simply conﬁrms that he/

she has seen the message. This does not correct the error that caused the event

message to be shown!

If messages exist whose cause has been corrected but which have not been

conﬁrmed then is shown in the status display. If an already conﬁrmed error

recurs then it is displayed again.

Operation

Conrming event messages

√An event message with the comment NEW is displayed.

Press ESC/ / . The event message is conﬁrmed.

Displaying event messages

1. Select Event log in the main menu.

2. Press SET. The event messages are displayed in chronological order (latest

message ﬁrst).

3. Press to page through the Event Messages.

Event message Description Type

Grid frequency

too low

The grid frequency at the inverter is less than the

minimum permissible value. Due to legal require-

ments, the inverter switches oﬀ automatically for as

long as the error state exists.

Contact your installer if this error occurs frequently.

Grid frequency

too high

The grid frequency at the inverter is greater than

the maximum permissible value. Due to legal requi-

rements, the inverter switches oﬀ automatically for

as long as the error state exists.

Contact your installer if this error occurs frequently.

Grid voltage

too low

The grid voltage at the inverter is less than the mini-

mum permissible value. Due to legal requirements,

the inverter switches oﬀ automatically for as long as

the error state exists.

Contact your installer if this error occurs frequently.

Grid voltage

too high

The grid voltage at the inverter is greater than the

maximum permissible value. Due to legal require-

ments, the inverter switches oﬀ automatically for as

long as the error state exists.

Contact your installer if this error occurs frequently.

Calling up the service menu and editing the values

1. Select the Service menu item.

2. Press SET. The ﬁg. shown at the left appears.

3. Press simultaneously for 3 seconds.

The service menu is displayed (ﬁg. left).

4. Press to select a menu item.

5. Press SET to go into the menu item.

The following applies:

• Enter the password if required (ﬁg. left).

• Within a menu item press if required to dis-

play and alter further settings (e.g., voltage limits).

• - The menu items are described in section 9.3.4.

Power limiting

The inverter's output power can be restricted

manually to a minimum of 500 W. If the power is

manually restricted, the symbol Derating and the

reading Derating/reason: User default

are displayed in the status display.

Delete country setting

After the country setting has been deleted, the

device restarts and displays the guided initial

commissioning menu.

Factory setting

Resetting the device to the factory setting dele-

tes the following data:

• Yield data

• Event messages

• Date and time

• Country setting

• Display language

• Network settings

After the factory setting has been deleted, the

device restarts and displays the guided initial com-

missioning menu.

Voltage limits (peak values)

The following voltage limits can be changed:

• Upper disconnection value 1)

• Lower disconnection value 1) (ﬁgure left)

The disconnection value refers to the peak value

of the voltage.

Frequency limits

The following frequency limits can be changed:

• Upper disconnection value.

• Lower disconnection value (ﬁgure left)

• Derating switch-on threshold (because fre-

quency is too high)

• Frequency threshold when switching on again.

Voltage limits Ø (average value)

The following voltage limits can be changed:

• Upper disconnection value 1) (Figure left)

• Lower disconnection value 1)

• 1)

The disconnection value refers to the average

value of the voltage.

ENGLISH

Event message Description Type

Grid voltage

too high for

reactivation

After switching oﬀ, the inverter cannot resume fee-

ding because the grid voltage exceeds the legally

prescribed switch-on value.

Contact your installer if this error occurs frequently.

Grid voltage Ø

too low

The output voltage averaged over the legally prescri-

bed period of time exceeds the permissible tolerance

range. The inverter switches oﬀ automatically for as

long as the error state exists.

Contact your installer if this error occurs frequently.

Grid voltage Ø

too high

The output voltage averaged over the legally prescri-

bed period of time exceeds the permissible tolerance

range. The inverter switches oﬀ automatically for as

long as the error state exists.

Contact your installer if this error occurs frequently.

Grid current

DC offset

too high

The DC current portion fed into the grid by the

inverter exceeds the maximum permissible value.

Due to legal requirements, the inverter switches oﬀ

automatically for as long as the error state exists.

Contact your installer.

Residual cur-

rent too high

The residual current ﬂowing from the plus or minus

inputs to the earth via the photovoltaic modules

exceeds the maximum permissible value. Due to

legal requirements, the inverter switches oﬀ auto-

matically for as long as the error state exists.

Contact your installer.

