ZES ZIMMER LMG450 User manual

4 Channel LMG450
Power Meter
User manual
Status: 2009/02/17

© Copyright 2009
ZES ZIMMER Electronic Systems GmbH
Tabaksmühlenweg 30
D-61440 Oberursel (Taunus), FRG
phone ++49 (0)6171 628750
fax ++49 (0)6171 52086
e-mail: [email protected]
Internet: http://www.zes.com
No part of this document may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without the
permission in writing from ZES ZIMMER Electronic Systems GmbH.
Regard DIN 34!
We reserve the right to implement technical changes at any time, particularly where these
changes will improve the performance of the instrument.

Test Certification
Instrument Type:
Serial Number:
ZES ZIMMER Electronic Systems GmbH certifies the above instrument to comply with
all specifications contained in the delivered user manual. It has left the factory in
mechanically and electrically safe condition.
The measuring instruments, tools and standards used in production, adjustment and
calibration are calibrated according to ISO9000 (traceable to national standards) and
correspond to the standard of precision required to maintain the specified accuracies.
Date Tabaksmühlenweg 30
D-61440 Oberursel
Germany
Quality Control

Request/order for a calibration
Instrument: { LMG90 { LMG95 { LMG310
{ LMG450 { LMG500 { other:
Serial number:
For the above instrument the following should be done:
{ Calibration
(order-no KR-xxx)
{ Adjustment with following
calibration (order-no JKR-xxx)
{ Input calibration, adjustment and
output calibration (order-no KJKR-xxx)
{ I don’t want to get the latest software in the instrument (free of charge). I want to keep the
actual implemented software version.
Note:
Calibration is only to proof the differences between the instrument and the ‘true’ values
Adjustment is to set-up an instrument to meet its specifications.
Company :
Street :
ZIP/City :
Country :
Email :
Name (responsible for
calibration) :
Phone :
Fax :
Department :
Customer number (if available):
Date: Sign:
Please send this paper via post or fax to:
Z E S ZIMMER Electronic Systems GmbH Tel. [phone]
Tabaksmühlenweg 30 Fax [phone]
D-61440 Oberursel Email [email protected]
Germany

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Table of contents
1 Instructions and Warnings..............................................................19
1.1 Safety Instructions .................................................................................. 19
2 General ...........................................................................................23
2.1 Features and application areas................................................................. 23
2.2 Usage of the manual................................................................................ 24
2.3 General handling of the instrument.......................................................... 25
2.4 The group concept .................................................................................. 27
2.5 Linked values, star to delta conversion (option L45-O6) ......................... 31
3 Installation......................................................................................37
3.1 Unpacking and putting into operation...................................................... 37
3.2 General set-up......................................................................................... 37
3.3 Connections of the LMG450................................................................... 37
3.3.1 Measuring circuit for typical line applications using the internal current path .......38
3.3.2 Measuring circuit for measuring efficiency of 3/1phase systems...........................39
3.3.3 Measuring circuit (typical) for star to delta conversion (option L45-O6) .............40
3.3.4 Aron wiring........................................................................................................41
3.3.5 Measuring circuit for measuring efficiency of 3/3phase systems...........................42
3.3.6 Measuring circuit using an external current sensor...............................................42
3.3.7 Measurement of high currents.............................................................................43
3.3.8 Measurements at middle and high voltage systems ..............................................44
3.3.9 Measurements at middle and high voltage systems without N..............................45
3.3.10 Measurements at middle and high voltage systems without N............................46
4 Instrument controls.........................................................................47
4.1 Front panel.............................................................................................. 47
4.2 Rear panel .............................................................................................. 48
4.3 Display................................................................................................... 50
4.3.1 Status line...........................................................................................................50
4.4 General menues ...................................................................................... 51
4.4.1 Misc. ..................................................................................................................51
4.4.2 IF/IO..................................................................................................................53
4.4.3 Custom menu......................................................................................................59
4.4.4 Script/Formula editor..........................................................................................60
4.4.5 Saving and restoring configurations ....................................................................70
4.5 Entering identifiers, characters and text................................................... 70
4.6 Entering numerical values....................................................................... 75
5 Normal measuring mode.................................................................77
5.1 Measuring configuration (Measuring)...................................................... 77
5.1.1 Globals tab .........................................................................................................77
5.1.2 Group A/B tab....................................................................................................78

