Universal Audio 2192 User manual

Model 2192
Master Digital Audio Interface
Manual Part Number: 65-0701
Revision 1.00
Universal Audio, Inc.
330 Encinal Street
Santa Cruz, CA 95060-2101
[phone] voice
[phone] fax
www.uaudio.com

2
Notice
Important Safety Instructions
Before using this unit, be sure to carefully read the applicable items of these operating
instructions and the safety suggestions. Afterwards keep them handy for future reference. Take
special care to follow the warnings indicated on the unit, as well as in the operating instructions.
Water and Moisture – Do not use the
unit near any source of water or in
excessively moist environments.
Object and Liquid Entry – Care should
be taken so that objects do not fall, and
liquids are not spilled, into the enclosure
through openings.
Ventilation – When installing the unit in a
rack or any other location, be sure there is
adequate ventilation. Improper ventilation
will cause overheating, and can damage
the unit.
Heat – The unit should be situated away
from heat sources, or other equipment that
produces heat.
Power Sources – The unit should be
connected to a power supply only of the
type described in the operating instructions,
or as marked on the unit.
Power Cord Protection – AC power
supply cords should be routed so that they
are not likely to be walked on or pinched
by items placed upon or against them. Pay
particular attention to cords at plugs,
convenience receptacles, and the point
where they exit from the unit. Never take
hold of the plug or cord if your hand is wet.
Always grasp the plug body when
connecting or disconnecting AC.
Grounding of the Plug – This unit is
equipped with a 3-wire grounding type
plug, a plug having a third (grounding) pin.
This plug will only fit into a grounding-type
power outlet. This is a safety feature. If you
are unable to insert the plug into the outlet,
contact your electrician to replace your
obsolete outlet. Do not defeat the purpose
of the grounding-type plug.
Carts and Stands – The unit should be
used only with a cart or stand that is
recommended by the manufacturer. The unit
and cart combination should be moved with
care. Quick stops, excessive force and
uneven surfaces may cause the unit and
cart combination to overturn.
Wall Or Ceiling Mount – The unit
should be mounted to a wall or ceiling
using only equipment designed for that
purpose.
Cleaning – The unit should be cleaned
only with a damp cloth and mild soap if
necessary. Chemical cleaners may damage
the silkscreen and/or finish.
Nonuse Periods – The AC power supply
cord of the unit should be unplugged from
the AC outlet when left unused for a long
period of time.
Damage Requiring Service – The unit
should be serviced by qualified service
personnel when:
•The AC power supply cord or the
plug has been damaged;
•Objects have fallen or liquid has
been spilled into the unit;
•The unit has been exposed to rain;
•The unit does not operate normally
or exhibits a marked change in
performance;
•The unit has been dropped, or the
enclosure damaged.
Servicing – The user should not attempt to
service the unit beyond that described in the
operating instructions. All other servicing
should be referred to qualified service
personnel.

3
FCC Compliance
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation.
This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular
installation.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
•Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
•Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
•Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver
is connected.
•Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Caution: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Universal Audio could void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.
Disclaimer
This manual provides general information, preparation for use, installation and operating
instructions for the Universal Audio 2192 Master Digital Audio Interface. The information
contained in this manual is subject to change without notice.
Universal Audio, Inc. makes no warranties of any kind with regard to this manual, or the
product(s) it refers to, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and
fitness for a particular purpose. Universal Audio, Inc. shall not be liable for errors contained
herein or direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with the
furnishing, performance, or use of this material or the product(s).
Copyright
© 2003 Universal Audio, Incorporated. All rights reserved.
This manual and any associated software, artwork, product designs, and design concepts are
subject to copyright protection. No part of this document may be reproduced, in any form,
without prior written permission of Universal Audio, Inc.
Trademarks
LA-2A, 1176, 2-610, M610, 2108, 6176, 2192, UAD-1, and the Universal Audio, Inc. logo
are trademarks of Universal Audio, Inc. ADAT® is a registered trademark of Alesis Corporation.
Other company and product names mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective
companies.

