Accton Technology SwitcHub-2se User manual

SwitcHub-2se
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Installation Manual
SwitcHub-2se
Smart Fast Ethernet Switch
with one 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Port
and one 100BASE-FX Port

Copyright (c) 1996 by Accton Technology Corporation. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the
prior written consent of Accton Technology Corporation.
Accton makes no warranties with respect to this documentation and disclaims any implied
warranties of merchantability, quality, or fitness for any particular purpose. The information in this
document is subject to change without notice. Accton reserves the right to make revisions to this
publication without obligation to notify any person or entity of any such changes.
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No. 1 Creation Road III,
Science-based Industrial Park
Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Phone: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
BBS: 886-35-770-654
Internet: [email protected]
86$+HDGTXDUWHUV
1962 Zanker Road
San Jose, CA 95112
Phone: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
BBS: 408-452-8828
FAST FAX: [phone]
Accton, SmartWatch and SwitcHub are trademarks or registered trademarks of Accton Technology
Corporation. Other trademarks or brand names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective companies.
ES3002-TF
E0596-R01
150050-101

Package Contents i
Package Contents
Carefully unpack the contents of the package and verify them against the checklist
given below.
Package Checklist
æFast SwitcHub-2se
(Model No. ES3002-TF)
æAC power cord
æFour rubber foot pads
æInstallation manual
æOwner registration card
Please inform your dealer immediately should there be any wrong, missing or
damaged parts.
If possible, retain the carton, including the original packing materials. Use
them again to repack the unit in case there is a need to return it for repair.
To qualify for product updates and product warranty registration, fill in the
Owner Registration Card and return it to Accton Technology Corporation.

Quick Installation iii
Quick Installation
The Fast SwitcHub-2se contains 2 Ethernet ports that can operate at full-duplex or
half-duplex. One of these ports supports 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T (twisted-
pair) connection, while the other port supports 100BASE-FX (fiber optic)
connection. The smart design built into the front display panel and configure
options, provides a friendly interface that simplifies installation and network
troubleshooting. If you are already familiar with basic network operations, you
should be able to install this switch as described below:
1. Unpack the Fast SwitcHub-2se.
2. Find a location close to the network devices you need to connect, and within
easy reach of an electrical outlet.
3. For 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T devices, connect a workstation or server to
the Port 1 MDI-X station port. Otherwise, you can connect to another switch
or other network interconnection device by running straight-through twisted-
pair cable between the MDI daisy-chain port on one device (e.g., Port 1 on
this switch) to the MDI-X station port on the other device. Use 100W
Category 5 STP or UTP cable to connect to the switch, and be sure the
length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters.
For integrating legacy networks, Port 1 provides for connection via either
100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T. It uses auto-negotiation to dynamically set the
required transmission speed at 10 or 100 Mbps.
4. For 100BASE-FX devices, connect to Port 2 (i.e., connecting the Rx/Tx
jacks on the target device to the Tx/Rx jacks on the switch). When
connecting a node to Port 2, the maximum cable length is 2 kilometers if you
are have a dedicated link (i.e., full-duplex mode); otherwise, the maximum
length is 412 meters for a shared collision domain (i.e., a half-duplex
connection). Refer to Chapter 2 for a more detailed description of
calculating the maximum length permitted for fiber optic cable.

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
iv Quick Installation
5. Set the transmission mode for each port to full or half-duplex. Full-duplex
communications can only be supported for a dedicated link (i.e., set the
communications to half duplex if you are connecting to a shared collision
domain). Transmission must be set to full duplex or half duplex depending
on the mode supported by the connected device. You must manually set the
required mode with the configure button (Chapter 2).
6. Verify network communications by ensuring that -
• you have made all the necessary connections
• you can access any connected resources
• the switch’s indicator LEDs are functioning properly
Note: For devices connected directly to either port on the switch, it will
automatically detect transmission speed (10/100 Mbps). However, unless
the connected devices are operating at half-duplex (i.e., system default), you
will have to manually set the transmission mode via the configure button.
(Refer to Full/Half Duplex Mode Selection in Chapter 2).
If you encounter any problems in installing the Fast SwitcHub-2se, refer to Chapter
2 for a detailed description of installation procedures, or to Appendix A for help
in troubleshooting.

