Southern States SOR900A User manual

185318 Rev. 2 06.17.03 TR
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
• Assembly
• Operation
• Maintenance
• Service and Adjustments
• Storage
• Troubleshooting
• Repair Parts
OWNER'S MANUAL
MODEL NO. SOR900A
9 HP 21 Inch
Tiller
For Parts and Service, contact our authorized distributor: call 1-800-849-1297
For Technical Assistance: call 1-800-829-5886
02716 Southern States
For Parts Call K&T 606-678-9623 or 606-561-4983
www.mymowerparts.com

2
• Never operate the tiller without proper guards, plates,
or other safety protective devices in place.
• Keep children and pets away.
• Do not overload the machine capacity by attempting
to till too deep at too fast a rate.
• Never operate the machine at high speeds on slippery
surfaces. Look behind and use care when backing.
• Never allow bystanders near the unit.
• Use only attachments and accessories approved by
the manufacturer of the tiller.
• Never operate the tiller without good visibility or light.
• Be careful when tilling in hard ground. The tines may
catch in the ground and propel the tiller forward. If this
occurs, let go of the handlebars and do not restrain the
machine.
MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE
• Keep machine, attachments, and accessories in safe
working condition.
• Check shear pins, engine mounting bolts, and other
bolts at frequent intervals for proper tightness to be
sure the equipment is in safe working condition.
• Never store the machine with fuel in the fuel tank inside
a building where ignition sources are present, such
as hot water and space heaters, clothes dryers, and
the like. Allow the engine to cool before storing in any
enclosure.
• Always refer to the operator’s guide instructions for
important details if the tiller is to be stored for an ex-
tended period.
- IMPORTANT -
CAUTIONS, IMPORTANTS, AND NOTES ARE A MEANS OF
ATTRACTING ATTENTION TO IMPORTANT OR CRITICAL
INFORMATION IN THIS MANUAL.
IMPORTANT: USED TO ALERT YOU THAT THERE IS A
POSSIBILITY OF DAMAGING THIS EQUIPMENT.
NOTE: Gives essential information that will aid you to
better understand, incorporate, or execute a particular set
of instructions.
Look for this symbol to point out im-
portant safety precautions. It means
CAUTION!!! BECOME ALERT!!! YOUR
SAFETY IS INVOLVED.
CAUTION: Always disconnect spark
plug wire and place wire where it can-
not contact spark plug in order to pre-
vent accidental starting when setting
up, transporting, adjusting or making
repairs.
SAFETY RULES
Safe Operation Practices for Walk-Behind Powered Rotary Tillers
TRAINING
• Read the Owner’s Manual carefully. Be thoroughly
familiar with the controls and the proper use of the
equipment. Know how to stop the unit and disengage
the controls quickly.
• Never allow children to operate the equipment. Never
allow adults to operate the equipment without proper
instruction.
• Keep the area of operation clear of all persons, par-
ticularly small children, and pets.
PREPARATION
• Thoroughly inspect the area where the equipment is
to be used and remove all foreign objects.
• Disengage all clutches and shift into neutral before
starting the engine (motor).
• Do not operate the equipment without wearing ade-
quate outer garments. Wear footwear that will improve
footing on slippery surfaces.
• Handle fuel with care; it is highly flammable.
• Use an approved fuel container.
• Never add fuel to a running engine or hot engine.
• Fill fuel tank outdoors with extreme care. Never fill fuel
tank indoors.
• Replace gasoline cap securely and clean up spilled
fuel before restarting.
• Use extension cords and receptacles as specified by
the manufacturer for all units with electric drive motors
or electric starting motors.
• Never attempt to make any adjustments while the
engine (motor) is running (except where specifically
recommended by manufacturer).
OPERATION
• Do not put hands or feet near or under rotating parts.
• Exercise extreme caution when operating on or cross-
ing gravel drives, walks, or roads. Stay alert for hidden
hazards or traffic. Do not carry passengers.
• After striking a foreign object, stop the engine (motor),
remove the wire from the spark plug, thoroughly inspect
the tiller for any damage, and repair the damage before
restarting and operating the tiller.
• Exercise caution to avoid slipping or falling.
• If the unit should start to vibrate abnormally, stop the
engine (motor) and check immediately for the cause.
Vibration is generally a warning of trouble.
• Stop the engine (motor) when leaving the operating
position.
• Takeall possible precautions when leaving the machine
unattended. Disengage the tines, shift into neutral, and
stop the engine.
• Before cleaning, repairing, or inspecting, shut off the
engine and make certain all moving parts have stopped.
Disconnect the spark plug wire, and keep the wire away
from the plug to prevent accidental starting.Disconnect
the cord on electric motors.
• Do not run the engine indoors; exhaust fumes are
dangerous.
WARNING
The engine exhaust from this product contains
chemicals known to the State of California to
cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproduc-
tive harm.
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3
MAINTENANCE ..................................................... 12-14
SERVICE & ADJUSTMENTS ................................. 15-18
STORAGE .................................................................... 19
TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................. 20
REPAIR PARTS-TILLER......................................... 21-27
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SAFETY RULES ............................................................ 2
CUSTOMER RESPONSIBILITIES................................. 3
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS ....................................... 3
ASSEMBLY ................................................................. 4-6
OPERATION ............................................................. 7-11
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE ...................................... 12
CONGRATULATIONS on your purchase of a new tiller. It
has been designed, engineered and manufactured to give
you the best possible dependability and performance.
Should you experience any problems you cannot easily
remedy, please contact your nearest authorized service
center. We have competent, well-trained technicians and
the proper tools to service or repair this unit.
Please read and retain this manual. The instructions will
enable you to assemble and maintain your tiller properly.
