Texas Instruments TI36X - Solar Scientific Calculator User manual

Ti36eng1.doc TI-36X II Manual Linda Bower Revised:
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48
TI-36X
ý
Scientific Calculator
USER’S GUIDE

2000, 2003 Texas Instruments Incorporated
education.ti.com
[email protected]

Ti36eng1.doc TI-36X II Manual Linda Bower Revised:
01/10/03 10:47 AM Printed: 01/10/03 10:47 AM Page 0 of
48
Table of Contents
Turning the Calculator On and Off............................1
Alternate Functions...................................................1
Display......................................................................2
Scrolling....................................................................2
Menus.......................................................................3
Fix.............................................................................3
Clearing, Correcting, and Resetting .........................4
Display Indicators .....................................................5
Order of Operations..................................................6
Basic Operations ......................................................7
Last Answer..............................................................7
Percent .....................................................................9
Fractions.................................................................10
Exponents, Roots, and Reciprocals .......................11
Notation ..................................................................12
Pi ............................................................................13
Memory...................................................................14
Stored Operations ..................................................16
Logarithms..............................................................18
Trigonometric Functions .........................................20
Angle Modes...........................................................22
Rectangular
/
Polar ................................................24
Hyperbolic Functions ..............................................25
Metric Conversions.................................................26
Physical Constants .................................................28
Integrals..................................................................30
Probability...............................................................32
Statistics .................................................................34
Boolean Logic Operations ......................................39
Number-System Modes..........................................40
Complex Numbers..................................................41
Error Conditions......................................................43
In Case of Difficulty.................................................45
Battery Replacement ..............................................45
Service Information.................................................46

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Turning the Calculator On and Off
The TI-36X
ü
is battery powered.
•
To turn on the TI
-
36X
ü
, press
T
.
•
To turn off the TI
-
36X
ü
, press
%r
. All data in
memory is retained.
APD
é
(Automatic Power Down
é
) turns off the
TI-36X
ü
automatically if no key is pressed for about
five minutes. Press
T
after APD to power up again;
the display, pending operations, settings, and memory
are retained.
Alternate Functions
Most keys can perform two functions. The first function
is marked on the key, and the second function is
marked above the key, as illustrated below.
2nd function
Primary function
ì
P
Press
%
to activate the second function of a key. To
cancel the second function before making an entry,
press
%
again. In this manual, second functions are
shown in brackets ([ ]). For example, press
P
to find
the square of a number. Press
%n
to find the
square root of a number.

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Display
The TI-36X
ü
has a two-line display. The first line
(Entry Line) displays an entry of up to 88 digits or
items (47 for Stat or Stored Operations). Entries begin
on the left; those with more than 11 digits scroll to the
left. You can have as many as 23 levels of parentheses
and up to 8 mathematical operations pending.
The second line (Result Line) displays a result of up to
10 digits, plus a decimal point, a negative sign, a x10
indicator, and a 2-digit positive or negative exponent.
Results that exceed the digit limit are displayed in
scientific notation.
Note: In the text, numbers containing decimal fractions
are shown in decimal format consistent with the
calculator display.
Scrolling
Scroll with
"
,
!
,
#
, and
$
.
•
Press
"
and
!
to scroll horizontally through the
current or previous entries, or to move the
underscore within a menu list. Press
%"
or
%!
to move the cursor to the beginning or end
of the entry.
•
After an expression is evaluated, press
#
and
$
to scroll through previous entries, which are stored
in the TI-36X
ü
history. If you edit a previous entry
and press
V
, the calculator will evaluate the
new expression and return the new result.

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Menus
Some key presses access menus:
S
,
R
,
e
,
-
,
8
,
&
,
/
,
.
,
%q
,
%p
,
%d
,
%^
,
%m
,
%]
,
%6
,
%f
,
%h
,
%Z
,
%t
,
%
, and
%s
.
The menu choices are displayed on the screen. Press
"
or
!
to scroll through the menu and underline an
item. To select an underlined item:
•
Press
V
while the item is underlined. Or,
•
For menu items followed by an argument value,
enter the argument value while the item is
underlined. The item and the argument value are
transferred to the current entry. However, if the
argument is another function, you need to press
V
to select the first function before proceeding
to the next.
To return to the previous screen without selecting the
menu item, press
4
.
Fix
%t
displays a menu: F0123456789. To round
displayed results, scroll with
"
or
!
to select the
desired number of decimal places, or enter the numeral
corresponding to the desired number of decimal places.
The displayed value is padded with zeroes if needed.
To restore standard notation (floating decimal), select F
(default) in the menu, or press
%tI
.
You can specify rounding places before you begin your
calculations, before you complete an operation with
V
, or after the results are displayed.

