Yaesu FT-991A User manual
HF/VHF/UHF All Mode Transceiver
FT-991
Operating Manual
The is a leading-edge transceiver with a number of new and exciting features, some of which may be unfamil-
iar to you. In order to gain the most enjoyment and operating eciency from your , we recommend that you
read this manual in its entirety, and keep it handy for reference as you explore the many capabilities of your new trans-
ceiver.
Before using your , be sure to read and follow the instructions in the “Before You Begin” section of this manu-
al.
About TFT Displays
utilizes a TFT liquid-crystal display.
• Although TFT liquid-crystal displays are made using very precise technology, they are prone to develop
dead pixels (dark dot) or pixels that are always on (bright dot). Please understand that such phenomena
do not constitute product defects or malfunctions. Rather, this phenomena occurs due to limitations in the
manufacturing technology with respect to TFT liquid-crystal displays.
• Depending on the viewing angle, unevenness in color or brightness may occur. Please note that any uneven-
ness observed is inherent to the construction of TFT liquid crystal displays and therefore does not constitute
a product defect or malfunction.
• If your TFT liquid-crystal display becomes dirty, please use a dry soft cloth or tissue to wipe the display
clean. Use of glass cleaner, household cleaners, organic solvents, alcohol, abrasives, and/or like substance
may damage the TFT liquid-crystal display.
Page 1FT-991
The is equipped with a 3.5 inch full-color TFT
display. Functions, including the receiving band, the noise
and signal interference reduction tools are graphically
displayed. Even while performing rigorous operations,
during DX pditions or contests, the operator may instantly
grasp the status of each function.
This transceiver C4FM mode provides good error cor-
rection performance, and supports the V/D mode (voice/
data simultaneous transmission mode)which makes the
transceiver suitable for mobile communication, and the
Voice FR mode (voice full rate mode)which allows the
transceiver to transmit high quality digital audio. The AMS
function recognizes the contacting stations transmission
method and automatically switches the transceiver to the
same C4FM digital or analog (FM)communications mode
as the received signal.
The two-digit DG-ID numbers (00 to 99) can be set
separately for Transmit and Receive. By setting both
transmit and receive to “00”, communication with all
the other stations in the digital C4FM mode is possible,
regardless of their DG-ID number setting. Matching the
transmit DG-ID number to the uplink DG-ID number set
in the DR-2X System Fusion II digital repeater, will permit
access to the digital repeater DR-2X used by the club.
Every C4FM digital transmit communication contains
the individual ID information (Radio ID) of each
transceiver. The DP-ID function uses this individual ID
information. When the DP-IDs of the transceiver are
registered with each other, they can communicate even
if the DG-ID numbers are dierent. By registering the
DP-ID of the transceiver to the DR-2X System Fusion II
digital repeater, the digital repeater may be controlled by
remote operation.
The transceiver automatically checks the channel fre-
quency for registered member stations that are within com-
municating range. The distance and direction information
of the call sign members of the group may be shown on
the TFT display.
This transceiver is equipped with two types of roong l-
ters for 3 kHz and 15 kHz bandwidths. These narrow band
lters are especially useful on a very crowded band during
contests, because they can dramatically attenuate powerful
out-of-band signals in the rst IF stage and reduce their
impact in the second stage to further optimizing the excel-
lent dynamic range and IP3 characteristics for processing
signals ranging from faint to powerful.
Congure the front end RF circuitry for the precise gain and
performance to suit the conditions of each HF band.Select
the IPO (Intercept Point Optimization)feature to optimize
the proximal multi-signal and mutual modulation character-
istics in order to minimize the eects of powerful broadcast
stations, especially in the low-band so that even the faintest
signals can be received. When higher gain is advantageous,
select the single low noise RF amplier AMP1. In the high
bands, adding AMP2 provides maximum useful gain.
The 30.225 MHz standard oscillator provides exceptional
frequency stability. It is temperature compensated and boasts
an enhanced ±0.5 ppm stability from −10°C to +50°C.
The SHIFT feature, can eliminate interference in one side
of the passband. The WIDTH feature allows the bandwidth
to be narrowed by rotating the WIDTH knob. The moment
weak signals disappear due to interfering signals (includ-
ing pile-ups), you can eliminate the interfering signals and
extract only the desired signal, thanks to the unique DSP
sharp ltering characteristic.