4
Contents
Notice ........................................................................................ 2
Important Safety Instructions ................................................................................2
FCC Compliance ..............................................................................................3
Disclaimer .......................................................................................................3
Copyright........................................................................................................3
Trademarks .....................................................................................................3
Introduction ............................................................................... 7
Analog Ears, Digital Minds .................................................................................7
Features..........................................................................................................9
Specifications.................................................................................................10
Front Panel .............................................................................. 13
Rear Panel.....................................................................................................14
Block Diagram ...............................................................................................15
Connections ............................................................................. 16
AC Power Input ..............................................................................................16
AES/EBU Digital I/O.......................................................................................16
S/PDIF Digital I/O ..........................................................................................17
Word Clock I/O.............................................................................................17
ADAT Optical Digital I/O .................................................................................18
Analog I/O ...................................................................................................18
Analog Line Trims ...........................................................................................19
Line Trim Procedure .........................................................................................19
Ground Isolation Jumpers..................................................................................20

5
Controls ................................................................................... 21
LED Level Meters.............................................................................................21
Clock Source .................................................................................................21
Sample Rate Select..........................................................................................23
Clock Status Lamp...........................................................................................24
Analog Outputs DAC Source Select ....................................................................24
AES/SPDIF Controls ........................................................................................25
Digital Outputs Source Select.............................................................................25
Power Lamp...................................................................................................26
Power Switch .................................................................................................26
Clocking................................................................................... 27
Flexibility ......................................................................................................27
Subclocking/Overclocking................................................................................27
Reclocking.....................................................................................................27
Analog to Digital Conversion................................................... 28
A/D Using Internal Clock..................................................................................28
A/D Using External Clock.................................................................................29
Digital to Analog Conversion................................................... 30
D/A Using Internal Clock..................................................................................30
D/A Using Digital Audio Source Clock ................................................................31
D/A Using External BNC Word Clock.................................................................32
D/A Using ADAT Clock with AES/SPDIF Audio .....................................................33
D/A Using AES/SPDIF Clock with ADAT Audio .....................................................34
Transcoding ............................................................................. 35
Transcoding Using Internal Clock........................................................................35
Transcoding Using Digital Audio Clock................................................................36
Transcoding Using Alternate Clock .....................................................................37

6
Diagrams................................................................................. 38
Frequency Response ........................................................................................38
Dynamic Range: A/D ......................................................................................39
Dynamic Range: D/A ......................................................................................40
Mastering Setup .............................................................................................40
Digital Audio Workstation Setup ........................................................................41
8-Channel Pro Tools Setup ................................................................................42
Index ....................................................................................... 43
List of Figures
Figure 1: Front Panel Elements .....................................................................................13
Figure 2: Rear Panel Elements......................................................................................14
Figure 3: Block Diagram.............................................................................................15
Figure 4: Frequency Response .....................................................................................38
Figure 5: A/D Dynamic Range.....................................................................................39
Figure 6: D/A Dynamic Range.....................................................................................40
Figure 7: Typical Mastering Setup ................................................................................40
Figure 8: Typical DAW Setup ......................................................................................41
Figure 9: Typical Pro Tools HD Setup.............................................................................42
List of Tables
Table 1: Front Panel Index ..........................................................................................13
Table 2: Rear Panel Index...........................................................................................14
Table 3: Internal Ground Isolation Jumpers .....................................................................20
Table 4: Clock Source & Sample Rate Interaction .............................................................22
Table 5: Available Sample Rates ..................................................................................23
Table 6: Sample Rates with External Clocking .................................................................24