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Clearing, Correcting, and Resetting
Key Action
4
Action depends on position of the cursor.
•
If cursor is in the middle of an entry,
clears character under the cursor and
all characters to the right of the
cursor.
•
If cursor is at the end of an entry,
clears the entire entry.
•
If an Error message is displayed,
clears the error message and moves
the cursor to last entry in history.
•
If a menu is displayed, exits menu.
'•
If the cursor is on a character, deletes
the character under the cursor.
•
If the cursor is at the end of an entry,
deletes the character to the left of the
cursor.
%[
Lets you insert one or more characters at
the cursor.
%s
"V
or
T
&
4
(simul-
taneously)
Resets the TI-36X
ü
. Returns unit to
default settings; clears memory variables,
pending operations, all entries in history,
statistical data, Ans, and stored
operations. MEM CLEARED is displayed.
You can overwrite entries. Move the cursor to the
desired location and begin pressing keys. The new
keypresses will overwrite the existing entry, character
by character.
Before beginning a new set of examples or problems in
this manual, reset the calculator to ensure that your
displays will be the same as those shown.

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Display Indicators
Special indicators may appear in the display to provide
additional information about functions or results.
Indicator Meaning
2nd 2nd function is active.
FIX Calculator is rounding results to
specified number of places.
SCI
or
ENG Scientific or engineering notation is
active.
STAT Calculator is in Statistics mode.
DEG, RAD,
or GRAD
Specifies angle-unit setting (degrees,
radians, or grads). The default is the
degree setting.
HEX
or
OCT Calculator is in hexadecimal or octal
mode.
x10 Precedes the exponent in scientific or
engineering notation.
# $
An entry is stored in memory before
and/or after the active screen. Press
#
and
$
to scroll.
" !
An entry or menu list extends beyond
the capacity of the screen. Press
"
and
!
to scroll.
r
or
i Complex number, real part, or
complex number, imaginary part.
µ
Calculator is busy.

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Order of Operations
The TI-36X
ü
uses EOS
è
(Equation Operating
System) to evaluate expressions.
Order Evaluation
1st Expressions inside parentheses.
2nd Functions which need a ) and precede the
argument, such as sin, log, and all R
/
P
menu items; Boolean Logic NOT and 2’s
complement.
3rd Fractions.
4th Functions that are entered after the argument,
such as x
2
and angle unit modifiers (
é ê ë
r g
);
metric conversions.
5th Exponentiation (^) and roots (
x
‡
).
6th Negation (
L
).
7th Permutations (nPr) and combinations (nCr).
8th Multiplication, implied multiplication, division.
9th Addition and subtraction.
10th Boolean logic AND.
11th
Boolean logic XOR and OR.
12th Conversions (
4
A
b
/c
/
d
/e,
4
F
/
D,
4
DMS).
13th
V
completes all operations and closes all
open parentheses.
You can change the order of operations by enclosing
expressions in parentheses.

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Basic Operations
As you press keys, numerals, operators, and results
appear on the display.
H
,
?
,
@
,
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
,
E
,
F
,
G
Enters numerals 0 through 9.
:
,
;
,
<
,
=
Adds, subtracts, multiplies,
divides.
N
,
O
Opens, closes a parenthetical
expression.
I
Inserts the decimal point.
J
Enters a negative sign.
V
Completes all operations.
Last Answer
%u
recalls the value of the most recently
calculated result and enters it into the current entry as
Ans.
If you press an operator key immediately after
completing an operation with
V
, the most recently
calculated result is recalled and entered as Ans.

