Unical FIREX 2S Instruction Manual

FIREX 2S
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE USER

2
1 - SYMBOLS USED IN THE MANUAL
Pay special attention when reading this manual to the parts marked by the symbols:
NOTE!
Suggestions for the user
ATTENTION!
Possible hazardous situation
for the product and the environment
DANGER!
Serious danger for
personal safety and life
2 - APPROPRIATE USE OF APPLIANCE
The FIREX appliance has been constructed according to the current level of engineering and acknowledged
technical safety rules.
Nonetheless, if improperly used, dangers could arise for the safety and life of the user and other persons
or damage to the equipment or other objects.
The appliance is intended to operate in hot air circulation heating systems. Any other use must be consid-
ered improper.
UNICAL shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from improper use; in this case the user is fully
responsible for the risk.
Use according to the intended purposes also includes careful compliance with the instructions in this manual.
3 - WATER TREATMENT
• Thehardnessofthefeedwaterconditionsthefrequencyatwhichthedomestichotwaterproducermustbecleaned.
• Ifthewaterhasahardnessgreaterthan15°f,werecommendusingwatersofteners,chosenaccordingtothe
characteristicsofthewater.
• WerecommendcheckingandcleaninganyinstalledD.H.W.exchangerattheendoftherstyearofuseandevery
twoyearsthereafter;onthisoccasion,alsocheckthestateofwearoftheanode.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Symbolsusedinthemanual...................................................................................................................................................... 2
2 Appropriateuseofappliance...................................................................................................................................................... 2
3 Watertreatment......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
4 Informationprovidedtotheuserbyinstaller/maintenancetechnician........................................................................................ 3
5 Safetywarnings.......................................................................................................................................................................... 3
6 Operatinginstructions................................................................................................................................................................ 4
6.1 Panelboard......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
6.2 Checksbeforecommissioning............................................................................................................................................. 6
6.3 Thewood........................................................................................................................................................................... 10
6.4 Woodhumidity................................................................................................................................................................... 10
6.5 Dimensions........................................................................................................................................................................ 10
6.6 Start-up.............................................................................................................................................................................. 10
6.7 Combustionairadjustment................................................................................................................................................ 11
6.8 Checkstobecarriedoutaftercommissioning................................................................................................................... 12
6.9 Generalwarnings.............................................................................................................................................................. 13
6.10Summermode................................................................................................................................................................. 13
6.11Maintenance.................................................................................................................................................................... 14
6.12Troubleshooting............................................................................................................................................................... 15

3
Theusermustbeinstructedconcerningtheuseandoperationofhisheatingsystem,inparticular:
• Delivertheseinstructionstotheuser,aswellasotherdocumentsconcerningtheapplianceinsertedintheenvelope
insidethepackaging.The user must keep this documentation safe for future consultation.
• Informtheuserabouttheimportanceoftheairventsandtheuegasexhaustsystem,highlightingtheirindispen-
sablenatureandstrictprohibitionofmodifyingthem.
• Informtheuserconcerningcontrollingthesystem'swaterpressureaswellasoperationstorestoreit.
• Informtheuserconcerningcorrecttemperaturecontrol,controlunits/thermostatsandradiatorsforsavingenergy.
• Rememberthatthesystemmustreceiveregularmaintenanceatleastonceayearandacombustionanalysis
mustbeperformedinthetimetableforeseenbystandardsinforce.
• Shouldtheappliancebesoldortransferredtoanewownerorifyoumoveandleavetheappliance,alwaysmake
surethattheinstructionmanualaccompaniesitinordertobeconsultedbythenewownerand/orinstaller.
The manufacturer will not be held liable in the event of damage to persons, animals or objects resulting from
failure to comply with the instructions contained in this manual.
4 - INFORMATION PROVIDED TO THE USER
BY THE INSTALLATION/MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN
5 - SAFETY WARNINGS
ATTENTION!
The appliance must be installed, adjusted and maintained by professionally qualified personnel, in compli-
ance with standards and provisions in force. Incorrect installation can cause damage to persons, animals
and objects for which the manufacturer cannot be held responsible.
DANGER!
NEVER attempt performing maintenance or repairs on the boiler on your own initiative.
Any work must be done by professionally qualified personnel, authorised by Unical. We recommend stip-
ulating a maintenance contract.
Insufficient or irregular maintenance can jeopardise the operating safety of the appliance and cause damage
to persons, animals and objects for which the manufacturer cannot be held responsible.
Modifying parts connected to appliance
Donotmodifythefollowingparts:
- theboiler
- thegas,air,waterandelectricitylines
- theuegaspipe,safetyvalveandheatingwaterdrainpipe
- theconstructionpartswhichaffecttheoperatingsafetyoftheappliance.
Smell of gas
Shouldasmellofgasbeperceived,followthesesafetyguidelines:
- donotturnelectricswitchesonoroff
- donotsmoke
- donotusethetelephone
- closethegasshut-offvalve
- airouttheareawherethegasleakagehasoccurred
- informthegassupplieroracompanyspecialisedininstallationandmaintenanceofheatingsystems.
Explosive and easily flammable substances
Donotuseorstoreexplosiveoreasilyammablematerials(e.g.petrol,paints,paper)intheroomwheretheap-
plianceisinstalled.