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5.2 Measuring ranges (Range) ...................................................................... 81
5.2.1 Group A/B tab....................................................................................................81
5.2.2 Sense/More tab...................................................................................................82
5.3 Definition of measuring values................................................................ 83
5.3.1 Values from single measuring..............................................................................87
5.3.2 Integrated values.................................................................................................89
5.3.3 Total values........................................................................................................90
5.4 Display of values .................................................................................... 91
5.4.1 Default ...............................................................................................................92
5.4.2 Voltage...............................................................................................................93
5.4.3 Current...............................................................................................................93
5.4.4 Power.................................................................................................................93
5.4.5 Energy................................................................................................................94
5.4.6 Graphical display ................................................................................................95
5.4.7 Custom menu....................................................................................................101
5.5 Storage of values .................................................................................. 101
6 prCE-Harmonic measuring mode.................................................103
6.1 Measuring configuration (Measuring).................................................... 103
6.1.1 Global tab.........................................................................................................103
6.1.2 Group A/B tab..................................................................................................104
6.2 Measuring ranges (Range) .................................................................... 105
6.3 Definition of measuring values.............................................................. 105
6.4 Display of values .................................................................................. 106
6.4.1 Default .............................................................................................................107
6.4.2 Voltage.............................................................................................................107
6.4.3 Current.............................................................................................................107
6.4.4 Power...............................................................................................................108
6.4.5 Long time evaluation ........................................................................................108
6.4.6 Graphical display ..............................................................................................109
6.4.7 Custom menu....................................................................................................111
6.5 Storage of values .................................................................................. 111
6.6 Precompliance tests according EN61000-3-2........................................ 111
7 CE-Flicker measuring mode (option L45-O4)..............................113
7.1 Measuring configuration (Measuring).................................................... 113
7.1.1 Globals tab .......................................................................................................113
7.1.2 Ztest/Zref tab....................................................................................................114
7.2 Measuring ranges (Range) .................................................................... 114
7.3 Definition of measuring values.............................................................. 114
7.4 Display of values .................................................................................. 115
7.4.1 Default .............................................................................................................115
7.4.2 Voltage.............................................................................................................116
7.4.3 Current.............................................................................................................116
7.4.4 Power...............................................................................................................116
7.4.5 Flicker (Int. Val)...............................................................................................116
7.4.6 Graphical display ..............................................................................................117

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7.4.7 Custom menu....................................................................................................117
7.5 Storage of values .................................................................................. 117
7.6 Tests according EN61000-3-3............................................................... 117
8 100 Harmonics measuring mode (option L45-O8).......................119
8.1 Measuring configuration (Measuring).................................................... 119
8.2 Measuring ranges (Range) .................................................................... 120
8.3 Definition of measuring values.............................................................. 120
8.4 Display of values .................................................................................. 121
8.4.1 Default .............................................................................................................122
8.4.2 Voltage.............................................................................................................122
8.4.3 Current.............................................................................................................122
8.4.4 Power...............................................................................................................122
8.4.5 Graphical display ..............................................................................................123
8.4.6 Custom menu....................................................................................................123
8.5 Storage of values .................................................................................. 123
9 Transient mode (option L45-O5)..................................................125
9.1 Measuring configuration (Measuring).................................................... 125
9.1.1 Globals tab .......................................................................................................125
9.1.2 GroupA/B tab...................................................................................................125
9.2 Measuring ranges (Range) .................................................................... 128
9.3 Display of values .................................................................................. 128
9.3.1 Graphical display ..............................................................................................128
9.4 Storage of values .................................................................................. 128
10 Interfaces (IEEE option L45-O1)................................................129
10.1 Short syntax description...................................................................... 129
10.2 Commands.......................................................................................... 131
10.2.1 IEEE488.2 common commands......................................................................131
10.2.2 :CALCulate commands...................................................................................135
10.2.3 :DISPlay commands........................................................................................140
10.2.4 :FETCh and :READ commands ......................................................................140
10.2.5 :FORMat commands.......................................................................................178
10.2.6 :INITiate commands.......................................................................................179
10.2.7 :INPut commands...........................................................................................180
10.2.8 :INSTrument commands.................................................................................181
10.2.9 :MEMory commands......................................................................................182
10.2.10 :SENSe commands .......................................................................................182
10.2.11 :SOURce commands.....................................................................................203
10.2.12 :STATus commands......................................................................................206
10.2.13 :SYSTem commands.....................................................................................209
10.2.14 :TRIGger commands.....................................................................................216
10.2.15 Special commands.........................................................................................221
10.2.16 Example 1.....................................................................................................221
10.2.17 Example 2.....................................................................................................222
10.2.18 Testing the interface using a terminal program...............................................223