7
Introduction
Analog Ears, Digital Minds
Thank you for using the 2192 Master Digital Audio Interface, the first product to combine
Universal Audio’s long history of creating high-quality vintage analog gear with its advanced
digital technology.
Conversion
The soul of the 2192 is the analog circuitry used in the A/D and D/A converters.
The analog signal path uses DC-coupled, fully dual-differential, matched-FET, all discrete Class-A
circuitry, resulting in ultra-low noise, excellent transient response and unmatched sound. No
capacitors or DC servos are used in the signal path since these degrade audio quality and
image stability, and introduce phase distortion.
Our no-compromises design approach and extensive history in analog and digital circuit design
ensure your converted signals are totally accurate and of the highest possible fidelity.
Analog to Digital
Analog signals can be converted to digital at sampling rates of 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, and
192kHz. The digital output signal is always 24-bit format.
During A/D conversion, the digital signal is output to all digital outputs (AES/EBU, S/PDIF, and
ADAT S-MUX) simultaneously. Audio digitized at rates above 96kHz is carried over AES/EBU in
single- or dual-wire mode, and ADAT optical I/O with S-MUX interleaving. The S/PDIF
specification, which includes 192kHz 24-bit audio, is fully implemented.
The 2192 analog outputs can be set to monitor the converted analog inputs. In this scenario the
D/A converters output the signals from the A/D converters, enabling “true confidence” analog
monitoring of the digitized signal.
Digital to Analog
Any of the digital input sources (AES/EBU, S/PDIF, or ADAT S-MUX) can be converted to
analog. The clock source used during the D/A conversion can come from the internal clock, the
digital audio source signal, or from an external clock source that is separate from the digital
audio.
D/A conversion is accomplished at the sample rate of the digital audio source signal, even if the
2192 is synchronized to an external clock source that is running at a multiple or submutiple of
the digital audio sample rate (subclock/overclock).

8
Clocking
The internal digital clock of the 2192 was designed for extreme stability and jitter-free operation.
The internal clock conditioner removes jitter from external sources, so conversion quality is
unaffected by clock source.
Combined with its extensive digital I/O, flexible front-panel routing controls, and phase aligned
clock conditioner, the 2192 provides high-quality master clock source and clock distribution for
your entire studio.
Two separate word clock inputs as well as AES/EBU, S/PDIF, and ADAT S-MUX can be used as
external clock sources in addition to the internal clock. Four word clock outputs are provided so
the 2192 can be used as a master clock source without daisy-chaining or cascading the clock
through external devices, which can degrade the clock signal.
A prominent lamp indicates when the 2192 is successfully synchronized to an external clock
source.
Subclock and Overclock
A/D and D/A conversion is accomplished at any available 2192 sample rate, even if the 2192
is synchronized (slaved) to an external clock source that is running at a multiple or submultiple of
the 2192 sample rate.
Subclocking occurs if the 2192 is synchronized to an external clock that is running at 2x or 4x
the 2192 sample rate. Overclocking occurs if the 2192 is synchronized to an external clock that
is running at 1/2 or 1/4 of the 2192 sample rate.
See the clocking section on page 27 for more details.
Transcoding
The 2192 can transcode (convert) digital audio between AES/EBU, S/PDIF, and ADAT S-MUX in
realtime. For example, you can transfer 192kHz audio from S/PDIF to dual-wire 192kHz
AES/EBU or ADAT S-MUX. Transcoding can be performed using any of the available clock
sources.

9
Features
•Ultra-low noise 44.1kHz – 192kHz A/D and D/A converters
•Low jitter internal clock source provides 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4 and 192kHz sampling
rates
•DC-coupled, fully dual-differential, matched-FET, all discrete Class-A, no-compromises analog
signal path
•No capacitors in the signal path to degrade sound quality or introduce phase distortion
•2 channel ADAT S-MUX I/O for 44.1kHz to 48kHz transmission of 44.1kHz to 192kHz
audio
•2 Channel transformer coupled AES/EBU I/O (44.1kHz – 192kHz)
•Support for single and dual wire AES/EBU at 176.4kHz and 192kHz rates
•2 Channel transformer coupled S/PDIF I/O (44.1kHz – 192kHz)
•Realtime transcoding between digital formats
•Independent digital and analog output routing
•4 parallel 75 ohm BNC Word Clock outputs for jitter-free and reflection-free clock distribution
•2 separate 75 ohm BNC Word Clock inputs capable of synchronizing to 1x house clocks
while running at higher 2x and 4x sample rates
•Front panel Sync-Lock indicator
•Sturdy front panel rotary switches provide Clock, Sample Rate, Analog Output and Digital
Output source selection
•Full 24-bit digital signal path throughout
•No digital processing of the audio signal
•Multi-segment LED bargraph metering on all analog inputs and outputs, with timed peak-hold
digital overload (input) and digital peak (output) indicators
•Internal universal auto-sensing, filtered, multi-stage regulated power supply supports 100-
240VAC and 50-60Hz power for trouble-free operation world-wide
•Rugged 1U rack mount steel chassis

