Texas Instruments bq34z100EVM User manual

User’s Guide
bq34z100EVM Wide Range Impedance Track™ Enabled
Battery Fuel Gauge Solution
Tom Cosby HVAL - Battery Management Solutions
ABSTRACT
This evaluation module (EVM) is a complete evaluation system for the bq34z100 wide-range fuel gauge for
lithium ion, Nickel metal hydride (NiMH) and Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) chemistries when combined with an
EV2300 USB adapter and Microsoft® Windows® based PC software downloadable from the TI.com website.
The circuit module includes one bq34z100 integrated circuit (IC) and all other components necessary to monitor
and predict capacity in one or more series cell Li-ion, Li-polymer, or LiFePO4 battery packs. The minimum
series cell count for PbA, NiMH, and NiCd chemistries must exceed 3.3-V stack voltage. The circuit module
connects directly across the battery stack. With the EV2300 interface adapter and software, it is possible to
read the bq34z100 data registers, program the chip for different pack configurations, log cycling data for further
evaluation, and evaluate the overall functionality of the bq34z100 solution under different charge and discharge
conditions.
Table of Contents
1 Features...................................................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Kit Contents........................................................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Ordering Information.......................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Documentation................................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.4 bq34z100 Circuit Module Performance Specification Summary........................................................................................ 3
2 bq34z100 Quick Start Guide.................................................................................................................................................. 4
2.1 Items Needed for EVM Setup and Evaluation....................................................................................................................4
2.2 Software Installation...........................................................................................................................................................4
2.3 EVM Connections.............................................................................................................................................................. 5
3 Battery Management Studio.................................................................................................................................................. 7
3.1 Registers Screen................................................................................................................................................................7
3.2 Setting Programmable bq34z100 Options......................................................................................................................... 8
3.3 Calibration Screen..............................................................................................................................................................9
3.4 Chemistry Screen.............................................................................................................................................................10
3.5 Programming Screen........................................................................................................................................................11
3.6 Golden Image Screen...................................................................................................................................................... 12
3.7 Advanced Comm I2C Screen...........................................................................................................................................13
3.8 Send HDQ Screen........................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.9 Dashboard Panel............................................................................................................................................................. 15
3.10 Commands Panel...........................................................................................................................................................16
4 Circuit Module Physical Layouts.........................................................................................................................................17
4.1 Board Layout....................................................................................................................................................................17
4.2 Schematic........................................................................................................................................................................ 20
4.3 Bill of Materials.................................................................................................................................................................21
5 Related Documentation from Texas Instruments.............................................................................................................. 22
6 Revision History................................................................................................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 2-1. bq34z100 Circuit Module Connection to Cells and System Load and Charger........................................................ 5
Figure 3-1. Registers Screen.......................................................................................................................................................7
Figure 3-2. Data Memory Screen................................................................................................................................................ 8
Figure 3-3. Calibration Screen.....................................................................................................................................................9
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Figure 3-4. Chemistry Screen....................................................................................................................................................10
Figure 3-5. Programming Screen...............................................................................................................................................11
Figure 3-6. Golden Image Screen............................................................................................................................................. 12
Figure 3-7. Advanced Comm Screen........................................................................................................................................ 13
Figure 3-8. Send HDQ Screen...................................................................................................................................................15
Figure 4-1. Top Silk Screen....................................................................................................................................................... 17
Figure 4-2. Top Assembly.......................................................................................................................................................... 17
Figure 4-3. Top Layer.................................................................................................................................................................18
Figure 4-4. Internal Layer 1....................................................................................................................................................... 18
Figure 4-5. Internal Layer 2....................................................................................................................................................... 19
Figure 4-6. Bottom Layer........................................................................................................................................................... 19
Figure 4-7. bq34z100EVM-003 Schematic................................................................................................................................20
List of Tables
Table 1-1. Ordering Information................................................................................................................................................... 3
Table 4-1. Bill of Materials..........................................................................................................................................................21
Trademarks
Impedance Track™ is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
Microsoft® and Windows® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Trademarks www.ti.com
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1 Features
• Complete evaluation system for the bq34z100 advanced gas gauge with Impedance Track™ technology.