Always observe the “SAFETY RULES”.
WARNING:This unit is equipped with an internal combustion
engine and should not be used on or near any unimproved
forest-covered, brush-covered or grass covered land un-
less the engine’s exhaust system is equipped with a spark
arrester meeting applicable local or state laws (if any). If a
spark arrester is used, it should be maintained in effective
working order by the operator.
In the state of California the above is required by law (Sec-
tion 4442 of the California Public Resources Code). Other
states may have similar laws. Federal laws apply on federal
lands. See your Authorized Service Center/Department for
spark arrester. Refer to the Repair Parts section of this
manual for part number.
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS CUSTOMER RESPONSIBILITIES
• Read and observe the safety rules.
• Follow a regular schedule in maintaining, caring for
and using your tiller.
• Follow instructions under “Maintenance” and “Storage”
sections of this Owner’s Manual.
Gasoline Capacity: 4 Quarts (2.8L)
Unleaded Regular
Oil (API-SF-SJ): SAE 30 (Above 32°F/0°C)
(Capacity: 44 oz./1.3L) SAE 5w-30 (Below 32°F/0°C)
Spark Plug : Champion
(Gap: .030"/0.76mm) RC12YC
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4
ASSEMBLY
Your new tiller has been assembled at the factory with exception of those parts left unassembled for shipping purposes.
To ensure safe and proper operation of your tiller, all parts and hardware you assemble must be tightened securely. Use
the correct tools as necessary to insure proper tightness.
LEFT RIGHT
FIG. 1
FRONT
OPERATOR’S
POSITION
TOOLS REQUIRED FOR ASSEMBLY
A socket wrench set will make assembly easier. Standard
wrench sizes are listed.
(1) Utility knife
(1) Tire pressure gauge
(1) Pair of pliers
(1) 9/16" wrench
OPERATOR’S POSITION (See Fig. 1)
When right or left hand is mentioned in this manual, it
means when you are in the operating position (standing
behind tiller handles).
(1) Hairpin Clip
(1) Carriage Bolt
3/8-16 UNC x 1 Grade 5 (1) Center Locknut
3/8-16 UNC
(1) Handle Lock Lever
(1) Flat Washer 13/32 x 1 x 11 Gauge
CONTENTS OF HARDWARE PACK
(2) Handle Locks
(1) Pivot Bolt
3/8-16 UNC Grade 5
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5
ASSEMBLY
FIG. 4
FIG. 2
FIG. 3
FIG. 5
• Grasp handle assembly. Hold in “up” position. Be sure
handle lock remains in gearcase notch. Slide handle
assembly into position.
HANDLE ASSEMBLY
"UP" POSITION
• Rotate handle assembly down. Insert rear carriage
bolt first, with bolt head on L.H. side of tiller and loosely
assemble locknut (See Fig. 4).
• Insert pivot bolt in front part of plate and tighten.
• Cut down left hand rear corner of carton. Lay rear carton
wall down, which will remove the protective cardboard
flap from leveling shield.
• Cut down remaining corners of carton and lay panels
flat.
• Lower the handle assembly. Tighten nut on carriage
bolt so handle moves with some resistance. This will
allow for easier adjustment.
• Place flat washer on threaded end of handle lock le-
ver.
• Insert handle lock lever through handle base and
gearcase. Screw in handle lock lever just enough to
hold lever in place.
• Insert the thinner silver handle lock (with teeth inward)
in the slot of the handle base (just inside washer).
• With handle assembly in lowest position, securely
tighten handle lock lever by rotating clockwise. Leav-
ing handle assembly in lowest position will make it
easier to remove tiller from carton.
UNPACKING CARTON (See Fig. 2)
CAUTION: Be careful of exposed
staples when handling or disposing
of cartoning material.
IMPORTANT: WHEN UNPACKING AND ASSEMBLING
TILLER, BE CAREFUL NOT TO STRETCH OR KINK CABLES.
• While holding handle assembly, cut cable ties securing
handle assembly to top frame. Let handle assembly
rest on tiller.
• Remove top frame of carton.
• Slowly ease handle assembly up and place on top of
carton.
• Cut down right hand front and right hand rear corners
of carton. Lay side carton wall down.
• Remove packing material from handle assembly.
HANDLE
ASSEMBLY
SHIFT ROD
INSTALL HANDLE (See Figs. 3, 4, and 5)
• Insert the thicker black handle lock (with teeth facing
outward) in gearcase notch.
LOOSEN HANDLE
LOCK LEVER TO
MOVE
TIGHTEN
HANDLE
LOCK LEVER
TO HOLD
BLACK
HANDLE
LOCK
HANDLE
ASSEMBLY GEARCASE
NOTCH
VIEWED FROM R.H. SIDE OF TILLER
SILVER HANDLE LOCK FLAT
WASHER
HANDLE
BASE
GEARCASE
SLOT
REAR
CARRIAGE
BOLT
HANDLE
LOCK
LEVER
LOCKNUTS
PIVOT BOLT
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6
ASSEMBLY
FIG. 6
FIG. 7
CONNECT SHIFT ROD (See Fig. 7)
• Insert end of shift rod into hole of shift lever indicator.
• Insert hairpin clip through hole of shift rod to secure.
END OF CLUTCH
CABLE
ATTACH CLUTCH CABLE (See Fig. 6)
• Hook end of clutch cable through hole in control bar
bracket if necessary.
CHECK TIRE PRESSURE
The tires on your unit were overinflated at the factory for
shipping purposes. Correct and equal tire pressure is
important for best tilling performance.
• Reduce tire pressure to 20 PSI (1.4 kg/cm2).