About this Guide v
About this Guide
This guide is designed for the experienced network installer. It describes how
to install and operate Accton’s Fast SwitcHub-2se Ethernet switch. After
reading this manual, you should be able to use the front display panel and
configure options to manage all your network connections.
This manual covers the following topics:
Chapter 1 - Product Overview
Brief description of switching technology, followed by a description of this switch
and a summary of its important features and specifications.
Chapter 2 - Setup and Configuration
Installing a Fast SwitcHub-2se and making basic network connections. Shows
sample network configurations for a local area network.
Chapter 3 - Hardware Reference
Detailed description of indicator panel and ports.
Appendices - Troubleshooting, cable assignments, and product specifications.

Contents
vii
Chapter 1: Introduction...........................................................1-1
Switching Technology...............................................................................................1-1
Accton’s Smart Extender...........................................................................................1-2
Switching Methods....................................................................................................1-3
Features of the Fast SwitcHub-2se............................................................................1-4
Chapter 2: Setup and Configuration......................................2-1
Pre-Installation Requirements ...................................................................................2-1
Connecting the Switch System..................................................................................2-1
Making RJ-45 Connections..................................................................................2-2
Making Fiber Optic Connections..........................................................................2-3
Providing Power to the SwitcHub.............................................................................2-4
Diagnostic Tests........................................................................................................2-5
Upon Power On ..............................................................................................2-5
During Normal Operation...............................................................................2-5
Setting the Display Mode..........................................................................................2-5
Selections Available.............................................................................................2-6
Bandwidth Utilization.....................................................................................2-6
Packet Forwarding Ratio.................................................................................2-6
Packet Filtering Ratio .....................................................................................2-7
Collision Ratio................................................................................................2-7
Full/Half Duplex Mode Selection...................................................................2-7
Diagnostic Function........................................................................................2-8
Verifying Port Status.................................................................................................2-8
Verifying System Operation......................................................................................2-9

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
viii Contents
Chapter 3: Hardware Reference.............................................3-1
Front Panel ...............................................................................................................3-1
Configure Button..................................................................................................3-2
SmartWatch Indicator Panel.................................................................................3-3
Power..............................................................................................................3-3
Statistical Display for System Performance....................................................3-4
Setting the Communication Mode ..................................................................3-6
Diagnostics Display Mode..............................................................................3-7
Port Status Display..........................................................................................3-8
Rear Panel ...............................................................................................................3-10
Ethernet Ports.......................................................................................................3-10
Power Socket........................................................................................................3-11
Appendix A: Troubleshooting................................................A-1
Diagnosing Hub Indicators........................................................................................A-1
System Diagnostics ...................................................................................................A-2
Installation............................................................................................................A-2
Configuration........................................................................................................A-2
Switch Integrity....................................................................................................A-3
Appendix B: Port and Cable Assignments.............................B-1
RJ-45 Port ...............................................................................................................B-1
Appendix C: Specifications....................................................C-1
Product Specifications...............................................................................................C-1

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
Contents ix
Appendix D: Regulatory Standards Compliance..................D-1
EMI Warning ............................................................................................................D-1
FCC Class B Certification....................................................................................D-1
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI-2).........................................D-2
EN55022 Declaration of Conformance ................................................................D-3
Safety Compliance.....................................................................................................D-4
Underwriters Laboratories Compliance Statement...............................................D-4
Sicherheitshinweise..............................................................................................D-5
Appendix E: Product Support Services ................................E-1
Product Registration..................................................................................................E-1
Problem Report .........................................................................................................E-1
Hardware Repair Service...........................................................................................E-1
Software Update and Upgrade Service......................................................................E-2
Bulletin Board Service (BBS) ...................................................................................E-2
Interactive Fast Fax (U.S.A. office) ..........................................................................E-2
Technical Support .....................................................................................................E-3
Limited Warranty......................................................................................................E-4
Customer Remedies..............................................................................................E-4
Return Process......................................................................................................E-5
Accton Offices...........................................................................................................E-6
Ordering Information ................................................................................................E-6
Glossary
Index

