Tannoy VQ 100 User manual

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
The VQ 100 is a full range, three-way loudspeaker system designed for applications which
require high output capability with class leading pattern control. The VQ 100 features a wide
and exceptionally well defined dispersion characteristic.
For a variety of uses, a single VQ 100 can produce more power and clarity over its
100 degree beamwidth area than many arrayed solutions using multiple cabinets, a great
advantage when considering your building aesthetics.
With low frequency extension to 90Hz, the VQ 100 can be combined with various
subwoofers for extended bandwidth.
The VQ 100 can be configured for use in Bi-Amp or Tri-Amp mode, in conjunction with a
suitable digital signal processor (DSP).
Horn design involves balancing compromise…..until now.
Key performance parameters that can be controlled by the designer include:
frequency response (both on and off-axis), horizontal and vertical beamwidth, directivity
index, electrical impedance, harmonic distortion, and low frequency cut-off. Our unique
approach in keeping what is effectively a Dual Concentric™ behind a single horn gives us
many performance advantages. Performance of the VQ 100 in terms of accuracy & sound
quality is second to none.
The VQ 100 incorporates a unique driver technology to radiate a coherent single point
source for superior dispersion control when coupled to a PSW™ (Point Source Waveguide).
This advanced design aligns the acoustical centres of the transducers providing a single
coherent wavefront emanating from the throat. The PSW™ waveguide achieves an optimum
balance of extremely well controlled coverage, smooth frequency response, and natural
sound character.
The low frequency section, two (12”) low frequency transducers, offers high power
handling and low power compression for high continuous SPL capability. A newly designed
LF loading design provides the highest possible sensitivity for low/mid frequency output.
The VQ 100 is part of an expanding line up of VQ products, addressing the requirement for
compact dimensions without compromising performance in any way.
Product Description
• “PSW™ Waveguide” - Point source design
(Patent applied for).
• Excellent Phase Coherence
• Perfect time alignment without the associated problems
of multi source interference
• Compact Dimensions
• Class leading directivity characteristics
• Extremely high sensitivity, therefore high SPL’s can be
achieved with a very modest amount of amplifier power
• Exceptional transient response
• Large Houses of Worship
• Large Corporate AV applications
• Stadiums & other Sports facilities
• Dance Clubs
• Live sound – concert halls, theatres, open-air venues
Features
Applications

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
System Type 3-Way Full Range - Point Source
Frequency Response (-3dB) (1) 115Hz - 23kHz
Frequency Range (-10dB) (1) 90Hz - 27kHz
Operating Modes Bi-Amp (LF,MF/HF)
User Configurable
Tri-Amp (LF, MF,HF)
User Configurable
System Sensitivity (1W @1m) (2)
Bi-Amp
LF (80Hz - 450Hz) 105dB (2.0V @ 4 Ohms)
Passive MF/HF (450Hz - 23kHz) 110dB (2.83V @ 8ohms)
Tri-Amp
LF (80Hz - 450Hz) 105dB (2.0V @ 4 Ohms)
MF (450Hz - 7kHz) 111dB (2.83V @ 8 Ohms)
HF (7kHz - 23kHz) 110dB (2.83V @ 8 Ohms)
Dispersion (-6dB) 100 degrees conical
Driver Complement
LF 2 x 300mm (12.00”) Low
Frequency Transducers, Semi
Horn Loaded
MF/HF Dual Concentric™ Compression
driver loaded into a single
PSW™ Waveguide
Crossover Bi-amp 450Hz (active)
7kHz (passive)
Tri-amp 450Hz, 7kHz (active)
Directivity Factor (Q) 8.5 averaged 1kHz to 10kHz
Directivity Index (DI) 9.3 averaged 1kHz to 10kHz
Rated Maximum SPL (2)
Average Peak
Low Frequency 135dB 141dB
Mid Frequency 134dB 140dB
High Frequency 133dB 139dB
Passive MF/HF 134dB 140dB
Power Handling (3)
Average Peak
LF @ 4 Ohms 1000W (63.3V) 2000W
MF @ 8 Ohms 200W (40V) 400W
HF @ 8 Ohms 90W (27V) 180W
Passive MF/HF @ 8 Ohms 200W (40V) 400W
Recommended Amplifier Power
Low Frequency 2000W into 4 Ohms
Mid Frequency 400W into 8 Ohms
High Frequency 200W into 8 Ohms
Passive MF/HF 400W into 8 Ohms
Nominal Impedance
Low Frequency 4ohms (4.1 Ohms Minimum)
Mid Frequency 8ohms (6.0 Ohms Minimum)
High Frequency 8ohms (8.6 Ohms Minimum)
System
PART NUMBER MODEL NAME COLOUR PACKED QUANTITY
8001 4820 VQ 100 BLACK 1
Ordering Information
Enclosure 18mm (0.71") birch plywood.
Vented and internally braced.
Grille Powder coated perforated steel grille
Finish Black or white textured paint
(custom colours on request)
Connectors Barrier Strip
Fittings 8 x Recessed carrying handles
12 x M10 flying inserts
Dimensions 925mm x 694mm x 515mm
(36.42" x 27.32" x 20.28")
NET Weight 65kg (143.3 lbs)
Notes:
(1) Average over stated bandwidth. Measured at 3 metres on axis, then referred to 1 metre
(2) Unweighted pink noise input, measured at 3 metres in an anechoic chamber,
then referred to 1 metre
(3) Accelerated Life Test (EIA RS426-B)
A full range of measurements, performance data, CLF and Ease™ Data can be
downloaded from www.tannoy.com
Full independent verification of published specifications carried out by NWAA Labs,
California can also be obtained from the downloads section of www.tannoy.com
Tannoy operates a policy of continuous research and development. The introduction
of new materials or manufacturing methods will always equal or exceed the
published specifications, which Tannoy reserves the right to alter without prior
notice. Please verify the latest specifications when dealing with critical applications.
Construction