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³
Examples
5<9:6;2V
5
è
9+6-2
ß
49.
DEG
5<N9:6O;2V
5
è
(9+6)-2
ß
73.
DEG
W887<
Ans
ñ
8.7
ß
8.390804598
DEG
%t""""
F0123456789
DEG
V
Ans
ñ
8.7
ß
8.391
FIX DEG
5<2:%u%t6
V
5
è
2+Ans
ß
18.390805
FIX DEG
%tI
5
è
29
2+Ans
ß
18.3908046
DEG
###
5
è
(9+6)-2
ø
DEG
"""'%[8V
5
è
(8+6)-2
ß
68.
DEG
%s"V
MEM CLEARED
DEG

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Percent
To calculate a percent, press
%l
after entering a
value.
³
Problem
A mining company mines 5000 tons of ore having a
3-percent concentration of metal, 7300 tons having a
2.3-percent concentration, and 8400 tons having a
3.1-percent concentration. How much metal does the
company get in total from the three quantities of ore?
If the metal is worth $280 per ton, what is the value of
the total amount of metal present in the three quantities
of ore?
5000<3%lV
5000
è
3%
ß
150.
DEG
:7300<2I3%l
V
Ans+7300
è
2.
Þß
317.9
DEG
:8400<3I1%l
V
Ans+8400
è
3.
Þß
578.3
DEG
<280V
Ans
è
280
ß
161924.
DEG
The three quantities of ore together contain 578.3 tons
of metal. The value of the metal is $161924.

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Fractions
Fractional calculations can display fractional or decimal
results. Results are automatically simplified.
1
Enters a fraction. Press
1
after
entering whole number, and between
numerator and denominator, both of
which must be positive integers. To
negate a fraction or a mixed number,
press
J
before entering the first
argument.
%`
Converts from mixed number to simple
fraction, and vice versa.
%_
Converts from fraction to decimal format
and vice versa. Note: Due to display
size, not all decimal numbers can be
converted to fractions.
If a problem contains both fractions and decimals, the
results will be displayed in decimal format.
³
Examples
41315:2111
5V
4
ç
3
ç
5+2
ç
1
ç
5
ß
6
ð
4
ñ
5
DEG
%`V
Ans
4
A
b
/c
34
d
/c
ß
34
ñ
5
DEG
%_V
Ans
4
F
34
D
ß
6.8
DEG
<J3110V
Ans
èM
3
ç
10
ß
M
2.04
DEG

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Exponents, Roots, and Reciprocals
P
Calculates the square of a value.
K
Raises a value to any power within the range
of the calculator. If the number is negative,
the power must be an integer. If you include
an operation in the exponent, you must use
parentheses.
%n
Calculates the square root of a positive
value.
%j
Calculates any root of any positive value
(within the range of the calculator) and any
odd-numbered integer root of a negative
value.
%k
Yields the reciprocal of a value.
³
Examples
5P:4KN2:1OV
5
2
+4^(2+1)
ß
89.
DEG
%n49OV ì
(49)
ß
7.
DEG
6%j64V
6
x
ì
64
ß
2.
DEG
25%kV
25
-1
ß
0.04
DEG

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Notation
%Z
displays the Numeric Notation mode
menu.
•
FLO (default): Displays results in floating notation,
with digits to the left and right of the decimal point.
•
SCI: Displays results in scientific notation. The
format of scientific notation is n x 10^p, where
1
{
n<10 and p is an integer.
•
ENG: Engineering notation (exponent is a multiple
of 3).
These modes affect
only the display of results, and not
the internally stored results.
M
lets you enter a value in scientific notation,
regardless of the numeric notation mode. Press
J
before entering a negative exponent.
³
Examples
1I2M5+4I6M7V
1.2E5+4.6E7
ß
46120000.
DEG
%Z"V
1.2E5+4.6E7
ß
4.612
X1007
SCI DEG
%Z"V
1.2E5+4.6E7
ß
46.12
X1006
ENG DEG

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Pi
5
enters the value of
p
. It is stored internally to 13
digits (
3.141592653590 ) and displayed to 10 digits
(
3.141592654 ).
When multiplying
p
by a number, you do not need to
press
<
; multiplication is implicit.
³
Examples
Find the circumference and the area of a circle having a
radius of 5 centimeters. Find the surface area of a
sphere having a radius of 5 centimeters. (Remember:
circumference=2
p
r; area =
p
r
2
; surface area=(4
p
)r
2
.)
Use the Fix function to display results rounded to the
nearest whole number.
%t"V25<5
V
2
pè
5
ß
31.
FIX DEG
#'"""PV pè
5
2
ß
79.
FIX DEG
#%[4V
4
pè
5
2
ß
314.
FIX DEG
The circumference of the circle is 31 centimeters, and
the area is 79 square centimeters. The surface area of
the sphere is 314 square centimeters.