Rather than using the DSP extremely sharp attenuation
characteristics, the CONTOUR circuit provides gentle
shaping of the DSP passband lter and can thus attenuate
or peak bandwidth components in segments. The interfer-
ing signal can be naturally shaped without having part of
the signal suddenly interrupted. The contour function is
very eective in making the desired signal rise out of the
interference.
Page 2 FT-991
The incorporated digital noise reduction circuit may be
set to the optimal working point by varying the 15 step
parameters according to the noise type.
When interfering beat signals are present in the receiver
passband, the IF NOTCH feature can signicantly elimi-
nate a part of the passband and remove the beat signal.
Moreover, the function is equipped with an Automatic
Tracking System DNF (Digital Notch Filter)that can
be engaged by DSP when there are multiple interfering
signals, even when the frequency is changing.
In the HF/50MHz frequency range, a pair of RD100HHF1
transistors in a push-pull RF amplier arrangement deliv-
ers 100 watts of low-distortion, high-quality transmitter
power. The nal amplier for the 144 MHz/430 MHz
bands uses the high-output RDH70HUF2 device, provid-
ing ample output power of 50 watts.
The microphone amplier equalizer feature is equipped
with a three-stage parametric equalizer that can alter the
Low, Mid, and High frequencies of the audio separately;
this feature permits the bandwidth and gain for each part of
the audio spectrum to be precisely adjusted independently.
The spectrum scope function provides a visual display of
the strength and distribution of signals across the band in
real time. The Waterfall Display Mode portrays color dif-
ferentiation between strong and weak signals.
The transceiver is equipped with the relay switching high
speed digital tuner which supports 1.8 MHz to 50 MHz.
The large 100-channel tuning data memory allows im-
mediate recall of the optimum matching conditions for
previously tuned frequencies.
You can use the 5 channel voice memory function which
is useful for operating in contests, etc. This voice memory
enables recording of up to 20 seconds of audio for each
message you want to send.
This feature lets you select any Menu item for one-touch
access via the button.
Page 3FT-991
General Description ............................................. 1
Table of Contents ................................................. 3
Safety Precautions................................................ 5
Accessories & Options ......................................... 7
Supplied Accessories ............................................7
Available Options .................................................8
Before You Begin .................................................. 9
Base Station Wire Stand .......................................9
Adjusting the Main Tuning Dial Torque...............9
Adjusting the Clock............................................10
Inputting the Call Sign........................................ 11
Resetting the Microprocessor .............................12
Antenna Considerations......................................13
About Coaxial Cable ..........................................13
Grounding...........................................................14
Connection of Antenna and Power Cables .........15
Installation and Interconnections..................... 16
Connection of Microphone, Headphone and
Remote Control Keypad ...16
Key, Keyer, and Computer-Driven Keying
Interconnections ...17
VL-1000 Linear Amplier Interconnections ......18
Plug/Connector Pinout Diagrams .......................19
Front Panel Controls & Switches ..................... 20
About the Display............................................... 24
TFT Liquid Crystal Display ...............................24
LED Indicators ...................................................26
Rear Panel........................................................... 27
MH-31A8J Microphone Switches..................... 29
Optional MH-36E8J Microphone Switches..... 31
Basic Operation: Receiving on Amateur Bands
... 32
Operation on 60-Meter (5 MHz)Band
(U.S. and U.K. version only)...35
CLAR (Clarier)Operation ...............................36
LOCK .................................................................37
DIMMER............................................................37
VFO COLOR......................................................38
Convenience Features........................................ 39
Band Stack Operation.........................................39
C.S (Custom Switch)..........................................39
AMS (Automatic Mode Select)Operation.........40
SCOPE................................................................42
More Frequency Navigation Techniques............44
Receiver Operation (Front End Block Diagram)
...46
Interference Rejection ....................................... 47
ATT (Attenuator)................................................47
IPO (Intercept Point Optimization)....................48
IF Noise Blanker (NB)Operation ......................49
CONTOUR Control Operation...........................50
IF SHIFT Operation
(SSB/CW/RTTY/DATA Modes)...51