L and N swapped

The live and neutral conductors are wrongly

connected. For safety reasons, the inverter must not

feed into the grid.

Contact your installer.

PE not

connected

The protective earth is not connected. For safety

reasons, the inverter must not feed into the grid.

Contact your installer.

Insulation

error

The insulation resistance between the plus or minus

inputs and earth is less than the permissible value.

For safety reasons, the inverter must not feed into

the grid.

Contact your installer.

Fan faulty

The internal fan of the inverter is faulty. In certain situ-

ations the inverter will feed less power into the grid.

Contact your installer.

Device overhe-

ated

Despite derating, the maximum permissible tem-

perature has been exceeded. The inverter feeds no

power into the grid until the maximum permissible

temperature is no longer exceeded. Check that the

installation conditions are satisﬁed.

Contact your installer if the message occurs

frequently.

PV voltage

too high The input voltage at the inverter is greater than the

maximum permissible value.



Switch oﬀ the DC circuit breaker on the inverter

and contact your installer.

PV current

too high The input current at the inverter exceeds the per-

missible value. The inverter limits the current to the

permissible value.

Contact your installer if this message occurs

frequently.

Grid

islanding

detected

There is no grid voltage present (inverter running

independently). For safety reasons, the inverter

must not feed into the grid and switches oﬀ while

the error is present (dark display).

Contact your installer if this error occurs fre-

quently.

Time/date lost

The inverter has lost the time settings because it

was disconnected from the grid for too long. Yields

cannot be stored and event messages will have the

wrong date.

Correct the time under Settings/Time/

Date.

Internal Info

Contact your installer if this information appears

frequently.

Internal

warning

Contact your installer if this warning appears

frequently.

Internal Error

Contact your installer if this error occurs frequently.

Self test

failed

An error occurred during the self test and the self

test was cancelled.

Contact your installer if the self test is cancelled

several times at diﬀerent times of day due to an

error and it is certain that the grid voltage and

frequency were within the limits deﬁned by the

country setting; see section 10.4.

Event message Description Type

Faulty country

setting

An inconsistency exists between the selected country

settings and those stored in memory.

Contact your installer.

BCONV over-tem-

perature

The maximum permissible boost converter tem-

perature has been exceeded. The inverter feeds no

power into the grid until the maximum permissible

temperature is no longer exceeded.

1. Check that the installation conditions are

satisﬁed.

2. Contact your installer if the message occurs

frequently.

Boost converter

defective

The boost converter is defective; the inverter is not

feeding into the grid or is feeding at reduced power.

Contact your installer.

Boost converter

not detected

Contact your installer.

Table 2

7. Maintenance

7.1 Maintenance of Solar Frontier SF165-S/SF170-S

photovoltaic modules

A monthly visual check is highly recommended in order to maintain the eﬃciency

of SF modules and the security of the mounting.

•Remove any dirt, fallen leaves or bird droppings from the surface, and check

that there is no damage to the surface. Do not use detergent or chemicals

for cleaning dirt oﬀ SF modules as it may damage the modules and result in

degradation of insulation.

•Do not use hard brushes for cleaning. Use only soft cloths to remove dirt from

the modules.

•When replacement parts are required, be sure the installer/servicer uses parts

speciﬁed by the manufacturer with the same characteristics as the original

parts. Unauthorized substitutions may result in ﬁre, electric shock or other

hazard.

•Stop using SF modules when any damage or unusual phenomena are obser-

ved. Have them immediately replaced or removed by a qualiﬁed technician.

7.2 Maintenance DC system

The DC system is maintenance-free. It is still recommended that cables and con-

nectors are regularly checked for signs of damage.

7.3 Maintenance of Turbo inverters

The inverter is basically maintenance-free. Despite this, it is a good idea to regular-

ly check that the cooling ﬁns on the front and rear sides of the device are free of

dust. Clean the inverter when necessary as described below.

Attention

Danger of destruction of components in devices.

•Do not allow cleaning agents and devices to penetrate between the cooling

ﬁns at the front of the inverter (under the grey hood).

In particular, do not use the following cleaning agents:

- Solvent-based cleaning agents

- Disinfectants

- Coarse or sharp-edged cleaning materials

Removing dust

Dust should be removed using compressed air (max. 2 bar).

Danger

Risk of death by electrocution! Risk of death by electrocution.