HANDLE HEIGHT
• Handle height may be adjusted to better suit operator.
(See “TO ADJUST HANDLE HEIGHT” in the Service
and Adjustments section of this manual).
CONTROL
BAR
CONTROL BAR
BRACKET
CONTROL BAR
BRACKET
CLUTCH
CABLE
REMOVE TILLER FROM CRATE
• Make sure shift lever indicator is in “N” position (See
Fig. 7).
• Tilt tiller forward by lifting handle. Separate cardboard
cover from leveling shield.
• Rotate tiller handle to the right and pull tiller out of
carton.
SHIFT
ROD
HAIRPIN
CLIP
SHIFT
LEVER
INDICATOR
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7
OPERATION
KNOW YOUR TILLER
READ THIS OWNER'S MANUAL AND SAFETY RULES BEFORE OPERATING YOUR TILLER.
Compare the illustrations with your tiller to familiarize yourself with the location of various controls and adjustments. Save
this manual for future reference.
These symbols may appear on your Tiller or in literature supplied with the product. Learn and understand their
meaning.
CHOKE CONTROL
DEPTH STAKE
RECOIL
STARTER
HANDLE
LEVELING
SHIELD
DRIVE CONTROL BAR
THROTTLE CONTROL
SHIFT LEVER
OUTER SIDE
SHIELD
FIG. 8
MEETS ANSI SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
Our tillers conform to the safety standards of the American National Standards Institute.
SHIFT LEVER - Used to shift transmission gears.
SHIFT LEVER INDICATOR - Shows which gear the trans-
mission is in.
RECOIL STARTER HANDLE - Used to start the engine.
CHOKE CONTROL - Used when starting a cold engine.
THROTTLE CONTROL - Used to control engine speed.
DRIVE CONTROL BAR - Used to engage tiller.
DEPTH STAKE - Controls depth at which tiller will dig.
LEVELING SHIELD - Levels tilled soil.
OUTER SIDE SHIELD - Adjustable to protect small plants
from being buried.
SHIFT LEVER
INDICATOR
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8
OPERATION
HOW TO USE YOUR TILLER
Know how to operate all controls before adding fuel and
oil or attempting to start engine.
STOPPING (See Fig. 9)
TINES AND DRIVE
• Release drive control bar to stop movement.
• Move shift lever to “N” (neutral) position.
ENGINE
• Move throttle control to “STOP” position. If equipped
with stop switch, move switch to “STOP” position.
• Never use choke to stop engine.
SHIFT
LEVER
DRIVE CONTROL
BAR“DISENGAGED”
POSITION
TINE OPERATION - WITH WHEEL DRIVE
• Always release drive control bar before moving shift
lever into another position.
• Tine movement is achieved by moving shift lever to
( ) till position and engaging drive control bar.
FORWARD- WHEELS ONLY/TINES
STOPPED
• Release drive control bar and move shift lever indicator
to “F” (forward) position. Engage drive control bar and
tiller will move forward.
REVERSE - WHEELS ONLY/TINES STOPPED
• DO NOT STAND DIRECTLY BEHIND TILLER.
• Release the drive control bar.
• Move throttle control to “SLOW” position.
• Move shift lever indicator to “R” (reverse) position.
• Hold drive control bar against the handle to start tiller
movement.
DRIVE CONTROL
BAR “ENGAGED”
POSITION
THROTTLE
CONTROL
HANDLE
HARD TO SHIFT GEARS
• Briefly engage drive control bar and release or rock tiller
forward and backward until are able to shift gears.
DEPTH STAKE (See Fig. 10)
The depth stake can be raised or lowered to allow you more
versatile tilling and cultivating, or to more easily transport
your tiller.
The operation of any tiller can result in foreign objects thrown into the eyes, which can
result in severe eye damage. Always wear safety glasses or eye shields before starting
your tiller and while tilling. We recommend a wide vision safety mask over spectacles or
standard safety glasses.
TRANSPORT
POSITION
DEEPEST
TILLING
DEPTH
STAKE
FIG. 10
TILLING (See Fig. 11)
• Release depth stake pin. Pull the depth stake up for
increased tilling depth. Place depth stake pin in hole
of depth stake to lock in position.
• Place shift lever indicator in till position.
• Hold the drive control bar against the handle to start
tilling movement. Tines and wheels will both turn.
• Move throttle control to “FAST” position for deep tilling.
To cultivate, throttle control can be set at any desired
speed, depending on how fast or slow you wish to
cultivate.
IMPORTANT: ALWAYS RELEASE DRIVE CONTROL
BAR BEFORE MOVING SHIFT LEVER INTO ANOTHER
POSITION.
NUT “B”
NUT “A”
OUTER
SIDE SHIELD
DEPTH STAKE PIN
“RELEASED” POSITION
“LOCKED”
POSITION
FIG. 11
FIG. 9
SHALLOWEST
TILLING
(CULTIVATING)
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9
OPERATION
• For cold weather operation you should change oil for
easier starting (See oil viscosity chart in the Mainte-
nance section of this manual).
• To change engine oil, see the Maintenance section in
this manual.
OIL
LEVEL
OIL DRAIN
PLUG
OIL
FILLER
PLUG
FIG. 12
TURNING
• Release the drive control bar.
• Move throttle control to “SLOW” position.
• Place shift lever indicator in“F”(forward) position. Tines
will not turn.
• Lift handle to raise tines out of ground.
• Swing the handle in the opposite direction you wish
to turn, being careful to keep feet and legs away from
tines.
• When you have completed your turn-around, release
the drive control bar and lower handle. Place shift
lever in till position and move throttle control to desired
speed. To begin tilling, hold drive control bar against
the handle.