WIDTH (IF DSP Bandwidth)Tuning
(SSB/CW/RTTY/DATA Modes)...52
NARROW (NAR)One-Touch IF Filter Selection
...54
IF NOTCH Filter Operation
(SSB/CW/RTTY/DATA/AM Modes).................55
Digital NOTCH Filter (DNF)Operation............56
Digital Noise Reduction (DNR)Operation ........56
Tools for Comfortable and Eective Reception
... 57
RF Gain ..............................................................57
Audio Peak Filter................................................58
AGC (Automatic Gain Control).........................59
Adjustable Receiver Audio Filter .......................60
SSB/AM Mode Transmission ............................ 61
Using the Automatic Antenna Tuner................ 63
ATU Operation ................................................... 63
About ATU Operation.........................................64
Enhancing Transmit Signal Quality................. 65
Parametric Microphone Equalizer
(SSB/AM mode)...65
Using the Speech Processor (SSB Mode)..........68
Adjusting the SSB Transmitted Bandwidth
(SSB Mode)...69
Transmitter Convenience Features .................. 70
Voice Memory (SSB/AM modes).......................70
VOX (SSB/AM/FM Modes: Automatic
TX/RX Switching using Voice Control)...72
MONITOR (SSB/AM modes)............................74
Split Operation Using the TX Clarier...............75
Split-Frequency Operation .................................76
CW Mode Operation ......................................... 78
Setup for Straight Key
(and Straight Key emulation)Operation ...78
Using the Built-in Electronic Keyer ...................80
CW Convenience Features ................................ 84
CW Spotting (Zero-Beating)..............................84
CW Delay Time Setting......................................85
CW Pitch Adjustment .........................................85
Contest Memory Keyer ......................................86
FM Mode Operation .......................................... 93
Basic Operation ..................................................93
Repeater Operation.............................................94
DCS Operation ...................................................96
Tone Squelch Operation .....................................96
C4FM Mode (Digital Mode)Operation ........... 97
DG-ID/DP-ID Features...................................... 99
Digital Group ID (DG-ID) feature......................99
Digital Personal ID (DP-ID) feature.................101
Memory Operation .......................................... 103
Convenient Memory functions .........................103
QMB (Quick Memory Bank)...........................103
Standard Memory Operation ............................ 104
Memory Groups................................................ 110
Page 4 FT-991
Operation on Alaska Emergency Frequency:
5167.5 khz (U.S. Version Only)
... 112
VFO and Memory Scanning ........................... 113
VFO Scanning .................................................. 113
Memory Scan.................................................... 114
PMS (Programmable Memory Scanning) ..... 115
Using the GPS Function .................................. 116
What is GPS?.................................................... 116
Positioning Using GPS ..................................... 116
Displaying the Position Information ................ 118
Using the GM / WIRES-X Function............... 119
What is the GM Function? ............................... 119
Basic Methods to Use the GM Function .......... 119
What is the WIRES-X Function? ..................... 119
RTTY (Radio Teletype)Operation ................. 120
Example of Connecting
RTTY Communications Device ...120
DATA (PSK)Operation ................................... 122
Example of Data Communications Device ......122
Menu Mode....................................................... 124
Installation of Optional Accessories ............... 143
FC-40 External Automatic Antenna Tuner
(for Wire Antenna)...143
Active-Tuning Antenna System
(ATAS-120A)Operation...145
Mounting Bracket MMB-90 Installation..........147
Specications .................................................... 148
Index.................................................................. 150
Page 5FT-991
Note beforehand that the company shall not be liable for any damages suered by the customer or third parties in using
this product, or for any failures and faults that occur during the use or misuse of this product, unless otherwise provided
for under the law.
DANGER This symbol indicates the possibility of death or serious injury being inflicted on the user and the
surrounding people when these instructions are ignored and the product is mishandled.
WARNING This symbol indicates the possibility of death or serious injury being inflicted on the user and the
surrounding people when these instructions are ignored and the product is mishandled.
CAUTION
This symbol indicates the possibility of physical impediments occurring or impediments being in-
flicted on the user and the surrounding people when these instructions are ignored and the product
is mishandled.
Prohibited actions that must not be attempted, in order to use this radio safely.
For example, signifies that disassembly is prohibited.