Use cleaning agents only with a slightly damp cloth.



Remove heavy soiling with a slightly damp cloth (use plain water). If necessa-

ry, use a 2% curd soap solution instead of water. After cleaning, remove any soap

residue using a slightly damp cloth.

8. Transport and Storage

Pay attention to all advice on the packaging when storing or transporting SF Power-

Sets. A dry room should be chosen for storage. The packaging is not waterproof.

All electronic components should be kept away from liquids during transport and

storage. The SF PowerSets must remain in the original packaging until the installation.

Small amounts of white powder from packaging material may adhere to the mo-

dules. This may safely be ignored and has no aﬀect on performance.

9. Disposal

9.1 Disposal within the EU

This sign on the modules and inverters indicates that these

products must not be disposed of in household waste

when they reach the end of their life cycle.

For disposal and recycling, please take the products to

authorised collection points where you can hand them

over free of charge. Alternatively, in some countries you

may hand them in at the dealer's where you obtain your

replacement goods.

Please contact your local authority for further details on

your nearest authorised collection point.

The DC cables can be disposed of at municipal collection points as electric waste.

Penalties may be imposed for violation of the rules depending on the applicable law.

9.2 Disposal outside the EU

The symbol of a dustbin with a line through it is only valid in the European Union

(EU). If you want to dispose of your product please contact your local authority or

dealer to ﬁnd out the correct disposal method.

10. Technical data and data sheets

10.1 Solar Frontier SF165-S/SF170-S photovoltaic modules

Electrical characteristics

Standard test conditions (STC)*1

Module SF165-S Module SF170-S

Rated output Pmax 165 W 170 W

Open circuit

voltage

Voc 110 V 112 V

Short circuit

current

Isc 2.20 A 2.20 A

Rated voltage Vmpp 85.5 V 87.5 V

Rated current Impp 1.93 A 1.95 A

Nominal operating

cell temperature (NOCT)*2

Module SF165-S Module SF170-S

Rated output Pmax 123 W 126 W

Open circuit

voltage

Voc 100 V 102 V

Short circuit

current

Isc 1.76 A 1.76 A

Rated voltage Vmpp 80.2 V 82.1 V

Rated current Impp 1.53 A 1.55 A

*1 Data measured under standard test conditions (STC) deﬁned by the IEC standard

(1000 W/m² irradiance, 25 °C module temperature, AM 1 5 with tolerances of ±10% for

Isc and Voc and +10% / -5% for Pmax). The module eﬃciency with 200 W/m² irradiance is

typically 98% (±1.9%) of the STC eﬃciency.

*2 Nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT): Module operating temperature with 800 W/m2

irradiance, 20 °C air temperature, 1 m/s wind speed and in the open circuit condition.

Thermal characteristics

NOCT 47 °C

Temperature-coecient Isc α +0.01%/K

Temperature-coecient Voc β -0.30%/K

Temperature-coecient Pmax δ %-0.31%/K

Characteristics for system design

Maximum system voltage Vsys 1,000 V DC

Limiting reverse current Ir 7 A

Maximum series fuse rating Isf 4 A

Mechanical Data

Dimensions (L x W x H) 1,257 x 977 x 35 mm

(49.5 x 38.5 x 1.4 in)

Weight 20.0 kg (44.1 lbs) / 16.3 kg/m2

(3.3 lbs/ft2)

Module operating temperature -40 °C to 85 °C

Application class

as per IEC 61730

Class A

Fire safety class

as per IEC 61730

Class C

Cable

2.5 mm2/ AWG14 (halogen free)

Snow load (to the front of the module) 2,400 Pa (IEC61646) / 1,600 Pa design

load (UL1703)

Wind load (to the back of the module) 2,400 Pa (IEC61646) / 1,600 Pa design

load (UL1703)

Module drawing

57±2

1 5 5

31±225

37 5 72,5

5 55 5

Mon agebohrung

ø5 8 6

Montagebohrung

4 5

25 30

13,5

72 5

454 5

9 4±2

,5 21 5

8,5

gebohrung

6 6

1 20

1,257±2

(7) 20

431.5±5

440±5

31±1 225 31±1

225

372.5 372.5

454.5454.5

566±5

598.5±5

934±2

21.5 21.5

(548.5)

120

35±0.5

977±2

90 (444)

(28.2)

