Sun Microsystems 2 User manual

Sun Microsystems, Inc.
2500 Garcia Avenue
Mountain View, CA 94043
U.S.A.
SPARCstation2FieldServiceManual
Part No: 800-5166-10
Revision A of February 1991

1991 by Sun Microsystems, Inc.—Printed in USA.
2550 Garcia Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043-1100
All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by copyright may be reproduced in any
form or by any means—graphic, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
recording, taping, or storage in an information retrieval system— without prior written
permission of the copyright owner.
The OPEN LOOK and the Sun Graphical User Interfaces were developed by Sun
Microsystems, Inc. for its users and licensees. Sun acknowledges the pioneering efforts of
Xerox in researching and developing the concept of visual or graphical user interfaces for
the computer industry. Sun holds a non-exclusive license from Xerox to the Xerox
Graphical User Interface, which license also covers Sun’s licensees.
RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data
and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 (October 1988) and FAR 52.227-19
(June 1987).
The product described in this manual may be protected by one or more U.S. patents,
foreign patents, and/or pending applications.
TRADEMARKS
The Sun logo, Sun Microsystems, Sun Workstation, NeWS, and SunLink are registered
trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries.
Sun, Sun-2, Sun-3, Sun-4, Sun386i, SunCD, SunInstall, SunOS, SunView, NFS, and
OpenWindows are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
UNIX and OPEN LOOK are registered trademarks of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe also owns
copyrights related to the PostScript language and the PostScript interpreter. The
trademark PostScript is used herein only to refer to material supplied by Adobe or to
programs written in the PostScript language as defined by Adobe.
X Window System is a product of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
SPARC is a registered trademark of SPARC International, Inc. Products bearing the
SPARC trademark are based on an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.
SPARCstation is a trademark of SPARC International, Inc., licensed exclusively to Sun
Microsystems, Inc.
All other products or services mentioned in this document are identified by the
trademarks, service marks, or product names as designated by the companies who market
those products. Inquiries concerning such trademarks should be made directly to those
companies.

iii
Contents
About This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
1. System Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Major Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
CPU Core. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
SBus Slots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Memory Management Unit+. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
S4 DMA+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Dynamic RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Eight Bit Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Single Inline Memory Modules (SIMMs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
SBus Boards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Mass Storage Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

iv SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
Monitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2. Diagnostics Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
How It Fits Together. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
When to Use Diagnostics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Boot PROM Diagnostics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Power-On Self-Test (POST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
On-Board Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Sundiag System Exerciser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
SunDiagnostic Executive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Monitor and Forth Toolkit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3. Preparing to Work on the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Halting the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Tools Needed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Disconnecting Desktop Storage Packs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Disconnecting External Storage Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Removing the System Unit’s Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Attaching a Wrist Strap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
4. FRU Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Before You Begin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Removing and Replacing FRUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
FRU Identification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Single Inline Memory Modules (SIMMs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Determining Faulty SIMM Locations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
SBus Boards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Contents v
Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Hard Disk Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Diskette Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Fan Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Serial Port Jumpers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Main Logic Board Voltage Test Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Before Replacing the Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Removing the Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Preparing Main Logic Board for Replacement . . . . . . . . . 89
Replacing the Main Logic Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Boot PROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
NVRAM/TOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Speaker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Replacing the System Unit’s Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Connecting the Desktop Storage Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Connecting the External Storage Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Video Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Mouse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
How to Turn the Power Back On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
A. System Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Regulatory Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Input Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

vi SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
Environmental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
B. Illustrated Parts Breakdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Parts Breakdown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
C. FRU List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
FRU List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
D. Open Boot PROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Open Boot PROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

vii
Figures
Figure 1-1 SPARCstation 2 Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Figure 1-2 Top View of the System With the Cover Removed . . . . . . . . . 3
Figure 1-3 The Workstation’s Main Logic Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 1-4 Block Level Diagram of the Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 2-1 Default Boot Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 2-2 Arrangement of Keyboard LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 2-3 Keyboard LED Diagnostic Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 2-4 Location of SIMM Slots in System Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Figure 2-5 SIMM Slot Locations on Main Logic Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 2-6 Halting the System and Displaying On-Board Diagnostics . . 30
Figure 3-1 System Unit Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure 3-2 The System Unit’s Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Figure 4-1 Top View of the System With the Cover Removed . . . . . . . . . 43
Figure 4-2 Boards and Modules (continued on next page) . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Figure 4-2 Boards and Modules (continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 4-3 SIMM Extraction Tool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