Precautions that must be adhered to in order to use this radio safely. For example, signifies that the power supply
is to be disconnected.
DANGER
This may exert an impact on electronic and medi-
cal devices.
Doing so may result in fire and explosion.
Make sure to stop the car in a safe location first
before use if the device is going to be used by
the driver.
If not, this may result in fire, electric shock and
equipment failure.
Electromagnetic waves from the device may af-
fect the medical device, resulting in accidents
caused by malfunctions.
There is a risk of chemical burns occurring when
the liquid comes into contact with the skin or gets
into the eyes. In this case, seek medical treat-
ment immediately.
This may result in injury, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
WARNING
Doing so may result in fire and electric shock.
This may cause the temperature of the main body
to rise and result in burns and failures due to
overheating.
This may result in injury, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
This may result in injury, liquid leak, electric shock
and equipment failure.
Doing so may result in fire and equipment failure.
This may result in fire, liquid leak, overheating,
damage, ignition and equipment failure. Please
contact our company customer support or the re-
tail store where you purchased the device.
This may result in fire, liquid leak, overheating,
breakage, ignition etc.
This may result in fire, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
This may cause short-circuiting and result in igni-
tion and fire.
Page 6 FT-991
This may result in fire, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
This may result in fire, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
This may result in fire, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
This may result in fire, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
This may cut or damage the cables and result in
fire, electric shock and equipment failure.
Please hold the plug or connector when unplug-
ging. If not, this may result in fire, electric shock
and equipment failure.
Continuous exposure to loud volumes may result
in hearing impairment.
Please contact our company customer support or
the retail store where you purchased the device
as this may result in fire, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
This may result in fire, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
For safety reasons, please pull the power plug of
the DC power equipment connected to the prod-
uct out of the AC socket.
Never touch the antenna as well. This may result
in fire, electric shock and equipment failure due
to thunder.
CAUTION
This may result in deformation and discoloration.
Doing so may result in fire and equipment failure.
Long-term exposure to electromagnetic radiation
may have a negative effect on the human body.
Please use a soft and dry piece of cloth to wipe
away the stains on the case.
If not, this may result in injuries to children.
This may damage the power cord and connection
cables, resulting in fire and electric shock.
This may result in electromagnetic interference.
If not, this may result in equipment failure.
The device may not be able to receive transmis-
sions normally due to the influence of noises from
the electrical devices (inverters etc.)fitted in the
car.
This may result in hearing impairment.
If not, this may result in fire and overheating.
This may result in equipment failure.
The data in the cash card and video tape etc. may
be erased.
The device may fall over or drop, resulting in fire,
injury and equipment failure.
If not, this may result in equipment failure.
If not, this may result in equipment failure.
When used for a long period of time, the tempera-
ture of the heat radiating parts will get higher, re-
sulting in burns when touched.
This may result in injury, electric shock and equip-
ment failure.
Page 7FT-991
DC Power Cord Hand Microphone ()Spare Fuse (25A)
Operating Manual
Warranty Card
World Map
Sticker
The illustrations above may vary slightly from the actual accessories.
Page 8 FT-991
For details, see “Installation of Optional Accessories” on page 143 or the catalog.
Reference Microphone
Lightweight Stereo Headphone
Remote Control Keypad
Linear Amplier/AC Power Supply
External Automatic Antenna Tuner
Others
Hand Microphone (equivalent to the supplied microphone)
DTMF Hand Microphone
Dual Element Microphone
Ultra-High-Fidelity Desktop Microphone
Desktop Microphone
Active Tuning Antenna (Automatic Type)
Antenna Base Kit
Active Tuning Antenna (Manual Type)
Mobile Bracket
External Power Supply (13.8 VDC 23 A) (U.S.A. only)
External Power Supply (13.8 VDC 25 A)
Linear Amplier Connection Cable
Packet Interface Cable
Page 9FT-991
The heavy wire stand on the bottom of the transceiver allows the transceiver to be tilted upward for better viewing. Sim-
ply fold the stand forward to raise the front of the transceiver, and fold it back against the bottom case to lower the front
of the .
The torque (drag)of the Main Tuning Dial knob may be adjusted according to your preferences. Rotate the skirt at the
base of the knob clockwise to reduce the drag, or counter-clockwise to increase the drag.