• Populated circuit module for quick setup
• Link to software allowing data logging for system analysis
1.1 Kit Contents
• bq34z100 circuit module
• Cable to connect the EVM to an EV2300 or EV2400 Communications Interface Adapter.
1.2 Ordering Information
Table 1-1. Ordering Information
EVM Part Number Chemistry Configuration Capacity
bq34z100EVM Li-Ion, Li-Polymer, LiFePO4, PbA,
NiMH, NiCd 3 V–48 V Any
1.3 Documentation
See the device data sheet for bq34z100-G1 (SLUSBZ5) on www.ti.com for information on device firmware and
hardware.
1.4 bq34z100 Circuit Module Performance Specification Summary
This section summarizes the performance specifications of the bq34z100 circuit module.
Specification Min Typ Max Unit
Input voltage BAT+ to BAT– in 1S mode 3 4 5 V
Input voltage BAT+ to BAT– in MultiCell 6 28 48 V
Charge and discharge current 0 2 7 A
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2 bq34z100 Quick Start Guide
This section provides the step-by-step procedures required to take a new EVM and configure it for operation in a
laboratory environment.
2.1 Items Needed for EVM Setup and Evaluation
• bq34z100 circuit module
• EV2300 or EV2400 Communications Interface Adapter
• Cable to connect the EVM to an EV2300 or EV2400 Communications Interface Adapter
• USB cable to the Communications Interface Adapter to the computer
• Computer setup with Windows XP, or higher, operating system
• Access to the internet to download the Battery Management Studio software setup program
• Battery cells or 1-kΩ resistors to configure a cell simulator
• A DC power supply that can supply 50 V and 3 A (Constant current/constant voltage capability is desirable)
2.2 Software Installation
Find the latest software version in the bq34z100 tool folder on www.ti.com. Use the following steps to install the
bq34z100-G1 Battery Management Studio software:
1. Download and run the Battery Management Studio setup program from the bqStudio product folder on
www.ti.com. See Section 3 for detailed information on using the tools in the Battery Management Studio.
2. If the Communications Interface Adapter was not previously installed, after the Battery Management Studio
installation, a TI USB driver installer pops up. Click “Yes” for the agreement message and follow the
instructions. Two drivers are associated with the EV2300 and an additional file may be required for the
EV2400. Follow the instructions to install both. Do not reboot the computer, even if asked to do so.
3. Plug the Communications Interface Adapter into a USB port using the USB cable. The Windows system
may show a prompt that new hardware has been found. When asked, "Can Windows connect to Windows
Update to search for software?", select "No, not this time", and click "Next". In the next dialog window, it
indicates "This wizard helps you install software for: TI USB Firmware Updater". Select "Install the software
automatically (Recommended)" and click "Next". It is common for the next screen to be the Confirm File
Replace screen. Click "No" to continue. If this screen does not appear, then go to the next step. After
Windows indicates that the installation was finished, a similar dialog window pops up to install the second
driver. Proceed with the same installation preference as the first one. The second driver is the TI USB
bq80xx Driver.
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2.3 EVM Connections
This section covers the hardware connections for the EVM (see Figure 2-1).
Figure 2-1. bq34z100 Circuit Module Connection to Cells and System Load and Charger
• Direct connection to the cells: BAT–, BAT+
The bq34z100 monitors the cell stack voltage. Connect the bottom of the stack to BAT– and the top of the
stack to BAT+. The stack voltage can range from 3 V to 48 V (see Figure 2-1).
STACK VOLTAGE J5 HEADER J2 HEADER
Less than 5 V < 5-V jumpers N/A
Greater than 5 V > 5-V jumpers 16 V, 32 V or 48 V
WARNING
Applying a voltage greater than 5 V when jumpers are configured to < 5-V operation will damage
the IC. Do not apply power until you have completed the EVM Connections section.