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS
LF
MF
HF
Complete
ELECTRICAL
TRANSFER
FUNCTION
FOR OPTIMAL
OPERATION
(BI-AMP MODE)
ANECHOIC
FREQUENCY
RESPONSE
(TRI-AMP MODE)
Frequency Response : Processed Bi-amplified
Frequency Response : Digital Signal Processor
frequency (Hz)
Level, (dB)Level (dB)
Frequency Response: Processed Tri-amplified
frequency (Hz)
10 100 1000 10000 100000
10 100 1000 10000 100000
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
Level, (dB)
ANECHOIC
FREQUENCY
RESPONSE
(BI-AMP MODE)
10 100 1000 10000 100000
10 100 1000 10000 100000
frequency (Hz)
LF
MF/HF
Complete
LF
MF/HF
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS
ELECTRICAL
TRANSFER
FUNCTION
FOR OPTIMAL
OPERATION
(TRI-AMP MODE)
SENSITIVITY
(LF RAISED +5DB)
Frequency Response: Digital Signal Processor
frequency (Hz)
frequency (Hz)
VQ 100 Active 2 way_3.6v, 4.01m. 1kHz, 8 Ohms_Setup w
processing 9 (1/19) Smoothed 1/3 (Full IR)
IMPEDANCE
(BI-AMP MODE)
Impedance vs frequency
Level, (dB)
Impedance (Ohms)
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Level, (dB)
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000
130
125
120
115
110
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
50 60 80 100 200 300 400 500 700 1k 2k 3k 4k 5k 6k 8k 10k Hz
10 100 1000 10000 100000
Smoothed 1/3
frequency (Hz)
LF
MF
HF
LF
MF/HF
dBSPL
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
IMPEDANCE
(TRI-AMP MODE)
HORIZONTAL
OFF AXIS
RESPONSE
(BI-AMP MODE)
Impedance vs frequency
frequency (Hz)
frequency (Hz)
Frequency Response: Processed Bi-amplified
Horizontal Off-axis
Impedance (Ohms)Level, (dB)Level, (dB)
VERTICAL
UPPER
OFF AXIS
RESPONSE
(BI-AMP MODE)
frequency (Hz)
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
10 100 1000 10000 100000
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Frequency Response: Processed Bi-amplified
Upper Vertical Off-axis
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000
10 100 1000 10000 100000
LF
MF
HF
0 deg
10 deg
20 deg
30 deg
40 deg
0 deg
10 deg
20 deg
30 deg
40 deg

VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS
VERTICAL
LOWER
OFF AXIS
RESPONSE
(BI-AMP MODE)
HORIZONTAL
OFF AXIS
RESPONSE
(TRI-AMP MODE)
Frequency Response: Processed Bi-amplified
Lower Vertical Off-axis
Frequency Response: Processed Tri-amplified
Horizontal Off-axis
0
0
0
0
0
0
VERTICAL
UPPER
OFF AXIS
RESPONSE
(TRI-AMP MODE)
frequency (Hz)
Frequency Response: Processed Tri-amplified
Upper Vertical Off-axis
Level, (dB)Level, (dB)
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
10 100 1000 10000 100000
frequency (Hz)
10 100 1000 10000 100000
frequency (Hz)
Level, (dB)
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
10 100 1000 10000 100000
0 deg
10 deg
20 deg
30 deg
40 deg
0 deg
10 deg
20 deg
30 deg
40 deg
0 deg
10 deg
20 deg
30 deg
40 deg

VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS
Horizontal Beamwidth (1/3 Octave)
Vertical Beamwidth (1/3 Octave)
VERTICAL
LOWER
OFF AXIS
RESPONSE
(TRI-AMP MODE)
BEAMWIDTH
(BI-AMP MODE)
Frequency Response: Processed Tri-amplified
Lower Vertical Off-axis
frequency (Hz)
frequency (Hz)
Beamwidth vs Frequency
Horizontal Beamwidth (1/3 Octave)
Vertical Beamwidth (1/3 Octave)
BEAMWIDTH
(TRI-AMP MODE)
frequency (Hz)
Beamwidth vs Frequency
Degrees
100 1000 10000
360
330
300
270
240
210
180
150
120
90
60
30
0
Level, (dB)
10 100 1000 10000 100000
Degrees
0 deg
10 deg
20 deg
30 deg
40 deg
100 1000 10000
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
360
330
300
270
240
210
180
150
120
90
60
30
0

VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS
1
0
0
Q VS FREQUENCY
(BI-AMP MODE)
Q vs Frequency
DI vs Frequency
Q VS FREQUENCY
(TRI-AMP MODE)
DI
Q
Q
frequency (Hz)
frequency (Hz)
frequency (Hz)
Q vs Frequency
100
10
1
20
15
10
5
0
100 1000 10000
100 1000 10000
100 1000 10000
100
10
1
DIRECTIVITY INDEX
(BI-AMP MODE)

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS
DI vs Frequency
frequency (Hz)
DI
20
15
10
5
0
100 1000 10000
dB
DIRECTIVITY INDEX
(TRI-AMP MODE)

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
100 Hz
125 Hz
160 Hz
200 Hz
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
250 Hz
315 Hz
400 Hz
500 Hz
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
0
30
60
9070
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
630 Hz
800 Hz
1 kHz
1.25 kHz
1.6 kHz
2 kHz
2.5 kHz
3.15 kHz
4 kHz
5 kHz
6.3 kHz
8 kHz
10 kHz
12.5 kHz
16 kHz
20 kHz
1.6 kHz
2 kHz
2.5 kHz
3.15 kHz
630 Hz
800 Hz
1 kHz
1.25 kHz
0
330
300
30
60
270 90
0
330
300
270
30
60
90
0
330
300
270
30
60
90
0
330
300
270
30
60
90
0
330
300
270
30
60
90
0
330
300
270
30
60
90
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS POLAR PLOTS (1/3 OCTAVE) Bi-Amp Mode

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
0
30
60
90270
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
0
30
60
90
300
330
-48
-36
-24
-12
0
4 kHz
5 kHz
6.3 kHz
8 kHz
10 kHz
12.5 kHz
16 kHz
20 kHz
1.6 kHz
2 kHz
2.5 kHz
3.15 kHz
630 Hz
800 Hz
1 kHz
1.25 kHz
100 Hz
125 Hz
160 Hz
200 Hz
250 Hz
315 Hz
400 Hz
500 Hz
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTS POLAR PLOTS (1/3 OCTAVE) Bi-Amp Mode
1.6 kHz
2 kHz
2.5 kHz
3.15 kHz
630 Hz
800 Hz
1 kHz
1.25 kHz
0
330
300
270
30
60
90
0
330
300
270
30
60
90
0
330
300
270
60
90
0
330
300
270
30
60
90
0
270
60
90
300
330
300
30
60
90270
0
330
30
30

