Acces i/o products 104-com-8s User manual

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EIGHT- OR FOUR-PORT

RS-422/485 PC/104 SERIAL

COMMUNICATION BOARD

MODELS 104-COM-8S AND 104-COM-4S

USER MANUAL

File: M104-COM-8S.A1k

Notice

The information in this document is provided for reference only. ACCES does not assume any liability arising

out of the application or use of the information or products described herein. This document may contain or

reference information and products protected by copyrights or patents and does not convey any license under

the patent rights of ACCES, nor the rights of others.

IBM PC, PC/XT, and PC/AT are registered trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation.

WARNING!!

ALWAYS CONNECT AND DISCONNECT YOUR FIELD CABLING WITH

THE COMPUTER POWER OFF. ALWAYS TURN COMPUTER POWER

OFF BEFORE INSTALLING A BOARD. CONNECTING AND

DISCONNECTING CABLES, OR INSTALLING BOARDS INTO A SYSTEM

WITH THE COMPUTER OR FIELD POWER ON MAY CAUSE DAMAGE

TO THE I/O BOARD AND WILL VOID ALL WARRANTIES, IMPLIED OR

EXPRESSED.

Manual 104-COM-8S2

Warranty

Prior to shipment, ACCES equipment is thoroughly inspected and tested to applicable specifications. However,

should equipment failure occur, ACCES assures its customers that prompt service and support will be

available. All equipment originally manufactured by ACCES which is found to be defective will be repaired or

replaced subject to the following considerations.

Terms and Conditions

If a unit is suspected of failure, contact ACCES' Customer Service department. Be prepared to give the unit

model number, serial number, and a description of the failure symptom(s). We may suggest some simple tests

to confirm the failure. We will assign a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number which must appear on the

outer label of the return package. All units/components should be properly packed for handling and returned

with freight prepaid to the ACCES designated Service Center, and will be returned to the customer's/user's site

freight prepaid and invoiced.

Coverage

First Three Years: Returned unit/part will be repaired and/or replaced at ACCES option with no charge for labor

or parts not excluded by warranty. Warranty commences with equipment shipment.

Following Years: Throughout your equipment's lifetime, ACCES stands ready to provide on-site or in-plant

service at reasonable rates similar to those of other manufacturers in the industry.

Equipment Not Manufactured by ACCES

Equipment provided but not manufactured by ACCES is warranted and will be repaired according to the terms

and conditions of the respective equipment manufacturer's warranty.

General

Under this Warranty, liability of ACCES is limited to replacing, repairing or issuing credit (at ACCES discretion)

for any products which are proved to be defective during the warranty period. In no case is ACCES liable for

consequential or special damage arriving from use or misuse of our product. The customer is responsible for all

charges caused by modifications or additions to ACCES equipment not approved in writing by ACCES or, if in

ACCES opinion the equipment has been subjected to abnormal use. "Abnormal use" for purposes of this

warranty is defined as any use to which the equipment is exposed other than that use specified or intended as

evidenced by purchase or sales representation. Other than the above, no other warranty, expressed or implied,

shall apply to any and all such equipment furnished or sold by ACCES.

Manual 104-COM-8S3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................. 5

Figure 1-1: BLOCK DIAGRAM ...................................................................................................................... 6

Chapter 2: INSTALLATION.................................................................................................... 7

Chapter 3: OPTION SELECTION......................................................................................... 12

Figure 3-1: OPTION SELECTION MAP ...................................................................................................... 14

Chapter 4: ADDRESS SELECTION..................................................................................... 15

Table 4-1: STANDARD ADDRESS ASSIGNMENTS FOR COMPUTERS ................................................. 15

Table 4-2: ADDRESS JUMPERS ................................................................................................................ 16

Chapter 5: PROGRAMMING................................................................................................ 17

Table 5-1: Control Block Register Map........................................................................................................ 17

Table 5-2: EEPROM Address Map .............................................................................................................. 17