Introduction 1-1
Chapter 1: Introduction
Switching Technology
The Ethernet Switch allows simultaneous transmission of multiple packets via
an internal high-speed data channel. This means that it can partition a network
more efficiently than bridges or routers. The Ethernet Switch is therefore fast
being recognized as one of the most important building blocks for today’s
networking technology.
The learning function in the switch stores the address and corresponding port
number of each incoming and outgoing packet in a routing table. This
information is subsequently used to filter packets whose destination address is
on the same segment as the source address. This confines network traffic to its
respective domain, reducing the overall load on the network.
The switch scans the destination address from the packet header, searches the
routing table provided for the incoming port and forwards the packet only if
required, often before fully received. This fast forwarding makes the switch
attractive for connecting servers directly to the network, thereby increasing
throughput and availability. However, the switch is most commonly used to
segment existing hubs, which nearly always improves overall performance. A
switch can be easily configured in any Ethernet network to significantly boost
bandwidth using conventional cabling and adapters.

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
1-2 Introduction
Accton’s Smart Extender
Accton’s Fast Switch-2se can boost network bandwidth fourfold (i.e., if running
at 100Mbps and using full-duplex operation for both ports). It provides one
10/100 Mbps RJ-45 port for 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX media attachment
(which is automatically detected by the switch), and one 100 Mbps fiber optic
port for 100BASE-FX media attachment via an SC or ST type connector.
Either of these ports can be connected to a subnetwork, or directly to a server or
key workstation, as well as set for full or half-duplex operation. Moreover, the
fiber optic port can be used to significantly extend your network’s diameter.
Note: The ES3002-TF-SC provides an SC-type fiber connector.
The ES3002-TF-ST provides an ST-type fiber connector.
In addition to partitioning an overloaded network, this switch provides
connection between networks based on twisted-pair and fiber optic cabling, and
can also be configured to operate in either full-duplex or half-duplex data
transfer mode to support the interconnection requirements of high-speed
devices.
This switch performs “on-the-fly” cut-through switching, which passes a packet
to the other port according to the destination address scanned from the packet
header. This technique reduces the latency of packet transmission to 20
microseconds or less. Compared to approximately 800 microseconds for a
bridge or 1800 microseconds for a router, both of which have to store the entire
packet before it can be forwarded, Accton’s SwitcHubs deliver a quantum
improvement in your network's performance.
As a device functioning on the media access control (MAC) layer, the Fast
SwitcHub is protocol independent. Full compliance with IEEE802.3 and
IEEE802.3u standards makes it transparent to upper-level protocols such as
TCP/IP, NetWare, DECnet and XNS. Accton's Smart Extender can link high-
speed 100BASE-TX or conventional 10BASE-T networks to the newer

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
Introduction 1-3
generation of 100BASE-FX devices; or can be used to significantly extend a
100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T network with an intermediate fiber optic link (i.e.,
by chaining two or more switches). Moreover, by breaking your network into
smaller and more manageable segments, each linked to the larger network with
a switch, the maximum distance for communications between end-nodes is
unlimited.
Switching Methods
Traditional bridges and routers use a switching method called store-and-
forward in which the entire frame must be received before the bridge can
perform a table look-up for the destination node and forward the packet to the
corresponding port. As a result, each packet is delayed by approximately 800
microseconds. It may be necessary to use store-and-forward when a lot of data
errors are occurring over the network, or when connecting to very slow devices.
Compared to this “safe” mode of operation, cut-through reduces the packet
transmission delay to around 20 microseconds by picking the destination
address out of the header as soon as its received, and directing the frame to the
appropriate port long before the full packet has been received. The remaining
technique, employed to improve data reliability, is called fragment-free cut-
through.It uses a more conservative approach to cut-through that waits until
the collision window has elapsed (i.e., the first full 64 bytes has been received)
before processing the packet. This prevents runts from being passed along,
effectively cleaning up the data stream.
Although cut-though switching is recommended as the fastest method for most
applications, the other methods mentioned above are also supported by the Fast
SwitcHub-2se to guarantee flawless performance. To ensure that you can
manage any kind of network load, the Smart Extender uses adaptive cut-
through switching based on Accton’s smart algorithm. This method
dynamically changes the way it handles data passing through the switch based