568.5±5

Mounting holes

2 x Grounding

2 x ø4

4 x ø8.5 4 x ø6.6

Mounting holes

465±5

150(50)

33.5

86.6 1,200±100

13.7

2 x ø4.5

No. Item Qty Description

1 Cell 1 CIS on substrate glass

2 Cover glass 1 Clear tempered glass

3 Encapsulant EVA

4 Back sheet Weatherproof plastic ﬁlm / Colour:black and silver

5 Frame 1 Set Anodized aluminium alloy / Colour:black

6 Edge sealant Butyl rubber

7 Junction box 1 With bypass diode

8 Cable 2.5 mm2(0.004 in²) / AWG14 (with waterproof

plug, MC4-compatible)

9 Adhesive Silicon

10 Label 1 Product label

11 Screw 8 Stainless tapping (SUS304J3)

12 Bar code label 1 Serial number

ENGLISH

10.2 Technical data for Turbo inverter

Turbo 1P Turbo 3P1 Turbo 3P2

DC input side (PV generator connection)

Number of DC inputs 1 1 1

Maximum start voltage 845V 1000 V 1000 V

Maximum input voltage 845 V 1000 V 1000 V

Minimum input voltage for grid-feeding 350 V 250 V 250 V

Startup input voltage 350 V 250 V 250 V

Rated input voltage 540 V 510 V 790 V

Minimum input voltage for rated output 360 V 375V 575 V

MPP voltage 360 V … 700 V 375 V … 700 V 575 V … 700 V

Maximum input current 12 A 11 A 11 A

Rated input current 8 A 8 A 8 A

Maximum input power at maximum output active

power 4310 W 4100 W 6330 W

Rated input power (cos φ= 1) 4310 W 4100 W 6330 W

Derating/power limiting Occurs automatically when:

•input power > max. recommended PV power

•cooling is inadequate

•input current too high

•grid current too high

•internal or external derating

•grid frequency too high (according to country settings)

•limiting signal received via an external interface

•output power is limited (set at the inverter)

AC output side (mains grid connection)

Output voltage

(depending on the country setting) 185 V ... 276 V 320 V ... 480 V 320 V ... 480 V

Rated output voltage 230 V 400 V 400 V

Maximum output current 18.5 A 7 A 10 A

Rated output current 18.3 A 3.3 A 5.2 A

Maximum active power (cos φ= 1) 4200 W 4000 W 6200 W

Maximum active power (cos φ= 0.95) 3990 W 3800 W 5890 W

Maximum apparent power (cos φ= 0.95) 4200 VA 4000 VA 6200 VA

Maximum active power (cos φ= 0.9) -3600 W 5580 W

Maximum apparent power (cos φ= 0.9) -4000 VA 6200 VA

Rated output 4200 W 4000 W 6200 W

Rated frequency 50 Hz and 60 Hz

Grid type

L / N / PE (protective earth ) L

/ L

/ N / FE L

/ L

/ N / FE

Grid frequency 45 Hz ... 65 Hz (depending on the country settings)

Power losses in nighttime operation < 1 W < 3 W < 3 W

Feeding phases single-phase three-phase three-phase

Distortion factor (cos φ= 1) < 2% < 1% < 1%

Power factor cos φ

0.95 capacitive ... 0.95 inductive

0.8 capacitive ... 0.8 inductive 0.8 capacitive ... 0.8 inductive

Characterisation of the operating behaviour

Maximum eﬃciency 98.6% 98.6% 98.7%

European eﬃciency 98.2% 98.1% 98.3%

CEC eﬃciency 98.2% 98.4% 98.5%

MPP eﬃciency > 99.7% (static),

> 99% (dynamic) > 99.8% (static),

> 99% (dynamic)

Eﬃciency values (at 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 50%,

75%, 100% of the rated power) at rated voltage 96.2%, 97.6%, 98.3%, 98.3%,

98.3%, 98.2%, 97.9%, 97.4% 91.0%, 95.5%, 97.5%, 97.9%,

98.1%, 98.4%, 98.6%, 98.3% 92.6%, 96.5%, 98.2%, 98.3%,

98.5%, 98.6%, 98.5%, 98.2%

Eﬃciency reduction in case of a rise in ambient

temperature (at temperatures > 40 °C) 0.005%/°C

Eﬃciency change in the case of deviation from the

DC rated voltage 0.002 %/V

Own consumption < 4 W < 8 W < 8 W

Derating at full power from 45 °C (Tamb) from 50 °C (Tamb) from 50 °C (Tamb)