10
Specifications
Analog
•Inputs:
2x balanced XLR female connectors
DC coupled, dual-differential
Common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR): >90dB
Impedance: ~1.5k ohms
Maximum input level: +31dBu
•Outputs:
2x balanced XLR male connectors
DC coupled, dual-differential
Impedance: ~95ohms
Maximum output level: +23dBu
•Frequency Response (analog input to ADC to DAC to analog output,
referenced to 1kHz, Fs = 192kHz):
+- 0.1dB, 10Hz to 40kHz, -1dB at 74kHz
(See Figure 4: Frequency Response on page 38)
•Analog Level Trim:
oADC input (Lo-Z source):
Max input for 0dBFS: +30dBu
Min input for 0dBFS: +5.5dBu (3dBV)
oDAC output (Hi-Z load):
Max output at 0dBFS: +23dBu
Min output at 0dBFS: +4dBu (+1.8dBV)
oFactory trim:
Headroom: +18dB
Reference level: +4dBu = -18dBFS
Max input/output at 0dBFS: +22dBu
Trim accessed via 15-turn, rear-panel mounted potentiometer
Conversion
•A/D:
oDynamic range (measured using -38dBu = -60dBFS input at 1kHz
(See Figure 5: A/D Dynamic Range on page 39)
118dB (A-weighted), 115dB (unweighted)
oFrequency response (relative to 1kHz):
+- 0.02dB, 10Hz to 20kHz @ Fs = 44.1kHz
+- 0.04dB, 10Hz to 40kHz @ Fs = 96kHz
oPhase response:
<0.1˚, 10Hz to 1kHz
-1.0˚ at 20kHz

11
oResidual noise (200Hz-20kHz):
< -145dBFS (-123dBu)
oTotal Harmonic Distortion + Noise (measured at 1kHz):
-110dB, with +4dBu input
-114dB, with -10dBu input
•D/A:
oDynamic range (measured with -60dBFS = -38dBu output at 1kHz
(See Figure 6: D/A Dynamic Range on page 40)
122dB (A-weighted), 119dB (unweighted)
oFrequency response (relative to 1kHz):
+- 0.03dB, 10Hz to 20kHz @ Fs = 44.1kHz
+- 0.04dB, 10Hz to 20kHz @ Fs = 96kHz
oPhase response:
<0.5˚, 10Hz to 1kHz
-10˚ at 20kHz
oResidual noise (200Hz-20kHz):
< -145dBFS (-123dBu)
oTHD+N (measured at 1kHz):
-98dB, with +4dBu output
-103dB, with -10dBu output
Clock
•Sample Rate (internal):
44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, 192 kHz
•Sample rate (external):
+- 12.5% vari-speed lock at all rates
•4x BNC Clock Outputs:
75 ohm
5V CMOS drive
•2x BNC Clock Inputs:
75 ohm internal termination
AC coupled
1.2V(p-p) minimum
5V(p-p) maximum, 50mA maximum over-voltage current (20 ohms/volt)
•BNC Clock In to Clock Out Delay:
50ns maximum
Negative edge aligned when synchronized at multiple or submultiple rate