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
1-4 Introduction
on the current error rate. These switching alternatives start at standard cut-
through for a clean data environment, change to fragment-free cut-through for a
moderate error rate, and then progress to store-and-forward for a highly
contentious environment. By using this method, the Fast SwitcHub-2se
delivers the best networking performance under any environment.
Features of the Fast SwitcHub-2se
• Conforms to the IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.3u specifications, as well as
10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX and 100BASE-FX standards
• Provides one independent RJ-45 10BASE-T / 100BASE-TX Ethernet station
port, where each logical port consists of 1 MDI port (for connection to hubs
or switches) and 1 MDI-X port (for connection to workstations or servers),
eliminating the need for crossover cables
• Provides one independent 100BASE-FX port with Rx/Tx jacks
(SC or ST type connectors can be used, depending on the model you purchase)
• Both ports support full-duplex and half-duplex operation
• Total bandwidth of up to 200 Mbps (when full-duplex mode is used)
• RJ-45 port auto-senses transmission speed (10/100 Mbps)
• Uses adaptive cut-through switching (which dynamically changes among
standard cut-through, fragment free cut-through, and store-and-forward
depending on the error rate)
• Uses back pressure to eliminate frame loss by “blocking” traffic from end
stations or segments connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill
• Minimum latency of packet transmission (leading edge to leading edge) less
than 20 microseconds when using cut-through switching
• Uses “on the fly” cut-through technique to transport packets

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
Introduction 1-5
• Transparent bridging function supported
• Address learning function to build the routing information database
• Operates at maximum packet filtering and forwarding rate
• Supports multimode fiber optic backbone of up to 2 kilometers for a
dedicated link (i.e., a full-duplex connection) or 412 meters for a shared
collision domain (i.e., a half-duplex connection)
• Provides frame filtering and forwarding functions for each port, which are
capable of filtering and forwarding 100% of all Ethernet packets at line speed
• Provides a 160 Kbyte buffer per port
• Routing table contains 4K entries per port to store node MAC addresses
• Uses fast hashing scheme to retrieve information from routing table when
making routing decisions
• An indicator panel for configuring the system or monitoring the overall
condition of the switch, including utilization, forwarding and collision rates

Setup and Configuration 2-1
Chapter 2: Setup and Configuration
This chapter provides information on pre-installation requirements, establishing
network connections, and configuring the system.
Pre-Installation Requirements
Before you start making network connections to the SwitcHub, make sure you
can provide the right operating environment, including power requirements,
and proximity to other network devices that are to be connected. Verify the
following installation requirements:
• Power requirements: 100 to 240 VAC at 50 to 60 Hz. The switch’s power
supply automatically detects the input voltage level.
• The SwitcHub should be located in a cool dry place, with at least 10 cm. of
space at the front and back for ventilation.
• Check if network cables and connectors needed for installation are available.
• Find a suitable location at the center of the devices you want to link, and
near a power outlet.
Connecting the Switch System
The SwitcHub has one RJ-45 Ethernet port, and one fiber optic port (with SC or ST
type connectors). Use twisted-pair cable to connect the RJ-45 MDI-X port to a
server/workstation, or to connect the RJ-45 MDI port to another compatible switch
or hub; and use 50/125 mm or 62.5/125 mm guage multimode fiber optic cable with
SC or ST type connectors (depending on the SwitcHub model you purchased) to
connect any compatible network device to the Rx/Tx jacks. The SwitcHub can be
used to connect 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T networks to a fiber optic backbone; or
can be used to significantly extend a 100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T network with an
intermediate fiber optic link (i.e., by chaining several switches).

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
2-2 Setup and Configuration
Making RJ-45 Connections
1. Prepare a straight-through twisted-pair cable with RJ-45 plugs at both ends.
2. If you are making a connection to a server or workstation (i.e., a dedicated
connection to an end-node device), be sure that it has a properly installed
100BASE-TX or 10BASE-T network interface card. Attach one end of the
cable to the MDI-X station port on the switch and the other end to the RJ-45
port of the device’s network interface card. As a general rule, the length of
twisted-pair cable forming a direct link between any two network devices
should not exceed 100 meters.
Note: Category 5 twisted-pair cable (100W) must be used for 100Mbps connections.
Although Category 3, 4 or 5 cable can be used for 10Mbps connections, we highly
recommend that you also use Category 5 cable for these connections to avoid any
unnecessary expense or confusion if you subsequently upgrade to Fast Ethernet.
If you are connecting to a network interconnection device, attach one end of
the cable to the MDI crossover port on the switch and the other end to an
MDI-X station port on the other device (or vice versa). When cascading to
devices other than this switch, please refer to the accompanying
documentation for restrictions on stack size. Also note that because the
switch breaks up the path for connected devices into separate collision
domains, you should not include the switch or connected cabling in your
calculations for cascade length involving other devices.
Note: In contrast to repeater hubs, a cascade of switches breaks up the collision
domain. The number of switches that can be cascaded is therefore theoretically
unlimited. However, in practice, the length of a cascade may be limited by the time-
out requirements of the particular applications running over the network.
3. Set the communication mode via the Configure button to full-duplex or
half-duplex mode to match the connected device. (Refer to Setting the
Communication Mode in Chapter 3.)
IDo not plug a phone jack connector into the RJ-45 port. This may damage the
switch. Instead, use only twisted-pair cables with RJ-45 connectors that conform
to FCC standards.