viii SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
Figure 4-4 Inserting the SIMM Extraction Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure 4-5 Final Manual Removal of a SIMM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 4-6 Location of SIMM Slots in System Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Figure 4-7 SIMM Slot Location on Main Logic Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 4-8 4 Megabyte SIMM: Horizontally-mounted Chips . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure 4-9 Removing and Replacing the Power Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Figure 4-10 Hard Disk Drive with 6 Jumpers—Jumper Setting for Drive 1 64
Figure 4-11 Hard Disk Drive with 5 Jumpers—Jumper Setting for Drive 1 64
Figure 4-12 Hard Disk Drive with 6 Jumpers—Jumper Setting for Drive 2 65
Figure 4-13 Hard Disk Drive with 5 Jumpers—Jumper Setting for Drive 2 65
Figure 4-14 Removing and Replacing the Hard Disk Drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Figure 4-15 Connecting Power and Data Cables to the Hard Disk Drive . 68
Figure 4-16 Removing and Replacing the Diskette Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Figure 4-17 Connecting Power and Data Cables to the Diskette Drive . . . 72
Figure 4-18 Removing and Replacing the Fan Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Figure 4-19 Connecting "Y" Power Cable to Fan Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Figure 4-20 Top View of System Unit’s Internal Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Figure 4-21 Serial Port Jumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Figure 4-22 Preset RS-423 Jumper Positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Figure 4-23 RS-232 Jumper Positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Figure 4-24 Pin Location of Power Supply Connector (J0701). . . . . . . . . . . 80
Figure 4-25 Main Logic Board Layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Figure 4-26 Removing and Replacing the Main Logic Board . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Figure 4-27 Replacing the System Unit’s Cover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Figure B-1 System Interconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Figures ix
Figure B-2 Exploded View of the System Unit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Figure B-3 Exploded View of the System Unit Showing Drive Bracket. . . . 110
Figure B-4 Exploded View of the Main Logic Board in the System Unit. . . 111

xSPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991

xi
Tables
Table 1-1 Main Logic Board Parts Layout: Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Table 1-2 List of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Table 1-3 Video Monitor Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 2-1 Summary of Available Diagnostic Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Table 2-2 Table of Memory Banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Table 4-1 Table of Memory Banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Table 4-2 Table of Hard Disk ID Jumper Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Table 4-3 Main Logic Board Parts layout: Legend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Table 4-4 List of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Table A-1 Regulatory Compliance Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Table A-2 Input Power Requirements and Power Dissipation for the
System Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Table A-3 Table of Environmental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Table A-4 Table of Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Table B-1 System Components and Their Part Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Table C-1 FRU List (continued on next page). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

xii SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991

xiii
AboutThisBook
The SPARCstation2 Field Service Manual describes how to diagnose system
problems by running diagnostic programs and removing and replacing field
replaceable units (FRUs). Appendix C lists the FRU part numbers.
Who Should Read This Book
This book is written for Sun Field Service representatives, original equipment
manufacturers (OEMs), value-added resellers (VARs), and other customers
with self-maintenance contracts.
What This Book Contains
This book contains four chapters, four appendices and a glossary:
•System Overview—Chapter 1
This chapter presents a high-level description of the SPARCstation 2 system,
followed by brief descriptions of each subsystem. Read this chapter to gain
a general familiarity with the hardware.
•Diagnostics Overview—Chapter 2
This chapter describes the different types of diagnostics and how they are
related. This chapter also briefly discusses the Forth Toolkit. Read this
chapter to gain general knowledge about the diagnostic and Forth Toolkit
tools available to you.

xiv SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
•Preparing to Work on the System—Chapter 3
This chapter explains how to halt the system, tools you will need, how to
disconnect the Desktop Storage Pack and the External Storage Module from
the system unit, how to remove the system unit’s top cover, and how to
attach a wrist strap to your wrist and to the system chassis. Read this
chapter before replacing any hardware.
•FRU Replacement—Chapter 4
This chapter explains how to locate, remove, and replace defective field-
replaceable units (FRUs) or install new ones. Drawings and callouts are
provided to illustrate the process. Read this chapter before attempting to
replace any hardware.
•System Specifications—Appendix A
This appendix contains system specifications, including dimensions,
electrical and power requirements, environmental constraints, and
compliance with various electrical and safety regulations.
•Illustrated Parts Breakdown—Appendix B
This appendix contains illustrations of global views of the system.
•FRU list—Appendix C
This appendix contains the FRU list for SPARCstation 2.
•OpenBoot PROM—Appendix D
This appendix contains the Alias and Boot Paths table and the Non-Volatile
Random Access Memory (NVRAM) parameters used during reset. These
parameters control the system configuration.
•Glossary
The glossary contains definitions of technical terms, abbreviations, and
acronyms.
Before Reading This Book
Before reading this book, you should have performed hardware installation. If
you are connecting to a network, you should also be proficient with system
administration and networking procedures. If you are not proficient in these
areas, please read the following books before attempting to repair your system:
•SPARCstation 2 Installation Guide
•Sun System & Network Manager’s Guide