4
6 - OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
6.1 - CONTROL PANEL
Functionsofswitches:
O
I
 Luminousmainswitch(green)
 fanstartkey
 controlunitRESETkey
 summer/winterkey
 safety thermostat resetkey(locatedontheleft
side)
 boilerfunctionsadjustmentMENUkey
 functionsvalueincreasekey
 functionsvaluedecreasekey
 keytochangeprioritydomestichotwater/heating
 boiler maximum temperature sound alarm
 acknowledge
Functionsofindicatorlights:
 solarpanelpumpstartindicatorlight

 loadpumpstartindicatorlight
 storagetank
 heatingpumpstartindicatorlight
 freeindicatorlight
 fanstartindicatorlight
 auxiliaryboilerstartindicatorlight
 oil/gas

5
FUNCTIONS OF CONTROL SWITCHES /
CONTROL KEYS:
Pressingtheswitch
O
Ipowersthepanelandalltheoper-
ationsconnectedtoit.
Byholdingkey forfewsecondsitispossibletoselectthe
followingoperationoptions:
-WOOD COMB
-AUTO COMB
-BURN COMB
- - - - -Stand-by(alloff)
WOOD COMB
Inthismodethewoodboilerisinoperation.
Whenboileroperationstops,theback-upboilerisNOTactivated.
AUTO COMB
InthismodethewoodboilerisinoperationandthewordsLeg
Autoashonthedisplay;theboilerisworkingonwood.
Whenloadingiscompleted,intheeventofdemand,theback-up
boilerisautomaticallyactivated.
BRUC COMB
Inthismodetheback-upboilerisinoperation.
After selecting the LEGN COMB or AUTO COMB mode, by
pressing  for one second the fan is powered. This will
remainactiveaslongasthereiswoodintheboilerwoodcom-
partment.Thiscycleistimed;thereforewhenactivatedwiththis
key,theboardcontrolstheboiler'sabilitytoproduceheat;when
itrunsout,theboilerreturnstothestandbystatusafterapreset
timeduringwhichnomoreheatisavailable.Theloadendstatus
isbroughtaboutbytheuegastemperature
The  key changes the SUMMER / WINTER setting; in
SUMMERmodetheheatingsystempumpisdisabled.
Thekey changestheprioritybetweendomestichotwater
andheating.
Thiskeyisactiveifthereisastoragetankwithacoil.Itstops
heatinginfavourofDHWproductionandviceversa.
Thestoragetankwaterproductioncycleorstoragetankload-
ingwillautomaticallyactivatewhenthestoragetankminimum
temperatureisreachedanditwillde-activatewhenthestorage
tankhasreachedthedesiredtemperature.
Whenroomheating ismanagedbythechronothermostat (or
room thermostat) control, with closed contact and sufcient
boilertemperature,theboardactivatestheheatingsystempump.
Thearrangementwillbeviewedonthedisplayaccordingtothe
followingphases:
- “DHW”setting,theboilerautomaticallyactivatesdomestic
hotwaterpriority when the storagetankhasreachedthe
minimumtemperature.
- “OFF”settingwhentheboilerhasrequestedneitherDHW
orheating.
- “CH” setting when the boiler has been requested heating
through the chronothermostat (or room thermostat) input
contact.
- “MAINT”whenaDHWorheatingrequestisactivated,and
parameter“P0”ismet.
Thekey silencesthesoundalarmincaseofovertemper-
aturealarm.
Incaseofanalarm,allthepumpsconguredaccordingtothe
programmedoperatingmodeareactivatedtodisperseexcess
heat(ANTI-INERTIAFUNCTION)andthefanstops.
Thesoundalarmistriggeredautomaticallyshouldtheboiler's
owtemperatureexceedthe“P2”value.Atthesametime,the
STORAGETANKPUMPfunctionLEDandtheSYSTEMPUMP
functionLEDonthedisplayswitchon.
The keyisusedtoresetthe“self-diagnostics”con-
troller.
Thisoperationdoesnotaffectthesetparameters,which
arenotmodied.