Table 5-3: BAUD RATE DIVISOR VALUES ................................................................................................ 19

Chapter 6: CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS................................................................... 22

Table 6-1: PIN CONNECTIONS .................................................................................................................. 22

Chapter 7: SPECIFICATION................................................................................................ 23

APPENDIX A......................................................................................................................... 24

Table A-1: RS-422 SPECIFICATION SUMMARY....................................................................................... 25

Figure A-1: Typical RS-485 Two-Wire Multidrop Network .......................................................................... 26

Manual 104-COM-8S4

Chapter 1: FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

These Serial Interface Boards contains eight or four independent ports and provide effective RS-485 and RS-

422 multipoint communication. Each channel may be configured to either mode. Jumpers on the board permit

the choice of configuration, including termination, for each individual channel.

The boards are designed in the PC/104 format.

It’s dimensions are approximately 3.775 inches X 3.550 inches. All signal connections are made through a 50

pin connector, mounted on edge of the board.

RS-485 BALANCED MODE OPERATION

The board supports RS-485 modes that use differential balanced drivers for increased range and noise

immunity. The RS-485 specification defines a maximum of 32 devices on a single line. The number of devices

served on a single line can be expanded by use of “repeaters”.

The board also has the capability to add load resistors to terminate the communications lines. RS-485

communications requires that one transmitter supply a bias voltage to ensure a known “zero” state when all

transmitters are off. Also, receiver inputs at each end of the network should be terminated to eliminate “ringing”.

These boards support biasing by default and supports termination by jumpers on the board. If your application

requires the transmitter to be un-biased, please contact the factory.

The driver/receiver used, type 75176B, is capable of driving extremely long communication lines at high baud

rates. It can drive up to ±60 mA on balanced lines and receive inputs as low as 200 mV differential signal

superimposed on common mode noise of +12 V or -7 V. In case of communication conflict, the driver/receivers

feature thermal shutdown.

COMM PORT COMPATIBILITY

Type 16550 UART’s are used as the Asynchronous Communication Element (ACE) . These include a 16-byte

transmit/receive buffer to protect against lost data in multitasking operating systems, while maintaining 100%

compatibility with the original IBM serial port. However, the ports are not restricted to the standard COM port

addresses.

Continuous address selection is available anywhere within the I/O address range 100 to 3F8 hex, and our

FINDBASE program will scan I/O Bus memory-mapped addresses in your computer for available addresses

that can be used without conflicting with other computer resources. This allows a port to be used as one of the

four “standard” COM ports (COM1 to COM4), or to coexist alongside them, in any combination.

A crystal oscillator is located on the board. This oscillator permits precise selection of baud rate from 300 to

921,600 with the standard crystal oscillator. The standard crystal oscillator is used to generate two clock rates.

One is the standard 1.8432 MHz clock. If higher baud rates are required, a 14.7456MHz rate can be selected

by jumper.

COMMUNICATION MODES

The board supports Half-Duplex communications with a 2-wire cable connection. Half-Duplex allows traffic to

travel in both directions, but only one way at a time. RS-485 communications commonly use the half-duplex

mode since they share only a single pair of wires.

Manual 104-COM-8S5

AUTO-RTS TRANSCEIVER CONTROL

In RS-485 communications, the driver must be enabled and disabled as needed, allowing all boards to share a

two wire cable. The board controls the driver automatically. With automatic control, the driver is enabled when

data is ready to be transmitted. The driver remains enabled for the transmission time of one character after

data transfer is started and then is disabled. The receiver is disabled during RS-485 transmissions and then

enabled when the transmitter driver is disabled. The board automatically adjusts it’s timing to the baud rate of

the data. (NOTE: Thanks to this automatic control feature, the board is ideal for use in Windows applications)

IRQ SUPPORT

The board supports the use of IRQ resources, and includes an on-board IRQ status register for use with

operating systems that support this feature, such as Microsoft’s Windows NT. This allows the board to use from

one to five levels of IRQ to control all eight ports, greatly simplifying system configuration.