Switch-on power 10 W

Switch-oﬀ power 5 W 8 W 8 W

Safety

Protection class II

Isolation principle No galvanic isolation; transformerless

Grid monitoring Yes, integrated

Insulation monitoring Yes, integrated

Residual current monitoring Yes, integrated 1)

Overvoltage protection version Varistors

Reverse polarity protection Yes

Turbo 1P Turbo 3P1 Turbo 3P2

Application conditions

Area of application Indoor rooms, with or without air conditioning

Ambient temperature range (Tamb) −15 °C ... +60 °C −15 °C ... +60 °C −15 °C ... +60 °C

Storage temperature -30 °C ... +80 °C -30 °C ... +70 °C -30 °C ... +70 °C

Relative humidity 0 % ... 95 %, non-condensing

Installation elevation ≤ 2000 m above sea level

Degree of pollution PD3

Noise emission (typical) 31 dBA 29 dBA 29 dBA

Impermissible ambient gases Ammonia, solvents

Equipment and design

Degree of protection IP21 (Casing: IP51; Display: IP21)

Overvoltage category III (AC), II (DC)

DC connection Phoenix Contact SunClix (1 pair)

AC connector

Type Wieland RST25i3 plug Wieland RST25i5 plug Wieland RST25i5 plug

Connection conductor cross-section Cable diameter 10 ... 14 mm 2

conductor cross-section ≤ 4 mm2

Opposing connector Included in delivery

Dimensions (X x Y x Z) 340 x 608 x 222 mm (49.5 x 38.5 x 1.4 in)

Weight 9 kg (19.84 lbs) 10 kg (19.84 lbs) 10 kg (19.84 lbs)

Display Graphical display 128 x 64 pixels

Communication interface RS485 (2 x RJ45 sockets; connector to Meteocontrol WEB'log or Solar-Log™), Ethernet interface (1x RJ45 socket)

Feed-in management as per EEG 2012 EinsMan Ready, via RS485 interface

Integrated DC circuit breaker yes, VDE 0100-712 compliant

Cooling principle Temperature-controlled fan, variable speed, internal (dust protected)

Table 3

Technical data at 25 °C/77 °F.

1) The design of the inverter prevents it from causing DC leakage current.

10.3 Technical data AC cable and line circuit breakers

Inverter AC cable conduc-

tor cross-section Power loss1) Line circuit breaker

Turbo 1P 2.5 mm2 (0.0038 in²) 48 W B25

4.0 mm2 (0.0038 in²) 30 W B25

Turbo 3P1 2.5 mm² 7 W B16

4.0 mm² 4 W B16

Turbo 3P2 2.5 mm2 (0.0038 in²) 13 W B16

4.0 mm2 (0.0038 in²) 8 W B16

Table 4

1) Power loss of the AC cables at the rated power of the inverter and a cable length

of 10 m.

10.4 Table of countries

Details on setting the country are provided in section 5.4.7.

Turbo 1P inverter

Advice

The requirements for the country-speciﬁc grid parameters may change at short

notice. Contact the technical support of Solar Frontier if the parameters speciﬁed

in the table no longer correspond to the legally prescribed requirements in your

country.

ENGLISH

Table of countries

1) Country code and name as shown on the display.

2) Disconnection values are upper and lower deviations from the peak values of

the rated voltage (in%) and the associated

switch-oﬀ time (in s).

Disconnection values are upper and lower deviations from the average values of

the rated voltage (in%) and the associated switch-oﬀ time (in s).

4)Disconnection values are upper/lower deviations from the rated frequency (in

Hz) and the switch-oﬀ time (in s).

5) Maximum output power Belgium 1 / Belgium 2: 3330 W

Maximum output power Belgium 1 unl. / Belgium 2 unl: 3600 W

6) The rated voltage is 240 V (instead of 230 V).

7) Maximum output power: 2000 W.

8)The rated voltage is 220 V (instead of 230 V).