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Digital
•2-Channel S/PDIF:
Dual stacked RCA
Unbalanced, transformer driven output
AC coupled input
•2-Channel AES/EBU:
Transformer isolated, balanced XLR (x4)
Single wire and dual-wire modes (for sample rates above 96kHz)
oAES/SPDIF input bits:
SCMS: Ignored
Preempahsis: Ignored
Professional/consumer: Ignored
oAES/SPDIF output bits:
SCMS: Not set
Preempahsis: Not Set
Professional/consumer: Set to Professional
•2-Channel ADAT Optical:
Dual in-line optical TX/RX (reinforced)
Physical
•Physical dimensions:
1RU standard 19” rack-mount chassis
11.5” depth behind front panel
1” front panel clearance
17” chassis width
Total dimension: 1.75” H, 19” W, 12.5” D
•Thermal:
0˚ C to 50˚ C
•AC Line:
IEC 3-pin power (safety ground ties to chassis at entry point)
100-240VAC, 50-60Hz, auto-sensing
40 Watts
~ All specifications are subject to change without notice ~

13
Front Panel
Figure 1 below displays the names of the 2192 front panel elements along with an index
number. Table 1 below indicates the page number where a complete description of the indexed
item can be found.
Figure 1: Front Panel Elements
# Name Page # Name Page
1Input Level Meters 21 7 AES/SPDIF Switch 25
2Output Level Meters 21 8 Single/Dual Switch 25
3Clock Select 21 9 Digital Outputs
Source Select
25
4Sample Rate Select 23 10 Power Lamp 26
5Clock Status Lamp 24 11 Power Switch 26
6Analog Outputs
DAC Source Select
24
Table 1: Front Panel Index
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

14
Rear Panel
Figure 2 below displays the names of the 2192 rear panel elements along with an index
number. Table 2 below indicates the page number where a complete description of the item can
be found.
Figure 2: Rear Panel Elements
# Name Page # Name Page
1AC Power Input 16 6 Word Clock Inputs 17
2AES/EBU Digital I/O – B 17 7 ADAT Optical Digital I/O 18
3AES/EBU Digital I/O – A 16 8 Analog Line Outputs 18
4S/PDIF Digital I/O 17 9 Analog Line Inputs 18
5Word Clock Outputs 17 10 Analog Line Trims 19
Table 2: Rear Panel Index
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 9
10

15
Block Diagram
Figure 3: Block Diagram

16
Connections
All 2192 connectors are on the rear panel of the unit. The only adjustable controls on the rear
panel are the analog level trims (page 19). Each connector and its function are detailed below.
AC Power Input
AC power is input to the 2192 via a standard, detachable IEC power cable such as the one
supplied with the unit. The auto-sensing, multi-stage filtered, universal power supply accepts input
power from 100VAC to 240VAC, at 50Hz to 60Hz. The third grounding pin is connected to the
chassis internally.
AES/EBU Digital I/O
The AES/EBU digital interfaces of the 2192 use transformer coupled, balanced differential inputs
and outputs for maximum digital signal integrity and jitter immunity. Only the highest-grade
components are used throughout.
Each balanced AES/EBU connector can individually isolate pin 1 from ground if desired via an
internal jumper block. See Ground Isolation Jumpers on page 20.
Both channels of a stereo pair at all supported sample rates can be transferred on a single cable
between compatible hardware units. For compatibility with legacy equipment, dual wire mode is
supported at sample rates of 176.4 and 192kHz.
AES/EBU “A” is used to transfer up to 192kHz stereo audio on single cables, or one channel of
the stereo pair when in dual wire mode. AES/EBU input “B” is used only in dual wire mode.
AES/EBU output “B” is used for one channel in dual wire mode, and replicates AES/EBU output
“A” in single wire mode.
AES/EBU Dual Wire Mode
The 2192 can accommodate sample rates of 176.4kHz and 192kHz in AES/EBU dual wire
mode, transferring one channel of the stereo pair on each of two separate AES/EBU digital
I/O’s. Dual wire mode is controlled by the Single/Dual front panel selector switch (page 25).
When this switch is depressed, the 2192 is in dual wire mode.
AES/EBU Digital Input A
This female XLR jack receives incoming 24-bit stereo AES/EBU digital audio signals up to
192kHz from compatible hardware. When in dual wire mode, the left channel of audio is
received here. Pin 2 is hot.
This input can be used for either digital audio with clock or for digital clock only. When the
Clock knob (page 21) is set to AES/SPDIF and the Digital Outputs knob (page 25) is NOT set to
AES/SPDIF, the audio portion of the signal is ignored.
AES/EBU Digital Output A
This male XLR plug transmits 24-bit stereo AES/EBU digital audio signals up to 192kHz to
compatible hardware. When in dual wire mode, the left channel of audio is transmitted here. Pin
2 is hot.