Figure 1-1: BLOCK DIAGRAM

(Only one serial channel shown)

PC/104 BUS

AUTO RTS

CIRCUITRY

50 PIN HEADER

Manual 104-COM-8S6

Chapter 2: INSTALLATION

A printed Quick-Start Guide (QSG) is packed with the board for your convenience. If you’ve already performed

the steps from the QSG, you may find this chapter to be redundant and may skip forward to begin developing

your application.

The software provided with this PC/104 Board is on CD and must be installed onto your hard disk prior to use.

To do this, perform the following steps as appropriate for your operating system.

CD Installation

The following instructions assume the CD-ROM drive is drive “D”. Please substitute the appropriate drive letter

for your system as necessary.

DOS

1. Place the CD into your CD-ROM drive.

2. Type B- to change the active drive to the CD-ROM drive.

3. Type GLQR?JJ- to run the install program.

4. Follow the on-screen prompts to install the software for this board.

WINDOWS

1. Place the CD into your CD-ROM drive.

2. The system should automatically run the install program. If the install program does not run promptly,

click START | RUN and type BGLQR?JJ, click OK or press -.

3. Follow the on-screen prompts to install the software for this board.

LINUX

1. Please refer to linux.htm on the CD-ROM for information on installing serial ports under linux.

Manual 104-COM-8S7

Installing the Hardware

Before installing the board, carefully read Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 of this manual and configure the board

according to your requirements. The SETUP Program can be used to assist in configuring jumpers on the

board. Be especially careful with Address Selection. If the addresses of two installed functions overlap, you will

experience unpredictable computer behavior. To help avoid this problem, refer to the FINDBASE.EXE program

installed from the CD. The setup program does not set the options on the board, these must be set by jumpers.

This multi-port serial communication board uses software-programmable address ranges for each UART,

stored in an onboard EEPROM. Configure the address of the EEPROM using the onboard Address Selection

jumper block, then use the provided Setup program to configure addresses for each onboard UART.

To Install the Board

1. Install jumpers for selected options and base address according to your application requirements, as

mentioned above.

2. Remove power from the PC/104 stack.

3. Assemble standoff hardware for stacking and securing the boards.

4. Carefully plug the board onto the PC/104 connector on the CPU or onto the stack, ensuring proper

alignment of the pins before completely seating the connectors together.

5. Install I/O cables onto the board’s I/O connectors and proceed to secure the stack together or repeat

steps 3-5 until all boards are installed using the selected mounting hardware.

6. Check that all connections in your PC/104 stack are correct and secure then power up the system.

7. Run one of the provided sample programs appropriate for your operating system that was installed

from the CD to test and validate your installation.

Installing COM Ports in Windows Operating Systems

*NOTE: COM boards can be installed in virtually any operating system and

we do support installation in earlier versions of windows, and are very likely to

support future version as well. For use in WinCE, contact the factory for

specific instructions.

Windows NT4.0

To install the COM ports in Windows NT4 you’ll need to change one entry in the registry. This entry enables IRQ

sharing on multi-port COM boards. The key is

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Serial\. The name of the value is

PermitShare and the data should be set to 1.

You’ll then add the board’s ports as COM ports, setting the base addresses and IRQs to match your board’s

settings.

To change the registry value, run RegEdit from the START|RUN menu option (by typing REGEDIT [ENTER] in

the space provided). Navigate down the tree view on the left to find the key, and double click on the name of the

value to open a dialog allowing you to set the new data value.

Manual 104-COM-8S8

To add a COM port, use START|CONTROL PANEL|PORTS applet and click ADD, then enter the correct UART

address and Interrupt number.

When the “Add New Port” dialog is configured click OK, but answer “Don’t Restart Now” when prompted, until

you’ve added any other ports as well. Then restart the system normally, or by selecting “Restart Now.”

