Waveshare Accessory Shield User manual

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Accessory Shield
User Manual
Overview
Accessory Shield is an Arduino expansion board developed by Waveshare. It
integrates many popular perpheral devices, providing a great support to users in
learning Arduino series products and shortening development period.
Features
5-way joystick
Adjustable
potentiometer
Buzzer
RGB LED
Temperature Sensor
3-axis accelerometer
Extremely accurate
real-time clock
0.96 inch OLED
XBee interface

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1. On-board source
[Interface]
1. Arduino interface
Easy to connect to different main control
boards with Arduino interface.
2. XBee interface
Easy to connect to different XBee
communication modules.
[Device]
3. 0.96inch OLED
Flexible for various display experiments;
resolution: 128×64.
4. RGB LED
RBG LED with 256×256×256 color
display.
5. Buzzer
PWM control function, supports simple
music performance.
6. 10K adjustable potentiometer
7. ADXL345
3-axis accelerometer, measurement
range: ±16g.
8. LM75BDP
Temperature sensor with 0.125℃
accuracy.
9. 5-way joystick
5 action statuses: UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT
and ENTER.
10. XBee status indicator
11. Power light
12. XBee EASYLINK press key
13. Arduino and XBee reset key
14. DS3231
Extremely accurate real-time clock.
15. CR1220 battery socket
Power supply the real-time clock.
16. P9813
RGB LED driver chip
[Jumper]
17. Jumper configuration for
debugging/communication
Connecting TXD to TX, and RXD to RX, the
XBee module can be debugged and
configured by the relative software installed
on the PC via the serial port on the Arduino
main control board;
Connecting TXD to RX, and RXD to TX, the
XBee module can communicate with the
Arduino main control board via the serial
port.

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2. How to use
In this chapter, we will introduce the basic operations of ArduinoIDE in the section 2.1,
including custom library importation, program compiling and uploading. The detailed
operations and experiments of the devices on the board are presented in the section
2.2. The development board we used here is Arduino UNO PLUS. For more detailed
information about this development board, please refer toAppendix.
2.1 Arduino IDE
2.1.1 Library importation
Here we take the Arduino 1.0.6 (free installation) as an example to illustrate how to
import libraries. Firstly, start the software arduino-1.0.6.exe.
Then, click File -> Preferences, to enter the configuration interface.

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Find out the folder libraries, and copy it to the folder pointed by the option
Sketchbook location:
Restart the software, and then click Sketch -> Import Library, to check the library
options: adxl345,ds3231,lm75,rgb_p9813 and ssd1306. If all of them are
available, the libraries are imported successfully.

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2.1.2 Program compiling and uploading
1) Switch the BOOT mode of UNO PLUS development board to OFF, and set
VCC to 5V;
2) Connect the Accessory Shield module to the UNO PLUS development board,
and then the development board to your PC via a USB cable. You can see the
power light on the module lights up when the module is working properly.
3) This document presents the method of program compiling and uploading with
the Demo provided by Arduino IDE. Click File -> Example -> 01.Basics -> Blink,
to open the Demo.

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4) Click Tools -> Board -> Arduino Uno, to select relative Arduino development
board. Since the setting will be saved automatically, you only need to configure
it once.
5) Click Tools -> Serial Port -> COM4, to configure the serial port of the Arduino
development board for uploading. Please take a note that the port number in
used is various with different PCs, so you need to check the actual serial port
number by Device Manager before making the setting. In here, the serial port
number is COM4.

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6) Click the button to start program compiling. If there is no error, the
software will give a prompt “Done compiling” and display the size of generated
file.
7) Click the button to start uploading. When finished, you can see the LED
on the UNO PLUS development board blinking in a frequency of 1Hz if the

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program runs properly.
2.2 Basic experiments
Please make sure the libraries in the Demo are imported correctly, before
performing the basic experiments presented in the sections below.
2.2.1 5-way joystick
The Joystick has 5 action statuses: UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT and ENTER. The
keys relative to different statuses are connected to corresponding Arduino pins. The
key-press can be judged by checking the corresponding IO levels.
Operation and phenomena:
Perform program compiling and uploading, and then click the button to start
the serial port monitor of Arduino IDE. If the program is running properly, the
on-board LED will blink in the frequency of 1Hz, indicating that the whole system
works well. When any key is pressed, the monitor will show the one has been
pressed, for example: you press UP, as the figure shows below.
2.2.2 Adjustable potentiometer
ATMEGA328P-AU is the main control chip of UNO PLUS development board. It has
a wide power voltage range, supporting 3.3V and 5V power supply. With a 10-bitAD
converter embedded, it can provide 2^10=1024 levels of AD conversion. For 3.3V
power supply, the resolution is up to 3300mv /1024 = 3.22mv.When theAD value is
1, it corresponds to the output voltage 3.22mv. For 5V power supply, the resolution