17
AES/EBU Digital Input B
This female XLR jack receives the right channel of incoming 24 bit 176.4 or 192kHz AES/EBU
digital audio signals at 88.2 or 96kHz when in dual wire mode. In single wire mode, this input
is ignored. Pin 2 is hot.
AES/EBU Digital Output B
In dual wire mode, this male XLR plug transmits one channel of 24 bit 176.4 or 192kHz
AES/EBU digital audio signals at 88.2 and 96kHz. In single wire mode, this output duplicates
the signal on AES/EBU Digital Output A (but is electrically independent). Pin 2 is hot.
S/PDIF Digital I/O
S/PDIF Digital Input
This phono (RCA) connector accepts incoming 24-bit S/PDIF digital audio signals up to 192kHz
from compatible hardware. The copy-protection, pre-emphasis, and consumer/professional bits
are ignored.
This input can be used for either digital audio with clock or for digital clock only. When the
Clock knob (page 21) is set to AES/SPDIF and the Digital Outputs knob (page 25) is NOT set to
AES/SPDIF, the audio portion of the signal is ignored.
S/PDIF Digital Output
This phono (RCA) connector transmits 24-bit S/PDIF digital audio signals up to 192kHz to
compatible hardware. The copy protection bit and pre-emphasis bits are cleared, and the
professional bit is set.
Word Clock I/O
Two separate word clock inputs and four parallel word clock outputs are provided for
synchronizing with external hardware. Connections are via standard 75-ohm BNC connectors.
All input and output signal levels are TTL and CMOS compatible.
Word Clock Outputs 1-4
These outputs transmit independent high-quality word clock at the frequency specified by the
Sample Rate Select (page 23). Four outputs are provided so you can use the 2192 as the master
clock source for multiple devices simultaneously without cascading the clock through external
devices, which can degrade the clock signal.
The word clock signal on each of the four outputs is identical, electrically independent, and
phase aligned to the clock source to allow cascading multiple units without sample skew.
Word Clock Inputs
The Word Clock Inputs receive a standard digital word clock signal for synchronization (slaving)
to external hardware devices. To sync to an external word clock, set the 2192 Clock knob (page
21) to Word 1 or Word 2.
The 2192 supports subclock (1/2x or 1/4x) and overclock (2x and 4x) synchronization to allow
converting signals at multiples or submultiples of the sample rate. For example, a 48kHz house
sync can be used while converting at 96kHz or 192kHz.

18
Superclock (256x) is not supported. Vari-speed sync is supported.
The 2192 BNC word clock inputs each provide an internal 75-ohm terminator.
Word Clock Input 1
This word clock input is used for external synchronization when the Clock knob (page 21) set to
Word 1.
Word Clock Input 2
This word clock input is used for external synchronization when the Clock knob (page 21) set to
Word 2.
ADAT Optical Digital I/O
The 2192 provides standard ADAT digital I/O via this optical interface.
At sample rates of 44.1kHz and 48kHz, only channels 1 and 2 are used. At higher sample
rates, industry standard S-MUX multiplexing is used to maintain high resolution transfers at higher
sampling rates. At 88.2kHz and 96kHz, channels 1-4 are used to achieve the stereo transfer. At
176.4kHz and 192kHz, all 8 channels are used for high resolution stereo audio.
ADAT Optical Input
This optical connector receives digital ADAT optical data from external hardware devices.
ADAT input can be used for either digital audio with clock or for digital clock only. When the
Clock knob (page 21) is set to ADAT and the Digital Outputs knob (page 25) is NOT set to
ADAT, the audio portion of the signal is ignored.
ADAT Optical Output
This optical connector transmits digital ADAT optical data to external hardware devices.
Analog I/O
Each balanced analog connector can individually isolate pin 1 from ground if desired via an
internal jumper block. See Ground Isolation Jumpers on page 20.
The analog inputs and outputs can be adjusted to calibrate signals for different levels as desired.
See Analog Line Trims on page 19.
Analog Line Inputs
Analog signals are input to the left and right channels via these balanced line-level female XLR
connectors. Pin 2 is hot. For unbalanced operation, Pin 3 can be grounded.
The analog inputs are calibrated at the factory so that an analog input level of +4dBu will output
a –18dBFS digital signal, for 18dB of headroom before digital clipping occurs.
Analog Line Outputs
Analog signals are output from the left and right channels via these balanced line-level male XLR
connectors. Pin 2 is hot. For unbalanced operation, Pin 3 can be grounded, and the output level
will be attenuated by 6db.