Skirt
Page 10 FT-991
Use the following procedure to adjust the clock shown at the top right of the LCD display.
1. Press and hold the button.
2. Touch
[]on the LCD.
3. Enter the present time with the number keys on the
LCD, then touch [].
4. Touch
[]on the LCD to switch the screen.
5. Enter month, day, and year with the number keys on
the LCD, then touch [].
6. Touch
[]on the LCD to return to the setup
mode display.
7. Press the button to return to the
radio operation display.
[]
Sets the time display. Touching this button toggles be-
tween UTC (Coordinated Universal Time)and the local
time. When UTC is displayed, “Z” appears on the right
side of the time.
The user may decide the time preference.
The Local or UTC time must be set manually; the
time does not adjust automatically when the setting is
switched between Local and UTC time.
Only the “Z” indicator for UTC is changed.
[]
Sets the date display. Touching this button toggles be-
tween MM/DD/YYYY and YYYY/MM/DD.
[]
Touching this button switches daylight saving time be-
tween ON and OFF. When daylight saving time is set to
on, “D” appears on the right side of the time.
MENU(SETUP)button
LCD
Page 11FT-991
When turning on the power for the rst time after purchase, or after resetting the transceiver, enter your own call sign.
The call sign will be displayed on the start screen when turning on the power and will be used to identify the station
when sending messages during digital communication.
1. Press and hold the button.
2. Touch
[]on the LCD.
MENU(SETUP)button
LCD
The time duration of the initial call sign start up
screen display may be changed from the Menu item
“005 MY CALL INDICATION”.
3. Touch a character key. The touched character will be
displayed at the top of the screen. Enter each charac-
ter of your call sign.
Up to 10 characters (letters, numbers, and sym-
bols)can be entered.
4. Touch
[]on the LCD. The call sign setting is
completed and the display will switch to the frequen-
cy display screen.
Page 12 FT-991
()
Use this procedure to reset (clear)the previously stored
Memory channels, without aecting any conguration
changes you may have made to the Menu settings.
1. Press the front panel switch to turn the
transceiver o.
2. While holding the A
button in, press and hold
in the front panel switch to turn the trans-
ceiver on. Once the transceiver comes on, you may
release the buttons.
The cannot erase the memory channels “01”
(and “5-01” through “5-10”: U.S. version).
Use this procedure to restore the Menu settings to their
factory defaults, without affecting the programmed
memories.
1. Press the front panel switch to turn the
transceiver o.
2. While holding the button in, press
and hold in the front panel switch to turn
the transceiver on. Once the transceiver comes on,
release the buttons.
Use this procedure to restore all Menu and Memory set-
tings except SETUP settings (MY CALL, LAT/LON,
TIME/DATE, and CW TEXT) to their original factory
defaults . All Memories will be cleared by this proce-
dure.
1. Press the front panel switch to turn the
transceiver o.
2. While holding the F(M-LIST) in, press and hold in
the front panel switch to turn the trans-
ceiver on. Once the transceiver comes on, release the
buttons.
Use this procedure to restore all Menu and Memory set-
tings to their original factory defaults. All Memories will
be cleared by this procedure.
1. Press the front panel switch to turn the
transceiver o.
2. While holding the and buttons in,
press and hold in the front panel switch to
turn the transceiver on. Once the transceiver comes
on, release the buttons.
A
M buttonON/OFF Switch
MENU(SETUP)ButtonON/OFF Switch
F(M-LIST) ButtonON/OFF Switch
FAST Button LOCK ButtonON/OFF Switch
Page 13FT-991
The is designed for use with any antenna system providing a 50 Ohm resistive impedance at the desired op-
erating frequency. While minor excursions from the 50-Ohm specication are of no consequence, if the Standing Wave
Ratio (SWR)present at the Antenna jack is greater than 3:1, the transceiver’s Automatic Antenna Tuner may not be able
to reduce the impedance mismatch to an acceptable value.
Every eort should be made to ensure that the impedance of the antenna system be as close as possible to the specied
50-Ohm value. Note that the “G5RV” type antenna does not provide a 50-Ohm impedance on all HF Amateur bands. An
external wide-range antenna coupler must be used with this antenna type.