• To the serial communications port (SCL, SDA)
Attach the Communications Interface Adapter cable to the J7 terminal block and to an EV2300 or EV2400
adapter box. Connect the PC USB cable to the EV2300 or EV2400 and the PC USB port (see Figure 2-1).
• The charger and system load connection across BAT+ and PACK–
Attach the charger or load to the TB3 terminal block. Connect the positive load wire to BAT+ and the ground
wire for the load to PACK– (see Figure 2-1).
• The ALERT output
The ALERT output is an active low interrupt. The ALERT Configuration register selects the Control Status bits
that will activate the interrupt. The ALERT pin is an open drain output and a pull-up resistor must be attached
to the TB1 to use the feature.
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• The LED Configuration
When configuring the data flash registers, choose one of five LED/Comm configuration codes (refer to Table
21 in the bq34z100-G1 datasheet SLUSBZ5). After reviewing those possibilities, select the jumper pattern
desired for the J6 header on the EVM. For single LED mode, place a jumper on the pair marked A. For four
direct LED mode, place jumpers on A, B, C, and D. (Note: This configuration is only available when using
HDQ communications mode.) For external LEDs using the shift register option, place a single jumper on EXT.
In all cases, where one or more LED’s are used, place a jumper across the J1 header to provide power to the
LED (see Figure 2-1).
• Parameter setup
The default data flash settings configure the device for 1-series Li-Ion cell. The user must update the data to
set up the number of series cells to match the physical pack configuration (see Cell Configuration in Section
3.2). This provides basic functionality to the setup. Other data flash parameters should also be updated to
fine tune the gauge to the pack. See the bq34z100 datasheet for help with setting the parameters.
bq34z100 Quick Start Guide www.ti.com
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3 Battery Management Studio
3.1 Registers Screen
Apply power to the EVM after you have completed the EVM Connections section. Run Battery Management
Studio from the Start | Programs | Texas Instruments | Battery Management Studio menu sequence, or the
Battery Management Studio shortcut. The Registers screen (see Figure 3-1) appears. The Registers section
contains parameters used to monitor gauging. The Bit Registers section provides a bit-level picture of status and
fault registers. A green flag indicates that the bit is 0 (low state) and a red flag indicates that the bit is 1 (high
state). Data begins to appear once the Refresh (single-time scan) button is selected, or it scans continuously, if
the Scan button is selected.
Figure 3-1. Registers Screen
The continuous scanning period can be set via the | Window | Preferences | SBS | Scan Interval | menu
selection.
The Battery Management Studio program provides a logging function which logs the values selected by the Log
check boxes located beside each parameter in the Registers section. To enable this function, select the Log
button; this causes the Scan button to be selected. When logging is stopped, the Scan button is still selected and
has to be manually deselected.
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3.2 Setting Programmable bq34z100 Options
The bq34z100 data flash comes configured per the default settings detailed in the bq34z100 datasheet. Ensure
that the settings are correctly changed to match the pack and application for the solution being evaluated.
Note
The correct setting of these options is essential to get the best performance. The settings can be
configured using the Data Memory screen (see Figure 3-2)
Figure 3-2. Data Memory Screen
3.2.1 Cell Configuration
The bq34z100 operates in one of two modes for measuring battery voltage. Place two jumpers on header J5 to
select the mode of operation. Refer to the Section 2.3.
For packs where the stack voltage is less than 5 V:
• Set the Number of Series Cells parameter field to the appropriate value
• Reset the gauge using the RESET button on the Commands panel
• Calibrate the stack voltage. Reference the Calibration Screen section
For packs where the stack voltage is greater than 5 V:
• Set the Number of Series Cells parameter field to the appropriate value
• Set the VOLTSEL bit in the Pack Cfg A register
• Reset the gauge using the RESET button on the Commands panel
• Calibrate the stack voltage. Reference the Calibration Screensection
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3.3 Calibration Screen
Calibrate the voltages, temperatures, and currents to provide good gauging performance. Press the Calibration
button to select the Advanced Calibration window. See Figure 3-3.