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is 5000mv / 1024 = 4.88mv. When the AD value is 1, it corresponds to the output
voltage 4.88mv.
Accessory Shield provides an on-board 10k adjustable potentiometer with the
maximum adjustable output voltage of 3.3V. When the development board is
powered supply by 3.3V, the ADC output value is in the range of 0 –1023. For 5V
power supply, the ADC resolution is 4.88mv, and the AD value corresponding to
3.3V, the maximum output voltage, is 3300 / 4.88 = 676, so the ADC output value is
in the range of 0 –676 in this case.
Operation and phenomena:
Perform program compiling and uploading, and then click the button to start
theserial port monitor of Arduino IDE. If the program is running properly, the monitor
will display the current ADC value. When the potentiometer is adjusted, the
outputted sample value will change too, as the figure shows below.
2.2.3 Buzzer
In applications, active buzzer can be directly connected to the rated power supply to
work properly. But passivebuzzer, as well as electromagnetic loudspeaker, requires
an audio output circuit to work with. The buzzer we use here is an active buzzer,
which can either perform simple frequency sound with DC power source, or play
simple music withAC power source.
Operation and phenomena:
Perform program compiling and uploading to the board. If the program is running
well, you can hear the buzzer play some simple music.
2.2.4 RGB LED
RGB LED use PWM function to control the brightness generated respectively by

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three LED chips (R, G and B) embedded in the LED light. And the mixture of RGB
can display rich colors.
Operation and phenomena:
Perform program compiling and uploading to the board. If the program is running
well, you can see the RGB LED displays gradient colors.
2.2.5 Temperature sensor: LM75B
The LM75B is a temperature-to-digital converter with I2C interface. In a simple
application design, it only requires a decoupling capacitance to work with.And there
are three selectable logic address pins so that eight devices can be connected on
the same bus without address conflict.
It has the following features:
Pin-for-pin replacement for industry standard LM75 and LM75A;
I2C-bus interface with up to 8 devices on the same bus, frequency range from
20 Hz to 400 kHz with bus fault time-out to prevent hanging up the bus;
Power supply range from 2.8 V to 5.5 V;
Temperatures range from -55℃to 125℃;
11-bit ADC that offers a temperature resolution of 0.125℃;
Temperature accuracy of:
±2℃from -25℃to +100℃;
±3℃from -55℃to 125℃;
Supply current of 1.0A in shutdown mode for power conservation;
ESD protection.
When LM75 servers as a slave, a 7-bit slave address is used.
1= HIGH, 0= LOW
MSB
LSB
1
0
0
1
A2
A1
A0
The pins A2/A1/A0 of this module are tied to Ground, so the slave address is 0x48
in here.
Operation and phenomena:
Perform program compiling and uploading, and then click the button to start
theserial port monitor of Arduino IDE. If the program is running properly, the monitor
will display the current temperature value. Touching LM75 with your hand, you can
see that the outputted sample values change too, as the figure shows below.

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2.2.6 3-axis accelerometer: ADXL345
The ADXL345 of ADI is a small, thin, ultralow power, 3-axis accelerometer with high
resolution (13-bit) measurement at up to ±16 g. Digital output data is formatted as
16-bit twos complement and is accessible through either a SPI (3- or 4-wire) or I2C
digital interface.
The ADXL345 is well suited for mobile device applications. It measures the static
acceleration of gravity in tilt-sensing applications, as well as dynamic acceleration
resulting from motion or shock. Its high resolution (3.9 mg/LSB) enables
measurement of inclination changes less than 1.0°.
It has the following features:
Power supply voltage range: 2.0V to 3.6V;
I/O voltage range: 1.7V to VCC;
Temperature range: -40℃to +85℃;
Dimensions: 3mm x 5mm x 1mm, LGApackage.
Operation and phenomena:
Perform program compiling and uploading, and then click the button to start
theserial port monitor of Arduino IDE. If the program is running properly, the monitor
will display the current accelerated velocity of the development board based on the
3-axis space position. When you rotate the development board, the outputted
sample value will change too, as the figure shows below.

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2.2.7 Extremely accurate real-time clock: DS3231
The DS3231 is a low-cost, extremely accurate I2C real-time clock (RTC) with an
integrated temperature compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) and crystal. The
device incorporates a battery input, and maintains accurate timekeeping when main
power to the device is interrupted. The integration of the crystal resonator enhances
the long-term accuracy of the device.
The RTC maintains seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month, and year
information. The date at the end of the month is automatically adjusted for months
with fewer than 31 days, including corrections for leap year.
It has the following features:
Operating voltage range: 2.3V to 5.5V;
Operating temperature range:
Commercial: 0℃to +70℃;
Industrial: -40℃to +85℃;
Accuracy ±2ppm from 0°C to +40°C;
Accuracy ±3.5ppm from -40℃to +85℃.
Operation and phenomena:
Perform program compiling and uploading, and then click the button to start
the serial port monitor of Arduino IDE. This Demo performs two functions: outputting
current time information and setting new time via the serial port.
As the figure shows below:
Arrow 1 points to the position for inputting new time setting. The new time should be
set in a specified format with 15 characters length, such as 020150207143000, in
which the first character is 0, then the followings are the settings of year(2015),
month(02), date(07), hours(14), minutes(30) and seconds(00). When finished the
new time setting, click the button Send pointed by Arrow 2. You will see that the