OUTER SIDE SHIELDS (See Fig. 11)
The back edges of the outer side shields are slotted so
that the shields can be raised for deep tilling and lowered
for shallow tilling to protect small plants from being buried.
Loosen nut “A” in slot and nut “B”. Move shield to desired
position (both sides). Retighten nuts.
TO TRANSPORT
CAUTION: Before lifting or transporting,
allow tiller engine and muffler to cool.
Disconnect spark plug wire. Drain
gasoline from fuel tank.
AROUND THE YARD
• Release the depth stake pin. Move the depth stake
down to the top hole for transporting the tiller. Place
depth stake pin in hole of depth stake to lock in posi-
tion. This prevents tines from scuffing the ground.
• Place shift lever indicator in “F” (forward) position for
transporting.
• Hold the drive control bar against the handle to start
tiller movement. Tines will not turn.
• Move throttle control to desired speed.
AROUND TOWN
• Disconnect spark plug wire.
• Drain fuel tank.
• Transport in upright position to prevent oil leakage.
BEFORE STARTING ENGINE
IMPORTANT: BE VERY CAREFUL NOT TO ALLOW DIRT
TO ENTER THE ENGINE WHEN CHECKING OR ADDING
OIL OR FUEL. USE CLEAN OIL AND FUEL AND STORE IN
APPROVED, CLEAN, COVERED CONTAINERS. USE CLEAN
FILL FUNNELS.
CHECK ENGINE OIL LEVEL (See Fig. 12)
• The engine in your unit has been shipped, from the
factory, already filled with SAE 30 summer weight oil.
• With engine level, clean area around oil filler plug and
remove plug.
• Engine oil should be to point of overflowing when engine
is level. For approximate capacity see “PRODUCT
SPECIFICATIONS” on page 3 of this manual. All oil
must meet A.P.I. Service Classification SF-SJ.
ADD GASOLINE
• Fill fuel tank to bottom of filler neck. Do not overfill.
Use fresh, clean, regular unleaded gasoline with a
minimum of 87 octane. (Use of leaded gasoline will
increase carbon and lead oxide deposits and reduce
valve life). Do not mix oil with gasoline. Purchase fuel
in quantities that can be used within 30 days to assure
fuel freshness.
CAUTION: Fill to within 1/2 inch of top
of fuel tank to prevent spills and to allow
for fuel expansion. If gasoline is ac-
cidentally spilled, move machine away
from area of spill. Avoid creating any
source of ignition until gasoline vapors
have disappeared.
Wipe off any spilled oil or fuel. Do not
store, spill or use gasoline near an
open flame.
IMPORTANT: WHEN OPERATING IN TEMPERATURES
BELOW32°F(0°C), USE FRESH, CLEAN WINTER GRADE
GASOLINE TO HELP INSURE GOOD COLD WEATHER
STARTING.
CAUTION: Alcohol blended fuels (called
gasohol or using ethanol or methanol) can at-
tract moisture which leads to separation and
formation of acids during storage. Acidic gas
can damage the fuel system of an engine while
in storage. To avoid engine problems, the fuel
system should be emptied before storage of
30 days or longer. Drain the gas tank, start
the engine and let it run until the fuel lines
and carburetor are empty. Use fresh fuel next
season. See Storage Instructions for additional
information. Never use engine or carburetor
cleaner products in the fuel tank or permanent
damage may occur.
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10
OPERATION
FIG. 14
321
5
4
67
FIG. 13
CHOKE CONTROL
RECOIL STARTER HANDLE
TILLING HINTS
CAUTION: Until you are accustomed to
handling your tiller,start actual field use
with throttle in slow position (mid-way
between “FAST” and “IDLE”).
• Tilling is digging into, turning over, and breaking up
packed soil before planting.Loose, unpacked soil helps
root growth. Best tilling depth is 4" to 6" (10-15 cm).
A tiller will also clear the soil of unwanted vegetation.
The decomposition of this vegetable matter enriches
the soil. Depending on the climate (rainfall and wind),
it may be advisable to till the soil at the end of the
growing season to further condition the soil.
• Soil conditions are important for proper tilling.Tines will
not readily penetrate dry, hard soil which may contribute
to excessive bounce and difficult handling of your tiller.
Hard soil should be moistened before tilling; however,
extremely wet soil will “ball-up” or clump during tilling.
Wait until the soil is less wet in order to achieve the
best results. When tilling in the fall, remove vines and
long grass to prevent them from wrapping around the
tine shaft and slowing your tilling operation.
• You will find tilling much easier if you leave a row un-
tilled between passes. Then go back between tilled
rows. (See Fig. 14) There are two reasons for doing
this.First, wide turns are much easier to negotiate than
about-faces. Second, the tiller won’t be pulling itself,
and you, toward the row next to it.
• Do not lean on handle. This takes weight off the wheels
and reduces traction. To get through a really tough
section of sod or hard ground, apply upward pressure
on handle or lower the depth stake.
TO START ENGINE (See Fig. 13)
CAUTION: Keep drive control bar in
“DISENGAGED” position when start-
ing engine.
When starting engine for the first time or if engine has run
out of fuel, it will take extra pulls of the recoil starter to
move fuel from the tank to the engine.
• Make sure spark plug wire is properly connected.
• Move shift lever indicator to “N” (neutral) position.
• Place throttle control in “FAST” position.
• Turn fuel shut-off valve 1/4 turn to open position.
• Move choke control to choke position.
• Grasp recoil starter handle with one hand and grasp
tiller handle with other hand. Pull rope out slowly until
engine reaches start of compression cycle (rope will
pull slightly harder at this point).
• Pull recoil starter handle quickly. Do not let starter
handle snap back against starter.