Country

Reconnection time

Voltage disconnection values

(peak values) 2)

Voltage disconnection valu-

eø(average values) 3)

Frequency disconnection

values 4)

upper lower upper lower upper lower

Name Display 1) s % s % s % s % s Hz sHz s

Australia 6100 Australia 60 17.0 2.00 -13 2.00 – – – – 5.0 2.0 -5.0 2.0

Austria 4300 Austria 30 15.0 0.10 -20 0.20 12 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Belgium 2 3203 Belgique 2 5) 60 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Belgium 2 unlimited 3203 Belgique 2 unl, 5)60 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Brazil 220 5500 Brasil 220V 60Hz 8) 300 10.0 0.20 -20 0.40 – – – – 2.0 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Brazil 230 5501 Brasil 230V 60Hz 300 10.0 0.20 -20 0.40 – – – – 2.0 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Bulgaria 3590 Bâlgarija 30 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 0.2 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Costa Rica 5060

Latinoamérica 60Hz 6)

20 10.0 0.20 -20 0.20 – – – – 0.6 0.2 -0.6 0.2

Cyprus 35700 Cyprus 180 10.0 0.50 -10 0.50 – – – – 2.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Czech Republic 42000 Česko 30 15.0 0.20 -15 0.20 10 600.0 – – 0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.2

Denmark unlimited 4500 Danmark unl, 60 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Denmark 4501 Danmark 7) 60 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Droop Mode 0007 Droop-Mode 9)60 20.0 0.50 -20 0.50 – – – – 5.0 0.5 -3.5 0.5

Droop Mode 60 0008 Droop-Mode 60Hz 9) 60 20.0 0.50 -20 0.50 – – – – 5.0 0.5 -3.5 0.5

EN 50438 50438 EN 50438 20 15.0 0.20 -15 1.50 – – – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Estonia 3720 Eesti 30 15.0 0.20 -15 1.50 – – – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

France 3300 France 30 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 0.6 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Finland 35800 Suomi 30 10.0 0.20 -15 0.20 – – – – 1.0 0.2 -2.0 0.2

Germany 4900 Germany 60 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Greek Mainland 3000 Greece continent 180 15.0 0.50 -20 0.50 10 600.0 – – 0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.5

Greek Islands 3001 Greece islands 180 15.0 0.50 -20 0.50 10 600.0 – – 1.0 0.5 -2.5 0.5

Hungary 3600 Magyarország 300 35.0 0.05 -50 0.10 10 2.0 -15 2.0 1.0 0.2 -1.0 0.2

India 9100 India 300 35.0 0.05 -50 0.10 10 2.0 -15 2.0 1.0 0.2 -1.0 0.2

Ireland 35300 Éire 30 10.0 0.50 -10 0.50 – – – – 0.5 0.5 -2.0 0.5

Israel 9720 Israel 300 35.0 0.05 -50 0.10 10 2.0 -15 2.0 1.0 2.0 -1.0 2.0

Italien3 3902 Italia 3 30 22.0 0.10 -25 0.20 – – – – 5.0 0.2 -5.0 0.2

Italy 8 3907 Italia 8 9) 300 15.0 0.20 -60 0.20 10 600.0 -15 0.4 1.5 0.1 -2.5 0.1

Italy 9 3908 Italia 9 10) 300 15.0 0.20 -60 0.20 10 600.0 -15 0.4 1.5 0.1 -2.5 0.1

Malaysia 6000 Malaysia 180 17.4 2.00 -13 2.00 – – – – 5.0 2.0 -5.0 2.0

Mauritius 23000 Mauritius 180 10.0 0.20 -6 1.50 6 1.5 – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Netherlands 3100 Nederland 30 10.0 2.00 -20 2.00 – – – – 1.0 2.0 -2.0 2.0

Poland 4800 Polska 30 15.0 0.20 -15 1.50 10 600.0 – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Portugal 35100 Portugal 20 15.0 0.20 -15 1.50 10 600.0 – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Slovenia 38600 Slovenija 30 15.0 0.20 -30 0.20 10 1.5 -15 1.5 1.0 0.2 -3.0 0.2

South Africa 2700 South Africa 60 20.0 0.16 -50 0.20 10 2.0 -15 2.0 2.0 0.5 -2.5 0.5

Spain 3400 España 180 15.0 0.20 -15 1.50 10 1.5 – – 0.5 0.5 -2.0 3.0

Sweden 4600 Sverige 30 15.0 0.20 -15 0.20 11 60.0 – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Switzerland 4100 Suisse 30 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 0.2 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Tahiti 6890 Tahiti 60Hz 30 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 2.5 0.2 -5.0 0.2