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Memory
The TI
-
36X
ü
has five memory variables. You can
store a real number or an expression that results in a
real number to a memory variable. For storing complex
numbers to memory, see page 31.
S
Lets you store values to variables.
%q
Recalls the values of variables.
R
Recalls variables by letter designation.
%p
Displays menu: CLR VAR: Y N.
Select Y(yes) and press
V
to clear
all memory variables and re-initialize
seed in E.
When you press
S
, a menu of variables displays:
A, B, C, D, and E. Press
"
or
!
to select a variable.
Press
V
, and the value of your last answer is
stored into the variable you have selected. If that
variable already contains a value, the new one will
replace it.
If you enter an expression and press
S
and then
V
, the TI-36X
ü
will simultaneously evaluate the
expression and store the resulting value to the memory
variable you select.
Press
%q
to display the menu of memory
variables. Press
"
or
!
to select the variable you wish
to recall and press
V
. The value in this variable is
inserted into your current entry at the cursor.
Pressing
R
also displays the menu of memory
variables, and you select the one you wish to recall.
However, the variable name rather than the value itself
is inserted into your current entry. Since the variable
name contains the value, evaluation of the expression
yields the same results.

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In addition to serving as a memory variable, Estores a
seed value to generate a random number when you are
using the Probability function (see page 32).
³
Problem
A gravel quarry is opening two new pits: one is 350
meters by 560 meters, and the other is 340 meters by
610 meters. What volume of gravel would the company
remove from each if they excavated to a depth of 150
meters? To a depth of 210 meters? Display results in
engineering notation.
%Z""V350<
560SV
350
è
560
"
A
ß
196.
x1003
ENG DEG
340<610S"V
340
è
610
"
B
ß
207.4
x1003
ENG DEG
150<%qVV
150
è
196000
ß
29.4
x1006
ENG DEG
210<%qVV
210
è
196000
ß
41.16
x1006
ENG DEG
150<R"VV
150
è
B
ß
31.11
x1006
ENG DEG
210<R"VV
210
è
B
ß
43.554
x1006
ENG DEG
From the first pit: 29.4 million cu.m. and 41.16 million
cu.m., respectively. From the second pit: 31.11 million
cu.m. and 43.554 million cu.m., respectively.

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Stored Operations
The TI-36X
ü
stores two operations, Op1 and Op2. To
store an operation to Op1 or Op2 and recall it:
1. Press
%b
or
%c
.
2. Enter the operation, beginning with an operator
(such as +,
M
,
Q
,
P
, or ^). You can store any
combination of numbers, operators, and menu items
and their arguments, to a limit of 47 characters or
items.
3. Press
V
to save the operation to memory.
4. Each subsequent time you press
2
or
3
, the
TI-36X
ü
recalls the stored operation and applies it
to the last answer. The expression with the stored
operation appears on the first line of the display,
and the result appears on the second line. A
counter on the left side of the result line displays the
number of consecutive times you have pressed Op1
or Op2.
You can set the TI-36X
ü
to display only the counter
and the result, and not the expression on the entry line.
Press
%b
or
%c
, press
!
until the = is
highlighted (
û
) and press
V
. Repeat to toggle this
setting off.

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³
Examples
%b<2V
OP1=
è
2
DEG
32
3
è
2
ß
16.
DEG
2
6
è
2
ß
2 12.
DEG
2
12
è
2
ß
3 24.
DEG
%c:5V
OP2=+5
DEG
103
10+5
ß
1 15.
DEG
3
15+5
ß
2 20.
DEG
3
20+5
ß
3 25.
DEG
2
25
è
2
ß
1 50.
DEG
3
50+5
ß
1 55.
DEG

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Logarithms
%d
displays a menu of log functions.
log Yields the common logarithm of a number.
10
^
Raises 10 to the power you specify.
ln Yields the logarithm of a number to the base
e
(e= 2.718281828495 ).
e
^
Raises e to the power you specify.
Select the function on the menu, then enter the value
and complete the expression with
O
.
³
Examples
%d
log 10
^
Þ
DEG
100OV
log(100)
ß
2.
DEG
%d"3I2OV
10^(3.2)
ß
1584.893192
DEG
%d""9I453O
V
ln(9.453)
ß
2.246332151
DEG
%d!4I7OV
e^(4.7)
ß
109.9471725
DEG