6
IMPORTANT!
Before powering the panel board, ensure the
main switch is on Oand that the safety thermo-
stat is “reset".
Starting up the boiler
Thisswitchconnectsanddisconnectspowertotheboiler.
- Withtheswitchat0 ,theboilerisnotpoweredelectri-
cally(greenindicatorlightoff).
- Withtheswitchat ,theboilerispoweredelectrically
(greenindicatorlighton)andissetupforoperation.
The recirculation pump works.
The detected boiler flow, return and flue gas tempera-
tures will be shown on the first screen of the display.
Flue gas extraction start up
Whenthepanelisturnedonbymeansoftheswitch 
thefanwillbeautomaticallypowered.
Whentheindicatorlight isblue,itmeansthatapos-
sibleauxiliaryboilercanbepoweredbymeansofoutput
11-12ofterminalJ1ontheboard.
When the indicator light  is red, it means that the
wood-redboilerfanisrunning.
Tointerruptthecombustionstageandstopthefan,press
key foronesecond;
Door opening micro-switch operation check
Tocheckcorrectwiringandoperationofthedooropen-
ingmicro-switch,opentheupperwoodloadingdoor;the
controllerwillstartemittingshortBEEPSatshortintervals
andthelowerrowofthedisplaywillreadBOILERDOOR
OPEN.
Justclosethewoodloadingdoortosilencethealarm.
Summer / Winter mode selection
TheSummer/Winterfunctioncanbeselectedwithkey
andthelowerrowofthedisplaywillreadalternatively
SUMMERWATERWOODCOMB.orWINTHEAT.WOOD
COMB.ifthereisdemandfordomestichotwaterorifthe
roomthermostatisrequesting.

7
Programming procedure
(only qualied personnel)
To enter parameter programming, hold the key 
pressedforabout8secondsuntiltherstmodiablepa-
rameter(parametro 0)appearsonthedisplaywiththe
defaultvalue.
Nowpressthekey andthegurewillstartashing.
Changethegurewiththekeys and .
Press toconrmthegure.
Pressthekey for8secondstoexitthemenu.
Fortherangeofvaluesthatcanbesetaccordingtothe
systeminstalled,seechapter4oftheInstallationinstruc-
tionbooklet(Parameterslist/Settablevalues)page23.
Bypressingthekeys and ,thenextparameters
can be viewed in sequence. Set the desired values by
actingasexplainedpreviouslyand,whenprogramming
iscompleted,conrmalltheselectionsbyholdingthekey
pressedfor8seconds.
Thiswilltransferallthechangestothenon-volatilemem-
oryofthecontrolboard.
Resetting the safety thermostat
The safety thermostat is triggered when the boiler
temperature exceeds 100°C and blocks the fan. The
pumps enabled according to the type of diagrams will
continue working.
IMPORTANT: The reset control of the FIREX boiler
safety thermostat is located on the left of the panel
board.
The thermostat resets operation of the wood-fired
boiler.
To access it when the boiler blocks, unscrew the plas-
tic cap with a screwdriver; after resetting the boiler,
put the plastic cap back on.
Thesafetythermostatcanbetriggeredwhentheboiler
overheats.Thiscanbesolvedrstofallbyloweringthe
operatingtemperatureoftheboiler(seenextpoint).
IftheroomthermostatisnotrequestingthewordsWINT
OFFWOODCOMB.aredisplayed,orifthereisnodemand
forDHWthewordsSUMMEROFFWOODCOMB.
InSummermode,theheatingsystempumpisdisabled.