• If engine fires but does not start, move choke control
to half choke position. Pull recoil starter handle until
engine starts.
• When engine starts, slowly move choke control to
"RUN" position as engine warms up.
NOTE: A warm engine requires less choking to start.
• Move throttle control to desired running position.
• Allow engine to warm up for a few minutes before
engaging tines.
NOTE: If at a high altitude (3000 feet) or in cold
temperatures (below 32°F), the carburetor fuel mixture
may need to be adjusted for best engine performance.
See "TO ADJUST CARBURETOR" in the Service and
Adjustments section of this manual.
NOTE: If engine does not start, see troubleshooting
points.
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11
OPERATION
FIG. 16
OUTER VIEW OF TIRE
ADJUST WHEELS FOR CULTIVATING (See
Figs. 16 and 17)
• Place blocks under right hand side of tiller and remove
hairpin clip and clevis pin from right hand wheel.
• Move wheel outward approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm)
until hole in inner wheel hub lines up with inner hole
in axle.
• Replace clevis pin and hairpin clip on inside of wheel
and remove blocks.
• Repeat preceding steps on left hand side.
NOTE: In extremely rough conditions and while cultivat-
ing, the wheels should be moved outward on the axle for
increased stability.
CLEVIS
PIN
FIG. 17
INNER VIEW OF TIRE
CLEVIS
PIN
HAIRPIN
CLIP
HAIRPIN
CLIP
FIG. 15
TINE SHEAR PINS
The tine assemblies on your tiller are secured to the tine
shaft with shear pins (See “TINE REPLACEMENT” in the
Service and Adjustments section of this manual).
If the tiller is unusually overloaded or jammed, the shear
pins are designed to break before internal damage occurs
to the transmission.
• If shear pin(s) break, replace only with those shown in
the Repair Parts section of this manual.
CULTIVATING
Cultivating is destroying the weeds between rows to pre-
vent them from robbing nourishment and moisture from the
plants. At the same time, breaking up the upper layer of
soil crust will help retain moisture in the soil. Best digging
depth is 1" to 3" (2.5-7.5 cm). Lower the outer side shields
to protect small plants from being buried.
• Cultivate up and down the rows at a speed which will
allow tines to uproot weeds and leave the ground in
rough condition, promoting no further growth of weeds
and grass (See Fig. 15).
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12
MAINTENANCE
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
The warranty on this tiller does not cover items that have
been subjected to operator abuse or negligence. To receive
full value from the warranty, the operator must maintain tiller
as instructed in this manual.
Some adjustments will need to be made periodically to
properly maintain your tiller.
All adjustments in the Service and Adjustments section
of this manual should be checked at least once each
season.
• Once a year you should replace the spark plug, clean
or replace air filter, and check tines and belts for wear.
A new spark plug and clean air filter assure proper
air-fuel mixture and help your engine run better and
last longer.
BEFORE EACH USE
• Check engine oil level.
• Check tine operation.
• Check for loose fasteners.
LUBRICATION
Keep unit well lubricated (See “LUBRICATION CHART”).
MAINTENANCE
SCHEDULE
FILL IN DATES
AS YOU COMPLETE
REGULAR SERVICE
Check Engine Oil Level
Change Engine Oil
Oil Pivot Points
Inspect Air Screen
Inspect Spark Arrester / Muffler
Clean or Replace Air Cleaner Cartridge
Clean Engine Cylinder Fins
Replace Spark Plug
BEFORE EACH USE
EVERY 25 HOURS
EVERY 5 HOURS
EVERY 50 HOURS
SERVICE DATES
1,2
2
1 - Change more often when operating under a heavy load or in high ambient temperatures.
2 - Service more often when operating in dirty or dusty conditions.
EVERY SEASON
RH Gear Case Grease Fitting (1oz.)
dENGINE
cIDLER
BRACKET cWHEEL
HUB
cLEVELING
SHIELD
HINGES
cDEPTH
STAKE PIN
cTHROTTLE CONTROL
cSAE 30 OR 10W-30 MOTOR OIL
dREFER TO MAINTENANCE “ENGINE” SECTION
eEP #1 GREASE
LUBRICATION CHART
eRH GEAR CASE
GREASE FITTING
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13
MAINTENANCE
FIG. 18
Disconnect spark plug wire before performing any maintenance (except carburetor adjustment) to prevent
accidental starting of engine.
Prevent fires! Keep the engine free of grass, leaves, spilled oil, or fuel. Remove fuel from tank before tipping
unit for maintenance. Clean muffler area of all grass, dirt, and debris.
Do not touch hot muffler or cylinder fins as contact may cause burns.
TO CHANGE ENGINE OIL (See Figs. 18 and 19)
Determine temperature range expected before oil change.
All oil must meet API service classification SF-SJ.
• Be sure tiller is on level surface.
• Oil will drain more freely when warm.
• Use a funnel to prevent oil spill on tiller, and catch oil
in a suitable container.
• Remove drain plug.
• Tip tiller forward to drain oil.
• After oil has drained completely, replace oil drain plug
and tighten securely.
• Remove oil filler plug. Be careful not to allow dirt to
enter the engine.
• Refill engine with oil.See“CHECK ENGINE OIL LEVEL”
in the Operation section of this manual.
OIL
DRAIN
PLUG
OIL FILLER
PLUG
OIL LEVEL
FIG. 19
ENGINE
LUBRICATION
Use only high quality detergent oil rated with API service
classification SF-SJ. Select the oil’s SAE viscosity grade
according to your expected temperature.