Figure 3-3. Calibration Screen
3.3.1 Voltage Calibration
• Measure the voltage from BAT+ to BAT– and enter this value in the Applied Voltage field and select the
Calibrate Voltage box.
• Press the Calibrate Gas Gauge button to calibrate the voltage measurement system.
• Deselect the Calibrate Voltage boxes after voltage calibration has completed.
3.3.2 Temperature Calibration
• Enter the room temperature in the Applied Temperature field and select the Calibrate Temperature box and
select the thermistor to be calibrated. The temperature value must be entered in degrees Celsius.
• Press the Calibrate Gas Gauge button to calibrate the temperature measurement system.
• Deselect the Calibrate Temperature box after temperature calibration has completed.
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3.3.3 Current Calibration
• Select the Calibrate CC Offset and Calibrate Board Offset boxes and insure that there is no current flow.
• Press the Calibrate Gas Gauge button to calibrate.
• Deselect the Calibrate CC Offset and Calibrate Board Offset boxes after current calibration has completed.
• Connect and measure a 2-A load from BAT+ and PACK– to calibrate the current gain.
• Enter –2000 in the Applied Current field and select the Calibrate Current box.
• Press the Calibrate Gas Gauge button to calibrate.
• Deselect the Calibrate Current box after current calibration has completed.
3.4 Chemistry Screen
The chemistry file contains parameters that the simulations use to model the cell and its operating profile. It
is critical to program a Chemistry ID that matches the cell into the device. Some of these parameters can be
viewed in the Data Flash section of the Battery Management Studio.
Press the Chemistry button to select the Chemistry window. See Figure 3-4.
Figure 3-4. Chemistry Screen
• The table can be sorted by clicking the desired column. For example: Click the Chemistry ID column header.
• Select the ChemID that matches your cell from the table (Figure 3-4).
• Press the Update chemistry in the data flash button to update the chemistry in the device.
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3.5 Programming Screen
Press the Programming button to select the Programming Update window. This window allows the user to
program the device to a new version of firmware.
Figure 3-5. Programming Screen
3.5.1 Programming the Flash Memory
The upper section of the Programming screen is used to initialize the device by loading the default .srec into the
flash memory (see Figure 3-5).
• Search for the .srec file using the Browse button.
• Press the Program button and wait for the download to complete.
• Press the Execute FW button after the download has completed.
• Select File | Restart to initialize bqStudio to the new firmware.
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3.6 Golden Image Screen
Press the Golden Image button to select the Golden Image window. This window allows the user to export the
device firmware as an .srec, .bq.fs, and .df.fs files.
Figure 3-6. Golden Image Screen
3.6.1 Exporting the Flash Memory
The .srec file contains the full flash memory. The .bq.fs contains the program memory portion for the flash
memory and the .df.fs contains the data flash portion of the flash memory (see Figure 3-6).
• Select the directory location to export the files.
• Enter the file name for the files.
• Select the files types to export.
• Press the Create Image File button to export the memory and create the files.
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3.7 Advanced Comm I2C Screen
Press the Advanced Comm I2C button to select the Advanced I2C Comm window. This tool provides access to
parameters using I2C and Manufacturing Access commands (see Figure 3-7).
Figure 3-7. Advanced Comm Screen
3.7.1 Examples
Reading Standard Data Commands.
• Read SBData Voltage (0x08)
– Start Register = 0x08
– Number of Bytes to Read = 2
– Press the Read button
– Date returned =8C 3C, which a byte swapped
– 0x3C8C = 15500mV, when converted to decimal
Sending a MAC Gauging() to enable IT via ManufacturerAccess().