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
Setup and Configuration 2-3
Making Fiber Optic Connections
1. Prepare a pair of fiber-optic cables with SC or ST type connectors at both ends.
SC-Type Connector ST-Type Connector
2. If you are making a connection to a server or workstation, be sure it that has
a properly installed 100BASE-FX network interface card. Connect the Rx/Tx
jacks on the target device to the Tx/Rx jacks on the switch.
Distance Limit and Power Loss in Fiber Optics - When using fiber optic cabling,
the maximum length between two switches can be up to 2 kilometers.
However, you must consider power loss when calculating the actual length of
cable that can be used with your system. You can calculate power loss with the
following formula:
m = (p dB - i dB)
c dB/km Variable Description
m cable length (kilometers)
p dB power budget
i dB intervening devices
(e.g., patch cables and splices)
c dB/km loss per kilometer of cable
Note: To determine the power loss incurred by intervening devices and specific cable
type, inquire with the manufacturer. The power budget depends on the gauge of cable
as shown below. Gauge of Fiber Cable Power Budget
50/125 m m9.2 dB
62.5/125 m m13 dB

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
2-4 Setup and Configuration
For a sample calculation, assume the following values:
• cable gauge - 62.5/125 mm, which means a 13 dB power budget,
• 2 patch panels between the switches, each with 0.5 dB power loss, and
1 splice with 0.4 dB power loss (i.e., 2 * 0.5 + 0.4 = 1.4 dB power loss for
intervening devices), and
• inherent power loss in the cable is 4.5 dB/km
The maximum cable length is therefore:
m ≤13 dB - 1.4 dB ≤2.58 km
4.5 dB/km
IWhen the 100BASE-FX link is used for a dedicated connection (i.e.,
full-duplex communications), cable length should not exceed 2
kilometers. However, when the link is used for a shared collision
domain (i.e., half-duplex communications), cable length should not
exceed 412 meters (IEEE 802.3u).
Note: Even though your calculations for power loss may indicate a longer permissible
length based on signal strength (as seen in the preceding example), we advise remaining
within the recommended limits.
3. Set the communication mode via the Configure button to full-duplex or
half-duplex mode to match the connected device. (Refer to Setting the
Communication Mode in Chapter 3.)

Fast SwitcHub-2se User’s Guide
Setup and Configuration 2-5
Providing Power to the SwitcHub
1. Power on the switch by plugging the power cord into the power socket at the
rear of the SwitcHub, and the other end into a power outlet.
2. Check the LED marked Power on the front panel to see if it is on. The unit
will automatically select the setting that matches the connected input voltage.
Therefore, no additional adjustments are necessary when connecting it to any
input voltage within the range marked on the rear panel.
3. The SwitcHub performs a self-diagnostic test upon power on. (Note that this
test takes about 50 seconds to complete.) For details about the system self-
diagnostic test, refer to the following section.
Diagnostic Tests
Upon Power On
Upon power on, the system performs an internal self-diagnostic test of major
switch components. If any component fails during the test, the switch will try
to complete the diagnostic procedure. Otherwise, the system will hang. For
related information, refer to Diagnostics Display Mode in Chapter 3.
The components to be tested include:
• System ROM
• System EEPROM
• Ports 1 - 2
During Normal Operation
You can use the Configure button any time you want to perform a diagnostic
test. When testing begins, the system leaves normal operation. If no problem
is encountered by the diagnostic test, the system automatically returns to
normal operation.