Any antenna to be used with the must be fed from the transceiver with 50 Ohm coaxial cable. Therefore,
when using a “balanced” antenna such as a dipole, remember that a balun or other matching/balancing device must be
used to ensure proper antenna performance.
The same precautions apply to any additional (receive-only)antennas connected to the antenna jacks. If the receive only
antennas do not have impedance near 50 Ohms at the operating frequency, It may be necessary to install an external an-
tenna tuner to obtain optimum performance.
Use high-quality 50-Ohm coaxial cable for the lead-in to your transceiver. All eorts at providing an ecient
antenna system will be wasted if poor quality, lossy coaxial cable is used. This transceiver utilizes standard “M” (“PL-
259”)type connectors.
Page 14 FT-991
The transceiver, like any other HF communications apparatus, requires an eective ground system for maxi-
mum electrical safety and best communications eectiveness. A good ground system can contribute to station eciency
in a number of ways:
It can minimize the possibility of electrical shock to the operator.
It can minimize RF currents owing on the shield of the coaxial cable and the chassis of the transceiver. Such cur-
rents may lead to radiation, which can cause interference to home entertainment devices or laboratory test equip-
ment.
It can minimize the possibility of erratic transceiver/accessory operation caused by RF feedback and/or improper
current ow through logic devices.
An eective earth ground system may take several forms. For a more complete discussion, see an appropriate RF engi-
neering text. The information below is intended only as a guideline.
Typically, the ground connection consists of one or more copper-clad steel rods, driven into the ground. If multiple
ground rods are used, they should be positioned in a “V” conguration and bonded together at the base of the “V” which
is nearest the station location. Use a heavy, braided cable (such as the discarded shield from type RG-213 coaxial cable)
and strong cable clamps to secure the braided cable(s)to the ground rods. Be sure to weatherproof the connections
to ensure many years of reliable service. Use the same type of heavy, braided cable for the connections to the station
ground bus (described below).
Inside the station, a common ground bus consisting of a copper pipe of at least 25 mm diameter should be used. An al-
ternative station ground bus may consist of a wide copper plate (single-sided circuit board material is ideal)secured to
the bottom of the operating desk. Grounding connections from individual transceivers, power supplies, and data com-
munications devices (TNCs, etc.)should be made directly to the ground bus using a heavy, braided cable.
Do not “Daisy-Chain” ground connections from one electrical device to another and thence to the ground bus. This
method may nullify any attempt at eective radio frequency grounding. See the drawing below for examples of proper
grounding techniques.
Inspect the ground system - inside the station as well as outside - on a regular basis to ensure continued performance
and safety.
Besides following the above guidelines carefully, note that household or industrial gas lines must never be used in an
attempt to establish an electrical ground. Cold water pipes may, in some instances, help in the grounding eort, but gas
lines represent a signicant explosion hazard, and must never be used.
GND
Linear
Amplifier
GND
TNC
GND
Transceiver
GND
Transceiver
GND
Linear
Amplifier
GND
TNC
"Daisy Chain"
GND
Linear
Amplifier
GND
TNC
GND
Transceiver
GND
Transceiver
GND
Linear
Amplifier
GND
TNC
"Daisy Chain"
Page 15FT-991
Please follow the outline in the illustration regarding the proper connection of antenna coaxial cables, as well as the DC
power cable. The DC power connector for the
must only be connected to a DC source providing 13.8 Volts DC
(±15 %), and capable of at least 23 Amperes of current. Always observe proper polarity when making DC connection:
The RED DC power lead connects to the Positive (+)DC terminal.
The BLACK DC power lead connects to the Negative (–)DC terminal.
We recommend the use of the (USA market only)AC Power Supply. Other models of power supplies may
be used with the , but the 13.8 VDC input voltage, 23 Ampere current capability, and DC cable polarity guide-
lines described above must be strictly followed.
Note that other manufacturers may use the same type of DC power connections as the transceiver; however,
the wiring configuration may be different from that specified for the transceiver. Serious damage can be
caused if improper DC connections are made; consult with a qualied service technician when in doubt.
High RF voltage is present in the TX RF section of the transceiver while transmitting.