Taiwan 220 8860 Taiwan 220V 60Hz 30 10.0 0.20 -12 0.20 – – – – 1.0 0.2 -2.0 0.2

Thailand PEA 6600 Thailand 300 20.0 0.16 -50 0.30 10 1.0 -10 2.0 1.0 0.1 -2.0 0.1

Turkey 9000 Türkiye 30 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 0.2 0.2 -2.5 0.2

United Kingdom G59/2 4401 United Kingdom G59 6) 180 15.0 0.50 -20 0.50 10 1.0 -13 2.5 1.5 0.5 -2.5 0.5

United Kingdom G83/2 4400 United Kingdom G83/2 6) 20 19.0 0.50 -20 0.50 14 1.0 -13 2.5 2.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Attention

Danger of yield losses. Activation of the Droop Mode is not permitted in sys-

tems connected to the public electricity grid.

Activation of the Droop Mode is recommended when the inverter is operated

in conjunction with a stand-alone inverter in a system that is not connected to

the public electricity grid. Droop-Mode: 50 Hz; Droop-Mode 60 Hz: 60 Hz.

9) Italy 8: Systems smaller than 3 kW maximum output power;

10) Italy 9: Systems greater than 3 kW maximum output power.

Turbo 3P1 / 3P2 inverter

Advice

The requirements for the country-speciﬁc grid parameters may change at short notice. Contact Solar Frontier technical support if the parameters speciﬁed in the table no

longer correspond to the legally prescribed requirements in your country.

Country

Reconnection time

Voltage disconnection values

(peak values) 2)

Voltage disconnection

valueø(average values) 3)

Frequency disconnection

values 4)

upper lower upper lower upper lower

Name Display 1) s % s % s % s % s Hz sHz s

Austria 4300 Austria 30 15.0 0.10 -20 0.20 12 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Belgium 2 unlimited 3203 Belgique 2 unl, 5) 60 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Brazil 220 5500 Brasil 220V 60Hz 5) 300 10.0 0.20 -20 0.40 – – – – 2.0 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Brazil 230 5501 Brasil 230V 60Hz 300 10.0 0.20 -20 0.40 – – – – 2.0 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Bulgaria 3590 Bâlgarija 30 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 0.2 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Cyprus 35700 Cyprus 180 10.0 0.50 -10 0.50 – – – – 2.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Czech Republic 42000 Česko 30 15.0 0.20 -15 0.20 10 600.0 – – 0.5 0.2 -0.5 0.2

Denmark unlimited 4500 Danmark unl, 60 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Droop Mode 0007 Droop-Mode 6) 60 20.0 0.50 -20 0.50 – – – – 5.0 0.5 -3.5 0.5

EN 50438 50438 EN 50438 20 15.0 0.20 -15 1.50 – – – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Estonia 3720 Eesti 300 15.0 0.20 -15 1.50 – – – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Estonia 3720 Estonia 30 15.0 0.20 0.5 1.50 – – – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Finland 35800 Suomi 30 10.0 0.20 -15 0.20 – – – – 1.0 0.2 -2.0 0.2

France 3300 France 30 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 0.6 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Germany 4900 Germany 60 15.0 0.20 -20 0.20 10 600.0 – – 1.5 0.2 -2.5 0.2

Greek Mainland 3000 Greece continent 180 15.0 0.50 -20 0.50 10 600.0 – – 0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.5

Greek Islands 3001 Greece islands 180 15.0 0.50 -20 0.50 10 600.0 – – 1.0 0.5 -2.5 0.5

India 9100 India 300 35.0 0.05 -50 0.10 10 2.0 -15 2.0 1.0 0.2 -1.0 0.2

Ireland 35300 Éire 30 10.0 0.50 -10 0.50 – – – – 0.5 0.5 -2.0 0.5

Italy 3 3902 Italia 3 30 22.0 0.10 -25 0.20 – – – – 5.0 0.2 -5.0 0.2

Malaysia 6000 Malaysia 180 17.4 2.00 -13 2.00 – – – – 5.0 2.0 -5.0 2.0

Mauritius 23000 Mauritius 180 10.0 0.20 -6 1.50 6 1.5 – – 1.0 0.5 -3.0 0.5

Mexico 240 5200 Mexico 240V 60Hz 300 10.0 0.10 -20 0.10 0.5 0.16 -0.7 0.16