• With Impedance Track™ disabled, send Gauging() (0x0021) to ManufacturerAccess().
– Start Register = 0x00
– Bytes to Write = 21 00
– Press the Write button
– The QEN flag should set in the Control Status register to indicate that Impedance Track is enabled
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Reading Control Subcommands. Chemical ID() (0x0008) via ManufacturerAccess()
• Send Chemical ID() to ManufacturerAccess()
– Start Register = 0x00
– Bytes to Write = 08 00
– Press the Write button
– Start Register = 0x00
– Number of Bytes to Read = 2
– Press the Read button
– Date returned =07 01, which a byte swapped
– That is 0x0107, chem ID 107
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3.8 Send HDQ Screen
When using the HDQ single wire serial communication feature, the mode of the gauge must be changed with
a special command. This screen provides a button for this purpose. Note the warning message. The process is
not reversible. Once in HDQ mode, the HDQ pro screen is available for testing commands and reprogramming
the device. For register scanning and data flash access, use the companion evaluation program for HDQ (see
Figure 3-8).
Figure 3-8. Send HDQ Screen
• To the HDQ communications port (HDQ, GND)
– Attach the Communications Interface Adapter cable to the J7 terminal block (I2C Interface) to the I2C port
on the EV2300..
– Press the Convert From I2C to HDQ button
– Power cycle the voltage to the device
– Attach the Communications Interface Adapter cable to the J4 terminal block (HDQ Interface) to the HDQ
port on the EV2300
– Select File | Restart to reload the bqStudio program
WARNING
The conversion to HDQ mode is permanent. TI recommends using the I2C interface to setup,
calibrate, and run the optimization cycle.
3.9 Dashboard Panel
The Dashboard panel displays the device type and firmware version. It also provides updates to the Voltage,
SOC, Current and Temperature in one location. The Dashboard uses automatic polling, which can cause
problems when sending some MAC commands. Dashboard polling can be disabled by clicking the auto refresh
field at the top of the panel (see Figure 3-1).
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3.10 Commands Panel
The Commands panel provides a quick and easy access to frequently used I2C and MAC commands. They are
mapped to buttons that can be pressed to execute the function. The I2C transaction is logged in the Log Panel
(see Figure 3-1).
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4 Circuit Module Physical Layouts
This section contains the printed-circuit board (PCB) layout, assembly drawings, and schematic for the
bq34z100 circuit module.
4.1 Board Layout
This section shows the dimensions, PCB layers (Figure 4-1 through Figure 4-6), and assembly drawing for the
bq34z100 module.
J1
J3
TB1
J2
SW1
U1 U3
RT1
J7 J4
TB3
J6
TP3
TP4
TP8
TP7
TP6
TP5
J5 U2
Figure 4-1. Top Silk Screen
1
11
11
1
1
J1
R2
R25
J3
TB1
R30
D7
TP1
TP2
Q6 J2
R15
R4
R36
SW1
U1
R7
C1 Q5
Q3
D2
R3
U3
Q2
R5 C5
C6
R8
C7
D1
R6
D16
RT1
R35
R34
D13
R37
R9 J7
R13
R14
D3
D4
J4
R16
R17
D5 TB3
R1
R10
R19 Q1
R11
D12
R12
D14
R18
D15
R20
D8
R22 R23
R24
J6
C3
C4
R26
R27
TP3
TP4
TP8
TP7
TP6
TP5
C2
C8
Q7
C9
Q4
R21
J5
R29
R31
R32
R33
R28
D6 D17 D10 D9
D11
U2
Figure 4-2. Top Assembly
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Figure 4-3. Top Layer
Figure 4-4. Internal Layer 1
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Figure 4-5. Internal Layer 2
Figure 4-6. Bottom Layer
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4.2 Schematic
Figure 4-7 shows the schematic for this EVM.