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10.2.19 SCPI command Example...............................................................................223
10.2.20 SHORT command Example..........................................................................225
10.3 Physical devices.................................................................................. 228
10.3.1 The serial interfaces ........................................................................................228
10.3.2 IEEE488.2......................................................................................................229
10.3.3 Parallel Port....................................................................................................229
11 Logging of values to drives, printer and interfaces.....................231
11.1 Start of logging ................................................................................... 231
11.2 End of logging .................................................................................... 232
11.3 Logging profiles (output devices)........................................................ 232
11.3.1 Output intervals..............................................................................................233
11.4 Output formats.................................................................................... 234
11.5 Remarks, header lines......................................................................... 235
11.6 Storage media..................................................................................... 236
11.6.1 Floppy disk drive ............................................................................................236
11.6.2 Memory card drive..........................................................................................236
11.6.3 USB memory stick..........................................................................................237
11.7 Import of data into PC programs ......................................................... 237
11.7.1 Data exchange via storage media.....................................................................237
11.7.2 Data exchange via serial interface....................................................................238
11.7.3 Country dependent numbers............................................................................238
11.7.4 Reading data into EXCEL...............................................................................238
11.8 Error messages.................................................................................... 239
12 Miscellaneous.............................................................................241
12.1 Frequently asked questions ................................................................. 241
12.1.1 Accuracy of measured and computed values....................................................241
12.1.2 Accuracy of non sinusoidal signals..................................................................243
12.2 Function fault...................................................................................... 244
12.3 Maintenance ....................................................................................... 250
12.3.1 Calibration......................................................................................................250
12.3.2 Adjustment.....................................................................................................251
12.3.3 Zero adjustment of the instrument...................................................................251
12.3.4 Fans................................................................................................................251
12.3.5 Battery............................................................................................................252
12.3.6 Software update..............................................................................................252
12.4 Use with an inverter............................................................................ 252
13 Technical data ............................................................................253
13.1 General............................................................................................... 253
13.2 Display of values ................................................................................ 254
13.3 Measuring channels ............................................................................ 255
13.3.1 Sampling.........................................................................................................255
13.3.2 Ranges............................................................................................................255
13.3.3 Accuracy ........................................................................................................257