Absolutely! Do not touch the TX RF section while transmitting.
Permanent damage can result when improper supply voltage, or reverse-polarity voltage, is applied to the
. The Limited Warranty on this transceiver does not cover damage caused by application of AC voltage, re-
verse polarity DC, or DC voltage outside the specied range of 13.8 V ±15 %. When replacing fuses, be certain
to use a fuse of the proper rating. The requires a 25 Amp blade fuse.
Do not place the in a location with direct exposure to sunshine.
Do not place the in a location exposed to dust and/or high humidity.
Ensure adequate ventilation around the , to prevent heat build-up and possible reduction of performance
due to high heat.
Do not install the on an unstable desk or table. Do not place it in a location where objects may fall onto it
from above.
To minimize the possibility of interference to home entertainment devices, take all precautionary steps including
separation of TV/FM antennas from Amateur transmitting antennas to the greatest extent possible, and keep trans-
mitting coaxial cables separated from cables connected to home entertainment devices.
Ensure that the DC power cord is not subject to undue stress or bending, which could damage the cable or cause it to
be accidentally unplugged from the rear panel jack.
Be certain to install your transmitting antenna(s)so they cannot possibly come in contact with TV/FM radio or other
antennas, or with power or telephone lines.
Check the DC volt-
age and current
rating (+13.8 V, 23 A)of the
power supply before con-
necting to the transceiver.
To prevent damage from lightning, at-
mospheric electricity, electrical shock
etc., please provide a good earth ground.
Use a short, thick, braided cable to connect your
station equipment to the
buried ground rod (or
alternative earth ground
system).
Page 16 FT-991
Lightweight Stereo
Headphone
YH-77STA
DOWN
UP
+5V
MIC GND
MIC
PTT
GND
FAST
Make sure to turn o the power of the transceiver before connecting or disconnecting the microphone.
Remote Control Keypad
FH-2
If the plug is removed from the jack
while the is in operation, the
may be switched to the transmit mode.
Turn o the power of the before connecting
or disconnecting the .
Page 17FT-991
The includes many features for the CW operator. These functions will be detailed in the “CW Mode Opera-
tion” section later. This 3.5 mm, 3-contact jack accepts a CW key or keyer paddles (for the built-in electronic keyer), or
the output from an external electronic keyer.
The Menu selections permit conguring the front panel KEY jack according to the device connected. For example, a
keyer paddle may be connected to the front panel KEY jack, and Menu item “012 KEYER TYPE” used to select paddle
input.
The KEY jack on the utilize “Positive” keying voltage. Key-up voltage is approximately +3.3V DC, and key-
down current is approximately 4 mA. When connecting a key or other device to the KEY jack, use only a 3-contact
(“stereo”)3.5 mm phone plug; a 2-contact plug will place a short between the ring and shaft (ground)of the plug, result-
ing in a constant “key-down” condition in some circumstances.
Single key/Double-speed key Manipulator
DOT DASH COMMON
DOT DASH COMMON
KEY
KEY
NC GND
GND
If the Keyer plug is removed from the jack while the is in operation,
the may be switched to the transmit mode.
Turn o the power of the before connecting or disconnecting the Keyer.
Page 18 FT-991
Be sure that both the and are turned o, and then follow the installation recommendations contained
in the illustration.
Refer to the Operating Manual for details regarding amplier operation.
Do not attempt to connect or disconnect coaxial cables when your hands are wet.
Set the Menu item “141 TUNER SELECT” to “LAMP”.
Since the ALC cable is connected to the jack, the optional cannot be connected.
DC 13.8 V
CT-58 ALC Cable (Option)
CT-58 Band Data Cable (Option)
144/430MHz Antenna HF/50MHz Antenna
Coaxial Cable (50Ω)
Connect to “INPUT 1” of the VL-1000
INPUT
BAND-DATA 1
ALC 1
TUN/LIN
REM/ALC
GND
GND
VP-1000
VP-1000 CONTROL
DC 48V IN
ANT 1
ANT 2
ANT 3
INPUT 1
ANT
144/430MHz
ANT
HF/50MHz
To link the and
Power switches, set the
VL-1000 REMOTE switch to
the “ON” position.
Set the front panel’s
switch to the
“INPUT1”.
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