NOTE: Although multi-viscosity oils (5W-30, 10W-30, etc.)
improve starting in cold weather, these multi-viscosity oils
will result in increased oil consumption when used above
32°F (0°C). Check your engine oil level more frequently to
avoid possible engine damage from running low on oil.
Change the oil after every 25 hours of operation or at
least once a year if the tiller is not used for 25 hours in
one year.
Check the crankcase oil level before starting the engine
and after each five (5) hours of continuous use. Add SAE
30 motor oil or equivalent. Tighten oil filler plug securely
each time you check the oil level.
TEMPERATURE RANGE ANTICIPATED BEFORE NEXT OIL CHANGE
SAE VISCOSITY GRADES
-20 0 30 40 80 100
-30 -20 0 20 30 40
F
C
32
-10 10
60
5W-30
SAE 30
oil_visc_chart1_e
AIR FILTER (See Fig. 20)
Your engine will not run properly using a dirty air filter. Clean
the foam pre-cleaner after every 25 hours of operation or
every season. Service paper cartridge every 100 hours of
operation or every season, whichever occurs first.
Service air cleaner more often under dusty conditions.
• Remove cover screw and cover.
TO SERVICE PRE-CLEANER
• Remove foam pre-cleaner from air cleaner cover.
• Wash it in liquid detergent and water.
• Squeeze it dry in a clean cloth.
• If very dirty or damaged, replace pre-cleaner.
• Reinstall pre-cleaner into air cleaner cover.
• Reinstall cover and secure screw.
TO SERVICE CARTRIDGE
• Carefully remove cartridge to prevent debris from
entering carburetor. Clean base carefully to prevent
debris from entering carburetor.
• Clean cartridge by tapping gently on flat surface. If
very dirty or damaged, replace cartridge.
• Reinstall cartridge, cover with pre-cleaner and secure
with screw.
IMPORTANT: PETROLEUM SOLVENTS, SUCH AS KEROSENE,
ARE NOT TO BE USED TO CLEAN THE CARTRIDGE. THEY
MAY CAUSE DETERIORATION OF THE CARTRIDGE. DO NOT
OIL CARTRIDGE. DO NOT USE PRESSURIZED AIRTO CLEAN
OR DRY CARTRIDGE.
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14
MAINTENANCE
MUFFLER
Do not operate tiller without muffler. Do not tamper with
exhaust system.Damaged mufflers or spark arresters could
create a fire hazard. Inspect periodically and replace if
necessary. If your engine is equipped with a spark arrester
screen assembly, remove every 50 hours for cleaning and
inspection. Replace if damaged.
SPARK PLUG
Replace spark plugs at the beginning of each tilling sea-
son or after every 50 hours of use, whichever comes first.
Spark plug type and gap setting is shown in “PRODUCT
SPECIFICATIONS” on page 3 of this manual.
TRANSMISSION
Once a season, lubricate the right hand side gear case
grease fitting with oz. of EP #1 grease.
MUFFLER AIR SCREEN
BLOWER
HOUSING
CYLINDER FINS
FIG. 21
COOLING SYSTEM (See Fig. 21)
Your engine is air cooled. For proper engine performance
and long life keep your engine clean.
• Clean air screen frequently using a stiff-bristled
brush.
• Remove blower housing and clean as necessary.
• Keep cylinder fins free of dirt and chaff.
FIG. 20
COVER
KNOB
BASE
FOAM
PRECLEANER
COVER
AIR CLEANER
CARTRIDGE
CLEANING
Do not clean your tiller when the engine and transmission
are hot. We do not recommend using pressurized water
(garden hose, etc.) to clean your unit unless the gasket
area around the transmission and the engine muffler, air
fi l ter and carburetor are covered to keep water out. Water
in engine will shorten the useful life of your tiller.
• Clean engine, wheels, finish, etc. of all foreign mat-
ter.
• Keep finished surfaces and wheels free of all gasoline,
oil, etc.
• Protect painted surfaces with automotive type wax.
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15
TILLER
TO ADJUST HANDLE HEIGHT (See Fig. 22)
Select handle height best suited for your tilling conditions.
Handle height will be different when tiller digs into soil.
• First loosen handle lock lever.
• Handle can be positioned at different settings between
“HIGH” and “LOW” positions.
• Retighten handle lock lever securely after adjusting.
HANDLE (LOW
POSITION)
HANDLE (HIGH
POSITION)
FIG. 22
FIG. 23
SERVICE AND ADJUSTMENTS
CAUTION: Disconnect spark plug wire from spark plug and place wire where it cannot come into
contact with plug.
HANDLE
LOCK
LEVER
TIRE CARE
CAUTION: When mounting tires, un-
less beads are seated,overinflation can
cause an explosion.
• Maintain 20 pounds of tire pressure. If tire pressures
are not equal, tiller will pull to one side.
• Keep tires free of gasoline or oil which can damage
rubber.
TO REMOVE WHEEL (See Fig. 23)
• Place blocks under transmission to keep tiller from
tipping.
• Remove outer side shield by removing nuts “A” and
“B”.
• Remove inner side shield by removing nuts “C” and
“D”.
• Remove hairpin clip and clevis pin from wheel.
• Remove wheel and tire.
• Repair tire and reassemble.
CLEVIS
PIN
INNER SIDE
SHIELD
OUTER
SIDE
SHIELD
NUT
“D”
HAIRPIN
CLIP
NUT “C”
NUT “A”
NUT “B”
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16
SERVICE AND ADJUSTMENTS
FIG. 26
FIG. 25
FIG. 24
• To maintain the superb tilling performance of this ma-
chine the tines should be checked for sharpness, wear,
and bending, particularly the tines which are next to
the transmission. If the gap between the tines exceeds
3-1/2 inches they should be replaced or straightened
as necessary.