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13.3.4 Special transformer adjustment (L45-O12)......................................................258
13.3.5 Modified voltage channel for 1kV input (L45-O15)........................................258
13.4 ZES current sensors............................................................................ 258
13.5 Filter................................................................................................... 259
13.5.1 HF Rejection filter ..........................................................................................259
13.6 prCE Harmonics ................................................................................. 260
13.7 CE Flicker .......................................................................................... 260
13.8 HARM100 Mode................................................................................ 260
13.9 Processing signal interface (option L45-O3 )....................................... 261
13.9.1 Analogue inputs..............................................................................................262
13.9.2 Analogue outputs............................................................................................262
13.9.3 Digital inputs ..................................................................................................263
13.9.4 Frequency inputs.............................................................................................263
13.9.5 Digital outputs................................................................................................263
13.9.6 Auxiliary supply..............................................................................................263
13.9.7 Frequency/direction input................................................................................263
13.10 Timebase .......................................................................................... 264
13.11 Frequency measuring ........................................................................ 264
13.12 Scope memory.................................................................................. 264
14 System design.............................................................................265
14.1 Further connectors .............................................................................. 265
14.1.1 External Synchronisation (Sync.) ....................................................................265
14.1.2 External Current Sensor..................................................................................269
14.2 Functional block diagram LMG450..................................................... 270
14.3 Functional block diagram voltage channels.......................................... 271
14.4 Functional block diagram current channels.......................................... 272
14.5 Functional block diagram computing unit............................................ 273
14.6 Functional block diagram processing signal interface .......................... 274
15 Glossary......................................................................................275
16 Common Index...........................................................................287
17 Interface command index ...........................................................306
List of figures
Figure 1: Measuring menu ....................................................................................................25
Figure 2: Allocations of the different linked values................................................................31
Figure 3: Measuring circuit 3 phase system with neutral........................................................38
Figure 4: Measuring circuit for measuring efficiency (3/1phase)............................................39
Figure 5: Star to delta conversion .........................................................................................40
Figure 6: Measuring circuit with current and voltage transformers in Aron wiring .................41

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Figure 7: Measuring circuit for measuring efficiency (3/3phase)............................................42
Figure 8: Measuring circuit with external current sensor .......................................................42
Figure 9: Measuring circuit for measuring high currents with transformers, voltage directly ..43
Figure 10: Measuring circuit for measuring in middle and high voltage systems.....................44
Figure 11: Measuring circuit for measuring in middle and high voltage sytems without N Using
artificial midpoint..........................................................................................................45
Figure 12: Measuring circuit for measuring in middle and high voltage sytems without N Using
star to delta conversion.................................................................................................46
Figure 13: Front panel of the instrument ...............................................................................47
Figure 14: Rear panel of the instrument.................................................................................48
Figure 15: Status lines with 3 different wirings......................................................................50
Figure 16: Misc. menu..........................................................................................................52
Figure 17: Interface Setup ....................................................................................................53
Figure 18: Analogue inputs...................................................................................................56
Figure 19: Analogue outputs.................................................................................................56
Figure 20: Digital inputs .......................................................................................................57
Figure 21: Limit menu ..........................................................................................................58
Figure 22: Script editor.........................................................................................................60
Figure 23: Measuring menu in normal mode..........................................................................81
Figure 24: Range menu.........................................................................................................81
Figure 25: Allocation of the different linked values................................................................84
Figure 26: Default display with one and four channels...........................................................93
Figure 27: Scope display with split off/on .............................................................................97
Figure 28: The plot display; split off......................................................................................97
Figure 29: The plot display; split on......................................................................................99
Figure 30: Vector (Fresnel) diagramm ................................................................................100
Figure 31: Measuring menu in prCE-Harm mode................................................................104
Figure 32: Display of voltages in prCE-Harm mode............................................................107
Figure 33: Long time evaluation of harmonics.....................................................................109
Figure 34: Graphical display of harmonics...........................................................................110
Figure 35: Measuring menu in CE-Flicker mode .................................................................114
Figure 36: Evaluation of flicker measurement......................................................................116
Figure 37: Measuring menu in Harm100 mode....................................................................119
Figure 38: Graphical display of harmonics...........................................................................123
Figure 39 Measuring menu in transient mode......................................................................126
Figure 40: Keynumbers.......................................................................................................214
Figure 41: COM A connector.............................................................................................228
Figure 42: COM B connector .............................................................................................229
Figure 43: Dimensions of LMG450.....................................................................................254
Figure 44: Processing Signal Interface Connector...............................................................262
Figure 45: Sync. connector.................................................................................................265

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Figure 46: External current sensor connector......................................................................269
Figure 47: Functional block diagram LMG450....................................................................270
Figure 48: Functional block diagram voltage channels.........................................................271
Figure 49: Functional block diagram current channels.........................................................272
Figure 50: Functional block diagram computing unit...........................................................273
Figure 51: Functional block diagram processing signal interface..........................................274