19
The analog outputs are calibrated at the factory so that a digital signal level of –18dBFS will
output an analog level of +4dBu, for 18dB of headroom. The line outputs can drive high or low
(600ohm) impedance inputs with no changes in level.
Analog Line Trims
The analog line trims are used to calibrate analog I/O signal levels to match external analog
hardware.
The analog I/O are calibrated at the factory so that analog levels of +4dBu correspond to
–18dBFS digital levels, for 18dB of headroom and maximum analog input and output levels of
+22dB. The trims can be adjusted to accommodate maximum levels over a wide range using the
rear panel 15-turn trim potentiometer.
Line Input Trims
These trims are used to calibrate the left and right analog line inputs. Differential shunt
attenuation is used to maintain maximum signal and conversion integrity.
Line Output Trims
These trims are used to calibrate the left and right analog line outputs. Differential shunt
attenuation is used to maintain maximum signal integrity.
Line Trim Procedure
To calibrate the analog inputs, a digital signal meter, and an accurate analog reference
generator with low impedance outputs are required. To calibrate the analog outputs, a digital
signal generator and an accurate analog dB level meter with balanced inputs are required.
Note: Before adjusting the factory calibration levels, make sure your equipment reads the
current calibration values correctly! If your equipment does not match the factory settings, you
will need to find out why before you proceed with recalibration.

20
To calibrate the analog line inputs:
1. Connect the analog reference generator to the analog input channel of the 2192.
2. Connect the digital output of the 2192 to the digital signal meter.
3. Set the reference generator to output a 1kHz sine wave at the desired nominal signal
level. The factory setting is +4dBu.
4. Adjust the input trim until the desired RMS digital level is obtained. The factory setting is -
18dBFS.
5. Repeat these steps for the other channel.
To calibrate the analog line outputs:
1. Connect the digital tone generator to a digital input of the 2192.
2. Connect the analog output channel to the analog level meter.
3. Set the digital signal generator to output a 1kHz sine wave at the desired nominal RMS
signal level. The factory setting is -18dBFS.
4. Adjust the output trim until the desired analog output level is obtained. The factory setting
is +4dBu.
Ground Isolation Jumpers
Each of the eight balanced connectors (the analog and AES/EBU digital I/O) can individually
isolate pin 1 from ground if desired via an internal jumper block.
Table 3 below indicates which internal jumper is used for each balanced connector. Pin 1 is tied
to ground for the connector when the indicated pair of pins is jumpered.
The 2192 is shipped from the factory with pin 1 connected to ground on all eight connectors.
Important: Changes to internal jumpers should only be made by qualified personnel.
Disconnect AC Power before opening the unit!
Connector Jumper Connector Jumper
Analog Input Left JP1 AES/EBU Input A JP9
Analog Input Right JP4 AES/EBU Output A JP10
Analog Output Left JP5 AES/EBU Input B JP11
Analog Output Right JP6 AES/EBU Output B JP12
Pin 1 is tied to ground when a jumper is across the pair of pins.
Table 3: Internal Ground Isolation Jumpers