Windows XP

To install the COM ports in Windows XP you will be manually installing “standard” communications ports, then

changing the settings for resources used by the ports to match the hardware.

Run the “Add Hardware” applet from the Control Panel.

Click “Next” at the “Welcome to the Add New Hardware Wizard” dialog.

You’ll briefly see a “...searching...” message, then

Select “Yes, I have already connected the hardware” and Click “Next”

Select “Add a new hardware device” from the bottom of the list presented and Click “Next.”

Select “Install the hardware that I manually select from a list” and Click “Next.”

Select “Ports (COM & LPT) and Click “Next”

Select “(Standard Port Types)” and “Communications Port” (the defaults), Click “Next.”

Click “Next.”

Manual 104-COM-8S9

Click the “View or change resources for this hardware (Advanced)” link.

Click the “Set Configuration Manually” button.

Select “Basic Configuration 8" from the “Settings Based on:” drop-down list.

Select “I/O Range” in the “Resource Settings” box and Click the “Change Settings...” button.

Enter the base address of the board, and Click “OK”

Manual 104-COM-8S10

Select “IRQ” in the “Resource Settings” box and Click the “Change Settings” button.

Enter the IRQ of the board and Click “OK”.

Close the “Set Configuration Manually” dialog and Click “Finish.”

Click “Do Not Reboot” if you wish to install more ports. Repeat all of the above steps, entering the same IRQ but

using the configured Base address for each additional UART.

When you are done installing ports, reboot the system normally.

Manual 104-COM-8S11

Chapter 3: OPTION SELECTION

To help you locate the jumpers described in this section, refer to the OPTION SELECTION MAP at the end of

this section. Operation of the serial communications section is determined by jumper installation as described

in the following paragraphs.

120 S

TERM

TERMINATIONS:

A transmission line should be terminated at the receiving end in its characteristic impedance. Installing a

jumper at the location labeled TERM applies a 120Ωload across the transmit/receive input/output for RS-485

operation.

In RS-485 operations where there are multiple terminals, only the RS-485 ports at each end of the network

should have terminating resistors as described above. Also, for RS-485 operation, there must be a bias on the

RX+ and RX- lines. If the board is not to provide that bias, contact the factory technical support.

DATA CABLE WIRING

INTERRUPTS: The board supports IRQ 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 11 (unless reserved by other installed hardware).

The levels are selected by writing the desired IRQ level to the appropriate address in the EEPROM and having

it (them) loaded from the EEPROM into the appropriate registers. Channels A, B, C and D have individual

interrupts and channels E, F, G and H share a fifth interrupt. It is necessary to load interrupt values for all of the

channels. If the same interrupt is to be used for all channels, it must be entered into all five of the interrupt

locations in the EEPROM.

Please note: In Windows NT, changes must be made to the System Registry to support IRQ sharing. The

following is excerpted from “Controlling Multiport Serial I/O Boards” provided by Microsoft in the MSDN

library.Document id: mk:@ivt:nt40res/D15/S55FC.HTM, also available in the Windows NT Resource Kit. The

text enclosed in brackets (“[]”) denotes a comment.

The Microsoft serial driver can be used to control many dumb multiport serial boards. Dumb indicates that the

control includes no on-board processor. Each port of a multiport board has a separate subkey under the

CurrentControlSet\Services\Serial subkey in the Registry. In each of these subkeys, you must add values for

DosDevices, Interrupt, InterruptStatus, Port Address, and PortIndex because these are not detected by

the Hardware Recognizer. (For descriptions and ranges for these values, see Regentry.hlp, the Registry help

file on the Windows NT Workstation Resource Kit CD.)

Manual 104-COM-8S12

For example, if you have a board configured with the control block at address 0x300, the ports consecutive and

contiguous starting at address 0x100, and an IRQ of 0x5 on all ports, the values in the Registry are:

Serial2 subkey:

PortAddress = REG_DWORD 0x100

Interrupt = REG_DWORD 5

DosDevices = REG_SZ COM3