8
Heating system temperature
adjustment
Itispossibletocontrol the temperature of theFIREX
boilersystemwaterbychangingPARAMETER 0
TheP0parameteristheonlyparametertheuserisable
tomodify;theremainingparametersmayexclusivelybe
changedbyanAfterSaleServiceCentre.
Temperatureis adjustedbetween aminimum of 70°C
and a maximum of 85°C.
Seepreviouspoint"Programming procedure".
Lighting the boiler
The top door is open to load wood and the
fan runs at full speed.
Light the wood as described in Chap. 6.3.
With lower boiler door closed, upper door open and op-
erating fan after lighting the wood, the upper door closes
and fan is switched o.
To activate the actual combustion cycle just press the
on/o key for one second: The fan starts and goes
to nominal speed set in parameter P13.
The board displays the message “Wood comb”. The boil-
er on or o status is brought about by the ue gas temper-
ature reached in a certain period of time.
When the on/o key is pressed a timer is activated, the
time of which is set in parameter P11. During this time the
ue gas temperature must reach the value set in parame-
ter P14 (minimum ue gas temperature for boiler ignition
detection), upon reaching it the boiler continues operating
regularly.
If however, when the set time has elapsed the ue gas
temperature has not reached the value set in P14, the
boiler fan switches o and the combustion cycle stops.
This may depend on the amount of fuel loaded or adjust-
ment of primary and secondary boiler air. Always check
the ame is present during the ignition phase through the
ame sight glass located in the lower door of the boiler.
Pump operation is connected to the boiler water temper-
ature and does not follow the ue gas temperature gure,
therefore the case may occur where the boiler is in stand-
by and the pumps are operating.
Heating system pressure
For systems with open expansion vessel,
pressuredoesnotneedtoberestoredas
itisdoneautomaticallybythelevelswitch
placedinsidethevessel.
Ifthesafetydeviceoftheboilertripsrepeatedly,donottry
torestoreoperationoftheboileronyourown,butcontact
anAfterSaleServiceCentre.
When the water temperature in the boiler goes below the
gure set in parameter P1 the pumps stop.

9
6.2 - CHECKS BEFORE COMMISSIONING
Beforecommissioningtheappliance,thefollowingshould
bechecked:
- Makesurethattheshut-offvalvesformaintenanceon
theowandreturnpipesofthesystemareopen.
- Checktheconnectionofthesafetyvalvestothesewer
system.
-  Makesure the boilerispoweredelectrically;themain
switchonthepanelboardmustbeonwhenplacedat.
- Checkthewaterpressureontheboilerpressuregauge
(see"heatingsystempressure");forbestoperation,the
pressureshouldbebetween1and1.2bar(withpump
stopped).
- Makesurethatthefanalwaysrunsatmaximumspeed
whentheloadingdooropens.
- Checkproperoperationoftheby-passwhenthedooris
opened,properoperationandsealwith“doorclosed”.
 Openingtheloadingdoorcausesthefantostartup
automatically.Inthiswaytheuegasaccumulatedin
thewoodstorageisextractedandconveyeddirectlyto
thechimney.
 Thebypass, in conclusion,allowsthe uegastobe
dischargedtothechimneywithoutescapingintothe
roomwhenloadingthewoodorduringlighting.
Complete decommissioning
When the system is put completely out of service, hot
waterproductionisfullydeactivated.
Intheeventofputtingcompletelyoutofservice,disconnect
powertotheboilerbyopeningthecontactonthetwo-pole
switchupstreamoftheboilerandickingthemainswitch
onthepanelboardto0 :theindicatorlightwillswitchoff.
Closethecoldwaterandgasshut-offtap(ifback-upboiler
withgas-fuelledburnerispresent).
ATTENTION!
Theheatingsystemcanbeeffectivelyprotectedagainst
icebyusingspecicantifreezeproductssuitableformul-
ti-metalplants.
Do not use car engine antifreeze prod-
ucts as they could damage the water
gaskets.