• New tines should be assembled as shown in Fig.
26. Sharpened tine edges will rotate rearward from
above.
TINE REPLACEMENT
(See Figs. 24, 25 and 26)
CAUTION: Tines are sharp. Wear
gloves or other protection when han-
dling tines.
A badly worn tine causes your tiller to work harder and dig
more shallow. Most important, worn tines cannot chop and
shred organic matter as effectively nor bury it as deeply as
good tines. A tine this worn needs to be replaced.
NEW TINE WORN TINE
3-1/2" MAX
TINE
TINE TRANSMISSION
COUNTER
TINE
ROTATION
HAIRPIN
CLIP
HAIRPIN CLIP
CLEVIS PIN CLEVIS PIN
SHARP EDGE
SHARP EDGES
SHARP EDGES
SHARP EDGE
SHARP EDGE
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17
SERVICE AND ADJUSTMENTS
BELT GUARD
SCREW HAIRPIN CLIP AND
CLEVIS PIN
HEX NUT
AND WASHER
(LOCATED
BEHIND
TIRE)
FIG. 27
FIG. 28
SCREW
TO REMOVE BELT GUARD (See Fig. 27)
• Remove hairpin clip and clevis pin from left wheel.
Pull wheel out from tiller about 1 inch.
• Remove cap nut and washer, and hex bolt and washer
from side of belt guard.
• Remove hex nut and washer from bottom of belt guard
(located behind wheel).
• Pull belt guard out and away from tiller.
• Replace belt guard by reversing above procedure.
TO REPLACE GROUND DRIVE BELT
(See Fig. 28)
• Remove belt guard. (See “TO REMOVE BELT GUARD”
in this section of this manual).
• Remove old belt by slipping from engine pulley first.
• Place new belt in groove of transmission pulley and
into engine pulley. BELT MUST BE IN GROOVE ON
TOP OF IDLER PULLEY. NOTE POSITION OF BELT
TO GUIDES.
• Check belt adjustment as described below.
• Replace belt guard.
• Reposition wheel and replace clevis pin and hairpin
clip.
GROUND DRIVE BELT ADJUSTMENT
(See Fig. 28)
For proper belt tension, the extension spring should
have about 5/8 inch stretch when drive control bar is in
“ENGAGED” position. This tension can be attained as
follows:
• Loosen cable clip screw securing the drive control
cable.
• Slide cable forward for less tension and rearward for
more tension until about 5/8 inch stretch is obtained
while the drive control bar is engaged.
• Tighten cable clip screw securely.
CABLE CLIP
SCREW
DRIVE
CONTROL
CABLE
EXTENSION
SPRING
ENGINE
PULLEY
IDLER
PULLEY
TRANSMISSION
PULLEY
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18
SERVICE AND ADJUSTMENTS
FIG. 29
THROTTLE
CONTROL
CLAMP
SCREW
CASING
AND WIRE
FUEL
TANK
ENGINE
TO ADJUST THROTTLE CONTROL CABLE
(See Fig. 29)
The throttle control has been preset at the factory and
adjustment should not be necessary. If adjustment is
necessary, proceed as follows:
• With engine not running, move remote throttle control
lever to “FAST” position.
• If throttle lever on engine touches high speed stop, no
further adjustment is necessary. If throttle lever does
not touch high speed stop, continue with adjustment
procedure.
• Loosen cable clamp screw.
• Move throttle lever up until it touches high speed stop,
and hold in this position.
• Tighten cable clamp screw securely.
TO ADJUST CARBURETOR
The carburetor has been preset at the factory and adjustment
should not be necessary. However, engine performance
can be affected by differences in fuel, temperature, altitude
or load. If the carburetor does need adjustment, contact
your nearest authorized service center/department
IMPORTANT: NEVERTAMPERWITHTHEENGINEGOVERNOR,
WHICH IS FACTORY SET FOR PROPER ENGINE SPEED.
OVERSPEEDING THE ENGINE ABOVE THE FACTORY HIGH
SPEED SETTING CAN BE DANGEROUS. IF YOU THINK THE
ENGINE-GOVERNED HIGH SPEED NEEDS ADJUSTING,
CONTACTYOUR NEAREST AUTHORIZED SERVICE CENTER/
DEPARTMENT, WHICH HAS THE PROPER EQUIPMENT AND
EXPERIENCE TO MAKE ANY NECESSARY ADJUSTMENTS.
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19
Immediately prepare your tiller for storage at the end of the
season or if the unit will not be used for 30 days or more.
WARNING: Never store the tiller with
gasoline in the tank inside a building
where fumes may reach an open flame
or spark. Allow the engine to cool before
storing in any enclosure.
TILLER
• Clean entire tiller (See“CLEANING”in the Maintenance
section of this manual).
• Inspect and replace belts, if necessary (See belt re-
placement instructions in the Service and Adjustments
section of this manual).
• Lubricate as shown in the Maintenance section of this
manual.
• Be sure that all nuts, bolts and screws are securely
fastened. Inspect moving parts for damage, breakage
and wear. Replace if necessary.
• Touch up all rusted or chipped paint surfaces; sand
lightly before painting.
ENGINE
FUEL SYSTEM
IMPORTANT: IT IS IMPORTANT TO PREVENT GUM
DEPOSITS FROM FORMING IN ESSENTIAL FUEL SYSTEM
PARTS SUCH AS THE CARBURETOR, FUEL FILTER, FUEL
HOSE, OR TANK DURING STORAGE. ALSO, EXPERIENCE
INDICATES THAT ALCOHOL BLENDED FUELS (CALLED
GASOHOL OR USING ETHANOL OR METHANOL) CAN
ATTRACT MOISTURE WHICH LEADS TO SEPARATION AND
FORMATION OF ACIDS DURING STORAGE. ACIDIC GAS
CAN DAMAGE THE FUEL SYSTEM OF AN ENGINE WHILE IN
STORAGE.