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
DIMENSIONAL SKETCHES
694.0
[27.32"]
528.5
[20.81"]
90.0
[3.54"]
43.0
[1.69"]
882.0
[34.72"]
925.0
[36.42"]
515.0
[20.28"]
472.0
[18.58"]
694.0mm
(27.32")
925.0mm
(36.42”)
INPUT PANEL
515.0mm
(20.28”)
882.0mm
(34.72”)
43.0mm
(1.69”)
528.5mm
(20.81”)
90.0mm
(3.54”)
472.0mm
(18.58”)

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Ordering Information
5470 0220 VQ Flying Bracket (Single Point Hanging Bracket) BLACK 1
5470 0221 VQ Link (Link Plate) BLACK 1
5470 0223 VQ Rod End BLACK 1
8001 2820 VEB Forged Eyebolt - 1
PACKED QUANTITYCOLOUR
MODEL NAME
PART NUMBER
VQ FLYING BRACKET
(SINGLE POINT HANGING BRACKET)
VQ LINK (LINK PLATE)
VQ ROD END VEB FORGED EYEBOLT

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
The loudspeaker shall consist of a Dual Concentric™ Compression driver with a 3.5” Midrange voice coil and a 2” High Frequency voice coil, both mounted
in a common subsystem with a common 2" exit. This Dual Concentric™ compression driver shall be coupled to a PSW™ (Point Source Waveguide) constant
directivity horn operating over the frequency range of 450Hz to 23kHz. The low frequency section consists of two 300mm (12”) woofers, and shall be
mounted in a semi-horn loaded enclosure to provide significant off axis attenuation below 450Hz. The loudspeaker shall be user configurable for either
Bi-Amp of Tri-Amp operation via the rear input panel. The loudspeaker shall be trapezoidal in shape.
Performance of the loudspeaker, using the recommended electronic control shall meet or exceed the following criteria:
The Low Frequency section shall produce a sound pressure level of 105dB SPL on axis at 1 meter with a power input of 1 Watt, and shall be capable of
producing a peak output of 141dB SPL on axis at 1 meter. In Bi-amp mode the Mid/High section shall produce a sound pressure level of 110dB SPL on axis
at 1 meter with a power input of 1 Watt, and shall be capable of producing a peak output of 140dB SPL on axis at 1 meter. In Tri-amp mode the Mid
frequency section shall produce a sound pressure level of 111dB SPL on axis at 1 meter with a power input of 1 Watt, and shall be capable of producing a
peak output of 140dB SPL on axis at 1 meter. The High Frequency section shall produce a sound pressure level of 110dB SPL on axis at 1 meter with a
power input of 1 Watt, and shall be capable of producing a peak output of 139dB SPL on axis at 1 meter. The Low Frequency section shall handle 1000
Watts of amplifier power and shall have a nominal impedance of 4 Ohms. In Bi-amp mode the Mid/High section shall handle 400 Watts of amplifier power
and shall have a nominal impedance of 8 Ohms. In Tri-amp mode the Mid frequency section shall handle 400 Watts of amplifier power and shall have a
nominal impedance of 8 Ohms. The High Frequency section shall handle 180 Watts of amplifier power and shall have a nominal impedance of 8 Ohms. The
dispersion of the loudspeaker shall be 100 degrees conical (-6dB). The enclosure shall be of birch plywood construction and internally braced. The enclosure
shall be fitted with eight integral carrying handles, and twelve M10 inserts for flying hardware. The enclosure shall not exceed the following dimensions
(H x W x D): 925mm x 694mm x 515mm (36.42" x 27.32" x 20.28").
The loudspeaker shall be the Tannoy...VQ 100.
Architectural specifications

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
NOTES

VQ 100
Tannoy adopts a policy of continuous improvement and product specification is subject to change VQ 100 data file // issue 1.05 // 16.04.09
Tannoy United Kingdom T: 00 44 (0) 1236 420199 E: [email protected]
Tannoy Deutschland T: 00 49 (180) 1111 881 E: [email protected]
Tannoy France T: 00 33 (0)1 7036 7473 E: [email protected]
TC|Group Americas T: 00 1 [phone] E: [e-mail]
NOTES