<= 5 V
SCL
BAT -
BAT +
PACK -
SDA
GND
HDQ
GND
> 5 V
<= 5 V
ALERT
LED Display
LED CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
GND
16V
32V
48V
LED0
LED1
LED2
LED3
LED4
LED5
LED6
LED7
LED8
LED9
LED A LED B LED C LED D
ALERT CONFIGURATION
Open for I2C
Fiducial Marks
> 5 V
A B C D
D
C
B
A
EXT
Optional for additional power saving
Adjust for minimum current consumption in the application
I2C pullups normally implemented in the host. Duplicated here since EV2300 does not provide
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
Optimize for required LED power dissipation
R2
100K
SH1
R3 27K
D1
AZ23C5V6-7
R36
100
R35
100
R34
100
R37
100
1
2
3
4
J7
D2
AZ23C5V6-7
R13
100
R14
100
1
2
3
4
J4
Q1
2SK3019
Q2
2SK3019
1
2
3
TB3
R30
.010 75ppm
Q5
BSS84
Q3 2N7002
C5 0.1uF
C6 0.1uF
C7
0.1uF
D7 BZT52C5V6S-7
TP1
Vscale Hi
TP2
Vscale Lo
R4
165K
SW1
RT1
10K
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
J5
1
2
J1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
J3
1
2
3
TB1
R7
2M
1A
2B
3QA
4QB
5QC
6QD
7GND 8
CLK
9
~CLR
10
QE
11
QF
12
QG
13
QH
14
VCC
U1
SN74HC164PW
1A
2B
3QA
4QB
5QC
6QD
7GND 8
CLK
9
~CLR
10
QE
11
QF
12
QG
13
QH
14
VCC
U3
SN74HC164PW
D16 QTLP610C-4 GRN
R8 1.5K
D13 QTLP610C-3 YEL
D9 QTLP610C-7 RED
D10 QTLP610C-7 RED
D11 QTLP610C-7 RED
D12 QTLP610C-3 YEL
R9 1.5K
R10 1.5K
R11 1.5K
R12 1.5K
D14 QTLP610C-3 YEL R18 1.5K
D15 QTLP610C-4 GRN R20 1.5K
R22 1.5K
D17 QTLP610C-4 GRN R23 1.5K
R24 1.5K
C3 0.1uF
C4 0.1uF
D8
QTLP610C-4 GRN
D3
QTLP610C-4 GRN
D4
QTLP610C-4 GRN
D5
QTLP610C-4 GRN
Q6
2SK3019
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
J6
R25
200
1
2
3
4
5
6
J2
TP3
TP4
TP8
TP7
TP6
TP5
R15
1.5K
R16
1.5K
R17
1.5K
R19
1.5K
R5 100
R6 100
R1
300K .1%
R26
300K .1%
R27
300K .1%
SH2
Q7
2SK3019
R21
220K
Q4
BSS138
C8 1uF
C2
0.1uF
C1
1uF
C9 3300 pF
R28 16.5K .1%
R29
10k
R31
10k
R32
1M
R33
1M
D6 QTLP610C-4 GRN
1P2
2VEN
3P1
4BAT
5CE
6REGIN
7REG25 8
VSS
9
SRP
10
SRN
11
P6/TS
12
P5/HDQ
13
P4/SCL
14
P3/SDA
U2
BQ34Z1X0 PW
R38
1k
Q8
2N7002
R39
47
R40
47
R41 27K
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
P3 P4
REGIN
REGIN
GND
GND
P2
GND
GND
GND
GND
P2
P1
GND GND
P4
P3
P2
P1
REGIN
AGND
REG25
GND AGND
REG25
GND
GND
AGND
AGND
REGIN
GND GND
P1
P2
AGND
Figure 4-7. bq34z100EVM-003 Schematic
Circuit Module Physical Layouts www.ti.com
20 bq34z100EVM Wide Range Impedance Track™ Enabled Battery Fuel Gauge Solution SLUU904B – APRIL 2012 – REVISED APRIL 2021
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