• Drain the fuel tank.
• Start the engine and let it run until the fuel lines and
carburetor are empty.
• Never use engine or carburetor cleaner products in the
fuel tank or permanent damage may occur.
• Use fresh fuel next season.
NOTE: Fuel stabilizer is an acceptable alternative in mini-
mizing the formation of fuel gum deposits during storage.
Add stabilizer to gasoline in fuel tank or storage container.
Always follow the mix ratio found on stabilizer container.
Run engine at least 10 minutes after adding stabilizer to
allow the stabilizer to reach the carburetor. Do not drain
the gas tank and carburetor if using fuel stabilizer.
ENGINE OIL
Drain oil (with engine warm) and replace with clean oil. (See
“ENGINE” in the Maintenance section of this manual).
CYLINDER(S)
• Remove spark plug.
• Pour 1 ounce (29 ml) of oil through spark plug hole into
cylinder.
• Pull starter handle slowly several times to distribute
oil.
• Replace with new spark plug.
OTHER
• Do not store gasoline from one season to an-
other.
• Replace your gasoline can if your can starts to rust.
Rust and/or dirt in your gasoline will cause problems.
• If possible, store your unit indoors and cover it to give
protection from dust and dirt.
• Cover your unit with a suitable protective cover that
does not retain moisture. Do not use plastic. Plastic
cannot breathe which allows condensation to form and
will cause your unit to rust.
IMPORTANT: NEVER COVER TILLER WHILE ENGINE AND
EXHAUST AREAS ARE STILL WARM.
STORAGE
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20
TROUBLESHOOTING POINTS
Will not start 1. Out of fuel. 1. Fill fuel tank.
2. Engine not “CHOKED” properly. 2. See “TO START ENGINE” in Operation section.
3. Engine flooded. 3. Wait several minutes before attempting to start.
4. Dirty air cleaner. 4. Clean or replace air cleaner cartridge.
5. Water in fuel. 5. Drain fuel tank and carburetor, and refill tank with
fresh gasoline.
6. Clogged fuel tank. 6. Remove fuel tank and clean.
7. Loose spark plug wire. 7. Make sure spark plug wire is seated properly on
plug.
8. Bad spark plug or improper gap. 8. Replace spark plug or adjust gap.
9. Carburetor out of adjustment. 9. Make necessary adjustments.
Hard to start 1. Throttle control not set properly. 1. Place throttle control in “FAST” position.
2. Dirty air cleaner. 2. Clean or replace air cleaner cartridge.
3. Bad spark plug or improper gap. 3. Replace spark plug or adjust gap.
4. Stale or dirty fuel. 4. Drain fuel tank and refill with fresh gasoline.
5. Loose spark plug wire. 5. Make sure spark plug wire is seated properly on
plug.
6. Carburetor out of adjustment. 6. Make necessary adjustments.
Loss of power 1. Engine is overloaded. 1. Set depth stake for shallower tilling.
2. Dirty air cleaner. 2. Clean or replace air cleaner cartridge.
3. Low oil level/dirty oil. 3. Check oil level/change oil.
4. Faulty spark plug. 4. Clean and regap or change spark plug.
5. Oil in fuel. 5. Drain and clean fuel tank and refill, and clean
carburetor.
6. Stale or dirty fuel. 6. Drain fuel tank and refill with fresh gasoline.
7. Water in fuel. 7. Drain fuel tank and carburetor, and refill tank with
fresh gasoline.
8. Clogged fuel tank. 8. Remove fuel tank and clean.
9. Spark plug wire loose. 9. Connect and tighten spark plug wire.
10. Dirty engine air screen. 10. Clean engine air screen.
11. Dirty/clogged muffler. 11. Clean/replace muffler.
12. Carburetor out of adjustment. 12. Make necessary adjustments.
13. Poor compression. 13. Contact an authorized service center/department.
Engine overheats 1. Low oil level/dirty oil. 1. Check oil level/change oil.
2. Dirty engine air screen. 2. Clean engine air screen.
3. Dirty engine. 3. Clean cylinder fins, air screen, and muffler area.
4. Partially plugged muffler. 4. Remove and clean muffler.
5. Improper carburetor adjustment. 5. Adjust carburetor to richer position.
Excessive bounce/ 1. Ground too dry and hard. 1. Moisten ground or wait for more favorable soil
difficult handling conditions.
Soil balls up or clumps 1. Ground too wet. 1. Wait for more favorable soil conditions.
Engine runs but tiller 1. Drive control bar is not engaged. 1. Engage drive control.
won’t move 2. V-belt not correctly adjusted. 2. Inspect/adjust V-belt.
3. V-belt is off pulley(s). 3. Inspect V-belt.
Engine runs but labors 1. Tilling too deep. 1. Set depth stake for shallower tilling.
when tilling 2. Throttle control not properly adjusted. 2. Check throttle control setting.
3. Carburetor out of adjustment. 3. Make necessary adjustments.
Tines will not rotate 1. Shear pin(s) broken. 1. Replace shear pin(s).
Hard to shift into gear 1. Gears not timed. 1. Briefly engage drive control bar and release or rock
tiller forward and backward until are able to shift
gears.
Tiller shuts off when 1. Shift lever set in between counter rotating till 1. Shift to either counter rotating till position or forward
drive control bar position and forward rotating till position. rotating till position.
engaged 2. Tines jammed. 2. Clear tines.
PROBLEM CAUSE CORRECTION
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