Z E S ZIMMER Electronic Systems GmbH Chapter 1
19
1 Instructions and Warnings
1.1 Safety Instructions
This instrument conforms to the IEC61010-1 guide lines concerning the protection of electrical
instrumentation and has left the factory in a mechanically and electrically safe condition. To
maintain safe operation, the user must follow the instructions and warnings contained in this
manual. The instrument satisfies the requirements ofprotection class I (protective earthing).
Accessible metal parts of the instrument are tested with respect to the mains connection using a
potential of 1500V/50Hz. Before connecting the apparatus to the mains supply, ensure that the
voltage displayed on the type plate equals the available mains supply voltage. A possibly
installed power supply selector has to be set up. The mains plug must only be connected to an
earthed mains outlet. The earth connection must not be discontinued or broken by using an
extension lead without earth connection. The instrument must be connected to the mains
supply before any measurement or control circuits are connected to it. Any disconnection of
the earth lead inside or outside of the instrument will endanger the operating personal.
Deliberate disconnection of the earth is not permitted. When the instrument is used in
combination with other instruments, then proceed as follows:
The external earth connector on the back of the instrument must not be used to earth other
electrical equipment. It is only intended to provide additional earthing of the instrument in case
an error occurs in the circuit under test which may cause an earth current to flow in excess of
10A which cannot be carried by the mains supply cable. If this further earthing cannot be
implemented, then the measuring circuit must be suitably fused prior to its connection to the
instrument. In this case, it is necessary to connect the measuring instrument to an earth
connection point via the earth connector using a conductor with sufficient cross section. If this
is not possible, the instrument has to be connected to the circuit to be tested via adequate
fuses. The measuring inputs are isolated to case for operating voltages up to 600V according
to protection class I.
By opening the instrument components are exposed which may be raised to a hazardous
potential. All voltage sources must be disconnected from the instrument before any instrument
covers are removed for the purpose of calibration, service, repair or changing components.
When access is required for calibration, service or repair, only suitably qualified personnel are
permitted access to an opened and energised instrument.
Fuses may only be replaced with the same ratings and the same types. The use of repaired or
short circuited fuses is not permitted. The instrument should be disconnected and disabled from
accidental use when it is suspected that its safe operation cannot be warranted. The required

Instructions and Warnings LMG450
20
repair work must then be carried out by a suitably qualified person who is familiar with any
dangers involved.
It must be considered unsafe to operate the instrument:
• if there is visual evidence of physical damage
• if the instrument fails to operate correctly
• after long-term storage under unfavourable circumstances
• if there are condensation forms due to excessive temperature changes
• following rough transport conditions
If the instrument was opened, a high voltage test according to the technical data and a test of
the protective conductor are necessary following the closing of the instrument.
Storage temperature range: -20°C to +55°C
Climatic class: KYG according to DIN 40040
0°C...40°C, humidity max. 85%, annual average 65%, no dewing
The instrument conforms to protection class I. A suitable mains cable is supplied with the
instrument for connection to an earthed mains supply point. When in use the unit must be
securely earthed; continuity of the mains earth connection should be checked. Make sure that
attention is paid to the following points:
Warning! The green/yellow safety jack on the back of the instrument must be used
for additional earthing in case an earth current in excess of 10A might
result accidentally in the system under test. Since the earthing conductor
of the mains supply is unable to carry such currents, the instrument have
to be connected to a suitable earth point via an adequately rated cable. If
reliable earthing cannot be realised, the connections between the system
under test and the instrument must be fused appropriately. The earth
terminal on the instrument must not be used as the only earth connection
for the instrument nor must the test circuit be earthed from this terminal.
Attention! Before connecting the mains cable to an electricity supply, confirm that
the mains supply voltage corresponds to the voltage printed on the
model’s identification plate.
Warning! Remove all power supplies to a test circuit before connecting a probe for
measurement purposes.