10
6.3 - FIREWOOD
Woodisformedmainlybycelluloseandlignite.
It also contains other substances, such as
resin(r-pine),tannin(oak-chestnut)and,
obviously,alargequantityofwater.
Good quality woods are oak, ash, beech,
mapleandfruittrees,exceptcherry;medium
qualitywoodis:chestnutandbirch;sufcient
quality wood: lime tree, poplar and willow.
Resinoustreesare,normally,second-ratequalityfuels.
Wood is therefore an extremely heterogeneous fuel,
due to different essences (beech, oak, fruit, resinous),
different moisture content, and due to different shapes
anddimensions.
Boiler operation will inevitably be effected by all these
factors. Especially by the log dimensions, the moisture
contentandthewaywoodisloadedintheboiler.
6.4 - WOOD MOISTURE
The caloric value of the different types of
wooddependsontheirmoisturecontent,as
illustratedinthetable.Boileroutputandauton-
omywilldiminishasthemoistureincreases.
Thetableprovidesthepowerreductionfactor
basedonthemoistureofthewoodbeingused.
TheheatoutputoftheFIREXboileriscalcu-
latedforwoodwitha15%moisturecontent.
Asanexample,woodwhichhasbeendried
for 2 years in a sheltered area has a 25%
moisturecontent.
Example:
moistureofthewoodbeingused=25%
output=nominaloutputx0.86
6.5 - FIREWOOD DIMENSIONS
The dimensions, together with the moisture
content, contribute to determine the boiler’s
output.Smallpieces(withalength,however,
conforming to indications indicated hereby)
aremoreeasilyammableandthereforehave
the tendency to increase the boiler’s output
andthereforetoreduceitsautonomy.Moreo-
ver,theyfallwithgreaterfacility,inthelower
chamber,reducingtheriskoftheformationof
“bridges”.Theso-called“bridge”isanempty
spaceintherewoodstoragecompartment,whereun-
burntwoodlogsremain.Inthiscasethebedofembersis
notfedwithcontinuityandtherefractoryburner’sslotis
uncovered.Intheseconditions,preferentialairductsare
createdwithaverysmallameduetoanexcessofair.
TheFIREXboilermustbefedwithnaturalwoodlogsof
thelengthsetoutinparagraph6.6.Thelogsectionmust
normallyberound(Øapproximately10cm).
6.6 - START-UP
Ensurethechecksreferredtoinpoint6.2
havebeenperformed.
Closethebottomdoorandpowerthecontrol
board(fortheoperationmode,seepoint6.1).
Openthetoploadingdoorandplacesome
dry wood kindling crosswise on the main
stone,abovethecentralslot.
Usehighlyammablematerialonthewood,avoidinglarge
andsquarelogs.
Lightthewoodusingthinsheetsofpaper(newspaperor
thelike).
Therstignitionofthenewboilercouldbedifcultdueto
moistrefractorycementcasting.
Accordingly,weadvisefullyopeningtheprimaryairand
loweringthesecondaryair.
Closetheupperdoorandwaitafewminutesforthere
tostartandproducesomeembers(about5minutes).
Afterafewminutes,iflookingthroughtheamesightglass
ofthelowerdooryouseethatameinversionisbeginning,
addotherlargerlogs.
Closethetopdoor.
Presskey for1second,andthecombustionphase
willstart.
Correctionfactorsforwoodmoisture
%OF
HUMIDITY
CALORIFIC
VALUE
kWh/kg
CORRECTION
FACTOR
15
20
25
4.50
4.18
3.87
1
0.93
0.86
CALORIFIC
VALUE
MJ/kg
16.20
15.05
13.93