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time information is updated to the new one (pointed by Arrow 3). Notices that the
time format should be set in 24-hour system and thewhole data length is of 15
characters. For example, February is written into 02, and the like.
2.2.8 0.96 inch OLED: SSD1306
Accessory Shield is provided with a 0.96 inch 128 x 64 OLED display module. It has
the following features:
Driver chip: SSD1306;
Interface: I2C;
Color: yellow and blue;
Active display area: >160°;
Operating temperature range: -20℃to 70℃;
Storage temperature range: -30℃to 80℃.
Operation and phenomena:
Perform program compiling and uploading to the board. The relative Demo shows
the basic drawing operations, including lines, circles and rectangle boxes drawings.
2.2.9 XBee interface
XBee of MaxStream is a wireless communication module based on ZigBee
technology. In an easy-to-use design, it can automatically transmit the inputted data
to another XBee module by wireless connection.And it also supportsAT commands
for advance configuration.
Preparation:
Prepare two XBee modules, two Accessory Shields and two Arduino UNO PLUS
development boards. In this document, we will divide them into two groups: GroupA

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and Group B, of which Group A includes XBee-A, Accessory Shield-Aand Arduino
development board-A, and Group B includes XBee-B, Accessory Shield-B and
Arduino development board-B.
Operation and phenomena:
1) Insert the XBee-A into the XBee interfaces of Accessory Shield-A, and insert
the XBee-B into the XBee interfaces of Accessory Shield-B respectively. Then,
connect the Accessory Shield-A to the Arduino development board-A, and the
Accessory Shield-B to the Arduino development board-B respectively. Power
up the Arduino development boards, and connect them to your PC via USB
cables.
2) Set Accessory Shield jumpers:
Connect TXD toTX;
Connect RXD to RX.
Notices: The USB interface, TX and RX pins of Arduino development
board will be used in the processes described below, so please make
sure that the program running on the Arduino development board does
not occupy any serial port. If it does, please download and rewrite a new
program, such as buzzer Demo, to the board.
3) Start X-CTU software to configure XBee module on your PC.
4) Select the corresponding COM port in PC Settings bar, and set relative
parameters, such as baud rate. The factory default settings of XBee module is
as followed:
Baud: 9600;
Data Bits: 8;
Flow Control: NONE;
Parity: NONE;
Stop Bits: 1.
To make sure XBee module can operate properly, the relative settings of it

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should be configured correctly. You can configure the XBee module by X-CTU
tool, or by AT commands via a serial terminal. This document will introduce how
to use X-CUT tool to configure XBee merely.
5) Click the button Test/Query to test whether the software is connected to the
XBee module properly. Normally, we will see the dialog box popped out, as
figure shows below. If it cannot communicate with the XBee module but all the
communication parameters are set correctly, please check the USB connection
and the jumper settings on the Arduino development board and the XBee
module.
6) After a successful test, select the option Modem Configuration. Then, click
the button Read to get the current parameters of the XBee module.

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XBee-A configuraton

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a) Select the option ZIBGEE ROUTER/END DEVICE AT under
the pull-down menu Function Set;
b) Click the button Show Defaults;
c) Select the option PAN ID and modify its parameter to 1234;
d) Click the button Write to finish the setting of XBee-A.
XBee-B configuration

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e) Select the option ZIBGEE ROUTER/END DEVICE AT under
the pull-down menu Function Set;
f) Click the button Show Defaults;
a) Select the option PAN ID and modify its parameter to 1234;
b) Select the option Channel Verification(JV), and modify its
parameter to 1-ENABLED;
c) Click the button Write to finish the setting of XBee-B.
7) Configure XBee-A and XBee-B according to the processes described above.
When finished, start two X-CTU tools, and select different COM interfaces in
the option PC Settings to control Group Aand Group B respectively.
8) Input the data to be transmitted in the X-CTU Terminal of XBee-A, then, you
can find that the inputted data will be sent to XBee-B automatically, and
displayed in the X-CTU Terminal of XBee-B. In the X-CTU, data in blue is the
data to be sent, and data in red is the received data.
9) The figure above shows the normal operating state of XBee module. You can
use XBee modules to perform wireless communication in Arduino projects. It is
easy to done, transmitting the data to be sent to XBee-A via the serial port of
Arduino development board-A, then, receiving the data by XBee-B and reading
it out on PC via the serial port of Arduino development board-B.
Notices: In this operation, you should set the jumpers of Accessory
Shield:
Connect TXD to RX;
Connect RXD to TX.

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3. Appendix:
3.1 Arduino UNO PLUS
Arduino UNO PLUS is a development board based on ATMEGA328P-AU. It is
compatible with Arduino UNO R3 development board, and has some improvements
based on UNO R3.
For more information about Arduino UNO PLUS development board referred in this
document, please refer to the links listed below:
Chinese datasheet: http://www.waveshare.net/shop/UNO-PLUS.htm
English datasheet: http://www.waveshare.com/product/UNO-PLUS.htm