Preface xv
Typographic Conventions
This book uses a number of typographic conventions:
•This font is used for emphasis and for the title of a book. For example:
The heart of the SPARCstation 2 is contained in a main chassis, or system
unit.
SPARCstation 2 Installation Guide
•This font indicates text the system displays on the screen. This font
also indicates characters and words you enter (as shown within text).
Examples follow:
Syncing file systems... done
Enter passwd.
•This font indicates what you type as illustrated in screen examples. For
example:
•This font also indicates a key that you press. For example:
Press the Delete key.
When you see two key names, press and hold the first key, then type the
second character. For example:
When you see L1-A, press and hold L1, while typing A.
•The term “enter” means to type the command indicated and press the
Return key. For example, “enter sync” means to type the command
indicated and press the Return key.
Related Books
The following books provide additional information that you may need, and
are occasionally referenced in this manual:
•Open Boot PROM 2.0 Toolkit User’s Guide provides a summary of the Forth
Toolkit commands.
%sync

xvi SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
•Sundiag User’s Guide covers information about Sundiag, a system exerciser
that runs under the SunOSOperating System. Sundiag displays real-time
use of system resources and peripherals.
•SPARCstation 2 Installation Guide provides step-by-step instructions on how
to install the system’s hardware and software.
•Installing SPARCstation 2 SIMMs provides step-by-step information on how
to install SIMMs in the SPARCstation 2.
•Installing SPARCstation 2 Internal Drives provides information on how to
install internal drives in the SPARCstation 2.
•Sun System & Network Manager’s Guide describes system and network
management tasks for maintaining a single Sun workstation or a small
network of Sun workstations.
•Desktop Storage Pack Installation Guide explains how to install and daisy-
chain external storage modules.
•External Storage Module Installation Guide provides step-by-step information
on how to install disk and tape drives that can be connected to a
SPARCstation 2.
•Sun System User’s Guide covers the basics of using the SPARCstation 2 so
that you can get to work quickly. It will introduce you to the mouse and
keyboard, to SunViewwindows, and to the SunOS operating system.
•SunDiagnostic Executive User’s Guide for SPARCstations explains how to run
extensive, configurable tests independent of SunOS. The Sun Diagnostic
Executive is the tool of choice when you need thorough diagnostics. With
the Sun Diagnostic Executive you can determine which field replaceable
unit needs to be replaced.

1
This chapter presents an overview of the SPARCstation 2 system’s hardware.
This overview is helpful in servicing and maintaining hardware equipment.
The heart of the SPARCstation 2 is contained in a main chassis or system unit.
The system unit houses the main logic board. A power supply, two optional 3
1/2-inch hard disk drives, one optional 3 1/2-inch diskette drive, and the
speaker are also contained in the system unit. A frame buffer board or
graphics accelerator board must reside in one of the system’s three SBus
expansion slots when a video monitor is connected to the system. See “SBus
Boards” later in this Chapter for more information.
You can add expansion modules to increase the system’s mass storage capacity.
See “Mass Storage Devices” later in this chapter for more information on the
expansion modules.
The figures and tables covered in this chapter include the following:
•Figure 1-1 illustrates the system’s configuration with an external storage
device.
•Figure 1-2 presents the top view of the system with the cover removed.
•Figure 1-3 presents the main logic board’s layout.
•Table 1-1 gives the legends to be used with Figure 1-3.
•Table 1-2 lists the acronyms used for certain parts, and their full expressions.
•Figure 1-4 presents the block-level diagram of the main logic board. The
balance of the chapter describes the system’s components.
SystemOverview 1

2SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
1
Figure 1-1 is a block diagram of one of the workstation’s configurations.
Figure 1-1 SPARCstation 2 Block Diagram
Mouse Keyboard
Monitor
Power
supply Main logic board Tape
Hard disk
External storage
device
Internal
diskette
drive
Internal
hard drive
System unit

System Overview 3
1
Figure 1-2 shows the top view of the system with the cover removed.
Figure 1-2 Top View of the System With the Cover Removed
Back panel
Front panel
SPARC integer
unit (IU)
SBus slots
Diskette
drive
Hard
drive
2
Hard
drive
1
Power
supply
SIMM
slots
SIMM
slots
Boot
PROM Lithium battery Serial port jumpers
System
speaker
Fan
assembly
Cache
controller
SPARC floating
point unit (FPU)

4SPARCstation 2 Field Service Manual—February 1991
1
Figure 1-3 illustrates the main logic board’s layout. All the chips discussed in
“Main Logic Board,” which follows, are illustrated in this figure.
Figure 1-3 The Workstation’s Main Logic Board
SPARC
FPU
1
SPARC
IU
2
4
5
J0503 TTY B J0502 TTY A J0404 J0403 SCSI
OSC
MMU+ MMU+
MMU+
MMU+
MMU+
MMU+
MMU+
6
KBD
J0504
J0601
SBus Slot 3 SBus Slot 2 SBus Slot 1
S4
RAM
7E-NET
E-NET SCSI
Ctlr
SIMM
Slots SIMM Slots
DMA
Ctlr
CACHE
Ctlr
3
J0703 J0402 HD1 SCSI J0702 J0401 HD2 SCSI J0602 J0501
J0704
J0701
J0705
Back Panel
8
Front Panel